Skyrocketing smartphone varidzi uye kushandiswa kweinternet pasi rose kuri kubatanidza kupatsanurwa kwedhijitari kunyangwe hupfumi hwekuMadokero huine huwandu hwepamusoro hwekushandisa tekinoroji, iyo Pew Research Center. Zvinonzi svondo rino. Zvisinei, kunyange sezvo vanhu vakawanda vachishandisa ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu, musiyano uri pakati pevasina kana kuti wavasina unoramba uchidzika uye kukura.
Vakaraswa neshanduko yedhijitari vanosanganisira vanhu mabhiriyoni mana vane hupenyu kusvika parizvino hwakasiiwa zvakanyanya nehunyanzvi hweruzivo rweruzivo nekufambiswa kwemashoko izvo vazhinji vedu tinozvitora sezvinei. Izvi zvinoreva kuti isu vedu vanoverenga chidimbu ichi tiri pakati peiyo rombo rakanaka mabhiriyoni matatu.
Mumakore gumi apfuura, nhamba yevashandisi veinternet yakakura nekukurumidza - kubva pabhiriyoni imwe muna 1 kusvika pamabhiriyoni 2005 pakupera kwegore rapfuura. Kutama kwevanhu vakawanda kuenda kunzvimbo yepamhepo, zvisinei, kure nekupedza. Izvi zvakakonzera kusiyana kukuru kwehupenyu hwehupenyu, hwese uye hwechokwadi.
Dzimwe 3.5 bhiriyoni yekutsvaga kweGoogle inoitiswa mazuva ese, asi inoda kusvika 17 muzana yevanhu vakuru venyika haigoni kuverenga nokunyora. Zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zveizvi vakadzi. Nepo 500 miriyoni vashandisi veFacebook vachiona 8 bhiriyoni mavhidhiyo pazuva, vana vane mamiriyoni 67.4 havasi muchikoro. Snapchat's 100 miriyoni zuva nezuva anoshanda uye kunyanya vechidiki vashandisi vanogovana angangoita zviuru gumi zvemifananidzo pechipiri; asi vechidiki vanosvika miriyoni zana nemakumi maviri nemaviri – vanodarika zvikamu makumi matanhatu kubva muzana vari madzimai echidiki – havagoni kuverenga nekunyora.
Izvo zvakanaka zve tekinoroji tekinoroji ndezvechokwadi, asi mabhenefiti haana kugovaniswa zvakaenzana. Mukubviswa kubva paInternet, inopfuura hafu yehuwandu hwepasi rose inobviswa kubva kune zvayakanakira, shanduko uye hutongi. Avo vakabatana vanorasikirwa nekutora chikamu, kusiyana uye kupinza kweavo vasina kubatanidzwa.
Digital divide inofambirana nekusaenzana kuripo mukugovewa kwezvinhu nemasevhisi. Oxfam munguva pfupi yapfuura Zvinonzi kuti vapfumi muzana muzana vava nepfuma yakawanda kudarika nyika yose yabatanidzwa. "Simba neropafadzo zviri kushandiswa kukanganisa hurongwa hwehupfumi kuwedzera mukaha pakati pevakapfuma nevamwe," NGO inodaro. Mumushumo wayo we2016 Digital Dividends, World Bank Anotsanangura kuti mhuri dziri munyika dzakawanda dzine mukana mukuru wokuva nenharembozha pane kuwana magetsi kana mvura yakachena.
Kunyange zvazvo avo vari munyika yeMazhinji vasina kuwana dzidzo, magetsi uye mvura yakachena, vazhinji vedu muGlobal North tiri kubatsirwa kubva ku 'Internet yezvinhu' inogara ichisimukira. Mafiriji eSmart anogona kurongwa kuti aone kana iwe uchida girosari yako inotevera, uye odha mukaka nemazai kuti uendeswe pamusuwo wako. Panguva imwe cheteyo, mitongo yokushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri inosvikira kurufu vana vanenge mamiriyoni 3.1 vari pasi pemakore mashanu, makore ose. Mota dzine njere dzinogona kushandura kupisa-kumba uye maalarm masisitimu kubatidza kana kudzima pavanenge vachipinda munzira. Munyika imwe cheteyo, vanhu mabhiriyoni 1.6 vanogara mudzimba dzisina kukodzera uye vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 100 vanoramba vasina pokugara.
Kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji kunogona kushandiswa kuderedza kusarongeka kwepasi rose mukuwana kodzero dzekutanga dzehupfumi nemagariro, uye kudzikisira kabhoni tsoka yedu. Muchokwadi, ivo vari kugadzirirwa kusimudzira mararamiro ekuzorora. Anofungidzirwa kuti mamiriyoni 89 ematani ezvokudya anoparara gore negore mukati meEuropean Union. Smart tekinoroji inogona kubatsira kugovera zviwanikwa zvakaringana, kusanganisira kubatsira vane nzara.
Panzvimbo iyoyo, Madokero ari kupinda muzera idzva rakashongedzwa redhijitari rinopa hutete hwakatetepa pamusoro pekusarongeka kwenhoroondo. Mhuka inosimbisa mafoni edu inocherwa nevashandi vekuDemocratic Republic of Congo vanonetsekana kuti vawane mihoro yakanaka. Tsvina yetekinoroji - inogadzirwa nekutenderera kwekutenga mudziyo wazvino uno wakagadziridzwa - inogadzira makomo ekusvibisa. Kukwenya pamusoro peiyo digital revolution uye iwe unowana yakazara-yepamusoro-yepamusoro tsanangudzo kusaenzana.
Nyanzvi zhinji dzinotenda kuti mhinduro yekukamuranisa dhijitari iri kuita kuti vanhu vakawanda vabatanidzwe uye vabatanidzwe neruzivo neruzivo rwekutaurirana. Ikoko imhaka yokuti, nokuda kwavazhinji vari muMazhinjisa Nyika, ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu rwedhijitari rwakava nebetsero chaidzoidzo.
Nharembozha dzakadzikisa mutengo wekutumira mari kushamwari nemhuri nekuita kuti kubhadhara kwedhijitari kubvire. World Bank inoshuma kuti 1 bhiriyoni vanhu vakaremara - makumi masere muzana avo vanogara munyika dzichiri kusimukira - vanoshandisa tekinoroji, izwi uye vhidhiyo tekinoroji kuvabatsira kutaura. Vanhu vanoda kusvika mabhiriyoni 80 havana zvitupa zvakadai sezvitupa nemarezinesi, zvichikonzera zvipingamupinyi zvikuru kune avo vari kutsvaga rubatsiro rwezveutano. Digital masisitimu anogona kubatsira kupa aya marekodhi anodiwa.
UN ine yakazivisa internet yakakosha yekuzadzisa Zvinangwa zvayo zveSustainable Development - kugadzirisa urombo, nzara, hutano uye dzidzo - panosvika 2030. Kunyange zvazvo mabhenefiti ari kuoneka uye asingagone kudzingwa, pane rima divi kune zvikumbiro zvekuwedzera tekinoroji uye kubatana semhinduro yekukunda kupatsanurwa. .
Nepo tekinoroji yedhijitari ichionekwa seinogonesa hunyanzvi uye mukana kune varombo nevanoshaya, masangano mazhinji ebudiriro uye maNGOs anopa mhinduro dzinobva kune neoliberal paradigm. Iyi paradigm inokurudzira shanduko munyika dzeMazhinji dzeNyika dzinodzikisira misika yekufambiswa kwemashoko uye kufambisira mberi kutengeserana. Kuburikidza nekudyara kwakawanda kwebhizinesi uye kukwikwidza kukuru, 'kukura kwehupfumi' kunogona kuitika, ndiyo nharo.
Zvakadaro mitemo yehupfumi yeneoliberal yakakonzera kusaenzana kuri kukanganisa munenge nyika dzese pasirese. Kana nzira dzakadai dzikateverwa, humambo hushoma hwehunyanzvi hwedhijitari - hwakavakirwa zvakanyanya muGlobal North - huchabatsira, uye kunyangwe tekinoroji yavo yakavimbiswa inogona kuunza pundutso nebudiriro kune vashoma, vakawandisa vacharamba vachisiiwa.
Tekinoroji pachayo haisi iyo mhinduro yekusaruramisira kwepasi rose. Mhinduro dzichabva mukugovewa kwakanaka uye kugovewa kwe zvose zviwanikwa - zvekurima, zvekushandisa uye zvedhijitari. Forecasts zano rekuti zvipingamupinyi zvesainzi, zvemutemo uye zvetsika zvekugadzira matekinoroji akawanda ari kusimukira zvichabereka kusaenzana kweramangwana muupfumi nesimba pakati pemarudzi. IUS parizvino yakamira zvirinani kuvandudza nanotechnologies uye kuita stem-cell research kupfuura nyika zhinji muLatin America neAfrica, semuenzaniso. Iyo iripo sisitimu ine zvishandiso zvitsva ichatungamira kune imwechete yakare mhedzisiro, kana - yakaipisisa - yakadzika midzi uye yakadzika kusaenzana.
Kukunda kupatsanurwa kwedhijitari kunoreva kufunga zvakare kugona kwetekinoroji inogoneka uye kuvagadzirisa zvakare kuti vashumire zvinodiwa nevanhu, pane kubereka zvekare uye zvitsva zvakasiyana muhupfumi nesimba.
Chris Spannos ari Digital Editor pa New Internationalist. Chinyorwa chaMay chemagazini yedu chichanyatso tarisa tekinoroji nebudiriro.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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