Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini eyadlulayo kule nyanga, inkomfa yokuseka i-Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP) yabanjwa. Kumashumi amabini eminyaka alandelayo, i-OCAP iye yaququzelela kwaye yahlanganisa uluntu oluphantsi kohlaselo kumxholo we-ajenda eqhubela phambili yeniyoliberalism. Imeko yangoku yonganyelwe yintlekele yehlabathi ngokubanzi yobukapitali kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iphulo eliqinisiweyo lokunyanzelisa ubungqongqo kubasebenzi kunye namahlwempu ngakumbi. Sikwinqanaba lokuqala lohlaselo kodwa kubonakala ngathi luza kulawula ixesha elizayo. Ngesi siseko, kunengqiqo ukuvavanya umsebenzi we-OCAP ngokombono wokwakha ukuchasana okusebenzayo kwi-ajenda ye-neoliberal. Qaphela ukuba eli nqaku linokuba luvavanyo jikelele kuphela, hayi isishwankathelo, semisebenzi ye-OCAP kule minyaka.
Inkomfa yokusekwa ye-OCAP yowe-1990 yaphawulwa yingxoxo-mpikiswano ebukhali malunga nesiseko ekufuneka abantu abahluphekayo baququzelele ngaso. Intlanganiso iye yavula iingcamango ezimbini ezikhuphisanayo malunga nendlela yokucela umngeni kwintlupheko. Enye yezi yayikukudala iqumrhu 'labemi abaxhalabileyo' ukuze lizibandakanye ekuphembeleleni okuhloniphekileyo kwimiba yasekuhlaleni. Enye yayikukuququzelela kunye nokwakha isiseko kwiindawo ezihluphekayo ezinokuthatha iindlela eziphazamisayo zezenzo ezidibeneyo njengesicwangciso esisisiseko sokuchasa intlupheko. Lo mbono wesibini, othe, ngokuqinisekileyo, waphumelela kwinkomfa, usekelwe kuyo yomibini imizekelo yembali kunye nenyaniso yangoku. I-OCAP isoloko iqonda ukuba amandla ezopolitiko kwiqela labasebenzi elijongene nokulahlwa kwezentlalo kufumaneka kwiindlela zokuchasana ezidala ingxaki kwi-bureaucracy kunye norhulumente. Ukuswela, ubukhulu becala, isixhobo sogwayimbo, amahlwempu kufuneka asebenzise iindlela ezinjalo ukuba aza kuzisa nawaphi na amandla eengxoxo etafileni ngaphaya kokubandezeleka kwabo. Njengoko umxhasi we-OCAP esitsho mva nje, โabasebenzi abamanyeneyo banokuqinisekisa amandla abo ngokungabikho apho umqeshi wabo afuna babe khona, kodwa amahlwempu anokuba namandla kuphela ngokuba kwindawo angafanelekanga ukuba abe kuyo.โ
I-OCAP isebenzise ingqikelelo yentshukumo edibeneyo ephazamisayo ekutshintsheni iimeko zezopolitiko kunye neemeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zabantu. Ngenxa yobume bento esiyenzayo, iingcamango zethu bezisoloko zijongene novavanyo olucacileyo: Abantu abahluphekayo basabela njani kwaye baphendule njani kwizenzo zethu? Kwasekuqaleni kwimbali yethu, saqonda ukuba izenzo zethu kufuneka zibonise ukuba uloyiso olubambekayo lunokwenzeka. Ukukhankasa kunye noqhanqalazo kwimiba ebanzi kuya kuba nexabiso elilinganiselweyo ukuba akunakuboniswa kwakhona ukuba izikhalazo ezikhawulezileyo nezomntu ngamnye zinokujongwa ngokufanelekileyo. Ngesi sizathu, iseli esisiseko yomsebenzi we-OCAP ibisoloko 'iyimeko yesenzo esithe ngqo.' Onke amawaka eentshukumo esizilungiseleleyo - abathunywa kwiiofisi zentlalontle kunye nabakhubazekileyo, amanyathelo kumaziko okufudukela kwelinye ilizwe, abaqeshi abaxhaphazayo, imingeni ethe ngqo kubanini-mhlaba kunye nabasemagunyeni bezindlu - bebemalunga nokwakha amandla kuluntu oluhluphekayo lokukhusela amalungu abo kunye nenjongo. ukufaka ebantwini ingqiqo yokuba ukuxhathisa kuzisa zombini iziphumo ezinentsingiselo kwaye kukhokelela kumathuba amakhulu.
Abantu abahluphekayo, ewe, bafumana intswela-bulungisa eninzi ngendlela yokungavunyelwa ukuba banikwe amalungelo asisiseko. Akuzange kube kudala emva kokuba siqalise ukucela umngeni kwintswelo-bulungisa yemihla ngemihla sathi savela isidingo sokulwa nezikhalazo. Sizifumene sijongana namaqela abantu abakwimeko efanayo kwaye sadibana neepatheni zoxhatshazo ekufuneka kuphendulwe kuzo njengemiba eqhelekileyo. Izenzo zethu zetyala ziye zakhula zaba zizenzo zokufuna utshintsho kumgaqo-nkqubo kunye nezenzo. Imicelimngeni kwiiofisi zentlalontle yasekuhlaleni ikhokelele kwizenzo ezichasene nondlunkulu kwaye oku, kwakhokelela kwingxabano namaziko ezopolitiko.
Inkqubo yentlalontle lilifa le Imithetho yesiNgesi eMiselweyo. Iye yavela njengeziko lonikezelo oluthandabuzayo lweemfuno ezisisiseko kwabo inqwenela ukubaqhubela kweyona misebenzi ihlawulayo iphantsi enikiweyo. Ukuze isebenze ngeyona ndlela iluncedo izibonelelo zayo kufuneka zibe kwinqanaba lentlupheko. Abo bafumana izibonelelo bamele bavakalelwe kukuba umvuzo wabo omncinane usemngciphekweni yaye kufuneka bahlale bethotywa isidima. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, kumashumi amawaka emilo kumakhulu emibandela, i-OCAP ilwele umzabalazo ongayekiyo ukududulela umva inkqubo kuyo yonke loo miba. Yiyo loo nto i-ofisi nganye yezeNtlalontle yaseToronto ibonelelwe ngeseti yeeprothokholi zendlela yokusabela xa sivela.
Ukujongana nawo onke amaNqanaba kaRhulumente, onke amaThatyana ezopolitiko
Njengoko sisebenzela ukuhlanganisa uluntu ukuba luququzelele kwaye luxhathise, kuye kwafuneka siziqhelanise noguquko lolawulo lwezopolitiko kurhulumente. I-ajenda ekhoyo yokunciphisa ilungelo loluntu kunye nokunyusa izinga lokuxhaphazwa kwabantu abasebenzayo ihleli ihleli phantsi kweqela ngalinye lezopolitiko nakuwo onke amanqanaba karhulumente. Ukuphunyezwa kwaloo ajenda kuye kwahluka ngokwesitayile ukusuka ekubeni neentloni ngokwentelekiso ukuya kwihlombe kunye nemfazwe. Ngexesha elithile, i-OCAP kuye kwafuneka ijongane noorhulumente abaneziqinisekiso eziqhubela phambili eziye zaxhaswa ngokuphandle okanye ngokufihlakeleyo luninzi lwemibutho yabasebenzi kunye nemibutho yezentlalo esinokuthi siyithathe njengamahlakani ethu. Ukanti, phantsi kwaba rhulumente, kuye kwahlaselwa abantu abahlwempuzekileyo. Ilahleko yengeniso yabantu kuncedo lwezentlalo e-Ontario ayizange iqale ngeConservatives 'Mike Harris. INkulumbuso ye-NDP uBob Rae uyeke ingeniso yokwenyani yehla kwaye wenza inani lemithetho etshintshileyo malunga 'nophononongo lokufaneleka' kunye 'noqinisekiso olongeziweyo' apho iTories yayiza kwakhela phezu kwayo emva kuka-1995. Ulawulo lukaDavid Miller, lwabagxotha abangenamakhaya kumbindi weToronto. ukuya kumlinganiselo omkhulu kunalowo wenzeke phantsi koSodolophu wephiko lasekunene langaphambili. IbinguMiller owathatha amanyathelo okudiliza iRegent Park, eyona projekthi indala yezindlu zikawonke-wonke elizweni, ukuze indawo yayo ithatyathelwe indawo yokuhlala, kunye nokuncipha 'kwerenti elungiselelwe icandelo lengeniso' eya kuthi ikhuphele ngaphandle ngokuqhubekayo abahlali bokuqala. Phantsi koRhulumente weLiberal McGuinty, ingeniso yokwenyani yabantu kwintlalontle kunye nokhubazeko yehle kakhulu ngaphantsi kwenqanaba elalikuyo xa uHarris wayeshiya isikhundla.
Noko ke, phantsi korhulumente ngamnye, siye safumana iindlela zokuzilwela. Urhulumente weRae uye wasondela ekunyanzeliseni ukucuthwa okuthe ngqo kumazinga oncedo loluntu kodwa akazange acinge ukuba unokuqhubeka phantsi kochaso loluntu. Xa uMphathiswa weeNkonzo zeNtlalo kaRae ebhengeza iphulo lokukhuthaza ukutshatyalaliswa 'kokuxhatshazwa kwentlalontle,' sangena kumcimbi wakhe wokuqaliswa kweendaba kwaye samkhupha. Ngelixa uMiller wayenguSodolophu waseToronto, izindlu zoluntu zashiywa ziwohloka ukuze zithengiswe kubaphuhlisi. Nangona kunjalo, i-OCAP iye yakwazi ukudibanisa abaqeshi kwiindawo ezininzi zokuhlala kwaye yaphumelela izigidi zeedola ekulungiseni. Ngexesha leminyaka kaDalton McGuinty, sathatha umlo wokuTyelwa okuKhethekileyo kubantu abafumana uncedo, kudityaniswe nabezonyango kunye noluntu. I-6-million yezigidi zeerandi ezingabonakaliyo ngonyaka yenzuzo yokutya yaguqulwa yaba yiprogram ye-200-million kunye namawaka abantu abahluphekileyo bajoyina kwizenzo zokuphumelela ukufikelela kuyo.
Kwaku, nangona kunjalo, ngexesha leMike Harris iminyaka apho i-OCAP yafumana ubunzima bayo obubukhali ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. (Nangona, ngokwale nto siyivayo kuSodolophu omtsha onyuliweyo uRob Ford kunye neNgxowa-mali yezeMali yaMazwe ngaMazwe, kusenokwenzeka ukuba imilo emikhulu kunaleyo izayo kwiNgqungquthela yeNgqondo eqhelekileyo). Wathi akungena uHarris kulawulo kwaye wafuduka ekunciphiseni amaxabiso entlalontle, iOCAP โโngoko nangoko yaqalisa ukulungelelanisa. Kwiinyanga zokuqala zeTory Regime, sakwazi ukuzisa ezitratweni amawaka angazange abe nenxaxheba kwezobupolitika ebomini bawo. Sibambe indibano yokuqala enkulu yokuchasa uTary eQueen's Park ngokukhawuleza emva kwesibhengezo esisemthethweni sokuthotywa kwe-21.6% kuncedo loluntu. Kungekudala emva koko, phantse abantu abaliwaka basimanya ukuze bamatsha besuka eRegent Park ehlwempuzekileyo besiya eRosedale etyebileyo ukuya kutsho kanye kwikhaya likaLieutenant-Rhuluneli owayeza kutyikitya isivumelwano sokuqalisa ukusebenza.
UHarris wakuthathela ingqalelo ukucuthwa kwamaxabiso ezentlalontle njengeyona nto iphambili kwi-ajenda yakhe kwaye, nje ukuba kubonakale kungenakwenzeka ukunqanda oku kusikelelwa, siye sagxila kumngeni wokuphunyezwa kunye neempembelelo ze-ajenda yeTory kuluntu oluhluphekayo. UHarris usungule iinkqubo zokuhlawulela umsebenzi kwaye sathatha inyathelo ngokuchasene neearhente ezivumileyo ukuba yinxalenye yeskimu seTory esitshiphu sabasebenzi. Umphathi weeNkonzo zeNtlalo eToronto wabhala ukuba umsebenzi wawubanjelwe kwesi Sixeko kuba i-OCAP 'yayidala imeko yokoyikisa.' Wayengacengi ukuba ibe ngumphelelisi kodwa eneneni wawunjalo.
Njengoko ukucuthwa kwenkxaso yengeniso kuye kwaqhubela abantu abaninzi ukuba bangabi namakhaya, siye sahlanganisana ukuze sinyanzelise ukuvulwa kweendawo zokuhlala. Ngexesha leminyaka yaseHarris, uthotho lwee-squats zahlelwa. IPope Squat eParkdale (ebizwa ngolo hlobo ngenxa yokuba sasithabathele eso sakhiwo ebudeni botyelelo lukaPopu) yaqhutywa kangangeenyanga ezintathu yaye ukuthathwa kwethu ngo-88-90 eCarlton kwakhokelela ekubeni ezi zakhiwo zibini zinezindlu ziguqulwe zibe yizindlu zasekuhlaleni. Siye saxhathisa nokugxothwa kwabantu abangenamakhaya ukusuka edolophini ngenkampi 'yePaki eKhuselekileyo' yeentsuku ezintathu eAllan Gardens. Yaphulwa ngamapolisa kodwa yakhokelela ekuqhubekeni kombutho kunye nokuchasa. Oku kuhlanganiswa kuye kwacela umngeni kwinkqubo eqhubekayo yokususa iinkonzo kunye nokugxotha abantu abangenamakhaya kumbindi weToronto njengenxalenye yokuqhubela phambili ukuphuculwa kwedolophu.
Sahlanganisana ukuxhasa i-Ontario Days of Action kunye noqhanqalazo lwesixeko ngokubanzi olwaluyinxalenye yezi. Sibeke ithemba elikhulu ekuveleni kobuso obufanayo ngokuchasene noRhulumente waseHarris kwaye sacela ukuba abasebenzi / ukuhlanganiswa koluntu kuthatyathwe kwinqanaba lenyathelo lephondo liphela eliyilelwe ukoyisa iiTories kunye ne-ajenda yazo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweenkokeli zoMbutho wezaBasebenzi bezingekakulungeli ukuchasana nolo ngquzulwano kwaye iiNtsuku zokuSebenza zayekwa ukunqunyanyiswa nangona babenamandla amakhulu. Ubungakanani bokuchasana buncitshiswe kakhulu kodwa akuzange kuthintelwe kuhlaselo lweTory. Asibonanga enye indlela ngaphandle kokuzama nokuqhubeka siqokelela uluntu oluhluphekayo kwaye sizimanye namahlakani acinga njengaye kumzabalazo. Kwakungelo xesha, ngoJuni ka-2000, apho sathi saya kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yaseOntario abantu abangenamakhaya nabaxhasi babo. Idabi leyure elide namapolisa elaliphawula 'uQueen's Park Riot' likhokelele kumonzakalo kunye nokubanjwa. Nangona kunjalo, iye yavelisa ukwanda okukhulu kwenkxaso ye-OCAP kwaye yasenza ukuba sikwazi ukulungelelanisa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu. Kunyaka olandelayo, sazimanya noluhlu lwemibutho eyahlukeneyo kwi-'Ontario Common Front' kwaye sabamba umngcelele owomeleleyo wama-2,500 ukuya kwisithili semali saseToronto owaphazamisa kakhulu umboniso wobungxowankulu baseCanada kunye namaqumrhu apho uHarris wathabatha khona ulwalathiso lwakhe.
Silwele iNguqulelo yengqondo ngokuhlanganisa uluntu oluhlwempuzekileyo phantsi kohlaselo kodwa, kuhlalutyo lokugqibela, uHarris akazange ajongane nentshukumo ezinzileyo, ebanzi yabasebenzi eyayilungele ukulwa noRhulumente wakhe kwisigqibo esiqinisekileyo. Inkqubela phambili enkulu kwi-ajenda yeniyoliberal yaqaliswa ukusebenza kwaye urhulumente olandela iLiberal uye wakwazi ukuhlanganisa imilinganiselo yeHarris. UMcGuinty kusafuneka ajongane nayo nayiphi na inkuthazo ebanzi ngokubanzi.
Abakhululi 'abaqhubela phambili'
Urhulumente waseMcGuinty wenze umsebenzi wakhe ngobuchwephesha kunye nobuncinci bengxabano. Intlupheko e-Ontario phantsi kweLiberals iye yanda kakhulu ngaphaya kwenqanaba elithathwe yiTories. Ngo-1994, phambi kokunqunyulwa kweHarris, umntu omnye kuNcedo lweNtlalontle kaWonke-wonke wayefumana isixa, kwimali yangoku yeedola, ibiya kuba yi-904 yeedola ngenyanga. Emva kokunciphisa iTory, yawela kwi-$ 690, kwakhona kwi-2010 yeedola. Namhlanje, kwaloo mntu uza kufumana nje i-585 yeedola. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko ingeniso yabantu iye yahla yaya kutsho kwinqanaba elibi kakhulu, iiLiberals ziye zaqhubeleka zizenza njengolawulo olunenkqubela kwaye zikwazile nokuzisa uluhlu olubanzi lwemibutho etafileni ukubamba iindibano zovakaliso-zimvo kunye nothethwano malunga 'nentlupheko. ukunciphisa.' Ukhuselo lwezopolitiko olubonelelwe ngabo luye lwaba luncedo olukhulu. Ngomsebenzi omnye kwabathandathu kweli phondo basebenza okanye basondele kumvuzo omncinci, ukunqunyulwa okuqhubekayo kwingeniso yokwenyani kwabo bakuncedo lwezentlalo kuye kwadlala indima ephambili ekuqhubeni abasebenzi base-Ontario kule ghetto yomvuzo ophantsi.
Umlo wokuTyelwa okuKhethekileyo kule minyaka iye yaba yodwa into eye yabeka imida ekukhukulisekeni okukhulu kwenkxaso yengeniso e-Ontario. Ibonelela nge-$250 ngomntu ngamnye ngenyanga kwabo bakuncedo lwezentlalo (ukuba izicelo zizaliswe ngu ababoneleli ngezonyango). Side sawuthatha lo mba, le nzuzo yokutya ibisaziwa kancinci kwaye amaziko oncedo loluntu akwazile ukubagxotha abo bafake izicelo. Ngo-2005, nangona kunjalo, saqala ukulwela ukufikelela kule nkqubo kwaye saseka 'iikliniki zendlala' apho amahlakani ezonyango asayine iifomu zabantu. Ngaloo nyaka, eToronto bangama-8,000 1,500 abantu abaye batyelela ezi kliniki, yaye ezinye izixeko zaseOntario zazibabambe. Siye sakwazi nokubeka abantu abamalunga ne-3 kwikliniki eyodwa kwingca yaseQueen's Park apho ababoneleli bezonyango abangamashumi amane bazalisa iifomu ezaneleyo ukuze babonelele ngezibonelelo ezingaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-XNUMX zeerandi.
Umlo woKutya okuKhethekileyo wawubaluleke kakhulu kungekuphela nje ngenxa yokuba uzise ingeniso eyayifuneka ngamandla kubantu abaninzi. Inkqubo yayibaluleke kakhulu ngokuchanekileyo kuba abantu kwakufuneka bayilwele. Njengoko besilindele, xa iifomu zizaliswe ngamanani andayo, amaziko oncedo lwentlalontle asebenze ukwenza konke anako ukucutha ukufikelela. Izenzo ezingenakubalwa kwiiofisi zentlalontle kunye nokukhubazeka kunye ne-ofisi eyintloko yeeNkonzo zeNtlalo yaseToronto zabanjwa. Saququzelela imisebenzi kwii-ofisi zikaSodolophu kunye noMphathiswa weeNkonzo zoLuntu neNtlalo. Uluntu oluhluphekayo kwafuneka luququzelele ukuphumelela inzuzo kwaye bakwenza oko ngentshona yoLuntu lwaseSomalia kwindima ephambili.
Kulo nyaka, iPhondo lithathe amanyathelo okuthintela ukufikelela kwiSidlo esiKhethekileyo kwaye sabhengeza ukuba siza kupheliswa kungekudala. Umceli mngeni wethu kolu kuncipha ngoku uqalisa ukumila kwaye siququzelela ukukhusela inkqubo yokutya kunye nokuqinisa umlo wokunyusa izinga loncedo loluntu ukubuyisela ingeniso ethatyathwe ebantwini ngurhulumente waseHarris noMcGuinty.
Njengoko iimpembelelo zohlaselo lweneoliberal ziye zanda ukutyhubela iminyaka, i-OCAP iye yahlanganisa uluntu ukuba luxhathise uhlaselo oluthile kwaye lulwele iinjongo ezithile. Ukuba besiququzelela ngexesha apho umbutho wabasebenzi ngokubanzi wawufumana inzuzo, imbali yethu ngeyahluke kakhulu. Njengoko kunjalo, asikhange sibe kwimeko yokuba negalelo kwinkqubela phambili ngokubanzi kodwa siye salwa ngexesha apho imibutho yabasebenzi kunye nentlalontle yayizikhusela kwaye ihlupheka. Ukuzingca ngento efana nephulo lokuTyelwa okuKhethekileyo alifanelekanga kulo mongo, kodwa kuyafundisa ukuqaphela ukuba le nzame inokuthi ithathelwe umva - kwindawo yayo ephezulu - malunga ne-10% yelahleko yengeniso yentlalontle yonyaka kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu edlulileyo. Side sibe neqela labasebenzi abaninzi elibuyisela umva i-ajenda ehlehlayo yongxowankulu, eyona ndibano izimiseleyo neyathi ijongiswe kakuhle kuluntu oluhluphekayo inokuphumelela kuphela - okona kulungileyo - uloyiso oluyinxenye kwaye ibeke iqonga lamadabi exesha elizayo ngemiqathango elinganayo.
Ishiti yokudibanisa izibalo
Uvavanyo lomsebenzi we-OCAP lufuna ngaphezulu kwe-balance sheet yamalungelo kunye nemvumelwano ekunyanzeliswe kuyo kwimibutho yezopolitiko kunye ne-bureaucratic. Kukwafuneka sizibuze, ngakumbi njengoko iindibano zamva nje ze-G20 ziseka i-ajenda yezizwe ngezizwe yobungqongqo, sidale ntoni ngomsebenzi wethu eza kusetyenziswa kule meko? Ndicebisa ukuba izinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zibalulekile. Okokuqala, imizabalazo yethu iye yamilisela ntoni kwezo ndawo sihleli kuzo? Okwesibini, yeyiphi imizekelo kunye nemizekelo esiye sayivelisa enokusebenza kakuhle ekucelโ umngeni uhlaselo olusehlela kwixesha elizayo elingekude?
Isiseko sokuqala esikhulu se-OCAP sasekwa kwiminyaka yoo-90s kubantu abangenamakhaya kumbindi wedolophu esempuma. Siye sajongana nokususwa kweenkonzo, kuquka nokulahleka kweebhedi. Siye sacela umngeni kwiintshukumo zamapolisa kunye namashishini kunye nemibutho yabahlali esemva kwabo. Siye sabamba izenzo zokuphatha abantu abaninzi kunye nezidlo zikawonke-wonke kunye neekhempisi ukunika abantu abangenamakhaya amandla okumelana ngokudibeneyo xa injongo yabo baphetheyo yayikukubenza bangabi namandla kwaye bangabonakali njengabantu ngabanye. Ngokuqinisekileyo, i-gentrification yendawo iqhubekile kodwa ukuxhathisa kwethu akuzange kube nempembelelo enkulu kunye nokubaluleka kwezopolitiko. Okuncinci kuyo yimpembelelo ethe yaba nayo kubantu abangenamakhaya abathi, ngamanani amakhulu, banamava okuqala okuxhathisa kunye nokuhlanganisa. Uphononongo oluvezwe kule veki lucebisa ukuba kumntu ngamnye ongenakhaya kweli lizwe, abanye abangamashumi amabini anesithathu basemngciphekweni wokuphulukana nezindlu zabo. Uhlaselo lokuTyelwa okuKhethekileyo, olunokuthi lubonwe njengembonakaliso yangethuba yemozulu entsha yobungqongqo obunzulu, isinika umbono wendlela ekubaluleke ngayo ukulwa nokungabi namakhaya kunye nokukhusela abantu abangenamakhaya okuya kuba kuko kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo. Isiseko esithe sazakha kolu luntu kunye neendlela zomzabalazo esiwamkeleyo ziya kuba sisixhobo kwimingeni esiya kulwa nayo.
I-Toronto Community Housing (TCH), igunya lezindlu zoluntu, ngoyena mnini-mhlaba mkhulu eCanada. Isitokhwe sayo siyawohloka kwaye amanqanaba ahlukeneyo karhulumente atyholwa ngoku akananjongo yokuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki. Ekwabelweni kwezixhobo zoluntu, bazakuyeka ngokukhawuleza izakhiwo ezilishumi elinambini ziwe kwaye amawaka aphulukane nezindlu zawo phambi kokuba alahle ipolisa elinye. Enyanisweni, ingaphezulu kombuzo wokwabiwa kwezibonelelo. Izindlu zikawonke-wonke zaveliswa kukuvumelana kwezentlalo esele iphelile ngoku. Ihlala kumhlaba abaphuhlisi abawufunayo kwaye ibetha inqaku eliphikisanayo ngokubhekiselele kubakhi be-austerity. Ilahleko yenkqubo ebonelela ngerenti elungiselelwe izindlu zengeniso kubantu abamalunga nama-200,000 abantu abahluphekayo kwesi Sixeko kuya kuba buhlungu kwaye kukhwankqise. I-OCAP ithathele imilo yabaqeshi ngabanye kunye namaphulo ngokubanzi kwiiprojekthi ezininzi zezindlu ezikhuphe amakhulu abahlali baseTCH kwaye bavelise uloyiso olubalulekileyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umba sele ukuwohloka kancinci kancinci kwezindlu kunye nokudalwa kweendawo ezimbalwa zokubonisa indawo zokuhlala. I-ajenda ephuhlayo yobungqongqo, nangona kunjalo, iya kulola uhlaselo lwezindlu zoluntu kwaye ukruthakruthwano lokuqala esilwenzileyo luya kusebenza njengesiqalo njengoko kuvela umlo omkhulu ngakumbi.
Iingcambu, ukuHlanganisa uluntu
E-Toronto, intshukumo yokulwa nentlupheko iya kuphumelela kuphela kwinqanaba lokuba likwazi ukuzisusa kwiindawo zokuhlala. Isiseko esisakhileyo kuLuntu lwaseSomalia linyathelo lokuqala elixabisekileyo kulo mba. Ulungelelwaniso olukhulu oluye lwenzeka kuluntu lwaseSomalia malunga neSidlo esiKhethekileyo, izindlu, ukufudukela kwelinye ilizwe kunye nengcinezelo yamapolisa ibe nokwenzeka ngenxa yezinye zezi zizathu zilandelayo.
Umba ophambili kwimbali yaseKhanada ibe ziindlela apho abantu abafudukayo baye bacinezelwa kwaye baxhatshazwa kunye nokuba naluphi na ukuchasana luqulethwe okanye lucinezelwe. Ubukhulu becala oku kuye kwaphunyezwa ngokuseka iziseko zolawulo eziqhutywa ngabagcini-masango abakhethekileyo phakathi koluntu. Ngokuphathelene noku, umfuziselo owawukho owawuza kusetyenziswa yayiyinkqubo 'yolawulo' eyayinyanzeliswa kubantu beZizwe zokuQala. Ngaphakathi kwee-arhente zoluntu ezifumana inkxaso-mali kurhulumente ngamnye kunye nezithethi ziye zaphuhliswa ukuze zikhusele ukungoneliseki kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa. Uluntu lwaseSomalia lujongene nezinga eliphezulu lentlupheko kunye nocalulo ngokobuhlanga oludala imiqobo enzima kwingqesho, imfundo kunye nezindlu. Ingcinezelo yamapolisa kunye nokuxhatshazwa kolutsha lwaseSomalia kuvelisa imvakalelo yomsindo engazange ibe kude kumphezulu. Abantu baseSomalia eToronto banezikhalazo ezinkulu kodwa inkqubo ebuthathaka yokuhambisa umjelo kwaye iqulethe oko kunganeliseki. Uluhlu lwamalungelo kuluntu luncinci kwaye uninzi lweearhente eziye zasekwa zilawulwa ngamadoda ahlala eCanada ixesha elide. Abasetyhini abaninzi baseSomalia badla ngokujonga le mizimba ngobutshaba. Oku kunqongophala kolawulo olusebenzayo kwiinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zokuthintela kube ngumba omkhulu ekudaleni ukuvulwa kwamanyathelo asebenzayo ngamalungu oLuntu lwaseSomalia. Ukutyhubela iminyaka i-OCAP yakhe ubudlelwane obuluqilima nabaququzeleli abaphambili basetyhini kuluntu lwaseSomalia. Obu budlelwane sithe sabumisa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku bunokwakhelwa phezu kwabo njengoko izikhalazo ezidalwe luphuhliso lwe-austerity drive zidala ukuvuleka okutsha kunye namathuba okuxhathisa.
Ukutyhubela iminyaka i-OCAP ibisilwa nentlupheko, besisazi kakuhle ukuba besingabaceli nje umngeni oorhulumente kunye namanyathelo ebebefuna ukuyibeka kuthi. Kunoko, sasiyichasa inkqubo yezentlalo neyezoqoqosho eyayibangela olu hlaselo. I-anti-capitalism ayikhange ibe sisihloko esinzima sokongeza njengengcamango, kodwa yinto esembindini wento esiyenzayo.
Isixa esikhulu somsebenzi wembumba yemveli esiye sazibandakanya kuwo kwiminyaka edlulileyo usekwe kwingqiqo yokuba ubukhapitali badalwa eKhanada ngokuhluthwa kunye nokufakwa kwamakoloniyali kubemi bokuqala. Inkxaso yolongamo lweZizwe zokuQala abantu kufuneka ibe yindawo yokuqala kuyo nayiphi na intshukumo enzulu yokutshintsha uluntu. Ngelixa iqhubeka nobukoloniyali kunye nokubulawa kwabantu boMthonyama apha, iCanada idlala indima yobukhosi kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe. Kubalulekile ukuba umbutho wethu ukhethe ukuxhasa ukuchaswa kwama impiriyali e-Afghanistan, ePalestine nakwihlabathi liphela.
Ekulweni nentlupheko kunye nokunciphisa intlalontle e-Ontario, le mbono ye-anti-capitalism ibe yikhampasi yezopolitiko kuthi. Ukuba, njengoko abanye bengathanda ukuba sikholelwe, oorhulumente bangoosomashishini abanyanisekileyo abeva 'kubathathi-nxaxheba' abakhuphisanayo baze bagqibe ngendlela yokwenza okona kulungileyo kwawona manani amakhulu, ngoko ke ufuna ukubonisana nabo kwaye ubafundise. Ukuba, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uthi oorhulumente basebenze izakhiwo zombuso ezisebenzela iimfuno zeklasi exhaphazayo, ngoko ulwela ukuvunyelwa ngokuphazamisa kunye nokubeka isongelo kuloo maziko kwaye ukhangele iindlela zokunciphisa iinkqubo zolawulo ezibambayo. ukuxhasa ukunyuka kwentlalo kunye nomzabalazo oqinisekileyo.
Ixesha lomsebenzi we-OCAP ukuza kuthi ga ngoku liphawulwe kungekuphela nje yi-ajenda yokubuyisela umva inkqubo esibeke phezu kwethu ngempumelelo enkulu. Kwakhona iminyaka ibilawulwa ziingxaki zenkcaso. Iimanyano kunye nemibutho yasekuhlaleni ayikhange ifumane iindlela zokuxhathisa ngokufanelekileyo - singasathethi ke ngokuhlasela. Ubukhulu becala, baye bavaleleka kwiintlobo zemisebenzi ebonisa ixesha langaphambili lokulalanisa ekuhlaleni. Ngaloo ndlela, baye basilela ukwenza njengoko bekufunwa yimeko. Ngaphambi kobunzima obukhoyo bobungxowankulu, iinzuzo zexesha elidlulileyo ziphantsi kwenkqubo yokhukuliseko oluthe ngcembe (imeko eyahlukileyo yayilixesha elinobundlongondlongo lohlaselo phantsi kukaMike Harris). Namhlanje ukuba sibona oko kwenzeka kumazwe ngamazwe, kucacile ukuba uhlaselo luyakhula ngokukhawuleza. Ukungaphumeleli ukuzilwela ngokugqibeleleyo, kunye nokucela umngeni ngokusisiseko kwinkqubo enyanzelisa ubungqongqo kuthi, akusayi kuthetha ilahleko eyongezelelweyo kodwa uloyiso oluyintlekele.
I-OCAP iququzelele kwiindawo ezihluphekayo ezinezibonelelo ezimbalwa kwaye uloyiso lwayo lugqunywe kukoyiswa ngokubanzi ngokubanzi. Senze, nangona kunjalo, umzekelo omncinci wokulwela ukuphumelela kwaye siselapha, emva kwamashumi amabini eminyaka, silungele ukuqhubeka nalo mlo. I-IMF ngoku isithembisa iminyaka engamashumi amabini yobunzima. Umceli mngeni kukuqinisekisa ukuba ixesha elizayo lembali lilawulwa kukuchasa oko kungcungcuthekiswa. Ukuba izifundo esizifundileyo, imodeli esiyidalileyo kunye namandla esiwathathayo kwimizabalazo yasentlalweni ezayo ayilo naluphi na usebenziso olubalulekileyo, ke yonke into esiyenzileyo iya kuba iyinzuzo.
UJohn Clarke ngumququzeleli kunye I-OCAP eToronto.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
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