Mabhuku pamusoro pevatungamiri vemubatanidzwa anowanzo kunyorwa nevanyori vane hunyanzvi - vangave vanyori venhoroondo dzedzidzo, vatori venhau vevashandi, kana maflacks anobhadharwa. Nhoroondo dzekare dzehupenyu nebasa revakuru vemasangano evashandi vakaita saJohn L. Lewis, Walter Reuther, Jimmy Hoffa, kana Cesar Chavez vakamhanya kubva kuhugiographic kuenda kutsoropodza zvinovaka. Vashoma vakave nemunyori wehupenyu ane maonero ebasa ravo rehutungamiriri akadzika midzi muruzivo rwekutanga seblue-collar mushandi muindasitiri imwechete uye mubatanidzwa.
Kubatana kwaKen Reiman kune nyaya ye Ron Carey uye Teamsters zvakakonzerwa nebasa rake refu semutyairi weUPS uye muratidziri mumubatanidzwa wemuno wakatungamirwa naCarey asati ava mutungamiri weInternational Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT) muma1990s. Maonero aReiman pamusoro petsika dzepabasa uye zvematongerwo enyika zvesangano zveIBT Local 804 muQueens, New York, pamberi, panguva, uye mushure mehutungamiri hwaCarey zvinopa maonero echinzvimbo pamusoro pezvinetso zvekuchinja kwemasangano mukushanda kwakarongeka mumakore makumi mashanu apfuura.
Nyaya yaCarey, sezvakataurwa naReiman, ine zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakakosha kune vechidiki vanoita zvemubatanidzwa, vangave vari Teamsters kana vanobatanidzwa mune mamwe masangano. Basa rakarongeka nhasi riri mumamiriro ekuvirisa kwakanaka. Bato rekuchinja muUnited Auto Workers (UAW), rakateedzerwa neTeamsters yeDemocratic Union (TDU), rakawana budiriro yakafanana nekukunda sarudzo dzakananga dzevakuru vakuru uye kushandisa hurongwa uhu kudzinga vakuru-vakuru vevarindi.
Pakupera kwa2023, vatungamiriri vachangosarudzwa veUAW vanga vachiratidzira zvakanyanya kurwisa vagadziri vemotokari vekuUS, mushure mekuvaka chibvumirano chenhengo-yemhando isina kumboshandiswa nehutungamiriri hwapfuura panguva yekukurukurirana kwenyika. Pakutanga kwegore, hutungamiriri hutsva muTeamsters, hwakasarudzwa muna 2022 vachitsigirwa neTDU, vakabata nhengo zhinji dzemubatanidzwa zviuru mazana matatu nemakumi matatu kuUPS muhondo yekondirakiti yenyika iyo yakatora ruzivo rwekuramwa kweUPS muna 330,000, ichitungamirwa naRon Carey.
MuCalifornia, muna 2023, vashandi muyunivhesiti yenyika vakaita danho rakakura kwazvo rekufamba kwedzidzo yepamusoro uye nhengo dzemubatanidzwa kuKaiser Permanente dzakaita kuramwa kukuru kweindasitiri yehutano munhoroondo yevashandi yeUS. Vatambi nevanyori vakapinda mukumisikidzwa kwebasa muHollywood uko kwaisanganisira vashandi vanopfuura zviuru zana nemakumi manomwe. Zvichakadaro, zviuru zvevashandi vepahotera vekuSouthern California vakarovawo chibvumirano chitsva.
Vashandi veStarbucks vakaita zvinoonekwa semushandirapamwe wekutanga wekondirakiti wakabudirira, mushure mekuita chiitiko chekuratidzira chakarongwa nenyika uye mini-kuramwa munzvimbo dzebasa. Mamiriro ekushanda anorongana mumatura eAmazon nenzvimbo dzekugovera azere nekutsikirira kwakafanana kwechitoro-pasi pakati pevashandi nemanejimendi, kusanganisira kuramwa mabasa kunotungamirwa nevashandi pamusoro penyaya dzenzvimbo munzvimbo dzakawanda dzisina kodzero dzekutaurirana kana kuzivikanwa kwemubatanidzwa.
Uku kusanganiswa kwakasimba kwedemocracy yemubatanidzwa uye kurwira shanduko, padanho renzvimbo nemunyika, uye kuwedzera mauto epabasa muzvikamu zvakawanda zvakasiyana yaive, hongu, mamiriro ebasa raRon Carey mukupera kwezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri semubatanidzwa wemubatanidzwa. Akave mutungamiri wekutanga akasarudzwa zvine hutongi hwejekerere weiyo yaive, nguva pfupi yapfuura, mubatanidzwa wenyika uwori uye uzere nechisimba.
Chikamu chega chega chekusimuka nekudonha kwaCarey, sezvakarondedzerwa mukati Kuisa Nhengo Pekutanga, akakodzera kunyatsoongororwa nevaya vari kutsvaka kutevera tsoka dzake semurwi wepauriri hwechitoro, anopikisa mumiriri wehofisi yemubatanidzwa womunzvimbomo, uye muvaki wemubatanidzwa nevamwe vanochinja zvinhu. Chekupedzisira, uye chakanyanya kufadza, raive basa raCarey semutungamiri wevashandi munyika akatarisana nedambudziko rinotyisa rekushandura sangano risingashande mukutarisana neruvengo rwevashandirwi uye kuramba kwemukati mevakuru vemubatanidzwa kuchengetedza zvavanoda, simba rezvematongerwo enyika, uye hutongi hwemunhu.
Pazasi pane zvimwe zvezvinhu zvakakosha zvekumutsiridza mubatanidzwa, sekutaurwa kwazvinoitwa mune ino biography, izvo zvinoramba zvichikoshera kune yemazuva ano kugadzirisa matambudziko:
1 Kubvisa vari mumubatanidzwa wemuno.
Kufanana nenhengo zhinji dzaisagutsikana kare uye kubvira, Carey akatanga kupinda mune zvematongerwo enyika dzemubatanidzwa nekuti vakuru veLocal 804 mukupera kwema1950 vaive vasingateereri zvichemo zvevashandi nekunetsekana. Akamhanyira shop steward, achirova mumwe mutyairi uyo “akanga asingadi kuzunungusa igwa.” Kuzunungusa chikepe kwakava "MO" waCarey kwehupenyu hwake hwose.
Asi ainzwisisa ganhuriro dzokuva “murindi ari oga.” Nhoroondo yaReiman yekuti Carey akaunganidza sei timu yevaanoshanda navo vane pfungwa dzakafanana kuti vatore mubatanidzwa inzira yakanaka kune chero ari kuedza kuzviita padanho remubatanidzwa nhasi.
Zvakatora Carey makore gumi, uye sarudzo dzinoverengeka dzakakunda achimirira mahofisi madiki, asati aita mutungamiri we804 pachikuva chekuchenesa nharaunda, kumanikidza kondirakiti, nekuvandudza penjeni. Sezvaakaita makore makumi maviri nemana gare gare mu "Marble Palace," mahofisi makuru eTeamsters muWashington, Carey akacheka muhoro wake kuratidza kuti aikoshesa kuisa zviwanikwa zvemubatanidzwa kushanda kune nhengo.
2 Kushandisa chiito chakananga pabasa.
Gore Ron Carey akava mutariri weTeamster, Local 804 yakanga ine makumi maviri e wildcat kurohwa; nguva pfupi yapfuura vatyairi veUPS muNew York City vakarova kwemavhiki matanhatu, pamusoro pekupokana kwevakuru vemubatanidzwa wenyika nevemunyika. Mumakumi matatu emakore ake emunharaunda, Carey akapinda mukati, pane kuyedza kudzvinyirira, chinzvimbo-uye-faira kusagadzikana kwakatora maitiro ekuita basa, kungave kuri pamutemo kana kwete.
Carey paakava mutungamiri muna 1968, mushure mekuita mushandirapamwe kwegore sechikamu cheanopikisa slate, dambudziko rake rekutanga raive rakarova UPS zvakare. Panguva ino, nhengo dze804 dzakabuda kunze kwemwedzi inopfuura miviri kuti dzihwine penjeni yekutanga "makumi maviri neshanu-uye-kunze" yepenjeni (inobvumira vashandi kuenda pamudyandigere mushure memakore makumi maviri nemashanu vari pabasa) neUPS, zvinobudirira. kushandisa mavhoti ekuramba kondirakiti pamisangano mizhinji kuhwina iri nani yekupedzisira kupihwa kubva kune maneja.
3 Inonetsa hutungamiriri hwekutonga kwekutaurirana.
Sekutaura kunoita Reiman, Carey akakurumidza kugadzira mukurumbira wekutendeseka, kubuda pachena, uye kuzvimiririra kubva kune huwori hwedunhu uye renyika masimba eIBT. Asi, muTeamsters ipapo, uye mune mamwe mibatanidzwa mazhinji nhasi, zvitsuwa zvemauto zvine dambudziko rekurarama mugungwa remubatanidzwa webhizinesi.
Kuisa Nhengo Pekutanga inoratidza kuti vagari venzvimbo vanopokana vakaita saCarey's 804 vanofanira kukunda sei kuyedza nevakuru vemubatanidzwa kukanganisa kubatana pakati pevashandi vari kutaurirana nemushandirwi mumwe chete, asi munharaunda dzakasiyana kana masangano enyika. Nzira dzaCarey dzekukanganisa zvirongwa zvemaneja “kugova-uye-kunde”, zvichibatsirwa nekutsigirwa nevakuru vemubatanidzwa, dzakafanirwa kutevedzerwa.
4 Kudyidzana nevashanduri vane pfungwa dzakafanana.
Mumakore ekuma1980, IBT yakatanga kutaurirana nyaya dzakawanda neUPS padanho rekambani-pamwero - kuburikidza nekomiti yaidzorwa zvakasimba yenyika yenhaurirano - izvo zvakaderedza kuwanda uye kukanganisa kwenhaurirano dzemunharaunda kana dzedunhu. Kurwisa kutyisidzira uku, Carey neLocal 804 vakatanga kudyidzana nevapikisi veUPS munyika yose, kusanganisira avo vagara kwenguva refu muTDU uye vachipesana zvakaenzana nemutemo weIBT waida vhoti yezvikamu zviviri muzvitatu, kwete ruzhinji. kuramba chero chibvumirano chekuedza nemushandirwi.
Kukwikwidzana neInternational Union pamusoro pekumisikidzwa kwezvibvumirano zvisingafadzi zveUPS - zvakavhoterwa nevazhinji veavo vakafukidzwa navo - kwakabatsira kuvaka sangano rekuita democratise maTeamsters nekubatanidza mhedzisiro yakaipa yekurambana nekuramba kodzero dzenhengo.
5 Kuhwina nekushandisa nhengo imwe, vhoti imwe.
Nhengo zhinji dzemubatanidzwa weUS hadzina chakanangana nevakuru vavo vemubatanidzwa wenyika nenhengo dzedare repamusoro. Vekupedzisira vanosarudzwa nemapoka madiki evamiriri vemubatanidzwa wemuno pamakongiresi enyika ayo anodzorwa nehutungamiriri, kunyanya kana varipo vave kuda kusarudzwa patsva. Masangano enhumwa aya haadi kuchinja mabumbiro emubatanidzwa wenyika kuti abvumidze nzira yegutsaruzhinji inoshandiswa muAmerican Postal Workers Union, International Longshore neWarehouse Union, NewsGuild-Communications Workers of America, nemamwe mashoma.
Mabhindauko makuru chete ekuvhota zvakanangana nevakuru vakuru akaitika mushure menyaya dzehuwori uye kupindira kwematare kunosanganisira IBT, UAW, neLabourers' International Union yekuNorth America. Pasina danho-ne-faira reform reform - yemhando yakatsigira Carey panguva mbiri dzake dzeTeamsters dzemutungamiri wenyika, kana dzakatanga munguva pfupi yapfuura muUAW - zvinoramba zvakaoma kuti vanopikisa vakunde sarudzo dzemubatanidzwa. Chidzidzo chebhuku rino ndechekugadzirira kuvhurwa kwezvematongerwo enyika kana zvikaitika, tichirwira "nhengo imwe, vhoti imwe" panguva ino.
6 Kugadzirisa kugadzirisa kwemukati.
Carey nedzimwe nhengo dzesaiti yake yekuvandudza pavakatora mahofisi makuru eTeamsters muna 1992, Marble Palace yanga isiri chiyeuchidzo chekupfuura Teamster yakanyanyisa. Yakanga izere nemadhipatimendi asingaite zvisina kunaka, nevashandi vanobhadharwa zvakanyanya uye/kana vasingakwanise kurwisa zvinangwa zveutongi hutsva. Vavengi vekuchinja vakadzorawo makanzuru ese akabatana eTeamster, makonferensi enharaunda, uye mabhodhi ehomwe zhinji dzehutano, hwemagariro, uye dzepenjeni. Vakuru vakuru ava vane simba vaida kuti Carey nechikwata chake vawire pasi nezviso zvavo.
Kushanda nevaratidziri veTDU kutenderera nyika uye vashoma vevakuru venzvimbo vane pfungwa dzekuchinja, Carey akaisa makumi manomwe neshanu vagari venzvimbo vari kunetseka pasi pehutungamiriri, kucheka marara, kuwedzera Teamster kuronga, kuhaya vashandi vatsva vane hutsinye, uye nhengo dzakasimba. Sezvinyorwa zveReiman, kubviswa kwe "nzvimbo dzemisangano" kwaive kukunda kukuru kwekugadzirisa - uye purani yakakodzera kuteedzera, sezvinodiwa, mune mamwe mibatanidzwa akaiswa zvigaro zvisingakoshi zvehutongi uye kusungirirwa kwevashandi.
7 Kugara pedyo nenhengo.
Kune chikwereti chake, Carey haana kumbonzwa akasununguka munyika yake itsva yemukati-ye-Beltway (umo tsika yekusagadzikana yezvematongerwo enyika uye kubhadhara zvakanyanya "kubvunzana" kwaizobatsira mukuparadza kwake). Aifarira kutandara nevanoshanda Teamsters muQueens, kwete vezvematongerwo enyika kana vamwe vakuru-vakuru vemubatanidzwa muWashington. Aive bhiza rekushanda kwete bhiza rekuratidzira, mubati wemaoko ematambudziko emazuva ese enhengo dzeIBT, makuru nemadiki.
Zvakaitwa nesangano raCarey, sezvinoratidzwa naReiman, zvaigara zvichidzika midzi muhukama hwakasimba hwemunhu nenhengo iyo vazhinji vakasarudzwa nevakuru vakuru vakagadzwa vanoita sevanorasikirwa apo vanokwira kuburikidza nemapoka emahofisi avo emubatanidzwa.
8 Kutora vashandirwi, nevabatsiri vatsva.
Nguva yakanakisa yaCarey yakauya muna 1997 apo kuvepo kwemumwe munhu pamusoro pemubatanidzwa aitenda nemoyo wese musimba renzvimbo nefaira kwakaita kuti vashandi veUPS 185,000 vahwine kuramwa mabasa kukuru munyika yose mumakore makumi matatu apfuura. Mushandirapamwe wekondirakiti yeUPS wakashandisa kudzidzisa kwenhengo uye kuunganidza, kuvaka mubatanidzwa wevashandi, uye kuparidzira vatengi veUPS uye neruzhinji kuburikidza nenhepfenyuro izvo mubatanidzwa waive usati wamboshandisa.
Makore maviri zvisati zvaitika, MaTeamsters ari pasi paCarey akanga akanda mavhoti miriyoni imwe nechidimbu musarudzo dzekutanga kukwikwidzwa dzeAFL-CIO mumakore zana, zvichibatsira kuchengetedza kukunda kwehutungamiriri hutsva hunobatsira zvikuru mukuratidzira kwehutungamiriri hwevashandi sekuramwa kweUPS. IBT yakabatana nemubatanidzwa wevashandi-nharaunda Mabasa Nekururamisira, yakatambira shanduko yezvehutano inobhadhara mubhadharo mumwe chete, uye yakakurudzira kutengeserana pachena. Mubatanidzwa wakasiya hukama hwayo hwechinyakare kune vanochengetedza maRepublican, vachichengetedza vamwe - kunyangwe zvisina kukwana - chinhambwe kubva kumaDemocrats akaodza moyo kana kutengesa vashandi.
9 Kutarisira kupandukira hurumende.
Kana vanochinja mubatanidzwa vanokunda, vachiri kutarisana nokusundwa nevavengi vomukati vakadzika midzi. Kupwanya kwaCarey pamakoronyera uye hutungamiriri hwepamusoro hwakabvisa zvikamu zvakakura zveTeamster officialdom. Vachiri masimba masimba avo vakapatsanura rutsigiro rwavo pakati pevaviri ve "Old Guard" muna 1991 vakabhanga dambudziko rakabatana remamiriyoni mana emadhora, vachitungamirwa naJames Hoffa, makore mashanu gare gare. Gweta rakapfuma rebasa reDetroit rakabudirira semutsoropodzi wevanhu ve "New Teamster" iyo yaive yekubira, isingaite, uye ichitungamirwa ne "vekunze."
Sekutaura kunoita Reiman, Carey mushandirapamwe wekutsvaga mari yekusazvibata muna 1996 kwaive kuzviparira kuzvibata kune vane hunhu uye mukurumbira weveruzhinji wehutongi hwake. Yakanga iri mhedzisiro yekucheka kwekona uye kumusoro-pasi mushandirapamwe yaive yakasiyana zvakanyanya kubva pasi-kumusoro nzira iyo yakasunda Carey kukunda makore mashanu apfuura.
Hunhu hweiyi nyaya: kana iwe uchizotora huwori hwemubatanidzwa uye makambani eAmerica panguva imwe chete, usarege "vekunze" vane mukana vachirovera ngoro yavo kuchikwata chako. Makaro avo, kutonga kwakashata, uye kushaikwa kwebatano ipi neipi neshanduko yomubatanidzwa kuchatungamirira kukugumburwa kworudzi rutsva.
Nepo dambudziko rekupomerwa mhosva kwaRon Carey uye kurambidzwa kubva kumubatanidzwa kuchiita kuti kuverenga kunorwadza, bhuku raKen Reiman rinotiyeuchidza kuti boka rekuchinja reTeamster rakapona "Donorgate” pakati pe-1990s uye akatsigira nhaka yake yekupokana neTeamster yekare-varindi zvematongerwo enyika nemitemo. Basa raCarey nevatsigiri vakawanda vane pfungwa dzakafanana makumi mana emakore apfuura rakasimudza danho uye rakagadzira danho revanovandudza Teamster kuti vatorezve muzinda wavo wenyika makore makumi maviri nemashanu gare gare.
Imwe mhedzisiro yekukunda ichangoburwa yenyika-chikamu chekuvandudza slate yaive 2022-23 UPS kondirakiti mushandirapamwe, waitora pane zvidzidzo, zviitiko, uye, kazhinji, hutungamiriri hwe1997 veterans. Mukuburitswa kwenhau kwakawanda uye kuongororwa kwegore rapfuura kondirakiti yemushandirapamwe nemhedzisiro yayo, zita raCarey, ndangariro, uye chiitiko chekare chekurova chaiwanzodaidzwa.
Kunhengo dzeTDU uye nemamwe maTeamsters mazhinji ane mavhoti akamuita mutungamiri wekutanga akasarudzwa zvakanangana nemubatanidzwa wenyika, Carey anoramba ari gamba, kwete zvinosiririsa. Mumubatanidzwa umo kusvika nanhasi, mapurisa mazhinji emuno ari kutyira TDU, aimbova mutyairi weMarine uye aimbove mutyairi weUPS kubva kuQueens aive mubatsiri akasarudzika mubato rekuvandudza iro rave nemakore makumi mashanu.
Mukati menguva iyoyo, takava neropafadzo yokushanda naRon munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana uye kumuona achiita chiito, seri kwezviono uye pachena, munguva dzakati kuti dzakaoma zvikuru munhau yazvino uno yemubatanidzwa.
Reiman akaunza nyaya yaRon kuchizvarwa chitsva chevashandi vakatarisana nebasa risati rapera rekumutsiridza nekugadzirisa bato revashandi reUS. Iri bhuku richabatsira kuona kuti basa raCarey rimwechete richarangarirwa - uye nekuremekedzwa zvakafanira - nguva refu mushure mekunge vatsoropodzi vake nevashori vakanganwa.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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