Yayifanelekile ngandlel’ ithile ukuba iindaba zokuqala zengxaki ka-Uri Avnery zifike kum zivela kwenye yezona ntshaba zinamandla zikaSirayeli, inkokeli yaseLebhanon yaseDruze. UWalid Jumblatt. Enye intsomi ithumela iindaba ezibuhlungu yenye, uyabona, usoshiyali ulungiselela ukuzilela usoshiyali ongugxa wakhe, ethumela uvelwano ngesithandi sobulumko sakwaSirayeli esineminyaka engama-94 ubudala. Kwaeso sithandi sobulumko sasikhe sayinkwenkwe yesikolo yamaJuda yaseJamani, ekuqaleni eyayibizwa ngokuba nguHelmut Ostermann, owala ukukhahlela uHitler esikolweni, kodwa wayengubani, xa ndandifumana umyalezo kaJumblatt - nangoku, nje - "ingqondo eyimfuneko ukuqonda imbali ye-fascism, eyona nto itshabalalisayo kwinkulungwane yama-20”. Amazwi kaJumblatt. U-Avnery, wongeze, waqonda "imbali yeZionism, enye ithiyori yocalucalulo ecekisekayo elilihlumelo lobufascism".
Uri Avnery wahlaselwa yintliziyo enkulu ngempelaveki waza wafa ngoMvulo kusasa, kodwa yena ngokwakhe i Zionist, okanye ubuncinane ikholwa ngasekhohlo, isibindi kodwa uthobekile "ukukhanya phakathi kwezizwe" uSirayeli; uhlobo uninzi lwethu, ezintliziyweni zethu zentliziyo, olungathanda ukukholelwa kulo. Wayeluhlobo lukaSirayeli esithi thina sintliziyo esophayo siye sibone xa sifika Sirayeli kuba bathetha into esifuna ukuyiva.
“Xelela uJumblatt ukuba kufuneka azahlule izigwebo zakhe zibe ziziqendu,” watsho uAvnery xa ndandishiya indlu yakhe eTel Aviv kwiminyaka emithandathu eyadlulayo. Uthetha yonke into kwitekisi enye ende kwaye kunzima nokuphefumla. Isifundo esidluliselwe kuJumblatt ngokufanelekileyo sisuka kwindoda ehlala ibhala imihlathi yesivakalisi esinye, umkhwa ocaphukisayo wobuntatheli betabloid othi ngamanye amaxesha udlulise umyalezo kakuhle.
Ndimele ndivume ukuba u-Uri Avnery wayengomnye wamagorha am akuMbindi Mpuma - akakho maninzi - kwaye ibali lakhe liyifanelekele imuvi, nangona kungasayi kubakho Spielbergs ukuyikhokela: umbhali, intatheli, i-leftist, igqala lomkhosi wakwa-Israel. kwiMfazwe yeNkululeko yelizwe – nanjengoko engazange alibale, kwaloo mfazwe inye eyagxotha ama-750,000 asePalestina kwikhaya nakwimihlaba yawo. Udlale i-chess no-Arafat ngexesha lokungqingwa kwe-Beirut ngo-1982 - qiniseka, oku kuya kuba kwimihlathi emibini yokuqala ye-obituary namhlanje - kwaye iileta zakhe zeendaba ezinomsindo kodwa ezinobuqhetseba ziza kufika ngoLwesihlanu emva kwemini, zigweba uNetanyahu ngokuhanahanisa kwakhe kunye nobuhlanga, uSharon. ngenxa yokubathiya kwakhe abantu basePalestina, abaphoswayo bekhaya elizele ziincwadi eTel Aviv, kufutshane nolwandle kodwa kwisitrato esithobekileyo, esizolileyo apho uAvnery wayenokugquma aze agqume.
Wayesisithulu xa ndiphinda ndadibana naye - kwaye okokugqibela - kwiminyaka emithandathu eyadlulayo, kodwa wathetha ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngezivakalisi ezigqibeleleyo, kangangokuba usiba lwam lwatsibela kumaphepha encwadana yam yade yaphelelwa yi-inki yaza. Kwafuneka ndibe eyakhe ibhiro. Ndisenayo le ncwadi, kwaye i-inki iyatshintsha ukusuka kumnyama wam ukuya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngexesha apho ethetha ngesantya esiphezulu malunga neHamas, awayedla ngokudibana nayo, enomsindo wokuba iGaza iye yajika yaba libali malunga nokuhlaselwa kwe-rocket kunye nokuziphindezela.
“Nanini na omabini la macala efuna ukuqala ukudubula kwakhona, baya kwenza,” utshilo. I-inki yayisandula ukutshintsha umbala wayo ephepheni. “EGush Shalom [eyasekwa ngu-Avnery], sakhupha isincamathelisi kwiminyaka emihlanu eyadlulayo, esasisithi: ‘Thetha neHamas’.”
Oku akusiyo i-obituary ka-Uri Avnery, nangona iziko linomsebenzi omkhulu wobuntatheli webali elinesiqalo, umbindi kunye nesiphelo. Ngenxa yokuba izilumkiso zika-Avnery kunye nenzululwazi yayiyixesha langoku-ngokuqinisekileyo ebholeni kwiindaba zanamhlanje ezivela kuMbindi Mpuma-ukuba zinokuphinda-phinda ngoku, namhlanje, ngokungathi igorha elidala lasekhohlo lisaphila. Kwaye kukho kwincwadana yam yeminyaka emithandathu ubudala, ephila kakhulu, esafuna uxolo kunye namaPalestina, uxolo kunye neHamas, kunye nesisa kunye nelizwe lasePalestina kwimida yakudala ye-1967 - ukunika okanye ukuthatha iimayile ezimbalwa - kwaye uyakholelwa. USirayeli unokuba noxolo ngomso, kwiveki ezayo. Ukuba uNetanyahu wayeyifuna. “Ilishwa lokuba nethemba elingenakulungiseka,” yindlela awayichaza ngayo ingxaki awayekuyo kum. Okanye mhlawumbi illusionist?
Intsapho yakhe yabaleka eJamani yamaNazi Palestina ndaza ndaya kumbona kwakhona – lowo wayedlale umdlalo wechess no-Arafat – emva kwendyikityha yokufa kwabantu abafikelela kwi-1982 basePalestina ababefikelela kwi-1,700 kwiinkampu zeembacu zaseSabra naseChatila eBeirut, ulwaphulo-mthetho lwemfazwe olwenziwa ngamahlakani akwaSirayeli angama-Christian Phalangist lo gama amajoni akwa-Israel ebukele kodwa enze njalo. ungangeneleli. Ndandihambe ndinqumla imizimba enkampini. Ngaba abasindi bokuBulawa Kwabantu Ngenkohlakalo kwamaYuda nabantwana babo babenokukuvumela njani oku kwenzeke kubemi basePalestina, ndabuza uAvnery? UAvnery wayeneminyaka engama-63 kuphela ubudala ngelo xesha. Impendulo yakhe ifanelekile ukuba iprintwe, ngokupheleleyo:
“Ndiza kukuxelela okuthile ngokuBulawa Kwabantu Ngenkohlakalo. Kuya kuba kuhle ukukholelwa ukuba abantu abaye babandezeleka baye bahlanjululwa kukubandezeleka. Kodwa okuchaseneyo, kubenza babe mandundu. Iyonakalisa. Kukho into ekubandezelekeni eyenza uhlobo lwe-egoism. UHerzog [umongameli wakwaSirayeli ngelo xesha] wayethetha kwindawo ekwakuvalelwe kuyo inkampu yoxinaniso eBergen-Belsen kodwa wayethetha ngamaYuda kuphela. Akanakukhankanya njani ukuba abanye - abanye abaninzi - babandezelekile apho? Abantu abagulayo, xa besentlungwini, abakwazi kuthetha ngomnye umntu ngaphandle kwabo. Yaye xa izinto ezimanyumnyezi ngolo hlobo ziye zehlela abantu bakowenu, uvakalelwa kukuba akukho nto inokuthelekiswa nayo. Ufumana i ‘power of attorney’ yokuziphatha, imvume yokwenza nantoni na oyifunayo – kuba akukho nto inokuthelekiswa nento eyenzekileyo kuthi. Oku kukungakhuseleki kokuziphatha okuvakala ngokucacileyo kwaSirayeli. Wonke umntu uqinisekile ukuba i-IDF inobubele kunawo nawuphi na umkhosi. ‘Ukuhlanjululwa kwezixhobo’ yayisisilogeni somkhosi kaHagana ngowe-’48. Kodwa ayizange ibe yinyani kwaphela.”
Yaye uAvnery wayelilungu laloo mkhosi, wenzakele kakhulu kwimfazwe yowe-1948; wade waba lilungu leKnesset, kodwa woyikiswa yikhabhinethi yakwaSirayeli emva kokuba edibene noYasser Arafat eBeirut. Kufuneka agwetywe ngenxa yokungcatsha umbuso, abaphathiswa bakwa-Israel bathi. Ndicinga ukuba uAvnery wayenebhongo ngaloo nto. Ubuntu bakhe oburhabaxa, obucaphukayo, nobukhaliphileyo bunokwamkela ukufela ukholo kwezopolitiko ngamaxesha athile, into abasoshiyali banamhlanje phantse bayoyika ukuyiqwalasela.
UNetanyahu - kwiminyaka emithandathu edlulileyo xa ndagqibela ukumbona uAvnery kwaye kwada kwada kwayimihla engaphambi kokufa kwakhe - wacaphukisa ijoni elidala lakwa-Israel lika-1948. Yayiyintoni imfazwe yaseGaza eyayifuna ukuyifeza, ndambuza ngo-2012 - kuba kukho "ixesha nje" Imfazwe yaseGaza kwimbali yamva nje yase-Israel, kwaye yamva nje, ngoNovemba waloo nyaka, yabulala abantu abayi-107 eGaza kunye nabemi abane kwicala lakwa-Israeli lomgca. Kwaye yintoni uNetanyahu kunye norhulumente wakhe - ngoko kwaye, ndicinga ukuba, namhlanje - benza, ndambuza?
Amehlo ka-Avnery ayekhazimla kwaye wayitshicela impendulo yakhe. “Ucinga ukuba uyayazi into abayifunayo [urhulumente kaNetanyahu] kwaye ucinga ukuba bafuna uxolo- kwaye ke umgaqo-nkqubo wabo usisidenge okanye uyageza. Kodwa ukuba ucinga ukuba abaluniki uxolo kodwa bafuna ilizwe lamaJuda ukusuka kwiMeditera ukuya kuMlambo iYordan, ke le nto bayenzayo iyavakala. Ingxaki yeyokuba le nto bayifunayo ikhokelela kwi-cul de sac… Ukuba bathimba iWest Bank njengoko beyithathile iJerusalem esempuma, akwenzi mahluko ungako. Inkathazo kukuba kulo mmandla ngoku olawulwa yi-Israel, kukho malunga nama-49 ekhulwini amaYuda kunye nama-Arabhu angama-51 ekhulwini - kwaye le bhalansi iya kuba nkulu minyaka le ngenxa yokuba ukwanda kwemvelo kwicala lama-Arabhu kukhulu kakhulu kunokwanda kwemvelo. kwicala lethu. Ngoko ke owona mbuzo ngulo: ukuba lo mgaqo-nkqubo uyaqhubeka, iyakuba luhlobo luni loburhulumente? Njengokuba kunjalo namhlanje, ngurhulumente wocalucalulo, ucalucalulo olupheleleyo kwimimandla eyayithathiwe kunye nocalucalulo olukhulayo kwaSirayeli – kwaye ukuba oku kuyaqhubeka, kuya kuba lucalucalulo olupheleleyo kwilizwe lonke, ngokungenakuphikiswa.”
Ingxabano ka-Avnery yaqhubeka ingenamfiliba. Ukuba abemi bama-Arabhu banikwe amalungelo oluntu, kuya kubakho isininzi sama-Arabhu kwi-Knesset kwaye into yokuqala abaya kuyenza kukutshintsha igama elithi “Israel” kwaye bathi igama elithi “Palestine”, “kunye nayo yonke [iZiyoni] iminyaka eli-130 edluleyo iphanzile”. Ukuhlanjululwa kwabantu abaninzi beentlanga ngenkulungwane yama-21, uAvnery wandiqinisekisa. Ndithe nqa.
Wayehlala ecinga ngokubhubha kuka-Israel “Ekhohlo”- “babelala ebusika”, watsho emva kokuba u-Ehud Barack, inkokeli (yakwaSirayeli) yaBasebenzi, ebuyile kwiintetho zika-Camp David ngo-2000 njengenkokeli eyazibiza ngokuba yinkokeli “yoxolo. inkampu”, “kwaye wasixelela ukuba asinaqabane loxolo”. Oku yaba sisibetho sokufa. YayingengoNetanyahu owathetha oku, kodwa yinkokeli yeqela lezabasebenzi. Esi yaba sisiphelo se “Uxolo Ngoku".
Mhlawumbi amazwi akhe alandelayo kufuneka abhalwe engcwabeni lika-Avnery. “Ukudibana kwam no-Arafat ngo-1982” – wayeza kudibana naye kwakhona amaxesha amaninzi – “imigaqo yayikhona yonke. Ubuncinci bePalestine kunye namagama aphezulu afanayo: ilizwe lasePalestina elisecaleni kwe-Israel, elibandakanya i-West Bank, i-Gaza Strip kunye ne-East Jerusalem njengenkunzi, ukutshintshiselwana komhlaba omncinci kunye nesisombululo esingokomfanekiso kwingxaki yababaleki. Kodwa oku kulele etafileni njengentyatyambo ebunayo…”
UAvnery wahlala eqinisekile ukuba iHamas iya kwamkela okufanayo. Wabafundisa eGaza ngowe-1993, “ndimi apho, ndijongene neesheikh ezingama-500 ezineendevu ezimnyama, ndithetha nazo ngesiHebhere – ndaqhwatywa izandla ndamenyelwa kwisidlo sasemini”. Kubo, uAvnery, wacacisa, iPalestina “yi-waqf” yaye ayinakunikelwa, kodwa isivumelwano sinokungcwaliswa nguThixo. Ukuba bathembisa isivumelwano iminyaka engama-50, kwanele kum ngokobuqu. Ngokuqinisekileyo, wathi, i-manifesto ye-Hamas ifuna ukutshabalalisa uSirayeli. “Kodwa ukubhangisa i-manifesto yinto enzima kakhulu ukuyenza- ngaba amaRussia akhe ayishiya i-manifesto yamakomanisi? I-PLO yenze eyabo. "
Emva koko, ngo-2012, ndagqiba ingxelo yam kwi-Avnery eneminyaka eyi-89 ngokuqaphela ukuba "kukho ngaphezu kwe-liberals embalwa kwaSirayeli abanethemba lokuba u-Uri Avnery uphila enye iminyaka engama-89". Ngoku sele bembalwa nangakumbi abantu abakhululekileyo abaseleyo, yaye uAvnery waphila iminyaka engaphantsi kwemithandathu. Bekuza kubakho itheko lakhe lokuzalwa leminyaka engama-95 eTel Aviv kwinyanga ezayo. Ukuba basayibambile, nangona kunjalo, abahlobo baka-Avnery - kunye neentshaba - kufuneka bavakalise ukuba uAvnery ufile. Kodwa ke yongeza: Uphile ixesha elide Avnery.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela
1 amagqabantshintshi
Ndafunda ngo-Uri kade, kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo xa wayekwiminyaka yakhe yama-80. Ndafunda ngaye kubantu abanyanisekileyo abafana noNoam Chomsky, uRobert Fisk nabanye. Ebeyindoda ekhaliphileyo nenyanisekileyo kwaye ndibuhlungu ngokusweleka kwakhe. Hlala u-Uri! ¡Viva Uri!