Ukubhala kwi-Daily Mirror, uJohn Pilger ukhumbula iindaba zemfazwe yaseVietnam kunye nendlela izenzo ezikhohlakeleyo zaseMelika kunye nokuhlushwa kwakungaqwalaselwanga njengeendaba. Kwakunjalo nangenkohlakalo yamathanga aseBritani. 'E-Iraq', ubhala, 'akukho nto itshintshileyo'.
Ukuqala kwam ukuya kuxela imfazwe yaseMelika nxamnye neVietnam, ngeminyaka yoo-1960, ndandwendwela iiofisi zeSaigon zamaphephandaba amakhulu aseMelika neenkampani zikamabonwakude, kunye namaziko eendaba ehlabathi.
Ndachukunyiswa kukufana kwemiboniso kwiibhodi zabo ezininzi zeeofisi. โKulapho sixhoma khona izazela zethu,โ watsho omnye umfoti.
Kwakukho iifoto zemizimba enqunyulweyo, yamajoni ebambe iindlebe ezinqunyuliweyo kunye namasende kunye nelo xesha lentuthumbo. Kwakukho amadoda nabafazi ababebethwa bade bafe, barhaxwa, bahlazeke ngeendlela ezijika izisu. Kwenye ifoto kwakukho ibhaluni ebethelelwe intonga phezu kwentloko yomthuthumbisi, eyayisithi: โOko kuya kukufundisa ukuthetha noonondaba.โ
Umbuzo wawuvela qho xa iindwendwe zibona le mifanekiso: kutheni ingapapashwanga? Impendulo eqhelekileyo yayiyeyokuba amaphephandaba ayengayi kuzipapasha, kuba abafundi bawo babengayi kuyamkela. Kwaye ukuzipapasha, ngaphandle kwengcaciso yeemeko ezibanzi zemfazwe, yayikukuba "yimvakalelo".
Ekuqaleni, ndayamkela ingqiqo ecacileyo yoku; Izenzo zenkohlakalo kunye nokungcungcuthekiswa โthinaโ ngokuqinisekileyo yayiziimpazamo ngokwengcaciso. Imfundo yam emva koko yakhawuleza; kuba le ngqiqo ayizange ichaze ubungqina obukhulayo babemi ababuleweyo, abakhubazekileyo, abangenamakhaya kwaye bathunyelwe ngamabhomu "achasene nabasebenzi" awela kwiidolophana, izikolo kunye nezibhedlele.
Kwaye ayizange ichaze ukuba abantwana batshiswe kwi-pulp evuthayo yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-napalm, okanye amafama azingelwa kwi-helicopter "turkey shoots", okanye "umrhanelwa" wathuthunjiswa wafa ngentambo entanyeni yakhe, erhuqelwa ngasemva kwejee egcwele i-doped kwaye ehleka. Amajoni aseMelika.
Ayizange ichaze nesizathu sokuba amajoni amaninzi agcine amalungu omntu kwizipaji zawo nakumagosa omkhosi okhethekileyo agcina ukhakhayi lwabantu kwizindlu zawo, lubhalwe la mazwi: โInye phantsi, isigidi siyehla.โ
UPhilip Jones Griffiths, umfoti omkhulu waseWales endandisebenza naye eVietnam, wazama ukumisa igosa laseMelika livuthela iqela elixineneyo labafazi nabantwana.
โNgabemi,โ wakhwaza watsho.
โBaphi abemi?โ yafika impendulo.
UJones Griffiths nabanye bazama ukuba nomdla kumaziko eendaba kwimifanekiso eyayithetha inyaniso ngaloo mfazwe imasikizi. Impendulo yayisoloko isithi: โYintoni ke entsha?โ
Umahluko namhlanje kukuba inyaniso yohlaselo lwamaNgesi namaMerika ngokulinganayo eIraq ziindaba. Ngapha koko, amaxwebhu ePentagon avuzayo acacisa ukuba ukuthuthunjiswa kuxhaphakile eIraq. I-Amnesty International ithi โyinkquboโ.
Kwaye okwangoku, sele siqalisile ukuchonga into engenakuchazwa edibanisa uhlaselo lwaseVietnam kunye nohlaselo lwase-Iraq. Eli candelo lidibanisa uninzi lwemisebenzi yobukoloniyali, nokuba kuphi okanye nini. Ngundoqo wama impiriyali, igama kuphela ngoku elibuyiselwa kwizichazi-magama zethu. Bubuhlanga.
EKenya ngeminyaka yoo-1950, amaBritane abulala abantu baseKenya abaqikelelwa kwi-10,000 kwaye aqhuba iinkampu zoxinaniso apho iimeko zazinzima kangangokuba amabanjwa angama-402 abhubha kwinyanga nje enye. Ukungcungcuthekiswa, ukukatswa nokuxhatshazwa kwamabhinqa nabantwana yayiyinto eqhelekileyo. Umbhali-mbali uV. G. Kiernan wabhala wathi: โIintolongo ezikhethekileyo zazimbi njengazo naziphi na iintolongo zamaNazi okanye zaseJapan.โ
Akukho nanye kwezi yayiziindaba ngelo xesha. "Uloyiko lweMau Mau" lwabikwa kwaye lwabonwa ngendlela enye: "njengedemon" emnyama ngokuchasene nomhlophe. Umyalezo wocalucalulo wawucacile, kodwa ubuhlanga โowethuโ zange bukhankanywe.
EKenya, njengakwilinge laseMelika elingaphumelelanga ukwenza iVietnam ibe koloniyali, njengase-Iraq, ubuhlanga buphembelela uhlaselo olungacalulwanga kubantu, kunye nokungcungcuthekiswa. Ukufika kwabo eVietnam, abantu baseMelika bajonga iVietnam njengeentwala zabantu. Bazibiza ngokuba โngamagorhaโ โneedinkiโ โnamathambekaโ yaye babewabulala ngokomlinganiselo wemizi-mveliso, kanye njengokuba bawaxabela amaMerika Omthonyama; ngokwenene, Vietnam yaziwa ngokuba "ilizwe Indian".
E-Iraq, akukho nto itshintshileyo.
Ngokuqhayisa ngokuphandle ngokubulala โiimpuku kwindlwane yazo,โ abahlaseli baselwandle base-US, abathi e-Falluja badubula babulala abafazi, abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, kanye njengoko abahlaseli baseJamani badubula amaJuda abulalayo eWarsaw Ghetto, babebonakalisa ubuhlanga beenkokeli zabo.
UPaul W Wolfowitz, uSekela Nobhala wezoKhuseleko obizwa ngokuba ngumyili wokuhlasela kwe-Iraq, uthethe "ngeenyoka" kunye "nokukhupha imigxobhozo" "kwiindawo ezingaphucukanga zehlabathi".
Inxalenye enkulu yolu buhlanga bunobuhlanga bale mihla yaqanjwa eBritani. Mamela iintetho zayo ezifihlakeleyo, njengoko izithethi zaseBritani zifumana amagama abo e-weasel ekwaleni ukuvuma amanani ama-Iraqi abulewe okanye aphethwe ngamabhomu eqela lawo, enemiphumo yokwenyani engahlukanga kwimiphumo yokuzibulala; zizixhobo zobugrogrisi. Mamela uAdam Ingram, umphathiswa wezomkhosi, ebukele ipalamente, esala ukuxela ukuba bangaphi abantu abamsulwa abangamaxhoba karhulumente wakhe.
EVietnam, ukudutyulwa kwabasetyhini kunye neentsana zabo kwilali yaseMy Lai kwakubizwa ngokuba โyiNtlekele yaseMelikaโ liphephancwadi iNewsweek. Zilungiselele ngakumbi kumgca "wentlekele yethu" umema uvelwano kubahlaseli.
Abantu baseMelika bashiya izigidi ezithathu befile eVietnam kunye nomhlaba otyebileyo otshatyalalisiwe kwaye utyhefwe ngenxa yezixhobo zekhemikhali abazisebenzisayo. Ngelixa abezopolitiko baseMelika kunye neHollywood bagrumba izandla zabo malunga nee-GIs ezingekhoyo esenzweni, ngubani onike i-damn kwiVietnam?
E-Iraq, akukho nto itshintshileyo.
Ngolona qikelelo luqikelelwayo, abantu baseMelika nabaseBrithani bashiye abantu abayi-11,000 befile. Bandakanya ababhalisi baseIraq, kunye nenani eliphindwe kane.
โSibala zonke ii-screw driver, kodwa asibali abantu baseIraq abafileyo,โ latsho elinye igosa laseMerika ebudeni bokubulawa kwabantu ngowe-1991. UAdam Ingram usenokuba akakwazi ukufunda, kodwa ukuhlaziswa kobomi bomntu kuyafana.
Ewe, inkohlakalo nokuthuthunjiswa ziindaba ngoku. Kodwa zinjani iindaba? ubuza umbhali uAhdaf Soueif. Umsasazi weendaba weBBC uchaza imifanekiso yentuthumbo โnjengeenkumbulo njeโ. Ewe, kunjalo: njengamalungu omntu agcinwe kwizipaji zaseVietnam.
Abahlalutyi be-BBC - abasoloko beyeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokusekwa kweBhritane becinga ezinyaweni zabo - basikhumbuza ukuba ukungcungcuthekiswa, ukuhlaziswa kwamajoni "akufani nokungcungcuthekiswa kunye nokubulawa okucwangcisiweyo kukaSaddam Hussein". USaddam, waphawula u-Ahdaf Soueif, "ngoku yikhampasi yokuziphatha yaseNtshona".
Asinakububuyisela ubomi base-Iraqi bucinywe okanye bonakaliswe ngabo benza egameni lethu. Okona kuncinci, kufuneka sifune ukuba abo banoxanduva lobu lwaphulo-mthetho baphume e-Iraq ngoku kwaye sinethuba lokubatshutshisa nokubagweba, kunye nokwenza izilungiso kubantu baseIraq.
Nantoni na enganeno isenza singafaneleki โthinaโ njengempucuko.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela