Umthombo: Ukuhanjiswa ukusuka kuMda
Uloyiso lweqela lasekhohlo lase-Ireland iSinn Fein Party kunyulo lwakutsha nje lweRiphabhlikhi aluzange lubhukuqe nje kuphela iminyaka engama-90 yolawulo ngamaqela amabini asekunene kwesi siqithi - ngequbuliso ibeka umba wokudityaniswa kweIreland kwi-ajenda.
Ngelixa iphulo laliwa malunga nesonka kunye nebhotela njengezindlu, inkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo ewohlokayo, kunye nokungabi namakhaya, i-Ireland emanyeneyo kudala iyiSinn Fein's. isizathu sokuba. Emva koko, iinkokeli zeqela ziye zacela uvoto lomda ngalo mbandela.
Kodwa akukho nto ilula eIreland - ngaphezu kwayo yonke into, ukuhlangana kwakhona.
Ukuqala, isiphumo sonyulo sinzima kakhulu.
USinn Fein (Thina ngokwethu) siye safumana elona nani likhulu leevoti zokhetho lokuqala kwi-Ireland yokhetho lwenkqubo, kodwa hayi kakhulu. Amaqela aphakathi-asekunene atshintshile ngokulawula ukususela ngo-1922 - uFine Gael (i-Irish Tribe) kunye noFianna Fail (Amajoni eDestiny) - bathatha i-22 ekhulwini kunye ne-21 ekhulwini, ngokulandelanayo. ukuya eSinn Fein's 24.5 ekhulwini.
Nangona amanye amaqela anenkqubela phambili, afana neGreens, nawo enze kakuhle, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukwenza urhulumente ngaphandle kwamaqela amabini amakhulu emveli. UFine Gael uye wagweba ukuba angasebenza noSinn Fein ngenxa yokunxibelelana noMkhosi waseRiphabhlikhi waseIreland, kodwa uFianna Fail ukhusela ukubheja kwakhe. Inkokeli yeqela likaFianna Fail, uMichael Martin, wayenengcwangu emva kokuvota, esithi uyasihlonipha isigqibo sedemokhrasi yabantu baseIreland.
Kodwa ukusuka kwisiphumo sonyulo ukuya kulawulo olululo luthembisa ukuba yinkqubo enzima, kwaye enye ekugqibeleni inokusilela, inyanzelise olunye unyulo jikelele. USinn Fein uya kuba mathidala ukudlala ifilidi yesibini ukuya kuFianna Fail - le yokugqibela iphumelele isihlalo esinye ngaphezu kweSinn Fein - ekubeni amaqabane amancinci akholisa ukwenza kakubi ekulandeleni unyulo. USinn Fein ngewayephumelele izihlalo ezininzi ukuba wayefake abagqatswa abangakumbi, kodwa wayethandabuza ukwenza oko kuba waye waphumelela unyulo lwasekuhlaleni kwiinyanga nje ezisixhenxe ezidlulileyo. Indlu esezantsi yaseIreland, okanye iDail, inezihlalo eziyi-180.
Imiqobo ekuManyanisweni kwakhona
Ukuba ulawulo lukhangeleka lunzima, zama ukuhlanganisana kwakhona.
Kwelinye icala, kukho naliphi na inani lemithintelo yokumanyanisa iRiphabliki noMntla Ireland, uninzi lwayo iyimbali. Kwelinye icala, kukho izizathu ezisebenzisekayo zokucinga ngenyathelo elinjalo. Ukuzihlela kuya kuba liqhinga.
INorthern Ireland - ebizwa ngokuba yiPlantation of Ulster ngu-Elizabeth I - yasekwa ngo-1609 emva kokugxotha amaqela amabini amakhulu ase-Ireland, i-O'Neills kunye ne-O'Donnels, kunye nokuhlutha i-500,000 yeehektare zeefama eziphambili. AmaProtestanti amalunga nama-20,000 XNUMX, uninzi lwabo ingamaSkotlani, afuduswa ukuze athabathe indawo yawo.
Kwasekuqaleni, i-Ulster yayimiselwe ukuba ibe yinqaba yonqulo.
AmaProtestanti awayesebenzisa abasebenzi bomthonyama baseIreland kwakufuneka ahlawule irhafu ekhethekileyo, yaye ekugqibeleni kwanokutshata namaKatolika kwadimazeka. Amafama angamaProtestanti afumana izivumelwano ezikhethekileyo kwirenti kunye nokuphuculwa komhlaba - "Ilungelo le-Ulster" - kwaye amaKatolika ayecandelwe ngokwezopolitiko nakwezoqoqosho.
Ngeli xesha, intiyo phakathi kwezi ngingqi zimbini yaphenjelelwa ngamandla yimibutho yamaProtestanti eyingozi efana neOrange Order. Eli gama livela kuWilliam waseOrange (uWilliam III), umyeni ongumProtestanti kaMary II, ukumkanikazi waseNgilani.
Le asiyombali yakudala. Ukuza kuthi ga kutsha nje, amaProtestanti ayelawula uMntla Ireland ngomdibaniso wamaKatolika awayengafuni nokuva ngobubele kunye nengcinezelo engqalileyo. Ngowe-1972 umngcelele owawuseLondonderry owawufuna amalungelo abantu wahlaselwa ngamajoni aseBritani adubula abantu abangama-24 ababengaxhobanga, abulala abali-14 kubo. “ICawe eneBloody” yaba sisiqalo “seNgxaki,” imfazwe yamakhaya ekumgangatho ophantsi eyasuba ubomi babantu abangaphezu kwama-3,600 yaza yoyikisa ngokunzulu omabini abahlali.
Ukudlula kuloo mbali akuyi kuba ngumsebenzi olula, nangona iSivumelwano soLwesihlanu oLungileyo sawuphelisa umlo ngowe-1998 saza saseka indibano ekhoyo ngoku eMntla Ireland, eStormont. A isivumelwano sakutsha nje phakathi kweProtestanti yeDemocratic Unionist Party (DUP) kunye ne-Catholic Sinn Fein Party ubukhulu becala ine-Stormont kwaye iqhuba emva kwekhefu leminyaka emithathu.
Izizathu ezisebenzayo zokuphonononga kwakhona ukuhlanganisana yi-legion.
Ngethuba lokuvota kwe-Brexit ye-2016, i-Northern Ireland, njengeScotland, ivotele ukuhlala kwi-European Union (EU). Uninzi lwamaProtestanti bavotelwe ukuba bahambe, kodwa ivoti eyomeleleyo yamaKatolika yenza ukuba “kushiyeke.” INorthern Ireland ifumana ngaphezulu kwe-780 yezigidi zeedola ngonyaka i-EU ukuxhasa ezolimo nokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwenkcubeko kunye noxolo phakathi koluntu.
Owayesakuba ngowona mda wawunomkhosi omkhulu emhlabeni uye wachithwa, kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwe-Ulster kwiRiphabhlikhi kuxabisa i-4.4 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngonyaka. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba umda uvulekile, uMntla unendawo yokuphuma yempahla yawo ngeRiphabhliki.
Ukuba u-Ulster ulandela iBritane ngaphandle kwe-EU, nangona kunjalo, oko kuya kutshintsha. Nangona kukho isivumelwano sokungawumiseli kwakhona umda "onzima", ukuthengiswa kwe-Ulster evela eBrithani kuya kufuneka kuhlolwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba balandela imimiselo ye-EU.
AmaProtestanti ayethenjiswe yiNkulumbuso yaseBritani UBoris Johnson ukuba akusayi kubakho kuhlolwa kwe-EU, kodwa "izithembiso" kunye "nemigaqo" ngamagama amabini angabikho lula kunye negama elithi "Johnson." Inkulumbuso - engasaxhomekeke kwi-DUP yeevoti kwiPalamente yaseLondon - iphindwe kabini i-DUP kwaye yavumelana nolawulo lokuhlola lwe-EU kuLwandle lwase-Irish.
Ubomi obungcono
Akucaci ukuba uninzi lwabantu abakuwo omabini la mazwe baziva njani ngokumanyana kwakhona. Phuma kwiivoti emazantsi kufumaniseke ukuba uninzi lwabavoti luya kuxhasa uvoto lomanyano.
Uhlolisiso lukwabonisa ukuba abantu baseNorthern Irish nabo bayakugqala oku, nangona loo mbono yahlulahlulwe kabukhali phakathi kwamaProtestanti “avumelanayo” namaProtestanti “anyanisekileyo”. Abangaphambili baxhalabele ngakumbi ngokuzinza kunokuba ihlelo lenkolo, kwaye ukuba i-Brexit inefuthe elibi kwi-Ulster - isiphumo uninzi lwezoqoqosho lulindele - lunokuthi luvulekele ingcamango.
"Abanyanisekileyo," nangona kunjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo bayakuchasa, inyani enika iIrish kwiRiphabhlikhi ikhefu. Umzantsi uye wadlula ixesha elide kunye nokubuyiswa koqoqosho olubuhlungu ukusuka kwingozi ye-2008 kwaye abaninzi abanamdla wokuba ngokukhawuleza bafumane ilifa labantu abangafuni ukuba khona.
Sinn Fein echaza ukuba iSivumelwano sangoLwesihlanu olungileyo sithi abantu baseIreland banelungelo lokukhetha ngaphandle kokubhekisa eBritane, kwaye batyhalela uvoto lomda. Ngaphantsi kwesi siVumelwano, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ivoti yokuhlanganisana ayiphumelelanga, enye ayinakuthatyathwa iminyaka esixhenxe.
USinn Fein wenza kakuhle njengoko wenzayo - ngakumbi phakathi kwabaselula - ngenxa yenkqubo yakhe yezopolitiko yokwakha amakhaya angama-100,000, ukumisa irenti iminyaka emithathu, ukwandisa uncedo kwimfundo, ukuhlalisa abantu abangenamakhaya, ukuphucula impilo, kunye nerhafu kwizityebi. Leyo ikwayimiba emantla, apho abantu abangama-300,000 ngoku balinde ukubona ugqirha. Bamalunga ne-15,000 labasebenzi bezonyango kutsha nje baye kugwayimbo bekhalazela iiyure ezinde berhola kakubi.
Ngeli xesha, u-Ulster's Sinn Fein unabameli abasixhenxe kwipalamente yaseBritane, kodwa uyala ukubathumela kuba kuya kufuneka bafunge isifungo kwiCrown. Ukuba iSinn Fein inalo naliphi na ithemba lokufumana abantu abaneleyo basemantla ukuba baqwalasele ukuhlanganisana kwakhona, nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ikhuphe loo migibe yobuzwe, kwaye iqinisekise uninzi lwamaProtestanti ukuba izithethe zabo ziya kuhlonitshwa.
Oku kusenokuba nzima kunokuba kwakunjalo kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo, kuba iCawa yamaKatolika kwiRiphabliki iye yawohloka ngokunzulu, ikhwankqiswa zizityholo zokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana nokuxhatshazwa koomama abangatshatanga. ICawa yamaKatolika kwiRiphabhlikhi yalwa nzima ngokuchasene namanyathelo kwi-2015 kunye ne-2018 exhasa umtshato we-gay kunye nokukhupha isisu, kwaye yalahlekelwa kakubi ngamaxesha omabini.
Ukuba umanyano luyinjongo, abaxhasi beRiphabhliki kunye ne-Ulster baya kufuneka babe nomonde, kwaye babonise ukuba banokunikezela ubomi obungcono kuluntu lonke. Oko kuya kuba nanto encinci yokwenza nentiyo yakudala "yentlungu ende" yaseIreland kunokhathalelo lwempilo olundilisekileyo, izikolo ezilungileyo, izindlu ezifikelelekayo kunye nemisebenzi ehlawulwa kakuhle.
Bonke abantu baseIreland banokufumana emva kwaloo nkqubo.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
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