Elliott Abrams, President Donald Trumpās special envoy for Venezuela, appeared before the House Committee on Foreign Relations on Wednesday.
About two hours into the hearing, committee member Rep. Ilhan Omar, D-Minn., noted that Abrams pleaded guiltyĀ in 1991 to withholding information about the Iran-Contra affair from Congress. āI fail to understand,ā Omar said, āwhy members of this committee or the American people should find any testimony that you give today to be truthful.ā
Omarās skepticism was well-founded: Just moments later, Abrams told her several egregious lies.
Abramsās most notable lies occurred during this exchange about his actions as assistant secretary of state in the 1980s during the Reagan administration:
OMAR: On February 8, 1982, you testified before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee about U.S. policy in El Salvador. In that hearing, you dismissed as communist propaganda reports about the massacre at El Mozote in which more than 800 civilians, including children as young as 2 years old, were brutally murdered by U.S.-trained troops. During that massacre, some of those troops bragged about raping a 12-year-old girl, girls, before they killed them. You later said that the U.S. policy in El Salvador was a āfabulous achievement.ā Yes or no, do you still think so?
ABRAMS: From the day that President Duarte was elected in a free election, to thisĀ day, El Salvador has been a democracy. Thatās a fabulous achievement.
Abramsās words were ānot only factually, demonstrably untrue, but grossly so,ā according to Alejandro Velasco, a professor of modern Latin American history at New York University. His testimony, said Velasco, ācontinues a pattern he has shown since the 1980s of hubristically rejecting out of hand any suggestion that defeating social justice struggles in the 1980s, through the most brutal means, should in any way be seen as anything other than a resounding victory for the U.S.ā
To start: When JosĆ© Napoleón Duarte was elected president of El Salvador in 1984, it was not āa free election.ā
Duarte was one of many Salvadoran politicians who spent time on the CIAās payroll. In March 1980, he joined a junta that had recently seized power, and by the end of the year had become the juntaās head. He stayed there for the next year and a half ā a period of stunning, gaudy brutality by the Salvadoran military against the countryās population. Tens of thousands were slaughtered withĀ U.S support, including those killed during the El Mozote massacre described by Omar.
Pratap Chitnis, a member of the U.K. House of Lords, traveled to El Salvador to witness the 1984 election on behalf of the British Parliamentary Human Rights Group. āCrucial to the whole standing of the exercise,ā he reported, āwas the fact that no politicians to the left of [Duarteās] Christian Democratsā could participate. Why? Because, said official British observers, āhad these representatives campaigned openly, they would have run a very high risk of being assassinatedā by right-wing death squads.
This was something like a U.S. presidential electionĀ in which the furthest-left candidate was Ted Cruz. Duarteās only real competition was Roberto DāAubuisson, founder of the ultraright wing ARENA party, who several years before had orderedĀ the assassination of Ćscar Romero, the beloved archbishop of San Salvador.
Many Salvadorans he encountered, Chitnis wrote, ālaughed at the significance of the electionsā given āthe atmosphere of terror and despair, of macabre rumour and grisly reality.ā
However, the Reagan administration realized that DāAubuissonĀ would be a PR disaster. So after enabling the elimination of El Salvadorās left, they intervened with massive covert support for Duarte, the āmoderate.ā
Thomas Carothers, a colleague of Abrams at the State Department, later wrote a book titled āIn the Name of Democracy: U.S. Policy Toward Latin America in the Reagan Years.ā Carothers was sympathetic to Abramsās perspective and in fact, interviewed him for the book. Carothers statesĀ that āthe administration approached the elections with two goals: ensuring that technically credible elections were held and that the Christian Democratic candidate, JosĆ© Napoleón Duarte, won.ā
To that end, Carothers said, the CIA provided āa significant amount of funds, possibly between $1 million and $3 million, for Duarteās campaign.ā In addition, the U.S. Agency for International Development overtlyĀ provided significant funds to help him. Jesse Helms, thenĀ North Carolinaās far-right senator and a supporter of DāAubuisson,Ā complained bitterlyĀ that the CIA bought the election for Duarte, whom he described as āa socialist.ā
āAn election was held within a very limited range of the political spectrum; choices were given but very few,ā Chitnis wrote. āI asked relatives of the disappeared and brutally murdered, āDo you think things will be better now that President Duarte has been elected?ā āIt was under President Duarte that these things happened in the first placeā, they replied.ā
Thus, Abrams obviously knows that this was no āfree election.ā As in the past, he was consciously attempting to deceive Congress.
Needless to say, it also is not the case that āEl Salvador has been a democracyā since 1984. Control of the country remained in the hands of the military, with Duarte a largely powerless figurehead. The cruel war of the government against Salvadorans ground on for years. In 1986, the archbishop of El Salvador condemnedĀ indiscriminate bombing of civilians by the air force, and the establishment of free fire zones in which any inhabitants were deemed to be guerrillas and hence worthy targets.
When Duarteās term was ending in 1989, the FMLN guerrilla group proposed a peace plan under which they would participate in the elections for a new president. DuarteĀ rejected it, setting up a second election in which his party would be the left-most boundary of the possible. This time, however, ARENA āwon.ā According to the center-rightĀ Economist magazine, the āarmy frightened the voters, [ARENA] fixed the results, and its electoral commission delayed announcing themā until the vote tallies could be adjusted.
ARENA celebrated its democratic triumph with the notorious murder of six Jesuit priests and their housekeeper at Central American University in San Salvador. When Congress sent a delegation to investigate what was going on in El Salvador, they found that 14 of the top 15 highest-ranking Salvadoran military officers had ties to death squads.
By the time the next two elections came in 1994 and 1999, Abrams was out of office. Perhaps coincidentally, both were largely legitimate, at least formally. By 2004, Abrams was back in government in the George W. Bush administration, and the U.S. again attemptedĀ to intervene to pick the electionās winner. In 2009, with Abrams out of power once again, the FMLN won a presidential election for the first time.
The Economist now characterizes the Salvadoran political system as a āhybrid regime,ā meaning that āelections have substantial irregularities that often prevent them from being both free and fair.ā They have not permitted any genuine change that would allow the deep wounds of Salvadoran society to heal.
El Salvador now has by far the highest murder rate in the worldĀ āĀ 15 times that of the U.S. and about 50 percent higher than Venezuela, itself notoriously violent. It is beset by āpervasive criminal gangs.ā At $8,900, its per capita GDPĀ ranksĀ 146thĀ in the world. According to the CIA Factbook, at least 20 percent of its population lives abroad, compared to 10 percent of Venezuelans āĀ a situation which is rightfully seen as a crisis.
So Abrams is just as willing now as he was 30 years ago to mislead Congress. But whatās most ominous is that āĀ given that he sees El Salvador as a āfabulous achievementā ā he presumably would see a similar outcome for Venezuela as a fabulous achievement as well.
āNo one who even marginally believes in democracy, human rights, and the self-determination of peoples can count Abrams as an ally, as his actual record amply demonstrates,ā said Velasco. āAnyone who does so is either willfully ignorant or worse, complicit in the very crimes they say they are trying to combat in Venezuela.ā
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