Among the many ludicrous things spouted on the U.S. right, few assertions are more ridiculous than the commonplace reactionary idea that United States universities and colleges are leftist hotbeds. Trust me, I know. I have a Ph.D. (in U.S history) along with a large number of academic publications, seven published books (with accolades on their back covers from leading academicians), a record of positively evaluated teaching, grant-funded research, and a long record of invited talks across the nation and down to Cuba. I have published more than 500 essays in print and online, many reproduced in numerous languages across the planet. My research and commentary has been featured in a large number of media venues, including The New York Times, and CNN, Al Jazeera, and the Chicago Tribune.
I mention this not to boast but to make a point. Bearing in mind that much of my writing and speaking has come from the openly radical anti-capitalist left, it stands to reason that I would be in some kind of minimally decent demand as a teacher and/or researcher by an academic system that was actually leftist. Without claiming to be the worldās leading left intellectual, I think it is fair to say that there would be at least some kind of minimally decent position for someone like myself in a radical left university system. The reality is quite the opposite: I would have little more than a snowballās chance in Hell of being granted a remotely modest academic career in the U.S. today.
Part of the explanation of this curious fact has to do with an epic shift in the academic jobs racket that goes back more than three decades. U.S. āhigher educationā has stood for many years in the vanguard of the neoliberal reorganization of the labor market. It has converted a remarkable share of its onetime full-time and tenure-track teaching positions into hyper-exploited temporary piece-rate jobs doled out per course to a new academic sub-class of precariously situated permanent apprentices: adjuncts. According to the American Association of University Professors (AAUP), more than 50 percent of all U.S. faculty today hold part-time appointments. Such appointees are ātypically paid by the course, without benefitsā¦. Non-tenure-track positions of all types now account for 76 percent of all instructional staff appointments in American higher education.ā (I was employed [while possessing a doctorate] as an adjunct in six different Chicago-area institutions of āhigher educationā over five years at the end of the last Millennium. The pay fell below the federal minimum wage).
The downsizing of college and university teaching might seem ironic.Ā It has occurred during the same period in which U.S. college tuition has gone through the roof. But the money that is garnered from skyrocketing tuition ā so high now millions upon millions of young U.S. adults are saddled for many years with unsustainable student debt ā doesnāt go to sustain serious research and teaching. It goes largely into facilities, technology, and the construction of new layers of academic bureaucracy filled by highly paid administrators who lack understanding of, and concern for, the work that serious academicians do.
The last thing it is earmarked for is the employment of professors who would encourage students to look critically at the neoliberal higher education system and the broader corporate and imperial structures of power and inequality that the system serves. With an ever shrinking number of exceptions, the existing (remaining) tenured faculty understands this very well and does not wish to endanger its own relatively comfortable position by offering serious and sustained criticism of the nationās unelected and interrelated dictatorships of money and empire. (The chilling absence of serious campus opposition to George W. Bushās monumentally criminal invasion of Iraq was a symptom of this faint hearted mindset).
Properly cowed academic hiring committees know better than to invite trouble by bringing onto campus someone with more than merely armchair and seminar-room left politics. (The fact that I have such politics is readily available from one or two halfway intelligent Google searches of my name.) That would open them up to the charge of polluting academia with āpolitics.ā
So what if everything that the preponderantly un-radical majority of academics do is richly political and ideological beneath carefully constructed yet preposterous claims of detached, Mandarin-like āobjectivityā and āneutralityā? And so what if a large number of transparently political operatives from the United Statesā military, imperial, and corporate establishment regularly hold down prestigious and highly paid positions in U.S. colleges and universities? Those professorsā teachings and publications pose no threat to the concentrated power centers that ultimately control āhigher education.ā Their politics are not a problem for the powers that be. It is only leftish junior professors, temporary instructors, and adjuncts already on the margins of academe who get lectures from establishment academic scolds like Stanley Fish on how they need to āSave the World on Your Own Timeā and not on the universityās dime.
If college hiring committees have any doubt about the higher authoritiesā willingness to punish professors for becoming ātoo politicalā in the wrong kinds of ways, it can read about a growing number of cases in which left academics (including even tenured ones like Ward Churchill) have been stripped of their positions and essentially banned from āhigher educationā (like the brilliant Norman Finkelstein) for transparently political and ideological reasons.
The ideological control of the university is intimately related to the economics of āhigher educationā in the neoliberal era.Ā Professors who profess too much in ways that might offend concentrated power are easily dispensed with when they are hired only by the course, semester, or academic year.Ā Department chairs and deans can avoid headaches merely by not renewing the troublemakersā contracts. Adjuncts and temporary instructors (glorified āAssistant Professorsā at many universities) who wish to keep a foothold in academia are well advised not to rock doctrinal boats. As the AAUP notes, āThe insecure relationship between contingent faculty members and their institutions can chill the climate for academic freedomā¦Contingent faculty may be less likely to take risks in the classroom or in scholarly and service workā¦.The free exchange of ideas may be hampered by the fear of dismissal for unpopular utterances.ā
The ideological disciplining power of neoliberal university economics extends down to students. Students who must begin paying off exorbitant student debts the day after they graduate are not likely to spend their college years honing their critical thinking and activist skills in ways that would help them become effective agents of social and environmental justice and revolutionary change. They need to focus on coursework that will help them garner big salaries from corporations.
Meanwhile, escalating tuition makes college unaffordable for the lower and working class students who would be most likely to challenge reigning hierarchies in meaningful ways. For that reason among many others, I find it difficult to bemoan absence from the hollowed-out halls of higher education. Children of and/or on the way to privilege are not my cup of tea and increasingly itās the offspring of the wellborn who are the only ones left glancing at tepid professors while checking their Facebook pages in the lecture hall.
Paul Street is teaching a course on the history of U.S. social movements this January with ZNet’s World Institute for Social Change
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3 Comments
No matter how uphill the the struggle is for intellectual freedom in our universities and colleges, we should never give up in our quest for academic freedom and fundamental social change. Although the struggle is daunting against this neoliberal tyranny and agenda, if we continue to struggle collectively through grassroots education and mobilization, we will prevail ultimately since we have truth and love on our side. Noam Chomsky has mentioned this extensively in his writings and talks. Thus, we’ll prevail ultimately, but we must have faith in ourselves, courage, determination, and discipline..
George, in all seriousness, this is U.S. academia having returned for quite sometime to its long term norm of abject servility to concentrated power. We could use a lot of smart people with progressive ideals and useful skills (for example, language skills for reaching out to immigrant workers) to stop clinging to the neoliberal university’s coattails and start engaging more with working class and poor people beyond privileged zones like so-called higher education. We will absolutely NOT prevail if we don’t get our shit together organizationally and politically. Truth, love, and courage are great but in the absence of organization, strategy, and vision they will not get you much past simple survival…which matters, of course.
While I am sure there are plenty of contradictions, I am glad to see movements on college campuses. Missouri football players hit the university where it hurts-football budget. It is interesting that the players are stiff-arming the media rather than running off to be on Harris-Perry’s “left-wing” talk show. My son attends the University of Kentucky on a merit scholarship. The head of the Honors Program referenced the recovering Yale professor who did a take down of the Ivy League establishment. While I agree with your assessment of “left-wing” Acedemia, I think we need to focus on supporting our state universities and public schools-my son attended integrated middle and high schools in Charleston, WVa. not a privileged private school or a private-public school.
I myself come from the lowest wrung of society-History of Mental Illness-yet I managed to make a stab at being a college professor (I taught US and World History, Sociology and Humanities and Spanish in the Public Schools and GED at Job Corps and at a non-profit). I rarely pulled or pull any punches. I lost about a third of the students my first semester teaching History by calling out the triumpheret anti-communism as a fraud-my Spanish professor who had a picture of Castro and Che on her wall recommended me to the History Department. It was in the public schools where I ran into the black-to this day I do not know what combination of my left-wing politics or History of Mental illness brought this on. However, I would suggest that those on the left sharpen their focus on the decrepit institution of psychiatry.