Umthombo: The Intercept
Ibhange le amakhamera abekanise ngaphandle kwejele lase-Delhi elikhulukazi i-Tihar abewuhlobo lwesiphithiphithi sabezindaba obungalindela ukuthi ulindele undunankulu obanjwe ehlazweni lokukhwabanisa, noma mhlawumbe isihlabani se-Bollywood esibanjwe embhedeni okungafanele. Esikhundleni salokho, amakhamera abelinde u-Disha Ravi, isishoshovu sesimo sezulu se-vegan esithanda imvelo esineminyaka engu-22 ubudala esizithole sibanjwe ogibeni lomthetho wase-Orwellian ohlanganisa izinsolo zokuvukela umbuso, ukukhuthaza kanye nokubandakanyeka ozungu lwamazwe ngamazwe. izici zifaka (kodwa azikhawulelwe): Abalimi base-India abavukela umbuso, isihlabani somhlaba wonke u-Rihanna, okuthiwa bahlela ukulwa ne-yoga ne-chai, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Sikh, kanye no-Greta Thunberg.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi lokho kuzwakala kungenangqondo, kanjalo nejaji elakhulula uRavi ngemva kwezinsuku eziyisishiyagalolunye ejele ephenywa amaphoyisa. IJaji uDharmender Rana bekufanele likhiphe isinqumo sokuthi uRavi, ongomunye wabasunguli besahluko samaNdiya, iFridays For Future, inhlangano yentsha yesimo sezulu eyaqalwa nguThunberg, kufanele aqhubeke yini nokunqatshelwa ibheyili. Unqume ukuthi asikho isizathu sokuthi anqatshelwe ibheyili, okwavula indlela yokuba uRavi abuyele emzini wakhe oseBengaluru (ebuye yaziwe ngokuthi iBangalore) ngalobo busuku.
Kodwa ijaji liphinde labona kunesidingo sokuthi liqhubekele phambili, likhiphe amazwi ahlabayo Isinqumo samakhasi angama-18 ecaleni eliwumsuka elibambe abezindaba baseNdiya amasonto amaningi, ekhipha esakhe isinqumo ezincazelweni ezahlukahlukene ezinikezwe amaphoyisa aseDelhi zokuthi kungani uRavi ebanjwe kwasekuqaleni. Ubufakazi bamaphoyisa obumelene nesishoshovu sesimo sezulu esisemusha, wabhala, "buncane futhi budwetshiwe," futhi abukho "noma i-ota" yobufakazi obusekela izinsolo zokuvukela umbuso, ukugqugquzela, noma uzungu olubhekiswe kuye futhi okungenani. ezinye izishoshovu ezimbili ezisencane.
Yize icala lokwakha uzungu lamazwe ngamazwe libonakala liwohloka, ukuboshwa kukaRavi kuveze uhlobo oluhlukile lokusebenzisana, leli eliphakathi kombuso wamaHindu wobuzwe obucindezela kakhulu futhi obumelene nentando yeningi kaNdunankulu uNarendra Modi kanye nezinkampani zaseSilicon Valley osekuphenduke amathuluzi nezinkundla. izindlela eziyinhloko zokuthi amabutho kahulumeni agqugquzele inzondo kubantu abambalwa nabagxeki abasengozini - kanye nokuthi amaphoyisa abambe izishoshovu ezinokuthula ezinjengoRavi kuwebhu yedijithali yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.
Icala elibhekene noRavi kanye โnabambisene nayeโ lincike ngokuphelele ekusetshenzisweni kwamathuluzi edijithali aziwayo: Amaqembu e-WhatsApp, i-Google Doc ehlelwe ngokuhlanganyela, umhlangano wangasese we-Zoom, kanye nama-tweets ambalwa asezingeni eliphezulu, wonke ahlonyiwe. zibe yizingcezu eziyinhloko zobufakazi obusolwa ekuzingeleni izishoshovu ezixhaswe nguhulumeni kanye nezithuthukiswe abezindaba. Ngaso leso sikhathi, wona kanye la mathuluzi asetshenziswe emkhankasweni odidiyelwe wemiyalezo osekela uhulumeni ukuze uphendule imizwa yomphakathi ngokumelene nezishoshovu ezisencane kanye nokunyakaza kwabalimi abahlangana ndawonye ukuze basekele, imvamisa ukwephulwa okucacile kokuqapha izinkampani zezokuxhumana ezithi bakhelwe ukuvimbela ukugqugquzela udlame ezinkundleni zabo.
Esizweni lapho inzondo eku-inthanethi ifinyelele khona emhlabeni wangempela ezimpini okubhekiswe kwabesifazane kanye nedlanzana, abameli bamalungelo abantu baxwayisa ngokuthi i-India isonqenqemeni lodlame olubi, mhlawumbe ngisho uhlobo lokuchithwa kwegazi lokuqothulwa kohlanga leyo nkundla yezokuxhumana wasizwa futhi wasiza ngokumelene namaRohingya eMyanmar.
โUkuthula kwalezi zinkampani kukhuluma kakhulu. Kufanele bathathe isinyathelo, futhi kufanele bakwenze manje. โ
Kukho konke lokhu, iziqhwaga zaseSilicon Valley ziye zahlala zithule ngokusobala, ukuzinikela kwazo okudumile ekukhulumeni ngokukhululekile, kanye nokuzibophezela kwazo okusha ekulweni nenkulumo enenzondo kanye nemibono yozungu, kuseNdiya, akukho ndawo. Esikhundleni salo ukuhlangana okukhulayo nokumangazayo ngempi yolwazi kaModi, ukubambisana okulindeleke ukuthi kuvalelwe ngaphansi kwe-draconian. new umthetho wemidiya yedijithali ozokwenza kube semthethweni ngezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ukwenqaba ukubambisana nezicelo zikahulumeni zokwehlisa izinto ezicasulayo noma zokwephula ubumfihlo babasebenzisi bezobuchwepheshe. Ingqinamba ekuhlukunyezweni kwamalungelo abantu, kubonakala sengathi, iyintengo yokugcina ukufinyelela emakethe enkulu kakhulu yabasebenzisi bemidiya yedijithali ngaphandle kwaseShayina.
Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile Ukumelana kusuka enkampanini, ama-akhawunti we-Twitter agxeka uhulumeni we-Modi yanyamalala emakhulwini ngaphandle kwencazelo; izikhulu zikahulumeni ezibandakanya impandla kanye nenkulumo enenzondo esobala ku-Twitter naku-Facebook bezilokhu kuvunyelwe ukuqhubeka nokwephula ngokusobala izinqubomgomo zezinkampani; kanye namaphoyisa aseDelhi ziqhayise ukuthi bathola ukubambisana okuningi okuwusizo okuvela ku-Google njengoba bemba ukuxhumana okuyimfihlo kwezishoshovu zesimo sezulu esinokuthula njengo-Ravi.
"Ukuthula kwalezi zinkampani kukhuluma kakhulu," kusho isishoshovu samalungelo edijithali, sicela ukuthi igama lidalulwe ngenxa yokwesaba ukuphindiselwa. "Kufanele bathathe isinyathelo, futhi kufanele bakwenze manje."
Kubhekiselwa ku-in ama-Indian press ahlukene ngokuthi โi-toolkit case,โ i-โIkhithi yamathuluzi ye-Greta," kanye "uzungu lwekhithi yamathuluzi,โ uphenyo lwamaphoyisa oluqhubekayo ngoRavi, kanye nezinye izishoshovu uNikita Jacob kanye noShantanu Muluk, lugxile kulokho okuqukethwe umhlahlandlela wenkundla yezokuxhumana uThunberg. tweeted kubalandeli bakhe abacishe babe yizigidi ezi-5 ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. Ngesikhathi uRavi eboshwa, amaphoyisa aseDelhi limenyezelwe ukuthi โunguMhleli Wekhithi Yamathuluzi ye-Google Amadokhumenti & nokhiye wokwakha uzungu ekwakhiweni nasekusatshalalisweni kwedokhumenti. Waqala Iqembu le-WhatsApp futhi wahlanganyela ukwenza i-Toolkit doc. Usebenze eduze nabo ekubhaleni uDokotela.โ
The kit bekungeyona into engaphezu kwe-Google Doc ehlanganiswe iqoqo lesikhashana lezishoshovu e-India kanye ne-diaspora eklanyelwe ukusekela ukunyakaza kwabalimi obekulokhu kudlalwa. kakhulu futhi -ngaphenduki imibhikisho izinyanga.
Abalimi bayaphikisana nesethi yemithetho emisha yezolimo uhulumeni kaModi awuphuthumisa ngaphansi kobhadane lwe-coronavirus. Umnyombo wemibhikisho inkolelo yokuthi ngokuqeda ukuvikelwa kwentengo yezitshalo isikhathi eside nokuvulela umkhakha wezolimo ekutshaleni izimali ezizimele, abalimi abancane bazobhekana โincwadi yokufa,โ futhi izindawo ezivundile zaseNdiya zizowela ezandleni zabadlali abambalwa bezinkampani ezinkulu.
Abantu abaningi abangewona abalimi baye babheka izindlela zokusiza, eNdiya kanye nasezweni laseNingizimu Asia i-diaspora, kanye nangokwengeziwe. Inhlangano yesimo sezulu eholwa yintsha yazizwa inesibopho esikhethekile sokukhuphuka. Njengoba Ravi wathi enkantolo, usekela abalimi โngoba bayikusasa lethu, futhi sonke kudingeka sidle.โ Futhi ukhombe ukuxhumana kwesimo sezulu. Isomiso, amagagasi okushisa, nezikhukhula konke kukhule kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje, futhi abalimi baseNdiya baphambili kulo mthelela wesimo sezulu, bavame ukulahlekelwa izitshalo zabo nendlela yokuziphilisa, ulwazi uRavi alwazi ngaye mathupha. ukufakaza ugogo nomkhulu wakhe ongumlimi balwa nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Njengenqwaba yemibhalo enjalo yeminyaka yokuhlela yedijithali, isethi yamathuluzi ephakathi kwale mpikiswano iqukethe iqoqo leziphakamiso ezijwayelekile zokuthi abantu bangabuveza kanjani ubumbano lwabo nabalimi baseNdiya, ikakhulukazi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. โTwitha ukwesekwa kwakho kubalimi baseNdiya. Sebenzisa i-hashtag ethi #FarmersProtest #StandWithFarmersโ; thatha isithombe noma ividiyo yakho uthi weseka abalimi; sayina isicelo; bhalela ummeleli wakho; iqhaza "ku-tweetstorm" noma "isiteleka sedijithali"; ukuhambela omunye wemibhikisho mathupha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungaphakathi eNdiya noma ehhovisi lenxusa lamaNdiya ezweni lakini; funda kabanzi ngokuhambela iseshini yolwazi ye-Zoom. Kusekuseni Version yedokhumenti (ezosuswa maduze) ikhulume ngokuphonsela inselelo ukuthula nothando kwase-India, noma "i-yoga & chai," isithombe somphakathi.
Ngokubopha nokubopha u-Ravi ngezinsolo zendima yokuba umhleli wesethi yamathuluzi, empeleni ubekwa icala ngokwenza i-India ibukeke kabi phambi komhlaba.
Cishe yonke imikhankaso emikhulu yezishoshovu ikhiqiza i-clicktivist imihlahlandlela efana ncamashi nalena. Iningi lezinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni zinomuntu omsebenzi wakhe ukubhala imibhalo enjalo futhi ayithumele kulabo abangase babe ngabasekeli โnakubagqugquzeli.โ Uma kungekho emthethweni, khona-ke ubushoshovu besimanje ngokwawo abukho emthethweni. Ngokubopha nokubopha u-Ravi ngezinsolo zendima yokuba umhleli wesethi yamathuluzi, empeleni ubekwa icala ngokwenza i-India ibukeke kabi phambi komhlaba. Ngaphansi kwaleyo ncazelo, yonke imisebenzi yamazwe ngamazwe yamalungelo abantu izodinga ukuvalwa, ngoba lowo msebenzi awuvamile ukwethula ohulumeni ngendlela ethophayo.
Leli phuzu kwaba wenza ngamandla ejaji elakhipha isinqumo ngebheyili kaRavi: โIzakhamuzi zingabagcini bohulumeni kunoma yisiphi iSizwe esibuswa ngentando yeningi. Abakwazi ukubekwa emuva ngoba bekhetha ukungahambisani nemigomo yombuso,โ kubhala yena. Mayelana nokwabelana ngekhithi yamathuluzi noThunberg, "inkululeko yokukhuluma nokukhuluma ihlanganisa nelungelo lokufuna izethameli zomhlaba wonke."
Lokhu kubonakala kusobala. Kodwa-ke ngandlela thize le mibhalo emihle kakhulu ifakwe izikhulu zikahulumeni eziningi njengento embi kakhulu. General VK Singh, ungqongqoshe wombuso kaModi wezokuthutha emigwaqeni nemigwaqo emikhulu, wabhala kokuthunyelwe ku-Facebook ukuthi ikhithi yamathuluzi โyembule imiklamo yangempela yozungu olusezingeni lomhlaba ngokumelene neNdiya. Udinga ukuphenya amaqembu adonsa izintambo zalo mshini omubi. Iziyalezo zazibekwe ngokucacile mayelana nokuthi 'kanjani', 'nini' futhi 'yini'. Uzungu ngaleli zinga kuvame ukudalulwa.โ
Amaphoyisa aseDelhi asheshe athatha izintambo zawo aqala ukuthola ubufakazi baleli tulo lamazwe ngamazwe "hlambalaza izweโ futhi babukela phansi uhulumeni, kusetshenziswa umthetho wokuvukela umbuso wenkathi yobukoloniyali. Kodwa akugcinanga lapho. Isethi yamathuluzi nayo isolwa ngokuba yingxenye yemfihlo ngesakhiwo ukuhlukanisa i-India futhi bakhe izwe lamaSikh elibizwa ngokuthi i-Khalistan (ukuvukela umbuso ngaphezulu), ngoba i-Indo-Canadaan yase-Vancouver eyasiza ukuyihlanganisa uye yazwakalisa ukuzwelana nombono wezwe elizimele lamaSikh (hhayi ubugebengu futhi akukho ndawo eshiwo kuyo ikhithi yamathuluzi). Futhi ngokumangazayo, ku-Google Doc eyodwa isimangalo samaphoyisa sabhalwa ikakhulukazi eCanada, yona le ncwadi yamathuluzi isolwa ngokugqugquzela nokuhlela udlame โemhlanganweni omkhulu kagandagandaโ wabalimi eDelhi. on Januwari 26.
Kwaphela amasonto, lezi zimangalo ziye zasakazwa ku-inthanethi, okuningi kwakho ngaphansi kwemikhankaso edidiyelwe ye-hashtag amakhanda nguMnyango Wezindaba Zangaphandle wase-India futhi kwananelwa ngokwethembeka izihlabani ze-Bollywood nezihlabani zekhilikithi. U-Anil Vij, ungqongqoshe kahulumeni esifundazweni saseHaryana, ubhale ku-Twitter ngesi-Hindi ukuthi "Noma ubani onembewu yokulwa nobuzwe emiqondweni yakhe kufanele abhujiswe ezimpandeni, kungaba #Disha_Ravi noma omunye umuntu." Iphonselwe inselelo njengesibonelo esisobala senkulumo enenzondo yomuntu onamandla, i-Twitter yathi lokhu okuthunyelwe akuzange kwephule imigomo yayo futhi bakushiye. up.
Abezindaba baseNdiya abaphrintayo nabasakazwayo baphinde bawabeka ngembaba amacala okuvukela umbuso, nezindaba ezingaphezu kuka-100 ezimayelana no-Ravi kanye nekhithi yamathuluzi evela ku-Times of India kuphela. Izinhlelo zezindaba zikamabonakude seziqalile ubugebengu-ukuvimbela-isitayela sidalula ikhithi yamathuluzi yamazwe ngamazwe โuzungu.โ Akumangazi ukuthi intukuthelo isisakazekele emigwaqweni, ngezithombe zikaThunberg noRihanna tweeted ngokweseka abalimi) ashisiwe emibuthanweni yobuzwe.
UModi ngokwakhe useke walinganisa, ekhuluma ngezitha โezizehlise kangangoba aziligodli ngisho netiye laseNdiyaโ - kabanzi kuthathiwe njengereferensi yomugqa we-โyoga & chaiโ osusiwe.
Bese-ke, ngasekuqaleni kwaleli sonto, wonke amagwebu abukeka ewa phansi. Rana, kweyakhe Oda ekhulula uRavi, wabhala ukuthi โukufundwa kwe-'Toolkit' eshiwo kuveza ukuthi noma iluphi uhlobo lobudlova alukho ngokusobala.โ Isimangalo sokuthi leli khithi laliyitulo lokuhlukanisa abantu belingenabufakazi nakancane, wabhala, ukusho okuningiliziwe kwecala nge-association.
Mayelana necala lokuthi ukusabalalisa ulwazi olubucayi mayelana nempatho yaseNdiya yabalimi nabavikeli bamalungelo abantu kwizishoshovu eziqavile njengoThunberg โlihlanganisa ukuvukela umbuso,โ ijaji lalinokhahlo. "Icala lokuvukela umbuso alikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukufundisa izethameli ezilimele zohulumeni."
Icala lisaqhubeka, kodwa lesi sinqumo sibonisa igalelo elikhulu kuhulumeni kanye nokulwela ukunyakaza komlimi nemikhankaso yobumbano ebasekelayo. Nokho, akukona neze ukunqoba. Noma ngabe icala le-toolkit liphelelwa amandla ngenxa yokushaywa kwejaji ngempama, kungomunye wemikhankaso engamakhulu uhulumeni waseNdiya oyenzayo yokuzingela izishoshovu, abahleli nezintatheli. Umgqugquzeli wezabaSebenzi uNodeep Kaur, omdala kunoRavi ngonyaka owodwa, naye waboshwa ngenxa yokweseka abalimi. Esanda kudedelwa ngebheyili, uKaur wamangalela inkantolo ukuthi wayekhona ushaywe kabi ngesikhathi evalelwe amaphoyisa. Okwamanje, amakhulu abalimi asekhona Ngemuva izindawo zokucima ukoma kanti abanye balaba ababoshiwe banazo yanyamalala.
Usongo lwangempela iqoqo lamathuluzi elimele uModi kanye neqembu elibusayo i-Bharatiya Janata lalihlala, liwumgogodla, limayelana namandla enhlangano yabalimi.
Usongo lwangempela iqoqo lamathuluzi elimele uModi kanye neqembu elibusayo i-Bharatiya Janata Party, noma i-BJP, lalihlale liwumgogodla, limayelana namandla enhlangano yabalimi. Iphrojekthi yezepolitiki kaModi imele ukuhlangana okunamandla kwe-Hindu chauvinism enamandla amakhulu ebhizinisi. Abalimi baphonsela inselelo leyo phrojekthi embaxambili, kokubili ekugcizeleleni kwabo ukuthi ukudla kufanele kuhlale ngaphandle kwemibono yemakethe kanye nekhono elifakazelwe lenhlangano lokwakha amandla kuzo zonke izigaba zenkolo, zobuzwe, kanye nezindawo okuwumgogodla wokukhuphuka kukaModi emandleni.
Ravinder Kaur, uprofesa eNyuvesi yaseCopenhagen kanye nombhali we "Isizwe Esisha Somkhiqizo: Amaphupho Obunxiwankulu kanye Nemiklamo Yesizwe Eminyaka Yamashumi Amabili Nanye e-India, " ubhala ukuthi abalimi โmhlawumbe bayibutho elikhulu kunawo wonke emlandweni waseNdiya wangemva kokubusa kobukoloni, elihlanganisa abantu basemaphandleni nasemadolobheni, futhi elihlanganisa ukuvukela ubunxiwankulu obungalawuleki emzabalazweni wenkululeko yomphakathi.โ Ngokuhlanganiswa okunamandla kuka-Modi kwenhloko-dolobha yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezwe elinobuzwe obukhulu, "ukugqugquzela umthetho omelene namapulazi kubangela inselelo eqhubekayo neqondile kulo mfelandawonye okwamanje."
Imibhikisho yabalimi baseDelhi nasezindaweni ezizungezile iye yaba khona wahlangana ngezibhamu zamanzi, isisi esikhalisa unyembezi, kanye nokuboshwa kwabantu abaningi. Kodwa balokhu beza, bebakhulu kakhulu ukuba banqobe ngamandla kuphela. Kungakho uhulumeni weModi ezimisele kangaka ukuthola izindlela zokubukela phansi inhlangano futhi ecindezela umyalezo wayo, ephindelela. ukuvimbela i-inthanethi ngaphambi kwemibhikisho kanye nokucindezela ngempumelelo i-Twitter ukuthi ikhansele ama-akhawunti asekela umlimi angaphezu kwenkulungwane. Kungakho futhi uModi efuna ukungcolisa amanzi ngezinganekwane zamathuluzi akhohlisayo nozungu lwamazwe ngamazwe.
Incwadi evulekile isayinwe yinqwaba yezishoshovu zemvelo zaseNdiya ngemva kokuboshwa kuka-Ravi zaveza leli phuzu: โ[T] izenzo zamanje zikaHulumeni Omkhulu zingamaqhinga ahlukile okuphazamisa abantu ezindabeni zangempela ezifana nezindleko ezihlala zikhuphuka zikaphethiloli nezinto ezibalulekile, ukwanda kokuntuleka kwemisebenzi nokucindezeleka. okudalwe ngenxa yokuvalwa kwendawo ngaphandle kohlelo, kanye nesimo esithusayo sendawo ezungezile.โ
Uhulumeni waseModi uzama ukuhoxisa inkulumo-mpikiswano yomphakathi endaweni lapho ibuthaka khona futhi ayibeke phansi lapho yonke iphrojekthi ye-ethnotionalist iphumelela khona.
Yilokhu kufuna ukuphambukisa kwezepolitiki, ngamanye amazwi, okusiza ukuchaza ukuthi umkhankaso olula wobumbano uphindwe kanjani njengetulo eliyimfihlo lokuhlukanisa i-India nokugqugquzela udlame oluvela phesheya. Uhulumeni we-Modi uzama ukuhudula inkulumo-mpikiswano yomphakathi kude nezwe lapho ibuthaka khona ngokusobala - ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziyisisekelo zabantu ngesikhathi sobunzima bomnotho nobhubhane - futhi uyidlulisele phansi lapho yonke iphrojekthi ye-ethnotionalist ichuma khona: thina ngokumelene nabo, abangaphakathi ngokumelene nabangaphandle. , abashisekeli bezwe ngokumelene namambuka avukela umbuso.
Kulesi senzo esijwayelekile, u-Ravi kanye nokunyakaza kwesimo sezulu kwentsha kwakuwumonakalo owenzelwa isibambiso.
Nokho umonakalo owenziwe mukhulu, futhi hhayi kuphela ngoba ukuphenywa okuqhubekayo futhi ukubuyela kukaRavi ejele kusabonakala kungenzeka. Njengencwadi ehlanganyelwe evela kubameli bezemvelo baseNdiya uthi, ukuboshwa nokuboshwa kwakhe kakade sekufeze injongo ethile: โIsandla esiqinile sikaHulumeni ngokusobala sigxile ekuthutheni nasekuhlukumezeni le ntsha enesibindi ngenxa yokukhuluma iqiniso namandla, futhi kufana nokubafundisa isifundo.โ
Umonakalo osabalele usemoyeni yonke ingxabano yekhithi yamathuluzi ebekwe phezu kwengxabano yezepolitiki eNdiya - ngokubambisana buthule kwezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezake zaphakamisa amandla azo okuvula imiphakathi evaliwe nokusabalalisa intando yeningi emhlabeni jikelele. Njengesihloko esisodwa wafaka "Ukuboshwa kuka-Disha Ravi kufaka ubumfihlo babo bonke abasebenzisi be-Google India ekungabazeni."
Impela, inkulumompikiswano yomphakathi ibekwe engcupheni ejulile kangangokuthi izishoshovu eziningi eNdiya zihamba ngomshoshaphansi, zisusa ama-akhawunti azo ezinkundla zokuxhumana ukuze zizivikele. Ngisho nabameli bamalungelo edijithali bayakuxwaya ukucashunwa kwirekhodi. Ukucela ukuthi lingadalulwa igama, umcwaningi wezomthetho kuchazwe ukuhlangana okuyingozi phakathi kwengcweti kahulumeni yempi yolwazi kanye nezinkampani zenkundla yezokuxhumana ezakhelwe ekwandiseni ukusebenzelana ukuze zembe idatha yabasebenzisi bazo: โKonke lokhu kusuka ekusetshenzisweni kwezikhali okunamandla kwezinkundla zokuxhumana ngesimo samanje, into ebingekho ngaphambilini. Lokhu kubhebhethekiswa nakakhulu ukuthambekela kwalezi zinkampani zokubeka phambili okuqukethwe okuyingozi kakhulu, okuzivumela ukuba zenze imali ngokunaka kwabasebenzisi, ekugcineni zizuzise izinjongo zazo zokwenza inzuzo.โ
Selokhu aboshwa, izibilini zempilo yangasese ka-Ravi yedijithali iye yabekwa ukuze ibonwe yibo bonke, yaqokwa yimithombo yezindaba yezwe edla lubi futhi enonya. Amaphaneli kamabonakude namaphephandaba ayezifela ngombhalo wakhe oyimfihlo imiyalezo eya eThunberg kanye nokunye ukuxhumana phakathi kwezishoshovu ezazingenzi lutho ngaphandle kokuhlela ipheshana eliku-inthanethi. Amaphoyisa wona asephindelela wagcizelela ukuthi isinqumo sikaRavi sokususa iqembu le-WhatsApp sasiwubufakazi bokuthi wenze ubugebengu, kunokuba impendulo enengqondo emizamweni kahulumeni yokuguqula ukuhlela okunokuthula kwedijithali kube isikhali esiqondiswe kuzishoshovu ezisencane.
Abameli bakaRavi banayo Ebuzwa inkantolo iyalele amaphoyisa ukuthi ayeke ukuputshuza izindaba zakhe zangasese kwabezindaba - imininingwane ebonakala sengathi banayo ngenxa yokushaqwa kwamafoni namakhompyutha. Efuna eminye imininingwane eyimfihlo ngophenyo lwawo, amaphoyisa aseDelhi nawo enze izimfuno zezinkampani eziningi ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe. Bacele u-Zoom ukuthi ukudalula uhlu lwabahambele umhlangano wezishoshovu ezizimele abathi luhlobene nekhithi yamathuluzi; amaphoyisa enze eziningana izicelo ku-Google ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nokuthi ikhithi yamathuluzi yathunyelwa futhi yabiwa kanjani. Futhi ngokusho imibiko yezindaba, amaphoyisa acele i-Instagram (ephethwe yi-Facebook) kanye ne-Twitter ngolwazi oluhlobene nekhithi yamathuluzi. Akukacaci ukuthi yiziphi izinkampani ezithobele futhi ngezinga elingakanani. Amaphoyisa ancome ukusebenzisana kwe-Google esidlangalaleni, kodwa i-Google ne-Facebook abazange baphendule esicelweni se-The Intercept sokuphawula. I-Zoom kanye ne-Twitter babhekisele kuzinqubomgomo zabo zebhizinisi, ezisho ukuthi bazothobela imithetho kazwelonke efanele.
Izibilini zempilo yangasese yedijithali ka-Ravi zibekwe ukuze zibonwe yibo bonke, ziqokwe yimithombo yezindaba yezwe egcwele intukuthelo.
Okungenzeka ukuthi kungani uhulumeni we-Modi ekhethe lesi sikhathi ukwethula a isethi yemithethonqubo emisha lokho bekungayinika amazinga okulawula imidiya yedijithali ukuze isondele kakhulu kweyaseChina i-firewall enkulu. NgoFebhuwari 24, usuku olungemva kokukhululwa kukaRavi ejele, iReuters kubika kuhulumeni we-Modi "Imihlahlandlela Emaphakathi kanye Nekhodi Yokuziphatha Yemidiya Yedijithali." Imithetho emisha izoba zidinga izinkampani zemidiya ukuthi zehlise okuqukethwe okuthinta "ubukhosi nobuqotho be-India" phakathi namahora angu-36 omyalelo kahulumeni - incazelo ebanzi kangangokuthi ingase ihlanganise kalula ne-yoga ne-chai. Ikhodi entsha iphinde ithi izinkampani zemidiya yedijithali kumele zibambisane nohulumeni kanye nezicelo zamaphoyisa zokuthola ulwazi mayelana nabasebenzisi bazo engakapheli amahora angama-72. Lokho kuhlanganisa nezicelo zokuthi kulandelwe umsuka womthombo โulwazi olungalungileโ ezisekelweni futhi mhlawumbe nezinhlelo zokusebenza zemiyalezo ezibethelwe.
Ikhodi entsha yethulwa egameni lokuvikela umphakathi waseNdiya ohlukahlukene kanye nokuvimbela okuqukethwe okuyinhlamba. โUmshicileli kufanele acabangele umongo waseNdiya wezinhlanga eziningi nezinkolo eziningi futhi asebenzise ukuqapha nokuqonda okufanele lapho eveza imisebenzi, izinkolelo, imikhuba, noma imibono yanoma yiluphi uhlanga noma iqembu lezenkolo,โ umthetho osalungiswa. isimo.
Nokho, ekusebenzeni, i-BJP inomunye oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu amabutho ama-troll emhlabeni, futhi osopolitiki bayo bangabagqugquzeli abanolaka nabanolaka benkulumo enenzondo eqondiswe kwabancane abasengozini kanye nabagxeki bazo zonke izinhlobo. Ukucaphuna nje isibonelo esisodwa kwabaningi, osopolitiki abambalwa be-BJP ngenkuthalo wabamba iqhaza emkhankasweni wokuqamba amanga othi amaSulumane ayesakaza ngamabomu i-Covid-19 njengengxenye ye "Corona Jihad." Okungenziwa ikhodi enjengale ukufaka emthethweni ukuba sengozini okuphindwe kabili kwedijithali okutholwa u-Ravi nezinye izishoshovu: Bazobe bengavikelekile ezixukwini eziku-inthanethi ezivuswe umbuso wamaHindu, futhi bebengeke bavikelwe kuleso simo lapho sifuna hlasela ubumfihlo babo bedijithali nganoma yisiphi isizathu esisikhethile.
Ikhodi entsha โebulalayoโ โihloselwe ukubulala ukuzimela kwemithombo yezindaba yedijithali yaseNdiya. Lo mzamo wokuhlomisa abaphathi ngamandla okutshela abezindaba ukuthi yini engashicilelwa noma engeke ishicilelwe awusekelwe emthethweni.โ
U-Apar Gupta, umqondisi omkhulu wenhlangano elwela amalungelo edijithali, i-Internet Freedom Foundation, uzwakalise ukukhathazeka okukhulu mayelana nezingxenye zekhodi entsha ezingase zivumele izikhulu zikahulumeni ukuthi zithungathe abasunguli bemiyalezo ezinkundleni ezifana noWhatsApp. Lokhu, yena utshele I-Associated Press, "ibukela phansi amalungelo abasebenzisi futhi ingaholela ekuzihloleni uma abasebenzisi besaba ukuthi izingxoxo zabo azisezona ezobumfihlo."
Harsha Walia, umqondisi omkhulu weBritish Columbia Civil Liberties Association kanye nombhali wencwadi ethi โUmngcele Nomthetho: Ukufuduka Kwembulunga yonke, I-Capitalism, kanye Nokwanda Kobuzwe Bokucwasa,โ kubeka isimo esibi e-India kanje: โImithetho ehlongozwayo yakamuva edinga izinkampani zenkundla yezokuxhumana ukuthi zisize abomthetho baseNdiya ingomunye umzamo omubi nongenademokhrasi kahulumeni wobufascist Hindutva Modi wokucindezela ukuphikisa, ukuqinisa isimo sokugada, kanye nokwanda kombuso. udlame.โ Ungitshele ukuthi lesi sinyathelo sakamuva sikahulumeni we-Modi sidinga ukuqondwa njengengxenye yephethini ebanzi yempi yolwazi eyinkimbinkimbi eqhutshwa izwe laseNdiya. โEmasontweni amathathu edlule, uhulumeni waseNdiya wavala i-inthanethi ezingxenyeni ezithile zaseDelhi ukuze acindezele ukwaziswa mayelana nombhikisho wabalimi; ama-akhawunti ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ezintatheli kanye nezishoshovu embhikishweni wabalimi kanye nakwamanye amazwe aseSikh amisiwe; kanye neBig Tech babambisana namaphoyisa aseNdiya emacaleni amaningi okuvukela umbuso angenasisekelo kodwa abandayo. Eminyakeni emine edlule, uhulumeni waseNdiya uyalele ukuvalwa kwe-inthanethi okungaphezu kuka-400, kanti indawo yaseNdiya yaseKashmir iphawulwa ngokuvinjezelwa kwezokuxhumana isikhathi eside. "
Ikhodi entsha, ezothinta yonke imidiya yedijithali, okuhlanganisa ukusakaza-bukhoma nezingosi zezindaba, izoqala ukusebenza phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu ezizayo. Abakhiqizi abambalwa bemidiya yedijithali eNdiya bahlehlela emuva. Siddharth Varadarajan, umhleli ongumsunguli we The Wire, tweeted ngoLwesine olwedlule ukuthi ikhodi entsha โebulalayoโ โihloselwe ukubulala ukuzimela kwemithombo yezindaba yedijithali yaseNdiya. Lo mzamo wokuhlomisa abaphathi ngamandla okutshela abezindaba ukuthi yini engashicilelwa noma engeke ishicilelwe awusekelwe emthethweni.โ
Ungalindeli izithombe zesibindi ezivela eSilicon Valley, noma kunjalo. Abaphathi abaningi bezobuchwepheshe base-US bayazisola izinqumo zakuqala, eyenziwe ngaphansi komphakathi futhi isisebenzi ingcindezi, yokwenqaba ukubambisana nezinsiza zaseShayina zokugadwa kwabantu abaningi kanye nokucwaninga - ukukhetha okunezimiso zokuziphatha, kodwa okubiza izinkampani ezifana ne-Google ukufinyelela emakethe enkulu ngokumangalisayo, enenzuzo enkulu. Lezi zinkampani zibonakala zingazimisele ukwenza uhlobo olufanayo lokubala futhi. Njenge-Wall Street Journal kubika ngo-Agasti odlule, โI-India inabasebenzisi abaningi be-Facebook kanye ne-WhatsApp kunanoma yiliphi elinye izwe, futhi i-Facebook iyikhethe njengemakethe yokwethula izinkokhelo, ukubethela kanye nezinhlelo zokukhokha. hlanganisa imikhiqizo yayo ngezindlela ezintsha ukuthi [u-CEO uMark] uZuckerberg uthe uzothatha i-Facebook iminyaka eyishumi ezayo. "
Ezinkampanini zobuchwepheshe ezifana ne-Facebook, Google, Twitter, ne-Zoom, i-India ngaphansi kwe-Modi isiphenduke isikhathi esinzima seqiniso. ENyakatho Melika naseYurophu, lezi zinkampani zenza imizamo emikhulu ukuze zibonise ukuthi zingathenjwa ukuthi zilawule inkulumo enenzondo kanye nozungu oluyingozi ezinkundleni zazo kuyilapho zivikela inkululeko yokukhuluma, impikiswano, nokungavumelani eyingxenye yanoma yimuphi umphakathi onempilo. Kepha eNdiya, lapho ukusiza ohulumeni ukuthi bazingele futhi babophe izishoshovu ezinokuthula futhi bandise inzondo kubonakala kuyintengo yokufinyelela emakethe enkulu futhi ekhulayo, "zonke lezo zingxabano ziphume ngefasitela," esinye isishoshovu sangitshela. Futhi ngesizathu esilula: "Bazuza kulo monakalo."
Lena indawo ka-Naomi Klein zakamuva Incwadi ethi โIndlela Yokushintsha Konke: Umhlahlandlela Wentsha Wokuvikela Iplanethi Nobunye,โ esanda kunyatheliswa nguSimon & Schuster.
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