Eminyakeni engaphezudlwana nje kwengu-30 edlule, ngamba amathambo nogebhezi lwekhanda lezisulu zokuqothulwa kohlanga e-Armenia endaweni yegquma ngaphezu koMfula iKhabur eSyria. Babengabantu abasha - amazinyo ayengaboli - futhi babembalwa nje kwezigidi nengxenye zamaKristu ase-Armenia abulawa ekuQothulweni Kwesizwe kokuqala kwekhulu lama-20, ukucekelwa phansi kwabantu abaningi ngamabomu yi-Ottoman. ETurkey ngo-1915.
Kwakunzima ukuthola lamathambo ngoba uMfula iKhabur - enyakatho yedolobha laseSyria iDeir ez-Zour - wawusushintshile. Zaziningi izidumbu ezinqwabelene ekugelezeni kwawo kangangokuthi amanzi athuthela empumalanga. Wona kanye umfula wawusushintshile indlela yawo. Kodwa abangani base-Armenia enganginabo bathatha izinsalela bazifaka engosini yesonto elikhulu lase-Armenia e-Deir ez-Zour, elinikezelwe enkumbulweni yalabo bantu base-Armenia ababulawa - kanye nehlazo phezu kwezwe "lanamuhla" laseTurkey. usakuphika lokhu kuQothulwa Kwesizwe - kulokho kubulawa kwabantu abaningi kwezimboni.
Futhi manje, cishe engashiwongo kwabezindaba, lezi zindawo zokubulala ezinyantisayo seziphenduke izinkundla zokubulala zempi entsha. Emathanjeni ama-Armenia afile, impi yaseSyria iyaliwa. Futhi inzalo yabasindile abangamaKristu base-Armenia abathola indawo engcwele emazweni amadala aseSiriya baye baphoqeleka ukuba babaleke futhi - eLebanon, eYurophu, eMelika. Lona kanye isonto lapho amathambo abantu base-Armenia ababulewe athola khona indawo yabo yokuphumula okwakucatshangwa ukuthi yayiyokugcina lonakele kule mpi entsha, nakuba kungekho noyedwa obaziyo ababenecala.
Izolo, ngishayele uMbhishobhi u-Armash Nalbandian waseDamaseku, ongitshele ukuthi ngenkathi leli bandla laseDeir ez-Zour lalicekeleke phansi, ithempeli lahlala lingakaze lithintwe. Isonto ngokwalo, uthe, belibalulekile kunenkumbulo yokubulawa kwabantu base-Armenia - futhi yile nkumbulo engase ibhujiswe. Uqinisile. Kodwa isonto - hhayi isakhiwo esihle kakhulu, kufanele ngisho - noma kunjalo liwufakazi, isikhumbuzo sokuQothulwa Kwesizwe Kwama-Armenia njalo njengcwele njengesikhumbuzo seYad Vashem kuzisulu zokuQothulwa Kwesizwe kwamaJuda kwa-Israyeli. Futhi nakuba umbuso wakwa-Israel, ngehlazo elilingana namaTurkey, uthi ukubulawa kwabantu base-Armenia kwakungesona isibhicongo, ama-Israel ngokwawo asebenzisa igama elithi Shoah - Holocaust - ekubulaweni kwabantu base-Armenia.
E-Aleppo, isonto lase-Armenia licekelwe phansi yiFree Syrian Army, amavukelambuso “amahle” alwa nombuso kaBashar al-Assad, exhaswa futhi ehlome ngezikhali amaMelika kanye nama-Gulf Sunni Arabs. Kepha eRaqqa, okuwukuphela kwenhloko-dolobha yesifunda ezothunjwa ngokuphelele iqembu eliphikisayo eSyria, ama-Salafist fighters alahle iSonto LamaKatolika Lama-Martyrs ase-Armenia futhi ashisa nempahla yalo. Futhi - uNkulunkulu akasiphephise umcabango - amakhulu amaningi ama-Turkish fighters, inzalo yamaTurkey afanayo azama ukucekela phansi umjaho wama-Armenia ngo-1915, manje ajoyine amasosha ahlangene ne-al-Qa'ida ahlasela ibandla lase-Armenia. Isiphambano esiphezu kombhoshongo wewashi sacekelwa phansi, sathathelwa indawo ifulegi le-Islamic State of Iraq kanye neLevant.
Futhi akukhona lokho kuphela. Ngomhla ziyi-11 kuNovemba, lapho umhlaba uhlonipha abafile beMpi Enkulu, engazange inikeze ama-Armenia isimo esibafanele, igobolondo lodaka lawela ngaphandle kwe-Holy Translators Armenian National School eDamaseku kanti amanye amagobolondo amabili awela emabhasini esikole. UHovhannes Atokanian noVanessa Bedros, bobabili abayizingane zesikole zase-Armenia, bashonile. Ngemva kosuku, ibhasi elaligcwele abantu base-Armenia ababesuka eBeirut beya e-Aleppo baphangwa bekhonjwe ngezibhamu. Ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, uKevork Bogasian wabulawa igobolondo lodaka e-Aleppo. Inani lokufa kwabantu base-Armenia eSyria lingama-65 nje; kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi singenza leyo 1,500,065. Bangaphezu kwekhulu abantu base-Armenia abathunjiwe. Ama-Armenia, vele, njengamanye amaKrestu amaningi eSyria, awasekeli ukuvukela umbuso ka-Assad - yize bengeke babizwe ngabasekeli baka-Assad.
Eminyakeni emibili kusukela manje, bazogubha iminyaka eyi-100 yokuQothulwa Kwesizwe. Ngihlangane nabasindile abaningi, bonke sebeshonile. Kepha umbuso waseTurkey, osekela uguquko olukhona eSyria, uzobe ukhumbula ukunqoba kwawo eGallipoli ngalowo nyaka, impi yobuqhawe lapho uMustafa Kemal Ataturk asindisa izwe lakhe ekuhlaselweni yi-Allied. Ama-Armenia nawo alwa kuleyo mpi - egqoke umfaniswano webutho laseTurkey, yebo - kodwa ngizobheja ama-dollar amaningi ngendlela ofuna ngayo ukuthi ngeke akhunjulwe ngo-2015 yisifunda saseTurkey esasizobhubhisa imindeni yabo ngokushesha.
Umhlahlandlela wabaHitchhiker oya e-Iran endala embi
Nakuba sonke sijabulela ukukhazimula kobudlelwane obujabulisayo ne-Iran, kungase kube kuhle ukufunda - esikhathini esiyizinyanga ezine, ngaphandle uma abashicileli babo benengqondo evamile yokuyiveza - incwadi ephawulekayo kaShane Bauer, uJosh Fattal noSarah Shourd. .
Bona - futhi ungase ungakhumbuli lokhu - kwakungabagibeli "abaduka" baya e-Iran ngo-2009 besuka e-Iraqi Kurdistan. U-Sarah wakhululwa kuqala futhi wangishayela ucingo ukuze akhulume ngengoduso yakhe, u-Shane, futhi engibuza ukuthi i-Independent ingasiza yini ekutholeni ukukhululwa kwala madoda amabili. Sishicilele obunye bobuntatheli bukaShane - ngenza iphuzu lokutshela inxusa lase-Iran e-Beirut ukuthi liyifunde - futhi, ngosizo lwe-Independent noma ngaphandle kwalo, bakhululwa bobabili. Ngajabula.
Babeboshwe ngesikhathi sikamongameli we-Ahmadinejad ehlanya, futhi kuyacaca encwadini yabo ukuthi bahehwa onogada base-Iranian bawela umngcele. Omunye wabo wagcina ethumelele uSara i-imeyili ukuthi kwakunjalo.
Kodwa ukuboshwa kwabo, ukuvalelwa kwabo wedwa okunonya - uhlobo lokuhlukunyezwa uma kwenzeka kwaba khona - nobudlelwano babo, hhayi nje neziboshwa ezikanye nabo ezigwetshiwe kodwa nonogada bazo, kuyindaba emangazayo.
USarah washeshe wasebenza, emuva kwenkululeko, ukuthi uhulumeni wase-US wayengeyena umngane wabo wemvelo; kunamagama abukhali mayelana “nomenzi wokuthula” uDennis Ross. Incwadi enhle - engingavamile ukuyisho - futhi ibizwa ngokuthi I-Sliver of Light. Kufundeka uFisk.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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Impendulo ku-Robert Fisk ka-December 2, 1913 isihloko se-ZNet: "Cishe Ikhulu Leminyaka Ngemva Kokubulawa Kwabase-Armenia, Laba Bantu Basabulawa ESiriya"
Kuyinhlekelele embi kakhulu ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe yikhulu lapho amaKristu ase-Armenia ayisigidi nengxenye abulala khona ekuQothulweni Kwesizwe kokuqala kwekhulu lama-20, ukucekelwa phansi kwabantu abaningi ngamabomu ngamaTurkey ase-Ottoman ngo-1915. inzalo yabasindile abangamaKristu base-Armenia abathola indawo engcwele emazweni amadala aseSyria baye baphoqeleka ukuba babalekele futhi - eLebanon, eYurophu, eMelika ngenxa yengxabano ekhona manje elwiwa kulo lonke elaseSyria, ngokusho kwentatheli yaseBrithani eyaklonyeliswa kaningi, URobert Fisk .. Futhi ngokudabukisayo, ubonisa ukuthi manje, cishe engashiwongo emithonjeni yezindaba, lezi zindawo zokubulala ezimbi ziye zaba izinkundla zokubulala impi entsha. Unezela ngokuqhubekayo ngokuthi phezu kwamathambo ama-Armenia afile, impi yaseSyria iyaliwa. Okwenza kube kubi nakakhulu ukuthi uveza ukuthi lona kanye ibandla lapho amathambo abantu base-Armenia ababulewe bathola khona indawo yabo yokuphumula okwakucatshangwa ukuthi yayiyohlala lonakele, kuhlanganise nokungcoliswa, empini entsha, nakuba kungekho obaziyo ababenecala. Kungani kungenziwa okwanele ukuvikela abantu base-Armenia kanye nezinye izakhamuzi kulobu bulwane obungakhulumeki. Kuyihlazo ukukhala, kulindelwe ukulungiswa.
Lawa kwakungamathambo nogebhezi lwekhanda lezisulu zokuqothulwa kohlanga lwase-Armenia eziphuma egqumeni elingaphezu komfula iKhabur, enyakatho yedolobha laseSyria iDeir ez-Zour, eSyria., uRobert Fisk ayezimbile eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu edlule lapho abangane base-Armenia. ababenaye ngomusa bathatha izinsalela futhi bazibeka e-crypt yesonto elikhulu lase-Armenia e-Deir ez-Zour, elinikezelwe enkumbulweni yalabo base-Armenia ababulawa - futhi yebo, kuyihlazo phezu "kwesimanje" Isifunda saseTurkey esisaphika lokhu kuQothulwa Kwesizwe - kulokho kubulawa kwabantu abaningi kwezimboni.
Ubuye wachaza kabanzi ngokuthi uMbhishobhi Armash Nalbandian waseDamaseku, owamtshela ukuthi ngenkathi ibandla laseDeir ez-Zour licekeleke phansi, ithempeli alikathintwa. Wanezela ngokuthi uMbhishobhi wathi isonto ngokwalo lalingabaluleki kangako kunenkumbulo yokubulawa kwabantu base-Armenia - futhi yile nkumbulo engase ibhujiswe; futhi lokhu kungaba yinhlekelele futhi kudabukise kakhulu. Uqinisile uFisk uma ethi lokho okushiwo uMbhishobhi wase-Armenia kulungile.
Ubonisa ngempela ngendlela enamandla kakhulu, ngendlela ephoqelelayo yokuziphatha ukuthi nakuba isonto - lingesona isakhiwo esihle kakhulu, noma kunjalo liwubufakazi, isikhumbuzo sokuQothulwa Kwesizwe Kwabase-Armenia njalo kungcwele njengesikhumbuzo sikaYad Vashem kwabahlukunyezwayo. UkuQothulwa Kwesizwe kwamaJuda kwa-Israyeli. Futhi wengeza ngokusobala ukuthi nakuba umbuso wakwa-Israel, ngehlazo elilingana namaTurkey, uthi ukubulawa kwabantu base-Armenia kwakungesona isibhicongo, ama-Israel ngokwawo asebenzisa igama elithi Shoah - UkuQothulwa Kwesizwe - ekubulaweni kwabantu base-Armenia.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uRobert Fisk wembula ukubamba iqhaza kwamaMelika nama-Gulf Sunni Arabs kule mpi yokuziphatha okubi, eyethusa kakhulu, ngokusho ukuthi “e-Aleppo, isonto lase-Armenia licekelwe phansi yiFree Syrian Army, amavukelambuso 'amahle' alwa noBashar al. -Umbuso ka-Assad, oxhaswe ngemali futhi uhlonywe ngabaseMelika kanye nama-Gulf Sunni Arabs." Okubi nakakhulu, mayelana nokushushiswa kwama-Armenia ngokwenkolo nangokobuzwe, uyanezela ukuthi “eRaqqa, okuwukuphela kwenhloko-dolobha yesifunda ezothunjwa ngokuphelele iqembu eliphikisayo eSyria, amasosha amaSalafist alahle iSonto LamaKatolika Lase-Armenia Lama-Martyrs futhi ashisa nempahla yalo. .” Ngokusobala, umlando usuqala ukuziphindaphinda, mayelana nosizi nokushushiswa kwabantu base-Armenia. Lokhu kuboniswa ngisho nangokwengeziwe yiqiniso lokuthi uthi “amakhulu amaningi ezilwi zaseTurkey, izizukulwane zamaTurkey afanayo ezazama ukucekela phansi umjaho wama-Armenia ngo-1915, manje sezijoyine amasosha ahlangene ne-al-Qa’ida ahlasela ama-Armenia. ibandla. Isiphambano esiphezu kombhoshongo wewashi sacekelwa phansi, sathathelwa indawo ifulege le-Islamic State of Iraq kanye neLevant.” Ngakho, lesi isibonelo esicacile sephuzu lesazi sefilosofi esidumile saseSpain elithi umlando uyaziphinda lapho abantu nezizwe behluleka futhi benqaba ukufunda kuwo.