Izimo zengqondo ezibhekiselele eUnited States ziye zafikelela ezantsi kuninzi lwelizwe lama-Arabhu kulo nyaka uphelileyo, ngokweziphumo zophando. uphando olutsha olukhulu [.pdf] yamazwe amahlanu ama-Arabhu akhutshwe apha ngoLwesine yiZogby International kunye neArab American Institute (AAI).
Ngokusekwe kudliwano-ndlebe lwe-3,500 ubuso ngobuso lwabantu abadala abakhethiweyo abakhethiweyo e-Egypt, eJordani, eMorocco, eSaudi Arabia, naseLebhanon, uphando lufumene ukuba ukuwohloka okuqhubekayo kumfanekiso waseWashington kwakubangelwa ngokuyintloko kwimigaqo-nkqubo yase-US kummandla, ngakumbi ngentlonipho. ukuya eIraq, ePalestine, kwaye, ukusa kwinqanaba elincinane, eLebhanon.
Kodwa iphinde yafumanisa ukuba izimo-ngqondo malunga nezithethe nezopolitiko zase-US ziye zanda ngokungalunganga, xa kuthelekiswa nophando lweminyaka edlulileyo, nangona zingekho ngqiqweni njengeembono zama-Arabhu zemigaqo-nkqubo ethile.
Okuphawuleka ngakumbi, izimvo ezingalunganga malunga ne-United States ziye zanda kwii-monarchies ezimbini eziphambili zama-Arabhu ekudala zijongwa njengamahlakani eWashington, ngokophando.
Abalithoba kwabali-10 abaphendulayo baseJordani bathe banezimvo ezingakhiyo nge-US, ukusuka kuma-32 kuphela epesenti ekuqaleni kuka-2005. Ngokunjalo i-87 pesenti yabantu baseMoroccan bathi iimbono zabo nge-US bezingalunganga, ukusuka kuma-64 ekhulwini kunyaka ophelileyo.
Ubuncinci njengento ekhathazayo kubaqulunqi bomgaqo-nkqubo base-US, umxhamli omkhulu wokukhula komsindo wama-Arabhu eWashington ubonakale eyi-Iran, ngokutsho kukamongameli we-AAI uJames Zogby, naye owasebenza njengomcebisi weZogby International.
“Njengoko amanani aseMelika ehla, i-Iran iyenyuka,” uxelele iintatheli. "Yinyani leyo, kwaye sidlalela kuyo kanye."
Ngelixa iinkokeli zama-Arabhu, kubandakanywa nezo zinabantu abaninzi abangamaSunni, "zixhalabile kakhulu [malunga nokunyuka kwempembelelo yaseIran], uluntu lwama-Arabhu lunombono owahluke kakhulu," utshilo, ephawula ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zibonise ukuba uninzi lwabaphenduli bebengaxhalabi malunga neIran. inkqubo yenyukliya, ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa ne-Iraq nePalestina.
Ngaphezulu kwesixhenxe kwabaphenduli be-10 eSaudi Arabia, eJordan, naseMorocco, kunye nesininzi eLebhanon, bathi iinzame zase-US zokunqanda inkqubo yenyukliya yase-Iran zibe negalelo kwiimbono zabo ezimbi ngeWashington.
Uvavanyo olutsha, olwesithathu kuthotho olwaqala ngo-2002, luza phakathi kwempikiswano ekhulayo apha malunga nemigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo lukaBush e-Iraq nakuMbindi Mpuma ngokubanzi.
Ukuzithemba koluntu kwi-US kwindlela kaBush yokuya kwimfazwe yase-Iraq, ngakumbi, yehlile, ngakumbi ukusukela kwinyanga ephelileyo idemokhrasi yonyulo lwaphakathi kwekota. Ukukhululwa ekudala kulindiwe kwiveki ephelileyo yengxelo yeQela loFundo lwe-Iraq elibipartisan (i-ISG), elibize uhlengahlengiso olukhulu lwemigaqo-nkqubo yase-US malunga nommandla, kubandakanywa ukuzibandakanya kwe-Iran ne-Syria kunye nomzamo omkhulu omtsha wozakuzo wokusombulula i-Arab. -Ungquzulwano lwakwaSirayeli, luqhubele phambili impikiswano eshushu.
Ngelixa i-ISG, eyayikhokelwa nguNobhala kaRhulumente wangaphambili uJames Baker kunye nowayesakuba ngu-Rep. Lee Hamilton, uye waba phantsi kohlaselo oluqinileyo noluzinzileyo ngamajelo eendaba e-neoconservative - njengephepha lokuhlela leWall Street Journal kunye ne-Weekly Standard, ehlala ithetha. kulawulo ookhetshe abakhokelwa nguSekela Mongameli uDick Cheney – uZogby unyanzelise ukuba uxinzelelo lwakhe kwimfuneko yendlela ebanzi yommandla kwimfazwe yase-Iraq kunye nokunyuka kwe-Iran yayichanekile kakhulu kwaye ixhaswa kakhulu ziziphumo zovavanyo.
“Into ethethwa yile poll kum kukuba uBaker-Hamilton unyanisile,” utshilo. "Ukuba sifuna ukugcina ukuthembeka kwethu e-Iraq, kufuneka sijongane nemiba exhalabisayo kumahlakani ethu [ama-Arabhu]," watsho. “Kuyingozi kuKumkani u-Abdullah [waseJordan] ukudibana noGeorge Bush xa ama-90 ekhulwini abemi bakhe beziva bengamthandi iMerika.”
Ezo nkxalabo zachazwa ngeyona nkcukacha inkulu luthotho lwemibuzo malunga nefuthe lemigaqo-nkqubo emihlanu yase-US kwiimbono zabaphenduli zizonke ze-United States.
Phakathi kwama-86 nama-96 ekhulwini kwabo baphendulayo eSaudi Arabia, eMorocco naseJordan; phakathi kwe-62 kunye ne-74 ipesenti yaseLebhanon, kunye nesininzi samaYiputa sichaza imigaqo-nkqubo yase-US malunga nePalestina, i-Iraq, neLebhanon njengempembelelo "embi" okanye "embi kakhulu" kwiimbono zabo ze-US.
Abaphenduli bachasa kancinane kwiinzame zase-US zokukhuthaza idemokhrasi kunye nokuthintela inkqubo yenyukliya yase-Iran, nangona uninzi olusuka kwi-51 ukuya kwi-80 yeepesenti eSaudi Arabia, eMorocco, eJordan naseLebhanon bathi ezi nazo zibe negalelo kwiimbono zabo ezingalunganga ze-US Strong ezininzi e-Egypt bavumile. .
Ebuzwa malunga nendlela uluvo lwabo lwe-US oluye lwavela ngayo kulo nyaka uphelileyo, malunga nesithathu kumaYiputa amane kunye namaJordani, amathandathu kwi-10 yaseMorocco naseSaudis, kwaye phantse isiqingatha sabaphenduli baseLebhanon bathi iimbono zabo zibi kakhulu.
Bacelwa ukuba bachonge ezona zinto zinkulu zibe negalelo kwiimbono zabo ezimbi ngakumbi, abaphenduli kwilizwe ngalinye ngaphandle kwaseLebhanon (apho umgaqo-nkqubo wase-US obhekiselele eLebhanon wachazwa njengeyona nto ibalulekileyo) ebizwa ngokuba yi-Iraq nePalestina.
Ngokufanayo, bacelwa ukuba balinganise ifuthe lemiba emihlanu ephambili njengenempembelelo enkulu engalunganga kuphuhliso lwabo lwezoqoqosho kunye nozinzo lwezopolitiko kumazwe abo, uninzi lwabaphenduli kuwo onke amazwe amahlanu babeka ingxabano yama-Arab-Israel okanye imfazwe yase-Iraq phezulu. uluhlu, lulandelwa lungquzulwano lwe-Israel-Lebanon. “Uhlaziyo lwezopolitiko” lucatshulwe njengelona galelo libalulekileyo kuphela eMorocco kwaye ngenye indlela libekwe njengesithathu okanye lesine kuluhlu lwabaphenduli. Lilonke, "i-Iran yenyukliya" yalinganiswa njengeyona mpembelelo incinci imbi.
Ngokubanzi, iimbono ezimbi zase-US zaziphezulu eJordani (ipesenti ezingama-90) kunye neMorocco (iipesenti ezingama-87), zilandelwa yi-Egypt (ipesenti ezingama-83), kunye ne-Saudi Arabia (ipesenti ezingama-82).
ELebhanon, apho izimvo kuluhlu lwemiba ziye zahlulwa kakhulu phakathi kwamaShi'a kunye nabaphenduli abangamaKristu, ngakumbi, i-68 pesenti yabaphenduli bathi iimbono zabo malunga ne-US zazingalunganga, ukunyuka ukusuka kuma-60 ekhulwini ekuqaleni kuka-2005.
Olu phando luphinde lwafumanisa amanqanaba aphezulu okungaqiniseki kuwo onke amazwe amahlanu xa kuthelekiswa no-2005. Abantu abaninzi abathe baphendula kwilizwe ngalinye bathi bazibona bekwimeko embi kakhulu kunokuba babenjalo kwiminyaka emine eyadlulayo. E-Jordan nase-Egypt, apho phantse abathandathu kwaba-10 abaphendulayo bathi bakwimeko embi kakhulu, iziphumo bezintle kakhulu. Oko kwaba malunga nokunyuka okuphindwe kane xa kuthelekiswa neempendulo zabo kumbuzo ofanayo ekuqaleni kuka-2005.
(Inkonzo ye-Inter Press)
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