Ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaJulayi, omele uTom Delay (Republican) waseTexas, umholi weningi leNdlu uchaze njalo njengomunye wamadoda amathathu noma amane anamandla kakhulu eWashington, wazinikeza imibono yakhe mayelana nemephu yomgwaqo kanye nekusasa lokuthula ezweni. Emaphakathi Mpumalanga. Lokhu ayekusho kwakusho isimemezelo sohambo aluthatha kamuva oluya kwa-Israel nasemazweni amaningana ama-Arab lapho, kubikwa ukuthi, asho umyalezo ofanayo. Ngokungangabazeki, uDelay waziveza ukuthi uphikisana nokwesekwa kwabaphathi bakaBush kulo mgwaqo, ikakhulukazi ukunikezwa okukhona kwezwe lasePalestine. "Kungaba umbuso wamaphekula," esho ngokugcizelela, esebenzisa igama elithi "amaphekula" - njengoba sekuyinjwayelo enkulumweni esemthethweni yaseMelika - ngaphandle kokubheka isimo, incazelo noma izici ezibonakalayo. Uqhubeke wengeza ngokuthi weza ngemibono yakhe mayelana no-Israyeli ngenxa yalokho akuchaza njengokukholelwa kwakhe “njengomKristu wamaZionist”, ibinzana elihlobene hhayi nje nokweseka konke okwenziwa u-Israyeli, kodwa futhi nelungelo lemfundiso yenkolo yombuso wamaJuda qhubeka nokwenza elikwenzayo kungakhathalekile ukuthi izigidi ezimbalwa zamaPalestine "amaphekula" ziyalimala kule nqubo.
Isibalo esikhulu sabantu eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-United States abacabanga njengoDelay siyizigidi ezingama-60-70 futhi, kufanele kuqashelwe, kufakwe phakathi kwabo akekho omunye ngaphandle kukaGeorge W Bush naye ongumKristu ozelwe ngokusha ophefumulelwe konke kuye. eBhayibhelini kuhloswe ukuba kuthathwe njengoba kunjalo. UBush ungumholi wabo futhi ngokuqinisekile uncike emavotini abo okhethweni luka-2004, ngokubona kwami, angeke aluphumelele. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi isikhundla sakhe sobumongameli sisongelwa yizinqubomgomo zakhe ezilimazayo ekhaya naphesheya yena kanye nosomaqhinga bomkhankaso wakhe bazama ukuheha abalandeli bokulunga abangamaKristu abavela kwezinye izingxenye zezwe, ikakhulukazi maphakathi neNtshonalanga. Sekukonke, imibono yeChristian Right (ehambisana nemibono kanye namandla okunxenxa enhlangano evukela umbuso we-Israeli neo-Conservative) ihlanganisa amandla amakhulu kwezepolitiki yasekhaya yaseMelika, okuyisizinda lapho, maye, impikiswano mayelana neNkathi Ephakathi. IMpumalanga yenzeka eMelika. Umuntu kufanele akhumbule njalo ukuthi eMelika iPalestine kanye ne-Israel ithathwa njengezindaba zasekhaya, hhayi inqubomgomo yangaphandle.
Ngakho, ukube izimemezelo zikaLibazisa zazimane nje ziyimibono yomuntu siqu yomuntu oshisekela inkolo noma ukugigiyela okunjengephupho komboni ongabalulekile, umuntu wayengazichitha ngokushesha njengeziwumbudane. Kodwa zimelela ulimi lwamandla olungaphikiswa kalula eMelika, lapho izakhamuzi eziningi zikholelwa ukuthi ziqondiswa uNkulunkulu ngokuqondile kulokho ezikubonayo nezikholelwayo nezikwenzayo ngezinye izikhathi. UJohn Ashcroft, ummeli-jikelele, kubikwa ukuthi uqala usuku ngalunye lokusebenza ehhovisi lakhe ngomhlangano womkhuleko ohlangene. Kulungile, abantu bafuna ukuthandaza, ngokomthethosisekelo bavunyelwe inkululeko ephelele yenkolo. Kodwa endabeni kaDelay, ngokusho lokho akushilo ngokumelene nohlanga lonke lwabantu, amaPalestine, ukuthi bazokwenza izwe lonke "labashokobezi", okungukuthi, izitha zesintu encazelweni yamanje yaseWashington yaleli gama. yaphazamisa ngokungathi sína inqubekelaphambili yabo ekuzinqumeni futhi yangena ngandlela thize ekubekeni isijeziso nokuhlupheka okwengeziwe kubo, konke ngezizathu zenkolo. Ngaliphi ilungelo?
Cabanga ngonya kanye nokuzikhukhumeza kwama-impiriyali mayelana nesikhundla sikaDelay: kusukela esikhulwini esinamandla esingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-10 abantu abafana naye, abangenalwazi ngempilo yangempela yama-Arab Palestinians njengomuntu osenyangeni, empeleni bangabusa ngokumelene futhi babambezele inkululeko yasePalestina futhi. uqinisekisa iminyaka eminingi yokucindezelwa nokuhlupheka ngoba nje ecabanga ukuthi bonke bangamaphekula nangenxa yokuthi iZionism yakhe yobuKristu - lapho kungekho bufakazi noma isizathu esibaluleke kakhulu - imtshela kanjalo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwendawo yokwamukela izivakashi yakwa-Israyeli lapha, singasho lutho ngohulumeni wakwa-Israel lapho, amadoda, abesifazane nabantwana basePalestine kufanele babekezelele izithiyo eziningi kanye nokuvinjwa kwemigwaqo okwengeziwe okubekwe endleleni yabo kuCongress yaseMelika. Kanjalo nje.
Okungishaqile mayelana namazwana kaDelay bekungekona nje ukunganaki kwabo kanye nokulula kwabo, ukungaphucuzeki (igama elisetshenziswa kakhulu mayelana nempi yokulwa nobuphekula) ukuxoshwa kwezinkulungwane zabantu abangenzanga lutho olubi kuye, kodwa futhi nokungelona iqiniso, okungelona iqiniso okukhohlisayo izitatimende zakhe zihlanganyela neWashington esemthethweni kuze kube manje njengoba izingxoxo (kanye nenqubomgomo maqondana) neMpumalanga Ephakathi, ama-Arabhu kanye ne-Islam zithinteka. Lokhu sekufinyelele emazingeni amasha okuqina, ngisho nokungafinyeleli, esikhathini kusukela ngezigameko zomhla ziyi-11 kuMandulo. I-Hyperbole, inqubo yokuthola izitatimende ezeqisayo ukuchaza nokuchaza ngokweqile isimo, iye yabusa indawo yomphakathi, iqala ngoBush ngokwakhe ogama lakhe lemetaphysical mayelana nokuhle nokubi, i-axis yobubi, ukukhanya kukaSomandla. futhi yakhe engapheli, alinge ngibabize effusions ogulayo mayelana nobubi bobuphekula, baye bathatha ulimi ngomlando wesintu kanye nomphakathi emazingeni amasha, angasebenzi kahle, isiphithiphithi esingenasisekelo. Konke lokhu kuhlanganiswe nezintshumayelo ezinesizotha kanye nezimemezelo emhlabeni wonke ukuthi zibe pragmatic, ukugwema ukweqisa, ukuphucuzeka nokuhluzeka kwengqondo, njengoba nje abenzi bezinqubomgomo base-US abanamandla okuphatha angagxiliwe bangashaya umthetho wokushintshwa kombuso lapha, ukuhlasela lapho, "ukwakhiwa kabusha" kwezwe lapho, bonke bevela ngaphakathi kwemingcele yamahhovisi abo ahlanzekile ane-air conditioning eWashington. Ingabe lena yindlela yokubeka amazinga ezingxoxo eziphucuzekile kanye nokuthuthukisa izindinganiso zentando yeningi, okuhlanganisa wona kanye umqondo wentando yeningi ngokwawo?
Enye yezindikimba eziyisisekelo zazo zonke izinkulumo zaseMpumalanga kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-19 ukuthi ulimi lwesi-Arabhu nama-Arabhu ahlushwa kokubili kwengqondo nolimi olungasebenzisi iqiniso. Ama-Arabhu amaningi aseyikholelwa le nkolelo yokucwasa, njengokungathi izilimi zezwe lonke njengesi-Arabhu, isiShayina, noma isiNgisi zimelela ngokuqondile izingqondo zabasebenzisi bazo. Lo mbono uyingxenye yezikhali ezifanayo zemibono ezasetshenziswa ekhulwini le-19 ukuze kuthethelelwe ukucindezelwa kwamakoloni: “AmaNegro” awakwazi ukukhuluma kahle ngakho-ke, ngokukaThomas Carlyle, kufanele ahlale eyizigqila; Ulimi “lwesiShayina” luyinkimbinkimbi ngakho-ke, ngokuka-Ernest Renan, indoda noma owesifazane ongumShayina unobuqili futhi kufanele agcinwe phansi; njalonjalo njalonjalo. Akekho othatha imibono enjalo ngokungathi sína namuhla ngaphandle kwalapho ama-Arabhu, ama-Arabhu nama-Arabist ekhathazekile.
Ephepheni alibhala eminyakeni embalwa edlule, uFrancis Fukuyama, upontificator ophiko lwesokudla kanye nesazi sefilosofi esagujwa kafushane ngombono wakhe “wokuphela komlando” okhohlisayo, uthe uMnyango Wezwe usuwaxoshe kahle ama-Arabist kanye nabakhuluma isi-Arabhu ngoba ngokufunda. lolo limi bafunda “nezinkohliso” zama-Arabhu. Namuhla zonke izazi zefilosofi zasemakhaya kwabezindaba, kuhlanganise nosolwazi abanjengoThomas Friedman, baxoxa ngendlela efanayo, benezela encazelweni yabo yesayensi yama-Arabhu ukuthi enye yenkohliso eminingi yesi-Arabhu “inganekwane” evame ukuqhutshwa ama-Arabhu ngokwawo. njengabantu. Ngokweziphathimandla ezinjengoFriedman noFouad Ajami, ama-Arabhu amane nje ayiqoqo elixegayo lezihambi, izizwe ezinamafulege, ezizenza isiko nabantu. Omunye angase aveze ukuthi lokhu kuyinkohliso ye-Hallucinatory Orientalist, enesimo esifanayo nenkolelo yeZionist yokuthi iPalestine yayingenalutho, nokuthi amaPalestina ayengekho futhi ngokuqinisekile awabali njengabantu. Umuntu akadingi nje ukuphikisana nokuba yiqiniso kwemibono enjalo ngakho ngokusobala isuka ekwesabeni nasekungazini.
Kodwa akugcini lapho. Ama-Arabhu ahlala ethethiswa ngenxa yokungakwazi kwawo ukubhekana neqiniso, ukukhetha inkulumo-ze esikhundleni samaqiniso, ukuzidabukela nokuzikhukhumeza kunokuba akhulume ngeqiniso. Imfashini entsha iwukubhekisa kuMbiko we-UNDP wangonyaka odlule njenge-akhawunti “yenhloso” yokuzithwesa icala ngama-Arabhu. Ungakhathazeki ukuthi lo mbiko, njengoba ngike ngakuveza, uyiphepha labafundi abaphothule izifundo zesayensi yezenhlalakahle elingashoni futhi elingacabangi ngokwanele eliklanyelwe ukufakazela ukuthi ama-Arabhu angakhuluma iqiniso ngabo, futhi ungaphansi kakhulu kwezinga leminyaka elikhulu lokubhala ngokugxeka kwama-Arab kusukela. isikhathi sika-Ibn Khaldun kuze kube manje. Konke lokho okuphonswa eceleni, njengoba kunjalo nengqikithi yombuso ababhali be-UNDP abangayinaki, kungcono mhlawumbe ukufakazela ukuthi ukucabanga kwabo kuhambisana ne-American pragmatism.
Abanye ochwepheshe bavame ukusho ukuthi, njengolimi, isi-Arabhu asinembile futhi asikwazi ukuveza noma yini ngokunemba kwangempela. Ngokubona kwami imibono enjalo iphambene kakhulu kangangokuthi ayidingi ukungqubuzana. Kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi singathola umbono wokuthi yini eqhubekisela phambili imibono enjalo ngokubheka umehluko ofundisayo kwenye yempumelelo enkulu ye-American pragmatism nokuthi ikhombisa kanjani ukuthi abaholi bethu bamanje kanye neziphathimandla zibhekana kanjani neqiniso ngendlela enengqondo nenengqondo. Ngethemba ukuthi indida ngale nto engiyixoxayo izosheshe ibonakale. Isibonelo engisicabangayo ukuhlela kweMelika nge-Iraq yangemva kwempi. Kunombiko othusayo walokhu oshicilelweni lwangomhla zizi-4 kuNcwaba lwe-Financial Times lapho saziswa khona ukuthi uDouglas Leith kanye noPaul Wolfowitz, izikhulu ezingakhethwanga eziphakathi kwabanamandla kakhulu kuma-hawkish neo-Conservatives ekuphathweni kukaBush abanobudlelwane obusondelene kakhulu IQembu Lakwa-Israel Likud, laliphethe iqembu lochwepheshe ePentagon “okwathi sonke lesi sikhathi babenomuzwa wokuthi lokhu [impi nomphumela wayo] kwakungeke nje kube umgwaqo [igama eliyisihlambalaza lento elula kangaka ukuyenza kangangokuthi kwakuyodingeka umzamo omncane. ], [yonke le nto] kwakuzoba yizinsuku ezingama-60-90, ukuphendulwa kanye nokunikezwa… kuChalabi kanye noMkhandlu Kazwelonke wase-Iraqi. UMnyango Wezokuvikela ungabe usugeza izandla kulo lonke udaba bese usuka ngokushesha, kahle, futhi ngokushesha. Futhi kuzoba ne-Iraq yentando yeningi eyayivulekele izifiso nezifiso zethu ezisele ngemuva kwayo. Futhi yilokho kuphela okwakukhona kukho. "
Manje siyazi, vele, ukuthi impi yayilwelwa ngempela kulezi zakhiwo futhi i-Iraq yayigcwele impi kulezo nje ezicatshangwayo zama-imperialist. Irekhodi likaChalabi lokuba yimpimpi kanye nebhange, akulona elihamba phambili. Futhi manje akekho odinga ukukhunjuzwa ngokwenzekile e-Iraq kusukela kwawa uSaddam Hussein. Izinxushunxushu ezimbi kakhulu, kusukela ekuphangweni nasekuphangweni kwemitapo yolwazi neminyuziyamu (okuwumthwalo ngokuphelele wezempi yase-US njengamandla aphethe), ukuwohloka okuphelele kwengqalasizinda, ubutha bama-Iraqis - abangelona iqembu elilodwa elilodwa - emabuthweni ase-Anglo-American, ukungavikeleki kanye nokushoda futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, umuntu ongavamile - ngigcizelela igama elithi "umuntu" - ukungakwazi ukusebenza kukaGarner, uBremer kanye nazo zonke izinhlaka zabo namasosha ekubhekaneni ngokwanele nezinkinga ze-Iraq yangemva kwempi, konke lokhu kufakazela uhlobo lwe-pragmatism eyinkohliso elimazayo kanye nokuba ngokoqobo kokucabanga kwaseMelika okufanele kuhluke kakhulu kulokho kwabantu abangamanga njengama-Arab abagcwele ukukhohlisa futhi abanolimi olunephutha okufanele baluqale. Iqiniso lendaba ukuthi iqiniso alikho ngokomyalelo womuntu (noma ngabe linamandla kangakanani) futhi alinamathele eduze kwabanye abantu nezimo zengqondo kunabanye. Isimo somuntu sakhiwe ngolwazi nokuchazwa, futhi lezi azisoze zabuswa amandla ngokuphelele: ziphinde zibe yisizinda esivamile sabantu emlandweni. Amaphutha amabi enziwa u-Wolfowitz kanye no-Leith ehla ekushintsheni kwabo ngokuzidla kolimi olungacacile nolungenalwazi lweqiniso eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu nelinokungalaleli. Imiphumela eshaqisayo isaphambi kwethu.
Ngakho-ke masingakwamukeli ukudelela kwemibono okushiya ulimi neqiniso njengokuwukuphela kwempahla yamandla aseMelika, noma lokho okubizwa ngemibono yaseNtshonalanga. Umnyombo walolu daba yi-imperialism, ukuthi (ekugcineni banal) umsebenzi wokuzicabangela wokuqeda umhlaba wabantu ababi njengoSaddam egameni lobulungisa nenqubekelaphambili. Izizathu zokubukezwa kabusha zokuhlasela kwe-Iraq kanye nempi yaseMelika yobushokobezi eseziphenduke enye yezinto ezamukelekayo ezivela kwamanye amazwe ezivela embusweni owehluleke ngaphambilini, iBrithani, futhi zinezinkulumo ezimahhadla neqiniso elihlanekezelwe nomlando ngendlela eshelelayo eyethusayo, zimenyezelwa yizintatheli zaseBrithani eziphuma kwamanye amazwe. I-America engenakho ukwethembeka kokusho ngokuqondile, yebo, siphakeme futhi sinelungelo lokufundisa abantu bomdabu isifundo noma kuphi emhlabeni lapho sibabona bekhohlakele futhi besahlehla. Futhi kungani sinalelo lungelo? Ngenxa yokuthi labo bantu bomdabu abanezinwele ezimpunga esazi ukuthi babusa umbuso wethu iminyaka engu-500 futhi manje sebefuna iMelika ilandele, bahlulekile: bayehluleka ukuqonda impucuko yethu ephakeme, baluthwe yizinkolelo-ze kanye nokushiseka ngokweqile, bangamashiqela angavuselelwanga afanelwe ukujeziswa. futhi thina, ngoNkulunkulu, yithi okufanele senze umsebenzi, egameni lenqubekelaphambili nempucuko. Uma amanye alawa ma-acrobat angama-journalism (asebekhonze izingcweti eziningi kangangokuthi abanazo nhlobo izimilo zokuziphatha) bengakwazi futhi ukucaphuna izazi zikaMarx nezaseJalimane - naphezu kokuphikiswa kwazo ngokusobala ukuthi zimelene neMarxism kanye nokungazi kwabo noma yiziphi izilimi. umfundaze hhayi isiNgisi - ngokuthanda kwabo ke ukuthi babonakala behlakaniphe kangakanani. Ukucwasa ngokwebala nje phansi, noma ngabe kugqokiswe kanjani.
Inkinga empeleni ijulile futhi iyathakazelisa kakhulu kunalokho abashisekeli bepolitiki nabashicileli bamandla aseMelika abebekucabanga. Emhlabeni wonke abantu bahlangabezana nobunzima bokuguquguquka kwemicabango kanye nesilulumagama lapho i-neo-liberalism yaseMelika kanye “ne-pragmatism” yenziwa ngakolunye uhlangothi ngabakhi benqubomgomo baseMelika ukumela inkambiso yendawo yonke kuyilapho eqinisweni - njengoba thina Ngibonile esibonelweni sase-Iraq engisishilo ngenhla - kukhona zonke izinhlobo zokushelela kanye nezindinganiso eziphindwe kabili ekusetshenzisweni kwamagama afana nelithi “ngokoqobo”, “pragmatism”, namanye amagama afana nelithi “izwe” kanye “nentando yeningi” adinga ukucatshangelwa kabusha okuphelele nokuhlolwa kabusha. . Iqiniso liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi lihlukahlukene ukuthi lingaziboleka kumafomula e-jejune njengokuthi "i-Iraq yentando yeningi evumelana nathi ingaholela". Ukucabanga okunjalo akukwazi ukumelana novivinyo lweqiniso. Izincazelo azibekwa kwelinye isiko kuye kwelinye njengoba nje ulimi olulodwa futhi isiko elilodwa lilodwa linemfihlo yokuthi izinto zenziwa kanjani ngempumelelo.
Njengama-Arabhu, ngingathumela, futhi njengabantu baseMelika sekuyisikhathi eside sivumela iziqubulo ezimbalwa ezinamacilongo mayelana nokuthi "thina" nendlela "yethu" yokwenza umsebenzi wezingxoxo, ukuphikisana nokushintshana. Okunye ukwehluleka okukhulu kwezihlakaniphi eziningi zama-Arab kanye naseNtshonalanga namuhla ukuthi ziye zamukela ngaphandle kwenkulumo-mpikiswano noma amagama acutshungulwayo anjengobuzwe kanye nentando yeningi, njengokungathi wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi lamagama asho ukuthini. IMelika namuhla ineziboshwa eziningi kunanoma yiliphi izwe emhlabeni; futhi inenani elikhulu lababulawa ukwedlula noma yiliphi izwe emhlabeni. Ukuze uqokwe njengomongameli, akudingekile ukuthi uwine ivoti elidumile kodwa kufanele usebenzise imali engaphezu kuka-$200 million. Lezi zinto ziphumelela kanjani ekuhlolweni “kwentando yeningi ekhululekile?”
Ngakho-ke kunokuba kube nemibandela yenkulumo-mpikiswano ihlelwe ngaphandle kokungabaza ngamagama ambalwa abudlabha njengokuthi “intando yeningi” nelithi “inkululeko” noma emicabangweni engahloliwe “yobuphekula”, “ukubuyela emuva” kanye “nokweqisa”, kufanele sicindezele ukuthola okuqine kakhulu, uhlobo lwengxoxo oludinga kakhulu lapho amagama achazwa ngemibono eminingi futhi ahlala ebekwe ezimweni zomlando ezibambekayo. Ingozi enkulu iwukuthi ukucabanga “komlingo” kwaseMelika u-Ã la Wolfowitz, uCheney, noBush kudluliswa njengendinganiso ephakeme kunazo zonke okufanele ilandelwe yibo bonke abantu nezilimi. Ngokubona kwami, futhi uma i-Iraq iyisibonelo esigqamile, ngakho-ke akumele sikuvumele lokho ukuthi kwenzeke ngaphandle kwenkulumo-mpikiswano enzima kanye nokuhlaziya okuhlolisisayo, futhi akumele sesabe ukukholelwa ukuthi amandla eWashington amangalisa ngendlela engenakuvinjwa. Futhi kuze kube manje mayelana neMpumalanga Ephakathi ingxoxo kumele ihlanganise ama-Arabhu namaSulumane nama-Israel namaJuda njengabahlanganyeli abalinganayo. Nginxusa wonke umuntu ukuthi ahlanganyele futhi angashiyi umkhakha wezindinganiso, izincazelo, namasiko engaphikiswa. Ngokuqinisekile abayona impahla yezikhulu ezimbalwa zaseWashington, njengoba nje beyisibopho sababusi abambalwa baseMpumalanga Ephakathi. Kunenkambu evamile yomsebenzi womuntu odaliwe futhi wadalwa kabusha, futhi alikho inani le-bluster yombuso elingake lifihle noma lenqabe lelo qiniso.
Ezinye izindatshana zika-Edward Said
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