Ubizwa ngokufanelekile ngokuthi โUmhlaba Empini,โ umbiko we-UN ubiza izimpi noshushiso njengabashayeli bokuxoshwa kwabantu ngenkani. Cishe izigidi ezingu-14 kwezingu-59.5 izigidi zingabantu abasanda kufuduka onyakeni odlule, kanti isilinganiso sabantu abangu-42,500 baba ababaleki, abafuna indawo yokukhosela, noma abaxoshwa ngaphakathi nsuku zonke ngenxa yezingxabano zezempi. Impi yombango yeminyaka emine eSyria idalile. Ababaleki abayizigidi eziyi-11.6, okunikeza iSyria udumo olubi lokuba yizwe elihamba phambili lomthombo wababaleki. ITurkey, engumakhelwane neSyria enyakatho, isiphenduke indawo yababaleki abaningi kunabo bonke emhlabeni enababaleki abacishe babe yizigidi ezi-2 ngaphakathi kwemingcele yayo. Ngenxa yokuqhubeka kuhlasela iPalestine yi-Israel, balinganiselwa ezigidini ezi-5 ababaleki basePalestine ababhaliswe ne-ejensi ehlukile ye-U.N., i-UNRWA, eWest Bank, eGaza, eJordani, eSyria naseLebanon.
Yize impi nokushushiswa ngokuvamile kuqondwa njengamandla ayinhloko okufuduka, amandla odlame lwezomnotho, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nodlame lobulili konke nakho kubangela ukufuduka. Ukuphoqelelwa kokwenziwa kwangasese kanye nokukhululwa kabusha kokulinywa kokuziphilisa kuholele ekulahlekelweni komhlaba wasemaphandleni ezigidini, ikakhulukazi abalimi besifazane, kulo lonke elase-Asia, e-Afrika, naseNingizimu neMelika Ephakathi. Nakuba umbiko we-U.N. , ucwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwa yi-International Consortium of Investigative Journalists kanye ne-Huffington Post luthole ukuthi kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, amaphrojekthi axhaswe yiBhange Lomhlaba ngezimali noma ngokwezomnotho asusa abantu abayizigidi ezingu-3.4 ezindaweni zabo, ebaphoqa ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo, bathathe umhlaba wabo noma balimaze indlela yabo yokuziphilisa.
Ngokwezibalo ze-American Association for the Advancement of Science, ngonyaka ka-2020 kuyoba nababaleki besimo sezulu abayizigidi ezingu-50. Ngemva kosuku umbiko we-UN mayelana nokufuduka, uPapa uFrancis ukhiphe incwadi yakhe ephathelene nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu lapho eveza khona ukuxhumana phakathi kwesimo sezulu, i-capitalist, kanye nezinkinga zokufuduka. Uyabhala:
โAbampofu abaningi bahlala ezindaweni ezikhahlanyezwe kakhulu yizimo ezihambisana nokufudumala, futhi indlela yabo yokuphila incike kakhulu eziqiwini zemvelo nasezinhlelweni zemvelo ezifana nezolimo, ukudoba kanye namahlathi ... kube nokunyuka okudabukisayo kwenani labantu abafudukayo abafuna imvelo. ukubalekela ubumpofu obukhulayo obubangelwa ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo. Abaqashelwa yizivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe njengababaleki; bathwala ukulahlekelwa ukuphila kwabo abakushiyile, ngaphandle kokujabulela noma isiphi isivikelo esingokomthetho. Ngokudabukisayo, abantu abaningi abanandaba nokuhlupheka okunjalo, okwenzeka ngisho namanje emhlabeni wonke.โ
I-Border Militarization
โuphule ulwandle phakathi ukuze ube lapha. nje ungahlangani nalutho olufunayo"
โ Nayyirah Waheed
Naphezu kwenganekwane ethandwayo yokubonisa umusa kwababaleki emhlabeni wonke, amaphesenti angu-86 ababaleki empeleni asemazweni aseNingizimu yomhlaba wonke. Nokho ezinye zezinqubomgomo eziqine kakhulu zokuphoqelela ukugcinwa kwemingcele - okubangelwa ukwesatshwa kwezinhlanga okunesikhathi eside kwabafuduki abansundu nabamnyama - kwenziwa amazwe aseNyakatho yomhlaba wonke. elinye lamajele akhula ngokushesha emhlabeni jikelele. ECanada, isiboshwa sabokufika esigcinwe esikhungweni esivikeleke kakhulu sashona ngoJuni 11 esibhedlela sendawo ngemuva kokuvinjwa ngamaphoyisa. Sekube okungenani abantu abangu-11 abashonile abagcinwe ezitokisini zabokufika eCanada kusukela ngo-2000. Kuleli sonto e-Arizona abangaphezu kuka-200 ababoshiwe e-Eloy Detention Centre baqale isiteleka sokulamba ngenxa yokushona kukaJose de Jesus Deniz-Sahagun, owashaywa. ngonogada. E-US, bangu-106 abantu asebeshonile ezikhungweni zokuvalelwa kwabokufika kusukela ngo-2003, futhi kusukela ngo-1998, bangaphezu kuka-6,000 abokufika abashonile bezama ukuwela umngcele wase-US-Mexico.
Isazi sokuma komhlaba uReece Jones ubhala ukuthi amazwe amathathu ewodwa, okuhlanganisa i-U.S. kanye ne-Israel, akhe izindonga ezingaphezu kwamamayela angu-3,500 emingceleni yawo. Ingxenye elinganiselwa kuhhafu yabo bonke abantu abafudukisiwe yizingane kanti ingxenye yalezi zingane - cishe izingane ezingama-50,000 - ezihamba njengezingane ezingaphelezelwa ikakhulukazi zisuka eHonduras, eGuatemala, nase-El Salvador baboshwa emngceleni we-US-Mexico ngonyaka owedlule. Amanye amazwe, njengalawo eNtshonalanga Yurophu, baphushele umngcele wabo ngaphandle ukuze bakhe โiFortress Europe.โ I-EU yachitha cishe amabhiliyoni a-US$2.2 phakathi kuka-2007-2013 ukuze iqinise imingcele yayo yangaphandle ngokugada amasosha asolwandle. Amasu anjalo โokuvimbela ngokuvimbelaโ athole ukulahlwa emhlabeni wonke, njengoba i-Amnesty International imemezela, โIzinhlekelele zabantu ezenzeka nsuku zonke emingceleni yaseYurophu azinakugwenywa, futhi azikho ngaphezu kokulawulwa yi-EU. Eziningi zenziwa yi-EU. Amazwe angamalungu e-EU ekugcineni kufanele aqale ukubeka abantu ngaphambi kwemingcele. โ
I-International Organization for Migration iqophe ukufa kwabantu abangu-40,000 okuhlobene nokufuduka emhlabeni wonke kusukela ngo-2000. Kusukela ngalowo nyaka, bangaphezu kuka-22,000 abafuduki abalahlekelwe izimpilo zabo bezama ukufinyelela eYurophu. Ngonyaka wezi-2014 kuphela, bangaphezu kuka-3,000 abafuduki abashona eMedithera, kanti kulo nyaka abangaphezu kuka-800 bashonela ogwini lwaseLibya engozini eyingozi yesikebhe ngo-Ephreli.
Muva nje, abanye osopolitiki base-Europe baphakamise ukusebenza kwezempi ukuze kuvinjwe futhi kucekelwe phansi izikebhe ezithutha abafuduki kanye nababaleki ogwini lwaseLibya. Ngokuhlanekezela, lokhu kungenelela kwakufanelekele njengokunikeza usizo ukuze kubhekiswe kubashushumbisi, abathathwa njengabahwebi bezigqila banamuhla. Amakhulu ezazi azibekela inselele ngokushesha le nkulumo eqhubekayo, ebhala: โUkuzama ukuqeda [ukushushumbiswa kwabantu] ngebutho lezempi akukhona ukuthatha ukuma okuhle ngokumelene nobubi bobugqila, noma ngisho nokumelana โnokushushumbiswaโ. Kumane kuwukuqhubekisela phambili isiko elide lapho izifundazwe, kuhlanganise nezigqila zekhulu le-18 nele-19, zisebenzisa ubudlova ukuze zivimbele amaqembu athile abantu ukuba ahambe ngokukhululeka.โ Ngempela, izinqubomgomo zokulwa nempi emngceleni zenza uhambo lwabafuduki lube yingozi futhi lube yingozi. Izidumbu ezishaya ogwini kanye namabhamuza ogwadule zingase zicele ukuzwelana nezingxoxo zamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nokuthi "ungaphatha" kanjani abantu abashonile, kodwa akuvamile ukuthi zivuse umuzwa wethu wokusebenzisana kanye nesibopho sokufuduka kanye nokufa kwabafuduki. Isazi sokuma komhlaba uMary Pat Brady sichaza ukufa kwabafuduki โnjengohlobo lwesijeziso sokufaโ lapho โabafuduki beye babekwa icala ngokufanele ngokufa kwabo siqu.โ
Akukona nje ukuqondana ukuthi inani labantu abashona kwamanye amazwe likhula minyaka yonke, noma kwenzeka nhlobo. Abafuduki bafela emingceleni nasezikhungweni zokuboshwa ngenxa yokuthi imingcele yamasosha kanye nezinqubomgomo zokungena ngaphandle kwenzelwe ukwenza imizimba yabo, uhambo kanye nesintu sibe sengozini futhi sisebenziseke.
U-Harsha Walia (@HarshaWalia) uyisishoshovu nomlobi waseNingizimu Asia ozinze eVancouver, ezindaweni ezingavunyelwe ze-Indigenous Coast Salish Territories e-Canada. Ube neminyaka engu-15 ebambe iqhaza emikhankasweni yobulungisa bokufika emazingeni aphansi, abesifazane, abacwasa ngokwebala, ubumbano bomdabu, abamelene nonxiwankulu kanye nama impiriyali. Ungumbhali we Ukuhlehlisa i-Border Imperialism.