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Umthombo: Glenn Greenwald
Ukuthethelela ukulahlekelwa kuka-Hillary Clinton ngo-2016 kuDonald Trump, ehola amaDemocrats kanye nabalingani bawo abakhulu bemithombo yezindaba iminyaka eminingi bancintisana ukuze babonise lokho abakubiza ngokuthi "ukugxambukela kweRussia okhethweni lwethu" ngamagama angenangqondo kakhulu. Bawenqaba ngokwedlulele umbono weRussian Federation ovezwe kaningi nguMongameli Obama - ukuthi i amandla esifunda abuthakathaka ngomnotho omncane kune-Italy ekwazi ukusongela omakhelwane bayo kuphela kodwa hhayi i-US - futhi esikhundleni salokho ibeke iMoscow njengethuna, ngisho nokuba khona, usongo lwentando yeningi yase-US, ngezenzo zayo ezifana nokwephulwa kwezokuphepha okubi kakhulu emlandweni wase-US.
Le mania yangemva kuka-2016 yafinyelela umvuthwandaba ngosopolitiki abavelele nezintatheli (kanye noJohn McCain) ukumemezela imisebenzi yaseRussia ezungeze i-2016 "njengesenzo sempi" abaningi babo ababephikelela ngokuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa nePearl Harbor kanye nokuhlasela kwe-9/11 - ukuhlasela okubili okubuhlungu kakhulu emlandweni wanamuhla wase-US kokubili okudale iminyaka yempi enonya necekela phansi, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
USen. Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH) efunwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi "ukugxambukela" kweRussia 2016 kuthathwe "njengesenzo sempi." Hillary Clinton kuchazwe Ukugebenga kweRussia njengokuthi "i-cyber 9/11." Futhi nangu uMmeli uJerry Nadler (D-NY) ku-MSNBC ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, 2018, ebiza iRussia โamandla angaphandle anobuthaโ okugxambukela kwawo ngo-2016 โkwakulinganaโ ne-Pearl Harbor, โokuhambisana kakhuluโ โnobucayi. โ sokuhlasela kwango-1941 eHawaii okwasiza ekuqhubekiseni iminyaka emine i-U.S. ihileleke empini yezwe.
Njengoba amaDemocrats, ngaphansi kukaJoe Biden, sekusele amasonto ambalwa ukuthi alawule i-White House kanye nenqubomgomo yamasosha ase-US kanye nezangaphandle ehambisana nayo, inkulumo yabo kanye nabalingani babo bemithombo yezindaba ngeRussia iya ngokuya iba yingozi futhi iyingozi. Isibopho seMoscow okusolwa ukuthi sinesibopho sokugebenga okusanda kuvezwa, okunezinhlangothi eziningi kwezinhlaka zikahulumeni wase-US kanye namaseva ezinkampani ehlukahlukene kuyagonyelwa - naphezu kobufakazi obuncane, obungakavezwa - hhayi nje iqiniso elifakazelwe, kodwa njengoba kuyiqiniso ngokusobala ukuthi ivinjelwe ekungabazeni noma ekubuzeni.
Noma yikuphi ukubuzwa ngalesi simangalo kuzohlanjalazwa ngaso leso sikhathi abakhulumeli bemithombo yezindaba yezempi yamaDemocrats njengokuvukela umbuso okungokoqobo. โManje umongameli akathuli nje ngeRussia nokugebenga. Uvikela ngamabomu i-Kremlin ngokuphikisana noNobhala wakhe Wezwe mayelana nomthwalo wemfanelo waseRussia, " kubizwe Intatheli yezokuphepha kuzwelonke ye-CNN uJim Sciutto, owathi ngeviki eledlule eliveziwe Imizamo kaTrump yokuhoxa amasosha eSyria naseJalimane โnjengendawo yokulahlaโ futhi enikeza โiziphoโ kuPutin. Okushaqisayo nakakhulu, kokubili inkulumo-ze yokuchaza ukugebenga kanye nokuziphindiselela okusongelwayo kuphuma ekulawuleni ngokushesha.
Amademokhrasi (kanye namanye amaRiphabhlikhi ahlala ematasatasa nge-The Russian Threat, njengoMitt Romney) asakaza izinsolo zakamuva zokugebenga okwenziwe yiMoscow ngamagama amnandi kakhulu, aqinisekisa ukuthi uBiden uzongena eWhite House nokungezwani okukhulu neRussia futhi abhekane nayo. ukucindezela okunzima ukuziphindiselela ngobudlova. Abeluleki abaphezulu bezokuphepha kuzwelonke be-Biden futhi manje uBiden uqobo, ngaphandle kobufakazi obukhonjisiwe emphakathini, besabise kaningi ngokuziphindiselela okunonya ezweni nge-nuclear yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni.
UCongressman Jason Crow (D-CO) - ongomunye wamaDemocrats aphikisana nempi eKomidini Lezinsiza Zezempi eHouse Armed Services ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka. uhlanganyele no-Rep. Liz Cheney (R-WY) ukuvimba uhlelo lukaTrump lokuhoxisa amasosha e-Afghanistan - kumemezela: "lolu kungaba usuku lwethu lwesimanje, okulingana inthanethi nePearl Harbor," engeza: "Isizwe sakithi siyahlaselwa." ISenate Democrat esendaweni yesibili, uDick Durbin (D-IL), kubizwe: "Lesi cishe isimemezelo sempi esenziwa yiRussia."
Khonamanjalo, uSen. Mitt Romney (R-UT), osekuphele iminyaka ebeka iRussia njengosongo olukhulu e-U.S. ngenkathi amaDemocrats emhleka usulu njengensalela yeMpi Yomshoshaphansi (ngaphambi kokuthi bakopishe bese bemedlula), ichaze ukugebenga kwakamuva "njengokulingana namabhomu aseRussia andiza engabonwa ezweni lonke." Oqokwe njengomongameli we-GOP ngo-2012 uphinde wagxeka uTrump ngokwehluleka kwakhe "ukukhuluma ngendluzula nokubhikisha nokuthatha izinyathelo zokujezisa," nakuba - cishe wonke umuntu ovelele efuna "ukuziphindiselela" kanzima - uRomney wehlulekile ukucacisa ukuthi yini abecabanga ukuthi kuzoba ukuziphindiselela okwanele โkokulingana namabhomu aseRussia andiza engabonwa ezweni lonke.โ
Kulabo abagcina ithrekhi ekhaya: leyo "iPearl Harbors" ehlukene emibili esikhathini esingaphansi kweminyaka emine ukusuka eMoscow (noma, uma uthanda, iPearl Harbor eyodwa kanye ne-9/11 eyodwa). Uma amaDemocrats ekukholelwa lokho ngempela, kunengqondo ukuthi azokulangazelela ukwamukela inqubomgomo yokulwa nobudlova eRussia. Abaningi babo bafuna lokhu ngokusobala, begcona uTrump ngokwehluleka ukuhlasela iRussia - yize kungekho bufakazi bokuthi babenecala - ngenkathi yabo. umhlambi okhululekile oqeqeshwe kahle is ukuphakamisa ukuthi ukungaphenduli kwakha uhlobo oluthile โlokuvukela umbuso okukhulu.โ
Impela, iqembu leBiden belikhombisa ukuthi lihlose ukufeza ngokushesha izimfuno zokuziphindiselela okunolaka. I-New York Times kubikwe ngoLwesibili ukuthi uBiden "usole uMongameli uTrump [] 'ngokubukela phansi okungenangqondo'" ngokugebenga ngenkathi "exwayisa iRussia ukuthi angeke ikuvumele ukungena "kungaphendulwa" ngemuva kokungena esikhundleni." UBiden ugcizelele ukuthi uma ukuhlolwa kobuhlakani sekuqediwe, "sizophendula, futhi mhlawumbe siphendule ngohlobo."
Izinsongo nokuziphindiselela phakathi kwe-U.S. neRussia zihlala ziyingozi, kodwa ikakhulukazi manje. Esinye sezivumelwano ezibalulekile zezikhali zenuzi phakathi kwamazwe amabili ahlome ngezikhali zenuzi, isivumelwano esisha se-START, izophelelwa yisikhathi ngoFebhuwari ngaphandle uma uPutin noBiden bengaxoxisana ngempumelelo ngokuvuselelwa kabusha: ezinsukwini eziyishumi nesithupha ngemuva kokuthi iBiden ihlelelwe ukuthatha izintambo. "Lokho kuzophoqa uMnu Biden ukuthi enze isivumelwano sokuvimbela usongo olulodwa - umjaho wezikhali zenuzi - ngesikhathi esifanayo esabisa ngokuziphindiselela komunye," kuphawula Izikhathi.
Le nkulumo ekhulayo kusuka eWashington mayelana neRussia, kanye nesimo sezulu esibangelwa ukungezwani okuphezulu, kuyingozi kakhulu. Zisekelwe futhi ezinganekwaneni eziningi, inkohliso namanga:
Okokuqala, abukho ubufakazi banoma yiluphi uhlobo olwethuliwe ukuze kuphakanyiswe, kungasaphathwa ukufakazela, ukuthi iRussia inesibopho salezi zigebengu. Akunakusho ukuthi kusobala ukuthi iRussia ibingakwenza lokhu: wuhlobo lwento wonke amandla amakhulu ukusuka eChina nase-Iran kuya e-US naseRussia abe namandla okwenza futhi asebenzise cishe wonke amanye amazwe kubandakanya elinye nelinye.
Kodwa uma kungekho okunye esikufundile emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, kufanele sazi ukuthi ukwamukela izimangalo ezivela emphakathini wezobunhloli base-U.S. mayelana nezitha ngaphandle kwengxenye yobufakazi kuwumsangano wezinga eliphezulu. Sisanda kuba nesikhumbuzo esicacile sokubaluleka kwalo mthetho: emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokhetho, inqwaba yemithombo yezindaba evamile yahlambalaza futhi yagunyaza isimangalo esingamanga sokuthi imibhalo evela kwi-laptop kaHunter Biden. Kwakuyi-"disinformation yaseRussia," kuphela ukuze izikhulu zivume uma umonakalo sewenziwe ukuthi abukho ubufakazi - zero - bokubandakanyeka kweRussia.
Kodwa yilokho kanye okwenziwa yinqwaba yemithombo yezindaba futhi: ukugomela ukuthi iRussia ingemuva kwalezi zigebengu yize ingenabo ubufakazi beqiniso layo. I-New York Times' UMichael Barbaro, umphathi wephepha elidumile Isolezwe i-podcast, kubuza uzakwabo, intatheli yezokuphepha kuzwelonke uDavid Sanger, yibuphi ubufakazi obukhona bokuthi iRussia ikwenzile lokhu. Njengoba uBarbaro ekubeka, ngisho noSanger "uvumela ukuthi iziphetho zakuqala zingaba zingalungile, kodwa lokho kuyangabazeka." Ngempela, uSanger uvumile kuBarbaro ukuthi abanabo ubufakazi, wagomela ngokuthi isisekelo athembele kuso ukuthi iRussia inobuhlakani bokwenza ubugebengu obunjalo (njengezinye izizwe eziningi), kanye nokusho ukuthi ukugebenga. unalokho akubiza ngokuthi โizimpawuโ zabaduni baseRussia.
Kodwa leli qhinga lalifana nse esetshenziswa yilabo ababeyizikhulu zezobunhloli, okunanelwa yile mithombo yezindaba efanayo, ukusabalalisa isimangalo esingamanga sangaphambi kokhetho sokuthi imibhalo evela kwi-laptop ka-Hunter Biden "yayiyi-Russian disinformation": okungukuthi, basho ku-lockstep, izinto eziphuma kwi-laptop ka-Hunter "zinazo zonke izimpawu zakudala zesiRashiya. ukusebenza kolwazi.โ Leli futhi bekuyisu elifanayo ncamashi elasetshenziswa umphakathi wezobunhloli wase-U.S. ngo-2001 ukusola i-Iraq ngamanga ngokuhlaselwa kwe-anthrax, bethi ukuhlaziya kwabo amakhemikhali kwembula into โeyayiwuphawu lohlelo lwezikhali zebhayoloji e-Iraqi.โ
Le mithombo yezindaba, uma icindezelwa, izovuma ukuntula kwabo ubufakazi bokuthi iRussia yakwenza lokhu. Naphezu kwalokhu kuntuleka kobufakazi okuvunyiwe, izitolo zezindaba zisho ngokuphindaphindiwe isibopho saseRussia njenge iqiniso elifakazelwe.
"Ububanzi Bokugetshengwa KwaseRussia Buya Obala: Izinkampani Eziningi Zase-US Zashaywa," one New York Times isihloko kumenyezelwe, futhi umugqa wokuqala waleso sihloko, owabhalwa kanye nguSanger, washo ngokucacile: โUbubanzi be ukugebenga okwenziwe ngomunye waseRussia izikhungo zophiko lwezobunhloli ziye zacaca ngoMsombuluko.โ The Washington Post wakhukhula umphakathi ezinezihloko ezifanayo ezifanayo:
Akekho kuhulumeni oke waqiniseka kangako ekuqinisekiseni umthwalo wemfanelo waseRussia njengemithombo yezindaba yebhizinisi. Ngisho noNobhala Wezwe kaTrump, uMike Pompeo, waqamba icala lakhe ngokumelene neMoscow ngezixwayiso nokungaqiniseki: "Ngicabanga ukuthi kunjalo lokho manje esingakusho ngokucacile ukuthi kwakungabantu baseRussia ababehlanganyela kulo msebenzi.โ
Uma ekugcineni kuvela ubufakazi bangempela obubonisa umthwalo wemfanelo waseRussia, ngeke kushintshe ukuthi kuyingozi kangakanani lokho - ngaphansi kweminyaka engamashumi amabili ngemuva kwe-Iraq WMD debacle futhi ngaphansi kweminyaka embalwa ngemva kokugunyazwa kwabezindaba. amanga eRussiagate angapheli - imithombo yezindaba enethonya elikhulu iyaqhubeka nokudayisa ngokungacabangi njengeQiniso noma ngabe yini umphakathi wezobunhloli abaphakela ngayo, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokubona noma yibuphi ubufakazi bokuthi abakushoyo kuyiqiniso ngempela. Okwethusa nakakhulu ukuthi imikhakha emikhulu yomphakathi ehlonipha lezi zitolo isaqhubeka nokukholelwa ukuthi lokho ekuzwa kuzo kufanele kube yiqiniso, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikudambisa kangaki lokho kuthenjwa. Ukukhululeka i-CIA engasabalalisa ngayo noma yimiphi imilayezo eyifunayo ngemithombo yezindaba enobungane kuyamangaza.
Okwesibili, wona kanye umqondo wokuthi lokhu kugebenga kungaqhathaniswa nezenzakalo ezimbi nezingalawuleki njengePearl Harbor noma ukuhlasela kwe-9/11 uhlekwa ngokuphelele ebusweni bawo. Umuntu kufanele acwile emalini engapheli yokuzikhohlisa ukuze akholelwe ukuthi lokhu kugebenga - noma, ngaleyo ndaba, "ukuphazamiseka okhethweni" lwango-2016 - ukuchezuka okukhulu ezinkambisweni zamazwe ngamazwe ngokumelene nokubonakaliswa kwazo okuphelele.
Njengoba nje kwakunjalo ngamakhasi mbumbulu ka-Facebook kanye nama-bots e-Twitter ka-2016, akulona ihaba ukusho ukuthi uHulumeni wase-US ubandakanyeka ekuhlaselweni ngokugebenga kwalolu hlobo, futhi okuhlasele kakhulu, ngokumelene nawo wonke amazwe emhlabeni, kuhlanganise neRussia, isisekelo samasonto onke. Lokho akusho ukuthi lolu hlobo lokugebenga lufanelekile noma alunabulungiswa. Nokho, kusho ukuthi ukusichaza njengesenzo esibi kakhulu nesinokuziphatha okubi ngokungenakuqhathaniswa esidinga ukuziphindiselela okukhulu kudinga izinga elithile lokungabi nangqondo nokuthatheka okudidayo ukusibona.
Ukubika kwe-NSA okunikwe amandla ngu-Edward Snowden kukodwa kufakazele ukuthi i-NSA iyahlola cishe noma ubani engakwenza. Impela, ngemuva kokubukeza inqolobane ngo-2013, ngenza isinqumo sokuthi ngeke ngibike ngama-hacks ase-US amazwe amakhulu ayizitha njengeChina neRussia ngoba kwakuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba ukuthi wonke lawa mazwe agebengulene ngendlela enolaka nangokugxambukela. babekwazi ukuthi kwakungafaneleki neze ukubika ngalokhu (okukodwa kuphela kwaba lapho kunesizathu esikhulu sokubheka ubunhloli obunjalo njengobufanele izindaba ngokuzimele, njengokuthi Ukubambisana kweSweden ne-NSA ukuhlola iRussia ngokwephula ngokuqondile ukuphika izikhulu zaseSweden ezikuvezile emphakathini wabo).
Ezinye izitolo zezindaba ezazikwazi ukufinyelela imibhalo ye-Snowden, ikakhulukazi I-New York Times, abazange bacishe babe bukhali ekuvezeni inhloli yase-U.S. izitha ezinkulu zezwe. Ngenxa yalokho, kunobufakazi obanele obushicilelwe yilezo zitolo (ngezinye izikhathi ezivusa ukuphikisa okuqinile kuka-Snowden) ukuthi i-US yenza khona kanye lokho okusolwa ukuthi iRussia ikwenzile lapha - futhi kubi kakhulu.
"Nanjengoba i-United States yaphumela obala ngobungozi bokuthenga kuHuawei [yaseChina], imibhalo ehlukanisiwe ikhombisa ukuthi i-National Security Agency yayizakhela eyayo iminyango - ngqo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana zikaHuawei," kubika I-New York Times' UDavid Sanger noNicole Perlroth ngonyaka ka-2013, bengeza ngokuthi "le nhlangano ingene kumaseva endlunkulu evaliwe yakwaHuawei eShenzhen, inhliziyo yezimboni yaseChina."
Ngo 2013, i-Guardian embule "Umzamo we-NSA wokulalela umholi waseRussia, u-Dmitry Medvedev, njengoba izingcingo zakhe zidlula izixhumanisi zesathelayithi eziya eMoscow," futhi wengeza: "osopolitiki bangaphandle nezikhulu ezibambe iqhaza ezimbili. G20 Imihlangano emikhulu eLondon ngo-2009 amakhompyutha abo aqashwa futhi izingcingo zabo zabanjwa ngokwemiyalelo yohulumeni baseBrithani.โ Ngaleso sikhathi, "iSweden ibinguzakwethu obalulekile we-United States ekuhloleni iRussia nobuholi bayo, kusho umabonakude waseSweden ngoLwesine," kwaphawula iReuters, ecaphuna lokho omunye umbhalo we-NSA wakuchaza ngokuthi โiqoqo eliyingqayizivele lezihloso zaseRussia eziza kuqala, njengobuholi, ezombangazwe zangaphakathi.โ
Eminye imibiko yembula ukuthi i-U.S kugqekeziwe uhlelo lwezokuxhumana lwaseBrazil lokuqoqa idatha kubo bonke abantu, futhi kwaba ehlola Abaholi ababalulekile baseBrazil (okuhlanganisa nowayenguMongameli wangaleso sikhathi u-Dilma Rousseff) kanye nezinkampani zayo ezibaluleke kakhulu njengesikhondlakhondla sayo sikawoyela iPetrobras kanye noMnyango Wezimayini Nezamandla. The Washington Post kubika: โI-National Security Agency iqoqana cishe 5 amarekhodi ezigidigidi ngosuku ukuthi akuphi omakhalekhukhwini emhlabeni wonke, ngokusho kwemibhalo eyimfihlo kanye nezingxoxo nezikhulu zezobunhloli zase-U.S., okwenza le nhlangano ikwazi ukulandelela ukunyakaza kwabantu ngabanye - nokubeka imephu ubudlelwano babo - ngezindlela ebezingacatshangwa ngaphambili." Futhi njalo njalo.
[Isiqephu esisodwa esimangalisayo nakuba ebesingabongiwe kangako esihlobene nakho konke lokhu: okufanayo New York Times Intatheli edalule imininingwane mayelana nokugetshengwa okukhulu kwe-NSA kukahulumeni nezimboni zaseChina, uNicole Perlroth, wabe esenxusa (kuma-tweets asewasusile manje) ukuthi u-Snowden angaxolelwa ngokuthi, ngokusho kwakhe, uveze ukuthi i-NSA yayihlola izitha zase-US ezisemthethweni. . Eqinisweni, kwakunguyena, uPerloth, hhayi uSnowden, owakhetha ukudalula ubunhloli be-NSA eChina, evusa intukuthelo ka-Snowden lapho enza kanjalo ngokusekelwe embonweni wakhe lokhu bekuwukwephulwa kohlaka aludala lwalokho okufanele nokungafanele kube khona. kwembulwa; ngamanye amazwi, akazange nje uPerlroth unxuse ukushushiswa kobugebengu bomthombo ayethembele kuwo, into emangazayo ukuthi iyiphi intatheli engayenza, kodwa okubi kakhulu, wakwenza lokho ngokuqamba amanga lowo mthombo ngokwenza okuthile yena, uPerlroth, ayekwenzile yena: okungukuthi, veza ukugebenga okuningi kwe-US kweChina].
Okwenza konke lokhu kucace ngokusobala ukuthi kuphela umuntu okhohliswe kakhulu futhi ongenalwazi ongakholelwa ukuthi ukugebenga kwama-ejensi ase-US nezinkampani zase-US - uma kwenzeka - kuyinto enye ngaphandle kokuziphatha okuvamile nokujwayelekile phakathi kwalawa mazwe. UProfesa Wezomthetho waseHarvard kanye nalowo owayeyisikhulu se-Bush DOJ uJack Goldsmith, ebuyekeza izidingo ezikhulayo zokuziphindiselela, wabhala isihloko esihle kakhulu ngesonto eledlule enesihloko esithi โSelf-Delusion on the Russia Hack: I-U.S. ivame ukugebenga izinhlelo zamakhompiyutha zikahulumeni wangaphandle ngezinga elikhuluโ:
Ukuntuleka kokuzazi kulokhu kanye nokusabela okufanayo kokwephulwa kwemithetho yaseRussia kuyamangaza. Uhulumeni wase-US akanaso isisekelo esinesisekelo sokukhononda ngokugebenga kweRussia, kungasaphathwa ukuphindisela ngakho ngezindlela zempi, njengoba uhulumeni wase-US egebenga amanethiwekhi kahulumeni wangaphandle ngezinga elikhulu nsuku zonke. Ngempela, impendulo yezempi ku-Hack yaseRussia izokwephula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe . . . .
Njengoba izambulo zokuvuza kolwazi ezivela ku-Edward Snowden zacaca, i-United States ivamise ukungena ezinhlelweni zamakhompiyutha zikahulumeni wangaphandle ngezinga elikhulu, ngokuvamile (njengaseRussia Hack) ngosizo olungazi lwemboni ezimele, ngezinjongo zokuhlola. Cishe impela umholi womhlaba kulo mkhuba, mhlawumbe ngokuningi. Imibhalo ye-Snowden iphakamise okuningi, njengoba kwenza isabelomali okungenzeka se-NSA. Ngo-2016, ngemva kokuqaphela โizinkinga ngokungena ku-inthanethi okuvela eRussia,โ u-Obama waqhosha ngokuthi i-United States โinamandla angaphezu kwanoma ubani โฆ ngendlela ecasulayoโ . . . .
Ngenxa yemikhuba yakhe, uhulumeni wase-U.S. ngokwesiko wamukele ukuba semthethweni kokuhlola ngogesi kukahulumeni wangaphandle kumanethiwekhi kahulumeni wase-U.S. Ngemva kokugebenga kwamaShayina okunedumela elibi lesizindalwazi seHhovisi Lokuphathwa Kwabasebenzi, ngaleso sikhathi owayenguMqondisi Wezobunhloli Kuzwelonke uJames Clapper wathi: โKufanele ushaye indesheni amaShayina ngalokho akwenzile. Ukube besinethuba lokwenza lokho, angicabangi ukuthi besingangabaza umzuzu owodwa.โ Le nhlangano yaseRussia ebonakala sengathi yenze lokhu kugebenga kwembulwe kuleli sonto iphinde yangena kuma-imeyili angaziwa e-White House kanye neMinyango Yezokuvikela kanye Nombuso ngo-2014-2015. Abaphathi baka-Obama bakuthathe njengobunhloli bendabuko futhi abazange baziphindiselele. "Bekuyiqoqo lemininingwane, okuyilokho izwe elikushoyo - okubandakanya ne-United States," kusho umxhumanisi we-cybersecurity kwezokuphatha u-Obama uMichael Daniel kuleli sonto.
Kepha kule minyaka emine edlule, abantu baseMelika, ikakhulukazi labo abadla izitolo zemithombo yezindaba ezikhululekile, bacwile ezinganekwaneni eziningi nge-US neRussia kangangokuthi abanawo amandla okuhlolisisa izimangalo ezenziwayo, futhi - njengoba nje beholwa. ukukholelwa โngokugxambukela kweRussia ngo-2016 Okhethweni Lwethu Olungcweleโ โ baqiniseka kalula ukuthi okwenziwa yiRussia kuwubugebengu obushaqisayo nobedlulele obungavamile ukubonwa ebudlelwaneni bamazwe ngamazwe. Eqinisweni, uhulumeni wabo ungumpetha womhlaba ongenakuphikiswa ekwenzeni lezi zenzo, futhi sekuyiminyaka uma kungengamashumi eminyaka.
Okwesithathu, lezi zimfuno โzokuziphindiselelaโ ziwubudedengu ngoba cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi aziphelezelwa noma yiziphi izinto ezicacisiwe. Ngisho noma umthwalo wemfanelo waseMoscow uboniswa, yini okufanele i-US iyenze ekuphenduleni? Uma impendulo yakho iwukuthi kufanele bahlehlise iRussia emuva, qiniseka ukuthi i-NSA ne-CIA bahlale bezama ukugebenga iRussia ngangokunokwenzeka, kudala ngaphambi kwalo mcimbi.
Uma impendulo iyinswinyo eyengeziwe, lokho kungaba ukwenza nje futhi okungenanjongo, ngaphandle kokuzenzisa okuxakile. Noma yikuphi ukuziphindiselela okubi kakhulu kunalokho kungaba budedengu, ikakhulukazi ngesidingo sokuvuselela izivumelwano zokulawula izikhali zenuzi ezizayo. Futhi uma ungumuntu ofuna impindiselo, uyakholelwa yini ukuthi i-Russia, i-China, i-Brazil kanye nawo wonke amanye amazwe ahlaselwe abagebengu be-NSA anelungelo elifanayo lokuziphindiselela ngokumelene ne-U.S., noma ingabe i-U.S. isendaweni ekhethekile enezimfanelo ezikhethekile njengazo zonke ezinye amazwe antula?
Esinakho lapha, futhi, ukusebenza kwakudala komphakathi wezobunhloli ukumangalela okukhulu mayelana namandla ahlomile ngezikhali zenuzi kwabezindaba zebhizinisi ezikhohlisayo, nabezindaba besabalalisa ngokungenangqondo ngaphandle kobufakazi, konke kubheke ekuqedeni ukungezwani phakathi kwalezi zinto ezimbili zenuzi. -amandla ahlomile nokuqinisa inganekwane yase-U.S. njengesisulu esikhulu kodwa akakaze abe umenzi wobubi.
Uma uke uzithole uzibuza ukuthi isabelomali esikhulu sezempi kanye nokuma kwe-Endless War kubonakala kungenakubekezelela inselelo, lokhu kuziphatha kwe-pathological - okuvela enhlanganweni ehlala njalo yomphakathi wezobunhloli, izitolo zemithombo yezindaba, kanye neDemocratic Party - inikeza ucezu olulodwa olubalulekile. kwendida.
Buyekeza, Disemba 24, 2020, 7:36 a.m. ET: Nakuba ama-tweets avela I-New York Times' UNicole Perlroth okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla ususwe nguye, njengoba kukhonjisiwe, umfundi oqaphile uphawula ukuthi a I-Politico isihloko ngaleso sikhathi kubhekiselwe kungxenye yokuxoxisana kwami โโnaye, okunye ngenxa yentukuthelo evela Washington Post izintatheli phezu kokuhlelwa kwephepha labo elaphikisana nokuxolelwa kuka-Snowden, nakuba lelo phepha labika kabanzi ngemibhalo ka-Snowden futhi lawina iPulitzer ngokwenza lokho:
Ukuhlela akuyona into uma kungesona isizathu esihle senkulumompikiswano ye-Twitter. Ezinye izintatheli ziqhubekile nokuzwakalisa intukuthelo izolo mayelana nokuvikela kwebhodi lokuhlela i-Snowden, kanti ezinye zivumelana nengxabano yebhodi noma okungenani zilivikele ilungelo layo lokuthatha ukuma eyazi ngokungangabazeki ukuthi kwakuzofaka abaningi egumbini lezindaba le-Post. Kokunye ukushintshana okuphawuleka kakhulu, intatheli ye-New York Times ye-cybersecurity uNicole Perlroth uxabane noGlenn Greenwald, owaphula indaba ka-Snowden/NSA yeThe Guardian.
I-Perlroth: โKufanele ngithi ngiyavuma w/ wapo. U-@Snowden uputshuze amashumi ezinkulungwane zamadokhumenti abengahlangene nokuphulwa kobumfihlo.โ http://bit.ly/2cLPeLY
Greenwald: "Bangakwazi ukuqala iklabhu ye-august: Izintatheli Ezivuna Ukushushiswa Kwamacala Ngemithombo Yethu" http://bit.ly/2cLLIRz
Yilokho kanye ebengibhekisela kukho lapha. Kuyacasula impela ukuthi uPerlroth uphakamise ukuthi owakhe umthombo uboshwe ngenxa yokuthi waputshuza imibhalo โebengahlangene nokuphulwa kobumfihloโ ngenkathi kunguye, uPerlroth, onqume ukudalula imininingwane yokuhlolwa kwe-NSA eChina, ecasula u-Snowden inqubo. Ukuchofoza isixhumanisi esingenhla ku-tweet yakhe kukhombisa ukuthi useyisusile.
Iphuzu elilodwa lokugcina: kukhona i i-op-ed evelele ngoLwesine New York Times mayelana nentukuthelo ngezinsolo zokugebenga i-Russian kukaPaul Kolbe, owasebenza njengomsebenzi oyimfihlo we-CIA iminyaka engu-25 futhi manje ongumqondisi weProjekthi Yezobunhloli e-Harvard Kennedy School, enesihloko esithi โNgokugebenga, I-United States Idinga Ukuyeka Ukudlala Isisulu. โ Ichaza ukuthi โi-United States, vele, yenza uhlobo olufanayo lwemisebenzi ngezinga elikhulu kakhuluโ futhi ngenxa yalokho โsekuyisikhathi sokuthi i-United States iyeke ukwenza izinto imangele futhi iyeke ukusho okuthile.โ
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