Source: The New Republic
Last Friday, aĀ videoĀ went viral of a bemused German driver navigating through floodwaters, laughing at a floating car before realizing that he had lost control himself. It was a lighthearted moment amidĀ floodingĀ that has killed at least 110 in Europe, a devastatingĀ droughtĀ in Brazil, deadlyĀ landslidesĀ in India, and heat waves andĀ wildfires in the Pacific Northwest. We are all navigating a climate-changed century in very different vessels. Twenty-one lawmakers from across the world, however, say thereās a better, more collaborative option.
TheĀ Global Alliance for a Green New Deal, launching Monday, counts among its initial group lawmakers from every continent except Antarctica, belonging to bothĀ opposition and governing parties from Tanzania to the United States, represented by founding member Congresswoman Ilhan Omar. Their goal is to put the principles of a Green New Deal at the heart of aĀ global recovery from Covid-19, united āin the pursuit of economic, social, racial and ecological justice and in global solidarity,ā the groupāsĀ founding declarationĀ states. āWe are at one in our belief in the need for a rapid and just transition to an economy that operates within planetary boundaries and supports human flourishing.ā
That means āsignificantā public investment in clean energy and conservation, coupled with policies to reduce resource use in the global north. They also plan to tackle problems they say are hampering countriesāĀ ability to adapt to and reduce climate change, like tax dodging, vaccine inequality, and debtĀ burdens.Ā Among the founding calls of the alliance, accordingly, is to ādismantle the systems of predatory finance that are responsible for keeping governments on a debt-treadmill, undermining public services and contributing to social and environmental destruction.ā
āThereās this big force of neoliberalism that is a boat keeping on in the same direction. We need to join our forces to divert the direction of that boat.ā
They also aim to putĀ pressure on world governmentsĀ aheadĀ of the United Nations climate talks, COP 26, set to take place in Glasgow, Scotland, this November; aĀ studyĀ released late last year found that G20 governments are committing 60Ā percentĀ more to fossil fuelābased activities than to sustainable investments in their Covid-19 responses.
The idea āis that all of us are fighting at all levels, but we have something bigger in front of us,ā founding alliance member Manon Aubry, a French member of the European Parliament who co-chairs its Left Group and co-founded its Inter-Group on the Green New Deal, told me by phone. āThereās this big force of neoliberalism that is a boat keeping on in the same direction. We need to join our forces to divert the direction of that boat.ā
The Global Alliance for a Green New Deal is, in part, a response to aĀ spate of net-zero pledges that have emerged from corporations and governments over the last several years. In the European Union, politicians are in the process of rolling out a āGreen Deal,ā details of which were announced last week. Among other measures, the āFit for 55ā (percent emissions reductions by 2030) plan will create new carbon markets for carbon-intensive sectors, phase out coal, and end the sale of fossil fueled internal combustion vehicles by 2035.
To observers in the U.S.āespecially those paying attention to the slow progress of infrastructure negotiationsāthese European policy proposals and pledges might sound great. But left-leaning ContinentalĀ lawmakers are quick to point out that the bar shouldnāt be nearly so low.
In the past few years, environmentalists and democratic socialists (or other leftists) have started to band together as the weather and electoral constituencies have begun to shift.
āThey are not challenging ⦠our agricultural policies that are very carbon intensive and polluting,āĀ Aubry said of the climate proposals out of Brussels, noting that the plan falls short of theĀ 65 percent reductionsĀ needed for the bloc to do its part keeping warming below 1.5 degrees CelsiusĀ (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit).Ā āThey are not challenging austerity policies that limit the ability of states to invest in renewable energy or insulation. They keep on the same logic of free trade,ā she added, referring in part to theĀ Energy Charter TreatyĀ that protects fossil fuel investments.
The Alliance offers other models to draw on.Ā Costa Rica is one of the few places on earth with aĀ national decarbonization planĀ on the books, passed by the ruling Citizens Action Party in 2019. Currently, the country gets roughlyĀ 99 percentĀ of its electricity from renewables. Paola Vega Rodriguez, a founding member of the alliance and Citizens Action Party congresswoman, chairs the legislatureās Environmental Committee. She urged other countries to see their plan as an inspiration, but noted the challenge of putting climate at the center of an economic and developmentĀ policy more broadly. āHungry people will not make the climate issue a priority, but they will make it a priority if climate policy offers them a job. I think it is the great challenge that we have, and the Alliance can help us with that,ā she said over the phone.
Aside from being a relatively novel union of lawmakers from the global north and global south, the Global Alliance for a Green New Deal represents a new sort ofĀ āred-greenāĀ pact that young voters, swelling the ranks of left-wing and green parties in many countries, have made possible. In the past few years, environmentalists and democratic socialists (or other leftists) have started to band together as the weather and electoral constituencies have begun to shift.
Caroline Lucas is a longtime Green Party member of Parliament in the U.K., and co-chair of the All Party Parliamentary Group on the Green New Deal. Back in 2007, she became a founding member of the U.K.ās Green New Deal Group, a set of thinkers who did some of the earliest research on what an ecologically sustainable recovery might look like. āThere is an opportunity to think much bigger even than we did in 2007, because what we have learned is that governments can do big things,ā she said, noting expansive governmental responsesāin the U.K., especiallyāto Covid-19. In the eleventh year of Tory rule, the Green Party and Labour Party are attempting to combine forces, both in formations like the All Party Parliamentary Group that she chairs with Labour MP and fellow alliance co-founder Clive Lewis, and in elections. āWhat happens here so often is that the more progressive parties all contest, so we split the vote and the Conservatives go through the middle and win the seat. There is an increasing recognition that that is serving no one.ā
Left-wing lawmakers face a somewhat similar situation in Ecuador, which elected right-wing President Guillermo Lasso earlier this year. National Assembly member Esther Cuesta served for a decade in Rafael Correaās Pink Tide government, and represents Ecuadorian migrants abroad. Now in opposition, she would like to see the Union for Hopeāthe largest parliamentary opposition groupāfind common cause with the Pachakutik, the second-largest opposition group and the electoral arm of the muscular Indigenous federation, CONAIE, after aĀ contentious history. āI think it is possible to get minimum consensus on legislation that can promote a just recovery, a greener economy, a more sustainable economy,ā she told me. āWe share many visions.ā
Internationally, Cuesta isĀ eager to see collaboration from the North and South transform multilateral institutions that have ensnared countries like Ecuador in punishing debt arrangements; the Global Alliance for a Green New Deal is calling for both widespread debt relief and to democratize the Bretton Woods institutionsāi.e., the International Monetary Fund and World Bank. āItās good to have an ally in Washington. Itās good to have an ally to be able to propose changes in the enormous debt that we have with the IMF,ā Cuesta said. āHaving this collaboration and cooperation with legislators in the North can help us lobby institutions in which the South would otherwise have much less of a voice.ā
The Alliance also offers a complement to theĀ Paris Agreement on climate changeācurrently the primary international framework on this topic. The Paris Agreement encourages countries individually to come up with their own plans to satisfy their ācommon but differentiated responsibilityā to lower global emissions, via state or bloc-wide (in the case of the EU) nationally determined contributions. These NDCs are all meant to add up to keep warming āwell belowā two degrees Celsius. Whatever the merits of that approach, many also see the need for additional forms of collaboration to help manage the wide-ranging transformation that both a global energy transition and climate adaptation will require. Inadequate commitments on climate finance from the global northāin other words, a reluctance to pay itsĀ fair shareĀ given its disproportionate contribution to global warmingāhave always been a major sticking point of U.N. climate talks but have reached a fever pitch over the last year, inflamed by the disastrously unequal global vaccine rollout and therefore divergent prospects for economic recovery.
Green energyās proliferation in the global north, as well, is premised on mining for more minerals. Plenty of that is happening in the South, and while there arenāt currently shortages of technology metals like lithiumāused to make batteries that power electric carsāthereĀ could be soon. Alliance members point out thatĀ lines of communication between sources of demand and supply for lithium could prevent exploitation by supporting consistent labor standards and reductions in resource use in the North, while showing thatĀ decarbonization is a thoroughly international process that canāt be decided solely within national borders.
āA transformation in one country canāt be built on the extraction of resources and the exploitation of people in other countries,ā Caroline Lucas said. āA real Green New Deal worthy of the name would recognize the U.K.ās colonial history and climate debt to the global south. Part of that would need to be about transferring technology, canceling debt, and learning from Indigenous communities in the global south,ā for example when it comes to land management and biodiversity.
āIndigenous peoples protect forest carbon more effectively than anyone else in the Amazon,ā addedĀ Joenia Wapichana, an Alliance co-founder whoās aĀ member of the Wapixana tribe of northern Brazil and the first Indigenous woman elected to Brazilās Federal Parliament. Sheās helped start the Alliance, she said, āto join forces so my work in parliament can contribute to the strengthening of the legislative process in defense of collective rights, the environment and in defense of Indigenous peoples.ā
As the U.S. political class this week focuses on the infrastructure battle on the Hill, the Alliance offers a much-needed reminder of climate changeās international context.Ā Even the progressive edge of climate politics in the U.S. can be a bit parochial, omitting questions of climate finance, debt, and historical responsibility that are roiling in U.N. climate talks and other multilateral institutions. As Congress haggles over the details of a clean energy standard and electric vehicle chargers, itĀ can be easy to forget that the U.S. is not, in fact, the center of the universe. For the planetās sake, thatās almost certainly a good thing.
Kate Aronoff is a staff writer atĀ The New Republic. @KateAronoff
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