Imwe yemagamba makuru epasirese ezvemamiriro ekunze haana kana peji reWikipedia. Kunyange zvazvo akaita zvakawanda kudzivirira pasi rinorarama kupfuura anenge munhu upi noupi mupenyu, zita rake harizivikanwi. Zvimwe ndezvokuti akanyarara uye achizvidzivirira uye pamwe nekuda kwekusaziva nezveCentral America iyo vashoma vedu vakanzwa nezvazvo. Alvaro Umaรฑa.
Izvi zvinogona kunge zvave kuda kuchinja. Anoita nyeredzi mufirimu rinonakidza, ikozvino rakabudiswa muNetherlands uye kutaurirana kutengesa kwepasi rose, kunonzi Paradhiso Yakarongwa (kuburitsa: Ndakabvunzurudzwawo). Ndiyo yekutanga-yakareba-yakareba documentary yandaona inobata zvine hungwaru nenyaya yakakosha yezvakatipoteredza: kushandiswa kwevhu. Kusiyana ne dzakakurumbira asi dzakarasika mafirimu akadai Tsvoda pasi or The Hombe Diki Farm, inoziva kuti kushandiswa kweminda yezvicherwa kwakapararira kune ngozi kune zvipenyu. Zvinoita nyaya yekuti, kunze kwekunge taverenga mahekita uye tosarudza pamwe chete kuti anofanirwa kushandiswa sei, isu tinorasikirwa nehondo yekudzivirira iyo inogarwa pasi.
Paradhiso Yakarongwa inotaura nyaya yekushanduka kunoshamisa kwezvakatipoteredza paPasi: shanduko yeCosta Rica. Kubva 1986 kusvika 1990, Umaรฑa aive gurukota rezvemamiriro ekunze muhurumende yaรscar Arias. Arias akagamuchira mubairo weNobel werunyararo wedunhu rake. Asi iyo inokatyamadza yakaenzana shanduko yemamiriro ekunze Umaรฑa yakagadziriswa haina kunyatsozivikanwa.
Kusvikira hurumende yeArias yatora simba, Costa Rica yakatambura imwe yemitengo yakaipisisa pasi rose: pane imwe ongororo yesainzi, chivharo chemasango ayo. akawira kusvika 24.4% chete yenyika.
Nhasi, masango anotora 57%, iyo, Umaรฑa anondiudza, iri pedyo nepamusoro: zvimwe zvikamu hazvina kumboitwa masango, asi mamwe zvino akagarwa nemapurazi anobereka nemaguta. Nepo huwandu hushoma hwekutema matanda zvisiri pamutemo huri kuramba huchienderera mberi, Costa Rica ndiyo yega nyika inopisa ine akawanda kana mashoma akamira achibva adzokera kumashure kutemwa kwemasango. Iko zvino ine imwe yezvikamu zvepamusoro-soro pasi rose zve nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa. Zvakaitika sei?
Umaรฑa akanyengetedza Arias kuti amurege aite dhipatimendi idzva (simba uye zvakatipoteredza) ane basa renzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa. Akaona kuti basa guru raive rekuchinja mari yekukurudzira. Kunyange zvazvo kufudza mombe kwakanga kusingabereki, sezvo munda waigona kutakura mhou imwe bedzi pahekita, kwakanga kune mubairo mukuru zvikuru kupfuura kubvumira sango kuti rimire.
Dhipatimendi rake rakaona mari inodiwa yokurega mombe pamadhora makumi matanhatu neina pagore, saka iyi ndiyo mari yaraipa kudzivirira kana kudzorera hekita yesango. Akatanga nekutaura kuvarimi vadiki nevamiriri vavo, kumatunhu uko vanhu vaifarira pfungwa iyi. Varidzi venyika vaduku zvikuru vaipiwa migove, yakati kurei vakapiwa zvikwereti zvakapfava, nevimbiso yokuti kana sango ravo rakanga richiripo pashure pamakore mashanu, raigona kushanda sechibatiso chechikwereti. Urongwa uhwu hwakabudirira zvinoshamisa: 64% yeavo vakagamuchira zvikwereti vakadzivirira kana kudzoreredza miti panyika yavo. Sezvo varidzi venzvimbo kwese kwese vakaona chirongwa ichi chine musoro wezvemari, chakava chakanyanya kuwanda.
Kuda mari yakawanda, muna 1988 Umaรฑa akabvuma zvikwereti-zve-zvakasikwa kuchinjana nehurumende yeDutch. Inogona kukanzura chikamu chechikwereti chekunze kana mari yeCosta Rica ingadai yakashandisa pakuishandira yakashandiswa panzvimbo pakuchengetedza sango.
Zvichitevera kuchinja kwehurumende, Umaรฑa akava mumiriri wemamiriro ekunze munyika yacho. Akabatsira tanga mutero unokosha we3.5% pamafuta efossil kubatsira kubhadhara kuchengetedza masango.
Nenguva isipi vadziviriri vemiti vakatanga kuwedzera mari yavo. Vashanyi vava nyika yechipiri pakukura kwemari: nhamba dzehurumende dzinoratidza kuti 65% yavo. Pamazita ecotourism sechikonzero chikuru chekushanyira. Vanouya kuzoona toucans, green macaws, howler tsoko, jaguar, caimans, chepfu dart matatya uye zvimwe zvinomuka zvinoshamisa zvakasikwa. Varidzi veminda vanogona zvakare kunyorera rezenisi zvakasarudzwa kuti vadonhe nhamba diki yemiti yavo, mimwe yacho yakakosha.
Chimwe chikonzero chekubudirira kwechirongwa ichi kugoverana yemabhenefiti emari, kunyanya kuburikidza neinotungamira pasi rose Gender action plan. Imwezve kuchinja kwetsika. Mukuvaka chitupa chitsva chakatenderedza "la pura vidaโ (upenyu hwakapfava), hurumende yakaratidza kuti, pamwe chete nezvinokurudzira zvoupfumi, rudado rwenyika runogona kubetsera kuunza miitiro yagara iripo kwenguva refu yakadai sokubvisa masango nokuda kwokupfuya mombe kumugumo.
Costa Rica yakabatsira kukurudzira Bonn Dambudziko, chirongwa chepasi rose chekudzorera ivhu rakasakara uye rakatemwa. Yakatangisa nyika dzese urongwa kuchengetedza 30% yepasi panosvika 2030, uye aive mumwe wenhengo mbiri dzemuvambi, muna 2021, yeBeyond Oil neGas Alliance (kunyangwe zvakadaro kubva ipapo akamira shure, zvichitevera kuchinja kwehurumende). Izvi zvinokatyamadza kubudirira kune imwe nyika diki.
Enzanisa rekodhi iyi nemutemo muUK, iyo, makore makumi matatu nemanomwe mushure mekunge Umaรฑa atanga kushanda, ichiri kukakavara nehafu-mhinduro uye dzisiri-mhinduro, dzakachengeterwa kudzikinurwa nevapfumi uye vane simba varidzi vezvivakwa uye vasingakwanise zvachose kuita sarudzo dzenharaunda, kunyanya pa kushandiswa kwenyika. Kunyange zvazvo mhuka dzemuCosta Rica dzichiwanda, dzedu dzapinda freefall. Hurumende inoita kunge yakatsunga, zvinopesana nemazano ese, kubvumira tsika iyi ine njodzi kuti rambai kwemamwe makore gumi asara.
Kana iri mutero wemafuta ungadai wakashandiswa, seCosta Rica, kupa mari yekugadzirisa zvipenyu, hurumende yeUK yave kanganwa inowanza ยฃ80bn mumari nekusiya basa rekufambisa mafuta reLabour escalator uye kupa vatyairi vadzorero yakakosha. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kabhoni yedu inoburitsa yakakwira kusvika 7% yakakwira kupfuura yaingadai yakaita.
Saka nei nyika yakapfuma, ine simba ichikundikana, nepo duku, ine urombo zvikuru ichibudirira? Kutaura naUmaรฑa uye kutsvaga nhoroondo yeshanduko iyi inopa mhinduro iri nyore: mhando yehurumende. Kana hurumende dzazvipira, dzakasimba uye dzisingachinji, zvinhu zvinoitika. Kana vakaonekwa vachikurudzira mapoka, cronyism nehuwori, uye kupa basa kune chimwe chinhu chinonzi "musika", vanopedza makumi emakore vachirovanisa maoko avo mhirizhonga ichitonga.
Nyika yedu yekuzvivenga, iyo inoratidzira tsika dzayo isingagone kuita sekudada, ichisimbirira kuti hurumende haigone uye haifanire kugadzirisa matambudziko edu, yakatemerwa muvambi webumbiro remutemo. Nei tisingakwanisi kutevedzera muenzaniso weCosta Rica? Nekuti chidiki asi chine simba chinoomerera pakukundikana.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta