Naphezu kosizo lwezigidigidi obekufanele luyiswe kubantu baseHaiti, amakhulu ezinkulungwane asenamakhaya, ahlala emijondolo njengoba imiphumela yokuzamazama komhlaba kwango-January 12, 2010 isekhona.
Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwacekela phansi iHaiti ngoJanuwari 2010 kwashona, ngokusho kwe-Oxfam International, abantu abangu-250,000 kwalimala abanye abangu-300,000. Abantu baseHaiti abangu-360,000 basafuduka futhi bahlala bebambene ngezandla ematendeni angama-496 ezweni lonke ngokusho kwe-International Organisation of Migration. Iningi lidla ukudla okukodwa kuphela ngosuku.
Ikholera yalandela ukuzamazama komhlaba. Manje njengoba kuthiwa amasosha e-UN abhekene nokukhucululwa kwendle, isibulale abantu abangu-7,750 futhi yagula abangaphezu kwengxenye yesigidi. I-Institute for Justice and Democracy in Haiti kanye nozakwethu waseHaiti i-Bureau des Avocats Internationaux bafake izicelo zomthetho ngokumelene ne-UN egameni lezinkulungwane zezisulu zekholera. Muva nje uhulumeni waseHaiti ngokufanayo ufuna imali engaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili zamaRandi emphakathini wamazwe ngamazwe ukuze kubhekwane nobhubhane lwekholera.
IHaiti kakade yayisiyizwe elimpofu kakhulu eNtshonalanga Nenkabazwe njengoba abantu abangamaphesenti angu-55 baphila ngaphansi kwesilinganiso sobumpofu sika-$1.25 ngosuku. Cishe amaphesenti angu-60 abantu asebenza kwezolimo, okuwumthombo oyinhloko wemali ezindaweni zasemaphandleni. IHaiti ithenga ngaphandle kwamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-55 okudla kwayo. Umuntu ovamile waseHaiti udla kuphela amaphesenti angu-73 obuncane obuncane bansuku zonke obunconywe yi-World Health Organization. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuzamazama komhlaba amaphesenti angu-40 emindeni (abantu abayizigidi ezingu-3.8) ayengondlekile kahle futhi izingane ezi-3 kwezingu-10 zazihlushwa ukungondleki okungapheli.
Ngo-November 2012, iSiphepho uSandy saphinde sabangela elinye futhi igalelo elinzima ezweni elimpofu kakhulu le-hemisphere. Umoya kanye nama-intshi angamashumi amabili emvula evela eSiphepho uSandy kwabulala abantu abangaphezu kuka-50, kwalimaza inqwaba yezikhungo zekholera, futhi kwalimaza kabi imiphakathi yabalimi esivele idonsa kanzima.
Naphezu kokuthululwa kozwelo lozwelonke, abanye balinganisela ukuthi ifinyelela ku-$3 bhiliyoni ngeminikelo yomuntu ngamunye kanye nolunye u-$6 billion wosizo lukahulumeni, kuncane kakhulu okushintshile. Ingxenye yenkinga ukuthi umphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni (i-Haiti ngezinye izikhathi ibizwe ngokuthi iRiphabhulikhi ye-NGOs) idlule izinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni waseHaiti kanye nohulumeni waseHaiti uqobo. Ukuhlaziywa kweCentre for Global Development lapho imali eya khona yaphetha ngokuthi ngaphansi kuka-10% kuya kuhulumeni waseHaiti futhi ngaphansi kuka-1% kuya ezinhlanganweni namabhizinisi aseHaiti. Ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu egcwele yoxhaso lokusiza abantu eHaiti yabuyiselwa emazweni anikelayo ukuze iwabuyisele umsebenzi wawo womphakathi nowezempi ezweni futhi iningi labanye laya kuma-NGO wamazwe ngamazwe nakosonkontileka abazimele.
Njengoba amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu asala dengwane, umphakathi wamazwe omhlaba wakhe amakhaya amasha angaphansi kuka-5000. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ubugebengu nokubulala kuphansi eHaiti (iHaiti yayinezinga lokubulala lika-6.9 kuzo zonke izinkulungwane eziyikhulu, kuyilapho iNew Orleans inezinga le-58), imali enkulu isetshenziswa ebuthweni le-UN abaningi baseHaiti abangayifuni. . Isabelomali sonyaka se-United Nations “sokugcina ukuthula” mission, MINUSTAH for 2012-2013 noma $644 million izokhokhela ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ezingaphezu kuka-58,000 nge $11,000 ikhaya ngalinye.
Ziningi izindaba zamaphrojekthi aqanjwe ngamagama amakhulu emphakathini wamazwe omhlaba lapho izigidi zamarandi anikelwe zithelwa ukuze ziyekwe ngoba umphumela wawungabasizi ngalutho abantu baseHaiti. Isibonelo, abakwamanye amazwe bakha umphakathi wezindlu oyimodeli eZoranje. Iphrojekthi yamadola ayizigidi ezimbili yakha izindlu ezingama-60 manje esezishiywe dengwane ngokusho kweHaiti Grassroots Watch.
U-Deborah Sontag ku-New York Times uxoxa ngezindaba zamanye ama-bungles amaningi esihlokweni esibucayi esibike ukuthi ingxenye encane kakhulu yezimali igxile ekwakhiweni kwezindlu ezihlala unomphela zamakhulu ezinkulungwane ashiya amakhaya. Abaningi balindele ukuthi ama-200,000 azobe esesemakamu okufuduka ngonyaka kusukela manje.
Iningi lamakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu abasashiye amakhaya ngenxa yokuzamazama komhlaba abanazo ezinye izindlu. Labo abebeqashile abazitholi izindawo zokuhlala ngenxa yokushoda kwezindlu eziqashisayo. Iningi lalabo abebenemizi ngaphambi kokuzamazama komhlaba baphoqeleke ukuthi babuyele kweyabo yize le mizi ingaphephile. Ucwaningo olwenziwa yi-USAID luthole ukuthi izindlela zezindlu zimbalwa kangangokuthi abantu sebebuyele emabhilidini “abomvu” angaphezu kuka-50,000 abathi onjiniyela kufanele zidilizwe.
Uhlelo olulodwa olusha, 16/6, luthembisa ukukhokha uxhaso lwesikhathi esisodwa luka-$500 oluphezulu lokuqasha ukuze umndeni uthuthe usuka ematendeni kodwa lolu hlelo luzozuzisa kuphela iphesenti elincane labantu abafudukayo ngoba okwamanje litholakala kuphela cishe ngo-5% kwabantu abaxoshwa. Kunqunyelwe kulabo abahlala emakamu omphakathi ayi-6 abonakala kakhulu ePort au Prince. Ngenxa yokushoda kwezindlu ePort-au-Prince zimbalwa izindawo ezitholakalayo zokuqasha ngisho nangomxhaso.
Iningi labantu elihlala ngaphansi kwamatende lisendaweni yomuntu futhi libhekene nodlame olusemthethweni nolwangasese ngokuxoshwa ngendluzula ngokusho kwe-Oxfam. Bangaphezu kuka-60,000 abakhishwe ngendluzula emakamu amatende angaphezu kuka-150 ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okungokomthetho okuncane. I-Oxfam ibika ukuthi abaningi abasemakamu besaba ukushiya amakamu abo beyofuna umsebenzi noma ukudla bekhathazekile ngokuthi amatende nempahla yabo kuzocekelwa phansi bengekho.
Inqwaba yezinhlangano ezilwela amalungelo abantu eHaiti kanye nabasekeli bamazwe ngamazwe bahlela ukulwa nokuxoshwa ngendluzula emkhankasweni obizwa nge-Under Tents Haiti.
Iqiniso lokuthi lezi zinkinga zisekhona naphezu kwezigidigidi zosizo ikakhulukazi umphumela wokwehluleka komphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe ukuxhumana nomphakathi waseHaiti nokusebenzisana nohulumeni waseHaiti. Impela uhulumeni waseHaiti ukhombisile izinkinga kodwa kungalindeleka kanjani ukuthi isizwe sikhule ngaphandle kokuthi siholele ukwakhiwa kabusha kwaso? Ngokunjalo, izinhlangano zomphakathi zaseHaiti, amasonto ayo, amalungelo abantu kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi, zingaba abalingani bangempela ekwakhiweni kabusha kwezwe. Kodwa umphakathi wamazwe omhlaba kufanele uzinike isikhathi sokusebenza ngobudlelwano obunenhlonipho neHaiti. Noma-ke izinhlekelele zokuzamazama komhlaba neziphepho zizoqhubeka zihlasela odadewethu nabafowethu baseHaiti, abantu basenkabazwe yethu asebehlukunyezwe kaningi kakhulu.
UBill Quigley ungummeli wamalungelo abantu futhi ufundisa eNyuvesi yaseLoyola eNew Orleans. U-Amber Ramanauskas ungummeli kanye nomcwaningi wamalungelo abantu. Sibonga uSophia Mire noVladimir Laguerre ngosizo lwabo. Ikhophi yalesi sihloko enemithombo egcwele iyatholakala. Umthethosivivinywa ungafinyelelwa ku- [i-imeyili ivikelwe], Amber at [i-imeyili ivikelwe]
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela