Njengoba kujwayele ukwenza, abezindaba ezizimele basungule into entsha. Kokubili isiNgisi neSpanishi bayayibiza colectivos, futhi lawa maqoqo enzelwe ukuba abagibeli bezithuthuthu abangenangqondo, abanonya, abanyantisayo โabaphoqelelaโ uguquko futhi abambangela enkulu yodlame lwamanje. Abavimbeli bamaqembu aphikisayo bayizisulu ezingenacala zala maqoqo, okusobala ukuthi asebenzisana neNational Guard futhi esekelwa uhulumeni.
Imithombo yezindaba yangasese isebenzisa lo mqondo ukwenza idemoni amaqoqo wangempela eVenezuela; izinhlangano zezenhlalakahle - amaqoqo abesifazane, izinhlangano zomphakathi, imvelo kanye namaqoqo ezemfundo, amaqembu amasiko, abadwebi bezithombe ezidongeni njalonjalo; okuyinto nge-Chavismo ekhulile, yanda, futhi yahlangana ngokusekela okujwayelekile kwenguquko yaseBolivia.
Nali isampula lezihloko zezindaba nokuqukethwe okuphuma kwabezindaba zolimi lwesiNgisi, imidiya yolimi lwaseVenezuela kanye neSpanishi, kanye nasezinkundleni zokuxhumana:
Okuphakathi: โAmasosha asekela uhulumeni wezithuthuthu asabisa iVenezuela; 'ama-colectivos' asatshwa kabanzi angamasosha ombuso aphikisa ngokusobala".
I-USA namuhla: โU-Aveledo uthe uhulumeni kumele abambe amasosha akhe ahlomile, noma ama-colectivos, futhi aqede udlame olubhekiswe kubabhikishi.โ
I-Latin Post: โAma-'colectivos' aseVenezuela aqhubeka nezibhelu ezinodlame ezweni lonkeโฆ Esikhathini esedlule ama-colectivos ayenomthwalo wemfanelo wokuhlela imicimbi yomphakathi kanye nezamasiko ezindaweni ezimpofu zaseVenezuela ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaMongameli ongasekho u-Hugo Chรกvez iminyaka engu-14. Naphezu kwezenzo zabo zokusebenzela umphakathi, bagibele izithuthuthu behlome ngezibhamu futhi besabisa ababhikishi abanokuthula ababephikisana nohulumeni.โ
I-Huffington Post: โAmaqembu ezithuthuthu iPro-Maduro athusa abantu baseVenezuela โฆโAma-Colectivosโ aphinde avela ngaphansi kukaMongameli ongasekho u-Hugo Chavez njengabasekeli bemibonoโฆ ama-colectivos ahlome kahle โฆaphoqelela[e] intando โฆ kahulumeni wase-Bolivarianโฆahlukumeze ababhikishi abaphikisayo futhi ahlanganisa namavoti e-Socialist Party okhethweniโ.
AmaReuters: "[M]amaqembu aphansi aphikisayo abizwa ngokuthi โcolectivos"abazibona njengabavikeli be-revolutionary socialism kodwa abaphikisi babagxeka njengezigebengu".
I-Guardian: "Amasosha asekela uhulumeni we-Chavista aziwa ngokuthi ama-colectivosโฆ ama-colectivos โฆaphoqelela izinhlelo zikahulumeni zombusi [uChavez]โ. Isihloko sibe sesicaphuna umhlanganyeli wokuketula umbuso uLeopoldo Lopez njengegunya, โMaduro, wazi kahle ukuthi okwenzeke namuhla bekuyingxenye yohlelo lwakho. Abalimele nabashonile kungumthwalo wakho, โkusho uLรณpez kuTwitter. โIqiniso lisezithombeni nakumavidiyo athathwa abantu. Amacolectivo namaphoyisa yibona abadubule.โ
I-El Universal: "Amaqoqo agxekwe ukuba khona e-Colinas de Bello Monte โฆabagibeli bezithuthuthu bamaqoqo kanye namajephu e-PDVSA azungeza endaweni ukuze asabise ababhikishiโ.
El Nacional: โIzimoto ezingu-50 ezicekelwe โฆamaqoqo"Futhi"Amaqoqo angase ahileleke ekubulaweni kwabantu abangu-12"
Venezuela Al Dia, "Amaqoqo ePalaima asebenzisa abesifazane njengezihlangu ukuze babalekeโ
UMarti Noticias, "Ibhalansi [yokufa] ngamaqoqo"
La Verdad "Amaqoqo ashaya ubaba nendodana futhi kamuva abanikela kwa-GNB"
Reportero24 โUdlame: amaqoqo, ukuhleleka, kanye nokwesaba kwe-Chavista e-Venezuela"
Report Ya "Amaqoqo athumba u-Belinda Alvarado e-La Trinidad, amsabisa ngokumdlwengula"
Leopoldo Lopez, "Ingenziwa kanjani inkhulumomphendvulwano uma amaqoqo namasosha athileโฆ ehlasela izindlu nabesifazane asebekhulile nezingane [ngaphakathi]โ
Kukhona ne-wiki entsha esihlokweni use colectivos okubachaza ngokuthi "amaqembu aphikisayo" asekela uhulumeni kanye nenguquko, futhi ahlasele abaphikisi baseVenezuela. Yonke imithombo yezihloko ivela kulo nyaka, nokho ababhali bathi leli gama belisetshenziswa kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1960.
Inhloso yokusungula lo mbono kanye nokufaka amadimoni ezinhlanganweni zezenhlalakahle zaseVenezuela ukululaza izishoshovu, ukumisa uguquko (amaphutha nakho konke), nokuthethelela noma yiluphi udlame lwamanje noma oluzayo noma ingcindezelo kithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufaka amadimoni kwabahlukunyezwayo kwenza abantu bazizwe bengabantu noma kuvumela abahlukumezi babe semthethweni: izigaba ezikude, ezinodlame zabaphikisayo. Ukwenza amadimoni kudala isitha, kusenze sibe lula, kususe noma yisiphi isidingo sokuba yinkimbinkimbi, umongo, ukuhlaziya, noma ukuqonda.
The colectivos Igama lingene enkulumweni yokuphikisa kwaze kwaba yilapho abalandeli abaningi abazinikele besola noma yini embi noma enodlame โkumaqoqoโ, baze basebenzise โamaqoqoโ ukuze bathethelele udlame olwenziwa emigoqweni ephikisayo njengokuthi โukuzivikelaโ.
Lapho phambilini yonke into, ngisho nesomiso noma izenzo zamabhizinisi amakhulu, kwakuyiphutha likaChavez, manje kufanele kube โamaqoqoโ. Manje njengoba uChavez engasekho futhi abaphikisayo namanje abakakutholi ukunqoba kwabo okhethweni, sebebonile ukuthi akwanele ukubiza umongameli wamanje โngondlovukayiphikiswaโ futhi bamehliswe ngenxa yokuntula kwakhe imfundo yasenyuvesi esemthethweni, badinga ukudicilela phansi abantu abasebenzayo. nokuhlela abantu futhi. Ngoba abahambi.
Ukudlwengulwa kwamadimoni kweCuba kanye nokucwasa okuqondiswe kubantu baseCuba ngabaholi bamaqembu aphikisayo nabalandeli kuyingxenye yalokhu, nakuba kubuyela emuva esikhathini kunezinyanga ezimbili zokugcina zonya.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, amaqembu aphikisayo anobudlova ahlasela futhi acekele phansi izimpawu zenguquko yaseBolivarian: amathelevishini omphakathi, umsebenzi wezindlu (izolo), inkonzo yezemvelo, ama-ambulensi (namuhla eMerida), ezokuthutha zomphakathi, amaloli e-PDVSA (namuhla), avimbe imigwaqo ekulimeni. izindawo eziya emadolobheni ukuvimbela izimpahla ukuthi zingathuthwa (e-Bailadores), ukushisa amaloli okudla, nokunye okuningi. Inhloso yabo akukhona nje ukwesabisa, kodwa ukumisa izikhungo zikahulumeni nezinhlangano zezenhlalakahle ezingeni elibonakalayo ukuthi zingaqhubeki nezinye izinto. Imikhakha ephikisayo enodlame akubona abalimi, abashayeli bamabhasi, othisha, abakhiqizi banoma yini, abakhi, njll, ngakho abakwazi ukuteleka ukuze kumiswe izinto, bangasebenzisa izithiyo ezinodlame ukuze bavimbele abanye ukusebenza.
Ingxoxo: UFabricio Martorelli, iqoqo le-Tatuy TV
VA: Kwenzakalani colectivos empeleni kusho ukuthi eVenezuela, futhi amaqoqo avele kanjani kule minyaka eyishumi edlule?
UMartorelli: Igama elithi 'iqoqo' linokusetshenziswa okuhlukile, kodwa ngokuyisisekelo yinoma yikuphi ukuhlangana kwabantu abafuna ukuxazulula izimo ezithile abafana ngazo. Kukhona amaqoqo amakhulu namancane, kukhona abaphiko lwesokunxele nakwesokudla, bangalwela udaba olulodwa noma iphrojekthi yezepolitiki, futhi njengamanje maningi ahlose ukuphonsela inselelo imodeli yonxiwankulu. A ngokuhlanganyela iphinde ibhasi- iqoqo lezokuthutha zomphakathi.
Nakuba amaqoqo abelokhu ekhona- lapha, nakwamanye amazwe - kusukela abantu baqala ukuhlangana ukuze balwe ndawonye, โโbebelokhu bengabonakali futhi iziphakamiso zabo azinakwa. Kule minyaka eyishumi nane edlule e-Venezuela izinhlangano zezenhlalakahle ziye zaqashelwa, futhi amandla azo okuxazulula izinto ngokuhlanganyela kunendlela yomuntu ngamunye aseqalile.
Isitha somlando sibonile ukuthi ngale kukahulumeni kanye ne-PSUV kanye nezikhungo zomphakathi, ifa likaChavez ngumzabalazo osebenzayo kanye nengqondo yenhlangano ethandwayo (yabantu). Ngo-Chavez, amaqoqo omphakathi aqala ukuba nobunikazi obufanayo, ukwakha izixhumanisi komunye nomunye, kanye nemizabalazo yabo futhi - amalungelo abantu bomdabu, emiphakathi - yabonakala kakhulu. Uma sebefeze izimfuno ezithile, babezoqhubeka nokulwela ezinye izinhloso. Sebeqinile, yingakho ilungelo lifuna ukubenza amacala. Amaqembu anodlame anomyalezo wenzondo, ukwesaba, ukwesaba, futhi anobudlova kunoma ubani osongela amaphupho abo empilo entofontofo.
VA: Lenzani iqoqo lenu, futhi kube yini umthelela wesimo esikhona emsebenzini nasekuhleleni kwalo?
UMartorelli: ITatuy yisiteshi sikamabonakude somphakathi eMerida. Kuyiqoqo le abalingani abakhethe impi yabezindaba njengendawo yabo. Imithombo yezindaba yangasese isenze izilima, yasibusa, futhi sicabanga ukuthi ngokuxhumana singazifundisa futhi sizikhulule. U-Tatuy ufaka isandla kulokhu kanye namanye amaqoqo, futhi sixhunywe kwabaningi balabo nge-ALBA TV, inethiwekhi yomphakathi kanye nenye imidiya. Sibonisa lokho abezindaba abazimele abangeke bakwenze, lokho i-CNN engenzi.
Sekuyiminyaka eminingi umsebenzi wethu ululazwa, ngisho nawumphakathi noma abezindaba abasemthethweni. Kodwa esimweni samanje sikwazile ukwazisa izwe, ngisho nomhlaba wonke ngokwenzeka eMerida. Sithole ukwesekwa okukhulu, sike sabizwa ngomsakazo waseMexico, izinhlangano zase-Uruguay, futhi kwaba nokuqashelwa komsebenzi wethu. Kodwa ngisho noma esikhathini esizayo isimo esikhona manje siyahamba, sisafuna ukucatshangelwa, sithathwe ngokungathi sรญna njengoba sinjalo manje.
One umlingani yethu ayikwazi ukufika lapha [emahhovisi aseTatuy] ngenxa yezivimbelo, namanje. Uyasongelwa futhi nomakhelwane bakhe abanobudlova bayamazi ukuthi ungubani, ngakho usebenzela ekhaya futhi ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu. Ngesinye isikhathi, omunye wabathwebuli bethu wahlaselwa ababhikishi beqembu ngesikhathi ethwebula. Kodwa-ke, ngeke siyeke ukusebenza, umthwalo wethu emphakathini uwukuxhumana ngokwenzekayo.
Ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka besicabanga ukuthi kuzoba unyaka obalulekile ngoba ngaphandle kokhetho oluzayo, sizokwazi ukuba nomzabalazo wangaphakathi wokulwa nokuthambekela kwezinguquko kanye nokujulisa okuningi okuzuzwe yinguquko. Kodwa iqiniso lishintshile, sihlangene ukwenqaba ubufascism, futhi sekuwunyaka wokuzabalaza ne-fascism.
Ukube bekuphethe ama-fascists ngabe asikhulumi ngenqwaba yabantu abashonile kuze kube manje, ngabe sikhuluma izinkulungwane. Futhi lokho akuyona i-paranoia, lokho kuyiqiniso elingokomlando - sibone izibonelo e-Chile, e-Argentina ngaphansi kwalowo mbuso wobushiqela. Ngakho-ke inhloso yalokhu kukhishwa kwamadimoni kuwukuthethelela ukuqedwa kwethu uma la maqembu anodlame eqala ukubusa.
VA: Noma kunjalo, amanye amaqembu ahlomile athi asekela i-Chavismo akhona; bangobani, benzani, futhi bakhulu kangakanani?
UMartorelli: Kunenani elincane kakhulu labantu abahlelwe baba amaqoqo abazama ukubhekana nalesi simo [semigoqo, ubudlova, ukucekelwa phansi njll], ngezinye izikhathi besebenzisa amandla. Abantu bakhathele ukuba nezivimbamgwaqo. Khona lapha kuleli bhilidi kunamakilasi amabanga aphansi ngenxa yokuthi izingane azikwazi ukufinyelela esikoleni sazo. Kodwa amandla asetshenziswa yilo leli dlanzana labantu, izenzo abazenzayo ukususa imigoqo, azisoze zafaniswa nokuphulwa kwamalungelo abantu okwenziwa amaqembu aphikisayo anodlame. Lawo maqembu athathe izithombe ezimbalwa zalokhu [amandla asetshenziswa ngokumelene nemigoqo] futhi ashicilela lezo zithombe futhi azame ukudala umbono wokuthi wonke amaqoqo asekela i-Chavismo anobudlova. Kodwa empeleni, imibono yethu kanye nenhlangano yethu kuyizikhali zethu.
Kube nenkulumo-mpikiswano evulekile kanye nenkulumo-mpikiswano engokomlando phakathi kwesobunxele lapha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kube nokuvuthwa komzabalazo wezikhali. Kube nezigigaba eziningi, imizabalazo eminingi esemthethweni emelene nobushiqela eLatin America, ngezikhathi lapho umzabalazo womphakathi wawungavunyelwe [ukwenza umzabalazo wezikhali ube yimfuneko]. Kodwa kukhona abantu abambalwa lapha abangamele abasebenzi, abalimi, imikhakha ye-lumpen, njengoba uMarx angasho, abazama ukuthatha ubulungiswa ezandleni zabo, ngokwabo. Laba bantu babodwa, futhi siyakwenqaba ukuziphatha okunjalo, esimweni sethu lapho umbuso ungacindezeli. Kodwa abezindaba bazama ukuveza ukuthi sonke sifana nabo.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela
6 Amazwana
Sesha i-โcolectivos armadosโ ku-youtube futhi ufunde iSpanishi.
Ngikhuluma iSpanishi.
Funda ukuphendula ngokuhluzekile ezingxabanweni - nganoma yiluphi ulimi, futhi uyeke ukuqamba amanga kakhulu nangokubhuqa.
Angiqambi amanga โ nginemibono yami okungenzeka ukuthi ayilungile kodwa lokho kwehlukile.
Wena ngakolunye uhlangothi ungusheleni kuHulumeni ophatha u-49% wabantu bakhe njengezitha. Yeka inqubekelaphambili enkulu (engamangalisi) yenguquko yezenhlalakahle eminyakeni eyi-15 kamuva. Ukube umphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe ubungeke ubukele (njengoba akuzange kwenzeke ngawo-1920) ngabe sibulawa abantu abaningi.
Yebo, uqambe amanga nge-op-ed ka-Maduro, mayelana ne-CEPR kanye ne-VenezuelAnalysis.
http://zcomm-staging.work/zblogs/email-to-washington-post-editors-re-venezuela/#comment-3525
Manje usuqamba amanga nokuthi uqambe amanga
"Kepha kunabantu abambalwa lapha abangamele abasebenzi, abalimi, imikhakha eminingi, njengoba uMarx engasho, abazama ukwenza ubulungiswa ezandleni zabo, bodwa"
Ngakho-ke zikhona ngempela - kuhle ukuvuma iqiniso ekugcineni ngasekupheleni. Abantu bakhe imigoqo ngoba ama-byker ahlomile ayebesabisa (futhi kukhona amavidiyo aluhlaza we-youtube afakazela lokho) kodwa emhlabeni wakho osontekile, bakhe imigoqo ngaphandle kwesizathu esihle futhi abahamba ngezinyawo balandela. Lokhu bekungaba kuhle kakhulu ukube bekungadabuki kangako โ injani ishende likahulumeni le โntatheliโ.
โEzweni elisontekileโ likaLary ingubo yebhizinisi efana neReuters ebika evela eVenezuela kumele futhi ifakwe amashill kuhulumeni waseMaduro. Kungani ungabathumeli lawo mavidiyo e-YouTube owathole ephelele ngendlela emangalisayo?
http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/03/31/venezuela-protests-deaths-idINDEEA2U0C920140331