"Hachisi chokwadi here kuti America, nekutaura chokwadi chezvombo zvataona, ndiyo chete inogona kuva mupurisa wenyika?" (Yakatorwa, John Pilger, Hidden Agendas, Vintage, 1998, p.45)
Saka, David Dimbleby weBBC, achibvunzurudza muenzi, kwete panguva ye "Operation Iraqi Freedom" asi munguva yekupedzisira yeGulf War. Pamatani 88,500 emabhomba akadonhedzwa munguva yehondo iyoyo, mamwe 7% akanga ari mabhomba 'akachenjera'. Zvizhinji zveizvi zvakarasika: zvipatara, zvikoro, mamosque, zviteshi zvemagetsi, nhare dzepakati, mafekitari ekuchenesa mvura, nzvimbo dzeutano dzenharaunda, mafekitari emachira, zvivakwa zvekuvaka, mafekitari emotokari, simende, mabhazi nezvitima zvese zvakarohwa - zvakawanda. zvezvivakwa zvinodiwa kuchengetedza nzanga zvakaparadzwa.
Zvino sezvazvino, veruzhinji vakashamiswa nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro-soro hwemabhomba anotumirwa kuuraya nekuremadza. Zvino sezvazvino, isu tainyanya kushamiswa neanoshamisa Patriot missile system - kukwanisa kupfura mapfumo evavengi kubva mudenga. The Patriot yaive kukunda kwakakasharara muna 1991 - 98% yakabudirira kubata zvombo zveScud, maererano nekufungidzira kwemauto eUS. Vaverengi vanogona kuziva kuti uyu ndiwo mwero werutsigiro wakanyorwa nevadzvanyiriri vakaita saSaddam Hussein panguva ye'sarudzo'. Nehurombo kumauto eUS, purofesa Ted Postol weMassachusetts Institute of Technology akakumbirwa kuti aongorore nhamba ye98%. Mibairo yacho yakatishamisa zvishoma:
"Zvakave pachena kuti [Patriot] yakanga isati yave pedyo nekudzivisa chero zvinangwa, ndoda zvimwe zvinangwa". (Ted Postol. Yakatorwa, Great Military Blunders, Channel 4, Kurume 2, 2000)
Vatori venhau vanotaura nezvekubudirira kunoshamisa kwemaPatriots anhasi vanoita sevasina kuziva zvakawanikwa naPostol. The Patriot system ibasa guru kune vanhu vanoda mari inosvika mabhiriyoni zana negumi erubatsiro kuruzhinji rwebhizinesi guru rinozivikanwa seNational Missile Defense - vatori venhau vari kuita basa rakanaka vachivamiririra.
Al-Shula โ Kuviga Mhosva
Mamwe makombi ari kurasikawo. Manheru ekutanga kwaKurume 28, mishumo yakafashama kupota nyika yekuuraiwa kwevanhu makumi mashanu neshanu (55) mudunhu real-Shula reBaghdad. Maawa gare gare, kuburitswa kweNewsnight nezvehutsinye uhwu kwaisanganisira 62-yechipiri mushumo waDavid Sells maminetsi gumi nematanhatu muchirongwa - avhareji isingasviki sekondi imwe parufu.
Kazhinji kuNewsnight uye nenhau dzakawanda dzenhau, Sells akaratidzira kuuraya uku sedambudziko reAnglo-American PR, uye rinofanofungidzira ipapo: "Ihondo, mushure mezvose", Sells akataura pachena pamusoro pemifananidzo yevakadzi vachichema neshungu: "Asi. chinangwa chemubatanidzwa ndechekubvisa Saddam Hussein nekukunda mwoyo nepfungwa. "
Tinogona kufungidzira kuita kana Sells akatyora bhomba reBali kune vataridzi veBBC nenzira imwechete: Hongu, vanhu vaive vafa - "Iri kurwisa kwemagandanga, shure kwezvose" - asi chinangwa chevabhomba "ndechokukunda mwoyo nepfungwa. โ
Ndakabvunza mupepeti weNewsnight, George Entwistle, pamusoro pemasekonzi makumi mana nemashanu: โSechirongwa chezvinoitika zvino tinotungamira panhau apo tinofunga kuti tinogona kuwedzera kukosha kwekuongorora; kureva kuti tinogona kuitora here? Hatina kunzwa kuti tinogona kuwedzera chimwe chinhuโ, akadaro. Chimwe chinhu che "analytical value" zvichida chakawanikwa dai vakaurayiwa vanga vari vekuBritain kana vekuAmerica. Rationalisations parutivi, chokwadi chakashata chinotsanangurwa naNoam Chomsky mubhuku rake razvino, Power And Terror: โKana vakaita chimwe chinhu kwatiri, nyika iri kusvika kumagumo. Asi kana tikazviita kwavari, zvakangonaka, nei tichifanira kutaura nezvazvo?โ (Chomsky, Simba uye Kutyisa, Nhau nomwe Press, 45, p.2003)
Vezvenhau vakafara kutaurirana zvaitaurwa naDowning Street kuti kuputika kwenzvimbo yemusika kungangove kwakakonzerwa neshongwe yekurwisa ndege yekuIraq. Uku kuedza kuri pachena kwekukanganisa kukanganisa kwakataurirwa pasina dambudziko uye nyaya yakadonhedzwa. The Independent's Robert Fisk uye weBBC's Andrew Gilligan, zvisinei, vese vakashuma (Gilligan, kwandiri pachivande, kwete kuburikidza neBBC TV) kuwanikwa kwechikamu chemissile mumusika chine manhamba maviri eserial: "30003-704ASB 7492" uye "MFR. 96214 09โ. ASB inomirira Airborne Special/Combination Bombing Equipment - hurongwa hunoshandiswa nejeti dzeUS, kusanganisira B-52. Nhamba ye "MFR" yakateedzerwa kumashure kumugadziri, Raytheon, ichikurudzira kuti bhomba raive Harm (High Speed โโAnti-Radiation Missile) mudziyo, kana bhomba rinotungamirwa nePaveway laser. Ndege yeEA-6B "Prowler" kubva kuUSS Kittyhawk yakanga iri mushishi pamusoro peBaghdad neChishanu uye yakapfura kanenge kamwe chipotsera cheHarm.
Kunze kweChipiri Newsnight, iyo MediaLens yakapokana kuti ivhare zvakawanikwa naFisk (isu taiva sosi iyo varatidziri vakati "vakakurudzira" kwavari zvinoreva ASB), iyo nyaya kusvika parizvino yanga isingatariswe nevezvenhau.
Pachirongwa chimwe chete cheNewsnight, Kirsty Wark akabvunzurudza Gen Sir Michael Jackson, Mukuru weGeneral Staff: "Ndakatanga nekumubvunza kana mauto emubatanidzwa asina simba rekubatsira vanhu vakanangwa nemauto eIraq muBasra", akatiudza. Hapana chikonzero chekupikisa chokwadi chezvaitaurwa mazuva mashoma mushure mekunge US / UK yataura zvekumukira muBasra, zvehondo dzinorema dzakapfurwa mumhomho, uye yekurwiswa kwematangi eIraq, zvese zvakafumurwa sezvisina maturo.
Kuwedzera kwezvinokonzeresa zvekusimbisa nekusasiiwa kwevezvenhau zvakarerekera kusingaperi ndezvekuti veruzhinji vanonyengetedzwa kuti kuumbwa kweUS/UK kune musoro, zvine musoro, zvinoremekedzeka uye zvakavimbika; uye kuti vavengi vavo havana njere uye vanochinja-chinja-vakakodzera vamiriri, kutaura zvazviri, padanho rekurapa "kuvhunduka uye kutya". Zvinoita senge rusaruraganda asi nekuda kwekuti vanhu veNyika Yetatu vane tsika isingafadzi yekuwana pakati pezviwanikwa zveNyika yeTatu nevaridzi vazvo vane kodzero - makambani ekuMadokero.
Anogona Kuita Zvakanaka - Media Lens Uye Iyo New Statesman
Media Lens yakakumbirwa kunyora vhiki nevhiki mazana matanhatu-mazwi 'bhokisi' remagazini yeNew Statesman. Mukutsvaga zvinyorwa zvezvinyorwa zvedu takaenda kushamwari dzekare - Guardian, ITN uye vatori venhau veBBC - tichivakumbira kuti vatsanangure kusimbisa kwavo kunoshamisa nezvavakasiya mukuvhara Iraq. Takatumira mibvunzo kuvatori venhau vatatu, tichitaura kuti nyaya dzacho dzaida kubudiswa muNew Statesman. Isu taitarisira, zvakanyanya, pfupi mhinduro dzeemail mukudzoka. Pane kudaro, fungidzira kushamisika kwedu patakagamuchira mhinduro iyi kubva kuITN:
"David, Zvimwe ungandifonera nezve email yako nhasi kuna [ITN muratidziri] Lauren Taylor. Ndatenda Lucy Goodwin ITV Nhau Press Hofisi [nhamba yerunhare yakapihwa] โ(Email kuMedia Lens, Kurume 28)
George Entwistle, mupepeti weBBC inotungamira hurongwa hwazvino, Newsnight, akapindura zvakafanana:
โMhoro David Tinotenda netsamba yako. Ndingafara kukurukura newe nezvekuita maodha parunhare neMuvhuro. Ndichange ndiri muhofisi mangu kubva na2pm zvichienda mberi - [nhamba dzerunhare dzapihwa]. Ndinotarisira kunzwa kubva kwamuri. Zvishuwo zvakanaka, Georgeโ (Email kuMedia Lens, Kurume 30)
Mupepeti weGuardian, Alan Rusbridger, akatozvipira kutifonera:
โune phone number here? zvakaoma, saka ndichaedza ndokutsanangura." (Email kuMedia Lens, Kurume 29)
Mumakore ari pasi pemaviri chete, idzi ndidzo nhambo dzokutanga apo vatapi venhau vemazuva ano vakada kutaura nesu parunhare; kana, sekuziva kwedu, chero pamazana mazhinji evanyori veMedia Lens vakavabata. Tinotenda kuti pane zvidzidzo zvekudzidza pano. Zviri pachena kuti vezvenhau vanoshanda munzvimbo yakavharwa umo mamwe maonero ane basa nekuti mamwe maonero anoonekwa seane simba rekukonzeresa kana kukuvadza. Nemamwe manzwi, zvinofungwa ndezveudyire - 'Chii chine simba rekukuvadza/kusimudza ini nekambani yangu yezvenhau?' Uye kwete, 'Chii chiri chine mufungo, chetsika uye chakafanirwa nemhinduro ine revo, inorangarirwa?' Nei izvi zvichifanira kuva zvakadaro?
Imwe pfungwa inopiwa naRobert Hinkley, uyo akapedza makore makumi maviri nematatu segweta rezvibatiso zvemakambani, uye anotsanangura kuti mutemo wemakambani unova nechokwadi chekuti vanhu vanotungamira makambani vane basa repamutemo kune vanogovana, uye basa iri kuita mari:
โMutemo wekambaniโฆ unoburitsa zvinonetsa pahunhu nemagariro sezvisina basa, kana sezvigumbuso kumabasa akakosha esangano. Ndiwo mashandiro anoita mutemo mukati memubatanidzwa. Kunze kwesangano mhedzisiro yacho inoparadza zvakanyanya. Ndiwo mutemo unotungamira makambani kuti ashingaire kuregeredza kukanganisa kune zvese zvido kunze kweizvo zvevagovani. Kana makemikoro ane muchetura akaraswa, masango achiparadzwa, vashandi vanosiiwa vari muurombo, kana nzanga dzaparadzwa nokudzimwa kwezvirimwa, makambani anoona izvi semigumisiro isingakoshi iri kunze kwenzvimbo yavanoitira hanya. Asi kana mutengo wekambani wanyura, injodzi. " (Hinkley, 'How Corporate Law Inhibits Social Responsibility', January/February 2002 chinyorwa cheBusiness Ethics, ona www.medialens.org )
Makaro asingadzoreki uye kuzvifarira zviri pamwoyo wekambani, kusanganisira vezvenhau vemakambani, system. Kana Media Lens inoburitsa zvinhu zvakakosha mumagazini inoremekedzwa uye ine simba senge New Statesman, izvi zvine basa kune vezvenhau zvakanyanya nekuda kwechikonzero chimwe chete icho chakakosha kana mutengo wemasheya uchityisidzira zvavanofarira.
Nokudaro, apo takadenha The Independent on Sunday gore rakapera kuti ribudise ongororo yebhuku razvino raJohn Pilger, takasangana nepomero dzakashatirwa dzokudheerera - ongororo (yakanga yarongwa) haina kumboonekwa. Apo, Muvhuro wapfuura, takadenha mupepeti weNewsnight kuti avhare kuwanikwa kwaRobert Fisk kwechidimbu chepfuti munzvimbo yemusika we-al-Shula, takasangana nemhinduro yakasiyana kwazvo. Zuva rakatevera mushumo wakadzama wakaonekwa paNewsnight neMedia Lens yakanyatso torwa (isina kuburitswa) sesosi yaive "yakaratidza kuNewsnight" kukosha kweimwe yenhamba dzesiriri pachikamu chemissile.
Patinongonyora musimba redu sevapepeti vewebhusaiti vanofambira mberi - uye kana vaverengi vedu vachinyora mavara akajeka, asinganzwisisike, ane shungu achifumura manyepo akabvumira kuti hondo irwirwe muIraq - ndiani angave asina hanya?!
Izvi 'zvingaite zvakanaka' mune yakachena chimiro uye zvinobva kune iyo chaiyo chimiro uye chinangwa cheiyo main media media. Ndiyo midhiya vhezheni yakafanana 'inogadzirisa' iyo iri kuputika nekupisa nzira yayo muIraq izvozvi, ichisiya vanhu vakafa uye vakakuvara mukumuka kwayo. Zvinoshamisa here kuti zvinobudisa nhau zvinoita basa rakanaka kudaro mukusimudzira simba rokushora? Ino inyika isina mhepo umo 'vanhu chaivo' vane simba uye vasina simba havana mhedzisiro chaiyo.
Chikamu chechipiri cheMedia Alert chichatumirwa muna Kubvumbi 2.
Kuti uwane zvimwe zvinyorwa naDavid Edward paMedia Coverage yeIraq enda kuna http://www.zmag.org/CrisesCurEvts/Iraq/david_edwards.htm
kuti uwane zvimwe zvinyorwa zveZNet panhepfenyuro yeIraq enda
http://www.zmag.org/CrisesCurEvts/Iraq/media_analysis.htm
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta