UBarack Obama ubenentshiseko njengoGeorge Bush ngokuphuca ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ezempilo kanye nokuphepha ngokuyalelwa yimboni, kuvele ukuthi.
Ezinye izinhlangano zezemvelo beziqala ukukusola lokhu, ngemuva kokuthi u-Obama ehlulele abeluleki bakhe besayensi futhi evimbe izindinganiso eziqinile ze-ozone. Manje, umbiko omusha [Pdf] kusukela ku-Centre for Progressive Reform bambe imininingwane ebalulekile eveza ukuthi i-White House ngesikhathi sika-Obama iye yakwamukela ukunxusa kwabashisekeli bemboni njengoba kwakunjalo ngesikhathi sikaBush. Futhi idlulela ngale kwe-ozone.
Ngaphansi kuka-Obama, ikhoneni elincane elaziwayo le-White House - elaziwa ngeHhovisi Le-White House Lolwazi Nezindaba Zokulawula, noma i-Oira - lishintshe ngaphezu kwama-80% wemithetho ehlongozwe yi-Ejensi Yokuvikela Imvelo.
Akukho kulokhu okube yizinguquko ezinhle, kusho umbiko.
"Lonke ucwaningo olulodwa lokusebenza kwayo, okuhlanganisa nalolu, lubonisa ukuthi i-Oira isebenza njengendlela eyodwa, iqeda ukuvikelwa ochwepheshe be-ejensi abanqume ukuthi kuyadingeka ngaphansi kwemithetho enemininingwane eminingi, elandelayo iminyaka - ngisho namashumi eminyaka - yomsebenzi."
I-Oira yasungulwa yiCongress ngenhloso yokwenza ukubuyekezwa kokugcina kwemithetho kahulumeni ukuze kubonakale ukuthi izosebenza kanjani uma isiqalile ukusebenza. Induna yayo njengamanje nguCass Sunstein, umngani ka-Obama ezinsukwini zakhe efundisa eHarvard Law School.
Empeleni, abagxeki bathi leli hhovisi lisebenza njengomshini wokubhidliza indawo eyodwa oqeda ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ezempilo, kanye nokuphepha kwabasebenzi okungadala izinkinga zezepolitiki e-White House.
Lapho ukunxenxa iCongress kanye nomongameli behluleka ukubambezela noma ukwenza buthaka umthethonqubo, imboni ifundile eminyakeni edlule ukuthi i-Oira ingaba yindlela yabo yokugcina engcono kakhulu, kusho umbiko.
โInqwaba yabashisekeli bemboniโabavela izikhathi ezingaba ngu-3,760 phakathi nenkathi yeminyaka eyishumi esiyifundayoโbasebenzisa i-OIRA njengenkantolo yokugcina lapho behluleka ukukholisa ochwepheshe ezikhungweni ezifana ne-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), iFood and Drug. I-Administration (FDA), kanye ne-Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) ukuze yenze buthaka imithethonqubo elindile."
Ama-lobbyists ayekhathazeke kakhulu ngokuzama ukuhlehlisa ukuvikelwa kwemvelo. Abaphathi bezinkampani nabamele izimboni bafika e-White House cishe kanye ngesonto kule minyaka eyishumi edlule bezama ukubambezela noma ukwenza buthaka imithetho ye-EPA, noma imihlangano engaphezu kuka-440.
Ukulandelana okuqhubekayo kwabashisekeli bemboni kawoyela namalahle e-Oira akuzange kuphele lapho uBush eshiya isikhundla - ngokungangabazeki kwaphenduka isikhukhula. Imithethonqubo yezemvelo yakha u-10% kuphela webhizinisi le-Oira ngesikhathi sikaBush, kodwa u-36% webhizinisi lehhovisi wawuhlangana nabameleli bangaphandle.
Ngaphansi kuka-Obama, u-Oira unikele ngaphezu kwengxenye yemihlangano yakhe, i-51%, ukudingida imithetho elindile yezemvelo nabamele imboni, kusho umbiko.
Futhi embonini imihlangano yaba nezithelo - cishe okuningi ngaphansi kuka-Obama njengangaphansi kukaBush. Ngemva kwaleyo mihlangano nabangaphandle, u-Oira washintsha ama-84% emithetho ye-EPA ngesikhathi sikaBush. Kuya ngokuthi ubala kanjani, izinga lokushintsha beliphezulu kakhulu ngaphansi kuka-Obama. U-Oira ushintshe u-81% wemithetho yezemvelo ngemva kwemihlangano nabameleli. Kodwa izinga loshintsho likhuphukela ku-85% uma zonke izinqumo ze-Oira mayelana nemithetho yezemvelo sezifakiwe.
U-Oira awenzi amarekhodi omphakathi aleyo mihlangano.
Ingabe likhona ithuba lokuthi u-Obama akazi ukuthi u-Oira wenzani? URena Steinzor, uprofesa wezomthetho e-University of Maryland obhale lo mbiko, akacabangi kanjalo. Uphawula ukuthi uSunstein ungumngani wesikhathi eside ka-Obama, osekuphele iminyaka emelene nemithetho kahulumeni.
U-Obama kuzodingeka abe ngumnikazi walezo zinqumo - kanye nokwehluleka ukufeza izithembiso zakhe zokhetho lwango-2008 zokuphatha uhulumeni owathatha izinqumo ezisekelwe kwisayensi nobungcweti, hhayi ukubala kwezepolitiki.
โKithina lokhu kuwukuchezuka okukhulu kulokho esathenjiswa ngesikhathi kukhethwa lo mengameli,โ kusho uSteinzor. "Ngokwemisebenzi ephusile esikufunayo wukuthi ochwepheshe bathathe izinqumo ezinhlakeni zikahulumeni - ongoti be-toxicologists, odokotela bezingane, izazi ze-geologists. Yilokho uhulumeni wesimanje okufanele abe ngakho, angabi nezinqumo ezithathwa yihhovisi elingekho. iphendule ngalokho ekwenzayo."
Uqhube wathi: "Lokho u-Obama ayekusho kithina, okwakusho ukuba ngumongameli oguquguqukayo ukuthi abagqugquzeli ngeke besakwazi ukulawula uhulumeni. Besiyophumela obala uma kunephutha. Sizophatha ubumongameli obala futhi sizoba nemithetho evikelayo. Ngokungangabazeki kuleli cala asikaze sikuthole kwalokhu futhi kuyadumaza. "
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