Umthombo: Daily Kos
Le neofascism intsha yaba nguvulindlela kweli xesha langoku nguViktor Orbán (ngasentla) eHungary, owathi wangena kulawulo ngo-1998 (kwaye kwakhona ngo-2010) njengomntu ogcina abantu abaninzi emva kokuwa kweSoviet Union wakhulula isizwe sakhe.
Ifoto ngu photocosmos1/Shutterstock
Ngelixa kusefashonini kwezinye izangqa ukuthelekisa uDonald Trump kunye neGOP yanamhlanje kuHitler okanye uMussolini kunye neentshukumo zabo zobuFascist ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1930s, okwenzekayo kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe ngokwenene kwahluke ngandlel’ ithile kwaye, xa sele enamandla, kunzima kakhulu ukuyeka okanye ukuyekisa. ukubhukuqa. Yibize ngokuthi "i-fascism ethambileyo" okanye neofascism.
Ingxaki nge-fascism yakudala yayikukuba yayinoburhalarhume kwaye inomkhosi: yakhubekisa iimvakalelo zedemokhrasi yabavoti, yabulala abantu abaninzi kakhulu, kwaye yabangela ukuba izizwe ezikufutshane ziphendule ngomkhosi kwisoyikiso sayo.
Le nkqubo ithambileyo nethambileyo, i-neofascism, isasebenzisa uninzi lwezixhobo ezifanayo zezopolitiko kunye nezobuciko ezisetyenziselwa ukufumana amandla, kubandakanywa ukongama kwabamhlophe, i-ultranationalism, kunye nokwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwe-neoliberal crony capitalism.
Kodwa izenza zonke ngaphakathi kwi-wrapper ye-populist engaphezulu, ebonakala ngathi iqhutywa ukusuka phantsi ukuya phezulu, kwaye ifumana amandla onyuliweyo ngokukhohlisa kumajelo asekuhlaleni; iindawo zokuthengisa “iindaba” kunye nonomathotholo wokuthetha; ukuxhasa abezopolitiko (isemthethweni ngabalondolozi kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo ngo-2010); kunye nokurhwatshazwa kweenkqubo zonyulo ezinezixhobo ezifana nokucocwa kwabavoti (isemthethweni ngabalondolozi kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo ngo-2018) kunye nokucinezelwa kwabavoti.
I-Neofascists izibophelele kwi-core neoliberal renti ye, njengoko USteve Bannon uthi ngokuphindaphindiweyo, "Ukudiliza urhulumente wolawulo": ukuthabatha phantsi amandla okukhusela kunye nokuxhasa urhulumente ukwandisa amandla okuxhatshazwa kwamapolisa akhohlakeleyo, izityebi ezibuhlungu, kunye namaqumrhu abenze ukuba babe njalo.
Basasebenzisa amaqhinga okubamba ugqatso lwee-fascists zakudala, kodwa bakwenza oko ngeendlela ezamkelekileyo ngokwasentlalweni kunokwakha iinkampu zokufa okanye ukutyhala abantu kwiinqwelo-ntaka. Azisonga iflegi, asebenzisa izilogeni eziphulaphula isiseko selizwe, athuka iimbacu ezingemhlophe nabaphambukeli endaweni yabemi abangengobelungu, yaye ugonyamelo lwawo lungakumbi. ezitratweni-thiyetha (ubuncinci okwangoku) kwaye kulula ukuyigxotha.
Le neofascism intsha yaba nguvulindlela kweli xesha langoku nguViktor Orbán eHungary, owathi walawula ngo-1998 (kwaye kwakhona ngo-2010) njengomntu ogcina abantu abaninzi emva kokuwa kweSoviet Union wakhulula isizwe sakhe.
Steve Bannon ibhiyozele Orbán njengoko "ITrump phambi kukaTrump," kunye noCasey Michel kwi Indawo yeNdaba ye-NBC cinga phawula: "Ukususela ekujoliseni abafuduki ukuya ekuphembeleleni isiseko sobuzwe, ukusuka ekuhlaseleni amaphephandaba ukuya ekubetheni iyelenqe lama-nativist, ukusuka ekungeniseni urhwaphilizo olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili ukuya ekudilizeni ukhuseleko olusisiseko lwedemokhrasi, i-Trumpism iya ingabonakali kwi-Orbánism."
U-Tucker Carlson kutshanje wenze umboniso wakhe weFox "Iindaba" ovela e-Orbán's Hungary kwaye u-Orbán wayelundwendwe, bonke kodwa wamnika i-massage yomzimba wonke ngexesha lekhefu lokuthengisa. Lo mboniso wawuthathwa njengophawu lwamanzi aphezulu kuthungelwano ngo ushicilelo olulondolozayo, olwamncoma uOrbán njengendoda “enemilinganiselo etyekele kwinkululeko engagungqiyo kwisiphithiphithi, kwimigaqo eyomeleleyo nakubuzwe obuphilileyo.”
Kwaye ngoku i-GOP ijonge eHungary njengemodeli entsha ngokupheleleyo yolawulo lwaseMelika.
Ngokomzekelo, uRonald Reagan wanika intetho ephambili kwiNkomfa yokuqala ye-Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) ngo-1974, kwaye ndenze umboniso wam wokuxoxa ngokucokisekileyo uhlala kwinkomfa yabo yonyaka e-DC minyaka yonke malunga neshumi leminyaka.
Kodwa yayiyiCPAC yayizolo; basanda kwazisa, malunga nexesha elifanayo uMike Pence wenza intetho eHungary kwinyanga ephelileyo encoma ngokupheleleyo u-Orbán, ukuba intlanganiso yabo yowama-2022 iya kuqhutyelwa eBudapest, eHungary kunokuba iUnited States.
Nasi isizathu:
Xa u-Orbán wayekhankasela iNkulumbuso okokuqala, wabaleka ngesilogeni esithi ukwenza "Hungary enkulu kwakhona, "U meleza inkolo yamaKrestu, yaye ukwakha udonga ngaphaya komda osemazantsi weHungary ukugcina iimbacu zaseSyria ezingemhlophe, amaSilamsi (isithembiso awasigcinayo: udonga lwenziwe kwaye lujikeleza kakhulu).
Emva kokuba u-Orbán ethatha ulawulo kwakhona, iqela lakhe wawuguqula umgaqo-siseko wesizwe ukwenza into efana nale siyibiza ngokuba yi-gerrymandering, eqinisekisa ukuba bazakuba nesininzi epalamente ngonaphakade. Naye zizele ziinkundla zaseHungary, ngoko naluphi na ucelomngeni kumandla okanye imigaqo yakhe luphela.
Abafazi baseHungary bebejongelwe phantsi ukusukela oko u-Orbán wangena kulawulo, kokubini kushishino nakurhulumente. Njenge Amanqaku e-Hungarian Spectrum: “Ngokutsho kwakhe, ipolitiki yaseHungary yakhelwe ‘ekubulaweni kwabantu ngokuqhubekayo,’ nto leyo edala iintlobo zeemeko zenkohlakalo ‘abafazi abangenakuzinyamezela.’ ” kuphawulwe kwi-Guardian ngo-2018: "Iqela lika-Orbán likaFidesz kunye namahlakani ayo eChristian Democrats banamaLungu ePalamente ali-133 phakathi kwabo, abali-11 kuphela kubo ngabasetyhini."
Uye waguquka ngakumbi iHungary indawo yokuzimela ioligarchs ezonakeleyo kunye neofascists ezivela kwezinye iintlanga, uninzi ngokudumileyo ukunika “indawo yokufihla intloko kwi-felon enetyala kunye nowayesakuba nguNdunankulu waseMacedonia uNikola Gruevski "kwi-2018. (Omnye uyazibuza ukuba iTump ifumana i-visa? NBC News amanqaku, "Ngeendlela ezininzi, uTrump kunye no-Orbán ziintaka zentsiba yokuzimela.")
UNdunankulu u-Orbán uthathe inxalenye eyahlukileyo yezixhobo zokhuseleko zaseHungary kunye wawenza waba ngowakhe, ipolisa labucala, njengoko kutyholwa UTrump wenze namalungu e-ICE okanye iBorder Patrol.
Eyesizwe indawo yoshishino iphantse yathathwa ngabahlobo baka-Orbán abonakeleyo, abaye babe zii-oligarchs abazizityebi ngokumangalisayo ngoku ilawula lonke icandelo lezorhwebo nelemveliso elixabisa naliphi na ixabiso elibalulekileyo.
Ngelixa kusekho umshicileli ozimeleyo eHungary, ovumela u-Orbán kunye ne-American Republican Party ukuba ibange iHungary iseyidemokhrasi, zonke iivenkile ezinkulu kunye nothungelwano zingabanini Orbán cronies so umshicileli wenkcaso uncinci kwaye ujongelwe phantsi.
U-Orbán ubhengeze imfazwe kwisayensi, ukudiliza i IZiko leNzululwazi laseHungary kwaye ibhengeza ukuba utshintsho lwemozulu "iqhinga lasekhohlo elenziwe nguBarack Obama. "
Kwinyanga ephelile Hangari wapasisa imithetho efuna Imfundo yezesondo “esigcinakeleyo” ezikolweni (“i-gay imbi”) kunye nokuvala nayiphi na imbonakaliso entle yabantu be-LGBTQ kumabonwakude. Kwimikhankaso yoluntu baye idibene ubufanasini kunye ne-pedophilia. Lo mthetho wamva nje we-anti-gay ugqithise iPalamente yaseHungary ngevoti ye-157 kwi-1.
Ekugqibeleni kwi-neoliberal privatization, ngoku useka urhulumente wesithunzi, ukudala imibutho yabucala ayilawulayo eqala ukuthatha imisebenzi emininzi karhulumente kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngubani olawula iHungary kwixesha elizayo. Ulonyulo kungekudala luya kuba lilize.
Abaninzi baseMelika benza kabini-uthathe xa ezisixhenxe Republican US Senators watyelela eMoscow ngoJulayi 4th, 2018 waza wampompoza kuMongameli Putin ukuba, njengoko uSenator wase-Alabama uRichard Shelby wamxelelayo, "Andikho namhlanje ukuza kutyhola iRashiya ngale nto okanye leya okanye njalo." Kodwa ngoku, kwiminyaka nje emithathu kamva, i-GOP iyishiyile kakhulu iRussia kaPutin njengempembelelo yezopolitiko okanye umzekelo.
U-Orbán's neofascist Hungary ngoku, ukuba akunjalo ngokusemthethweni ngoko ngokungekho mthethweni, imodeli ye-neofascist Trumpist movement ebambe i-American Republican Party.
Umnxeba omtsha weBannon, eyenziwe kwiveki ephelileyo, "imikhosi eyothusayo" "yamaqela aqeqeshwe kwangaphambili" ukuba ibambe ulawulo lweMelika emva konyulo luka-2024 ukuze kungabikho kubuya ngamva njengakunyaka ophelileyo.Ukhumbula ngokukrakra ukubuya kuka-Orban kulawulo eHungary ngo-2010 xa wayesenza into efanayo, ukunika iqela lakhe ulawulo lwenkqubo yokuvota kuzwelonke.
I-fascism ethambileyo yaseHungary ngoku iluphawu lwe-GOP kwaye bayaphindaphindeka kuyo, bekholelwa kumbindi wabo ukuba ekupheleni kuka-2024 banokwenza eMelika into eyenziwa ngu-Orbán eHungary - kwaye ke soze bajongane neziphumo. or kwakhona inkcaso enzulu yezobupolitika.
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Nikela