Patakagara pasi kuti titaure naGayle McLaughlin ane makore makumi matanhatu, meya weRichmond, Calif., Akanga achangopfuura nemuchamupupuri chenhau dzechirimo. Kuvandudzwa kwepolicy nemakakatanwa ezvematongerwo enyika zvakadzika McLaughlin neguta rake reEast Bay re60 peji rekutanga re The New York Times, on MSNBC naRachel Maddow naChris Hayes, zvichingodaro Dememocracy Zvino naJuan González naAmy Goodman. Kunyange Fox News nguva pfupi yadarika yakaita gakava pakati penhengo mbiri dzekanzuru yeguta reRichmond pamusoro pekukodzera kwechisungo chitsva che "kurambidza bhokisi" chapasiswa kurerutsa kupindazve kwevaimbova vasungwa munharaunda.
Kuwanikwazve kwenhau yenyika yeRichmond kwakatanga kudonha kwekupedzisira apo Times akazivisa nyika isingafungiri Guta reMcLaughlin "diki, reblue-collar rinonyanya kuzivikanwa nekunatsa kweChevron rave iro risingafungidzirwe kurwisa mubatanidzwa, kuruboshwe-bapiro rekuratidzira mumakore achangopfuura, mushure mekutora jasi kubva kunzvimbo dzakaita seBerkeley, kumaodzanyemba kwepano, kana San Francisco, mhiri. kuBay.”
Kubva 2007, Richmond yakabvumidza kuwedzera kwemutero webhizinesi uye yakakunda chirongwa chekusimudzira kasino; akapikisa Immigration & Customs Enforcement kupambwa muguta uye akagadzira kadhi ID yekanzuru kubatsira vasina magwaro; vakatsvaga mutero wakanaka wenzvimbo yeChevron uye vakamhan'arira kambani huru yemafuta pamusoro pekukuvadzwa kwakaitwa nemoto mukuru wekunatsa uye kuputika gore rapfuura; uye vakatsigira zvirongwa zve "community police" zvakaunzwa neRichmond Police Chief Chris Magnus, izvo zvakabatsira kuderedza mhirizhonga.
Muna 2012, vanofambira mberi muRichmond vakatadza kuhwina mvumo yevavhoti yemutero wepeni-per-ounce pazvinwiwa zvine shuga, chiyero chehutano hweveruzhinji chinopikiswa zvakanyanya neindasitiri yezvinwiwa. Uye sezvo Richmond rakava guta rekutanga munyika kutyisidzira kushandiswa kwe eminent domain kudzivirira kuvharirwa, mabhanga makuru akamhan’arira kumisa hurongwa uhu uye vamwe vanoisa mari vakanzvenga mabhondi ekanzuru yeguta. Varidzi vedzimba vasina dambudziko rekutenga mba vakazara nevanotumira tsamba vanopihwa mari kumabhanga vachiti midziyo yavo ichakanganiswa. Pamusangano waGumiguru 10 wakapindwa nevanhu mazana matatu, kanzuru yeguta yakavhota, nechikamu che300 kusvika ku4, kuramba kumanikidzwa uku uye kutevera chirongwa cheMcLaughlin chekurambidza kuvharwa. (Kushandiswa chaiko kwemasimba eguta ane mukurumbira kunoda mavhoti mashanu enhengo dzekanzuru.)
Nepo mhedzisiro yekurwisa kuvharirwa kusati kwasarudzwa, nzira dzemabhasikoro dzakawedzerwa, madhorobha egadheni network, zviratidziro zveveruzhinji uye hurongwa hwevashandi hwekubatana huri kubudirira. Musi waNyamavhuvhu 3, mhomho ye2,500, yakabatanidzwa naMcLaughlin, vakafora vachienda kumagedhi eChevron okunatsa mukuratidzira kukuru kwezvemamiriro ekunze munhoroondo yeRichmond.
Takabvunza McLaughlin nezvekwaakabva uye shanduko dzichangobva kuitika muguta rinozivikanwa zviri nani, munguva yakapfuura, nekuda kwezvinetso zvaro nezvinodhaka, kuparwa kwemhosva, zvikwata uye kusvibiswa kwemaindasitiri.
Wakatanga sei kupinda mune zvematongerwo enyika?
McLaughlin: Ndakaberekerwa mumhuri ine vanhu vanoshanda; baba vangu vaive muvezi wemubatanidzwa uye amai vangu vaishanda mumafekitori uye semudzimai wemba. Mazhinji ebasa randakanga ndaita ndisati ndauya kuRichmond [muna 2000] raive rezvikonzero zvaive netarisiro yenyika nekunze. Ndakabatanidzwa mubato reCentral America romubatanidzwa uye nhimbe dzokudzivisa rusaruraganda nokusarura vanhurume uye nokuda kwedzidzo nemabasa. Ndakasarudza pandakangotamira kuno kuti yakanga yava nguva yokuisa midzi pasi uye kuita basa romunzvimbomo.
Wakaita zvakawanda mumakore gumi nemaviri, kusanganisira kuhwina sarudzo nhatu dzakatevedzana (imwe yekanzuru yeguta uye mbiri dzemeya). Izvozvo zvakaitika sei?
Zvose zvakabva kumidzi. Muna 2003, vazhinji vedu takaungana kuti tiite Richmond Progressive Alliance, sangano revanhu vane masangano akasiyana siyana ezvematongerwo enyika — Democrats, Greens, Independents. Nekumhanyisa vamiriri vanofambira mberi, seni nenhengo yeKanzuru Jovanka Beckles, uye nekuita kuti vamwe vedu vasarudzwe, takatora zvematongerwo enyika muRichmond nenzira itsva uye yakasiyana. Takaita basa resarudzo iri—pasina mari yekambani—pamwe chete neboka rakasimba rinofambira mberi revarwi vakazvipira. Pamwe chete, tave simba rekurwira shanduko chaiyo yezvematongerwo enyika, magariro, uye hupfumi muguta redu.
Richmond ine rudzii rwehurumende yekanzuru?
Richmond ine kanzuru yeguta/guta maneja maitiro ehurumende. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kanzuru yeguta rose, kusanganisira meya, vanoita mutemo, asi isu tinohaya maneja ane hunyanzvi anoita sarudzo dzedu dzese dzekutonga nedzemitemo. Meya ane simba rekugadza vanhu kumakomisheni nemabhodhi, zvichibvumiranwa neruzhinji rwekanzuru, izvo zvakakosha nekuti tine izwi rebato rebudiriro rinomiririrwa kuburikidza nezvimiro izvozvo zvakare. Kuve meya nehunyanzvi harisi basa renguva yakazara, asi zvakajeka nderimwe kana iwe uchida kuzviita nemazvo. Ndinongova nevashandi vaviri venguva yakazara (uye mumwe wevaviri-vatatu) vashandi, saka ndiri kunyatsoshanda siku nesikati kuti ndive nechokwadi chekuti nharaunda inonzwisisa kuti vane meya anomira navo.
Muna 2010, Chevron yakashandisa mari yakawanda pavaitumira tsamba nekushambadza zvavaitarisira kuti zvingakunde kukwikwidza kwako kwesarudzo patsva. Gore rapfuura, vakabudirira vakapfuura makumi mashanu kusvika pa50 musarudzo dzemuno, uye vaviri vakakwikwidza muRPA vakarasikirwa nemujaho wavo wezvigaro zvekanzuru yeguta mushure mekuzorwa neBig Oil neBig Soda. Vakuru vehurumende vanofambira mberi vakaita sewe kana avo vanomhanya kumwe kunhu vanokunda sei mukana wekushandisa mari kwemakambani?
Tinozviita nokusvika, pasuo nesuo uye mumwe-on-one, kune vatinonamata navo venharaunda. Precinct kufamba ndiyo nzira yatakunda nayo mishandirapamwe yedu uye nzira yatakaramba tichivaka hwaro. Kuva nehukama chaihwo nevavakidzani vedu kunotipa mukana pane Chevron, iyo yatanga kuona kubudirira kwedu nemishandirapamwe yeimba neimba. Vatotanga kuhaya vanhu kuti vaende pasuo nesuo, nenhema uye nenhema. Asi idzi hadzisi hukama hwechokwadi hwavari kuvaka. Saka nepo Chevron iine mari yakawanda, isu tine tsika, misimboti uye kutaurirana kuri nani nevanhu.
Iwe une nharaunda yeAfrica-America, nharaunda yeLatino, uye zvino vazhinji vekuAsia vanobva kune dzimwe nyika vanogara muRichmond. Zvave kunetsa here kusvika kumatunhu akasiyana siyana muguta reruzhinji risiri revachena?
Tine vakasiyana-siyana, vanhu vanouya pamwe chete vanobva kwakasiyana tsika nemagariro. Chave chiri chiitiko chinopfumisa zvinoshamisa kwandiri kuti ndishande nezvikamu zvese zvenharaunda yedu. Ndinofunga kuti ndakahwina ese ari matatu emacampaign angu nekuti vanhu vanondiona semunhu wenguva dzose, semunhu ane hanya chaizvo. Huwandu hwevanhu veRichmond hunoita kuti kufambira mberi kwedu kuve kwakakosha asi, neshuviro, zvakare muenzaniso wekuti tingafambira mberi sei munyika yedu.
Chikamu chenharaunda yeAfrica-America iyo dzimwe nguva ichatsigira vezvematongerwo enyika, vari kutora mari kubva kuChevron uye vasingashumire zvido zvedu pamwe chete, vachiripo. Asi zviri kudzikira, uye isu tine nharaunda diki yeAfrica-America iri kusimuka ichipokana nevatungamiriri vekare.
Nharaunda yedu inosvika makumi matatu nepfumbamwe muzana yeLatino, uye vanga vakasimba zvikuru mukutsigira vanofambira mberi. Takamiririra kodzero dzevakabva kune dzimwe nyika uye takanga tiri guta rinotungamirira munharaunda yekuvandudzwa kwevanhu vanobva kune dzimwe nyika, zvisati zvasvika padanho renyika. Uye isu tine ID yekanzuru ichaburitswa munguva pfupi iri kutevera kune wese munhu, kusanganisira vanobva kune dzimwe nyika.
Zvakadini nevashandi vakarongeka-mibatanidzwa yemuno ine hukama sei neRichmond Progressive Alliance?
Mibatanidzwa yevashandi chikamu chikuru chemhinduro. Tagara tichiwana rutsigiro kubva kumubatanidzwa mukuru muno muguta, unova Service Employees International Union Local 1021. Uye tine mamwe masangano anomiririrwa muRPA steering committee.
Kune mamwe mibatanidzwa anonyanya kuchengetedza uye anotarisisa zvakanyanya, pane kutarisa mufananidzo mukuru. Chivako chinotengeserana neKanzuru [FC], semuenzaniso, yakatsigira kuvaka kasino paPoint Molate [pamhenderekedzo yeRichmond] nekuti mugadzirisi akavavimbisa marudzi ese emabasa. Zvakanaka, maonero edu aive ekuti chero chauchavaka paPoint Molate chichagadzira mabasa akawanda. Uye isu takagadzirira budiriro yakanaka, ine hutano inogonesa nharaunda yese pane kutora mukana wevarombo nekutora homwe dzavo.
Kutamiswa kwezvivakwa zveLawrence Berkeley Lab kuenda kuRichmond chaive chirongwa chatakatsigira zvakasimba. Takavaita kuti vabvume kuti guta redu raive nzvimbo yaidiwa kuti vawedzere lab yavo, uye iko zvino kuchave nekuwanda kwekutengesa kwekuvaka nemamwe mabasa ipapo. Iwoyo wanga uri mukana wekuti tibatane nekutengesa zvekuvaka, izvo zvagara zvichitsigira RPA. “
Mibatanidzwa ine basa rakasimba rekuita mukuvaka nzanga iri nani, zvakajeka, sezvinoita nharaunda. Saka kuita kuti mibatanidzwa yemunharaunda ibatane nekuedza kwenharaunda kuvaka sangano rinofambira mberi kwakakosha.
Unogona here kutsanangura chirongwa cheguta chekurwisa kuvharwa?
Richmond yaive ne900-pamwe kufungirwa gore rapfuura. Isu takatarisana nedanho rimwechete rekuvharirwa kumberi kunze kwekunge tapinda mukati, seguta, toita izvo hurumende yemubatanidzwa yanga isisade kana kukwanisa kuita uye izvo zvisingade kuitwa nemabhanga.
Pasi pechirongwa chedu chekuderedza zvikwereti, tinenge tichibatsira vanhu vari pasi pemvura—vane zvikwereti zvemba zvakapfuura kukosha kwemba yavo. Guta richatenga zvikwereti izvi nemutengo wakakodzera pamusika kubva kumabhanga uye kudzoreredza zvikwereti zvinoenderana neukoshi hwedzimba hwazvino. [Tinobva tazoisa zvikwereti zvakadzokororwa izvi, zvine muripo wakaderera wembande, mumaoko evaridzi vedu. Nenzira iyo, vanogona kuramba vachigara munharaunda yedu uye nharaunda dzedu dzicharamba dzakagadzikana. Vanogona kudzivirira kupinda mukusarudzika, kusangana nekufungirwa nekudzingwa, uye kufamba kubva pamba pavo.
Kana vanokweretesa vasingadyidzane, takataura zvakajeka kuti isu tine sarudzo yekutora zvivakwa kuburikidza neinenent domain, zvakare tichibhadhara mari yakanaka yemusika. Saka mabhanga haasi kufara zvakanyanya uye vamwe vave kutimhan’arira. Asi tiri kuenderera mberi ndofunga tichakunda mudare. Takave nemagweta akawanda akaongorora chirongwa ichi uye [vanoti] chine mutsindo zviri pamutemo. Ndinofunga kuti mabhanga anopesana neizvi nekuti vanoda kuchengetedza kutonga kwavo uye havadi kuti guta rakaita seRichmond rishandise masimba emuno.
Richmond ine vadyidzani here mukuedza uku?
Iyi ihondo uye tiri kuirwira nevashamwaridzani venharaunda, iyo Alliance yeCalifornians yeCommunity Empowerment (ACCE) uye Mortgage Resolution Partners (MRP), iyo yakazvimirira kambani yakaunza iyi pfungwa kwatiri uye ichabhadhara chero mari yemutemo yakaitwa. pedyo neguta.
Guta rine chibvumirano neMRP chekuti vachapa mari pamwe nerubatsiro rwehunyanzvi mukutenga zvikwereti izvi. Hazvizobhadharise guta reRichmond kana vateresi varo peni imwe chete. Tiri kuita izvi tichimiririra varidzi vedzimba dzedu kudzivirira nharaunda dzine njodzi.
Iyo inobatsira veruzhinji, ndosaka zita repamusoro chiri chinhu chatinonzwa zvakasimba kuti tinogona kushandisa zviri pamutemo.
Wasarirwa nemwedzi gumi nenomwe kuti uende usati wanzi meya. Chii chaunotarisira kuzadzisa muchikamu chasara chetemu yako yechipiri?
Kudzikiswa kwekuparwa kwemhosva ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvakaitwa mukuedza kwedu pamwe chete nenharaunda sezvo vanofambira mberi vakakunda. Richmond, pandakatanga kubata pano, yaive nehutsotsi hwakanyanya. Kunyangwe muna 2007, takava nemhondi makumi mana nenomwe. Gore rakapera, takanga tine 47. Ndinoda kuramba ndichideredza utsotsi nokuti zviri pachena kuti kuuraya 18 kwakawandisa.
Ndinoda kuenderera mberi nezvirongwa zvezvakatipoteredza. Takanga tiri vekutanga muBay Area ye solar yakaiswa pamunhu wese muna 2010. Tine solar installation co-op iri kuumbwa pari zvino uye mubairo wakahwina chirongwa chekudzidzisa mabasa egirinhi. Saka maco-ops evashandi ndechimwewo chiedza chandinoda kuona chichienderera mberi muguta. Ndingati kuita kuti dhorobha redu rimutsiridzwe zvakanyanya, kusimudzira hunyanzvi uye kusimudzira kudzidziswa kwemabasa zvese zvinonyanya kukosha.
Pane chaizvo zvibodzwa zvakawanda pano muRichmond: kuwana runyararo, kugadzikana kwenharaunda, hutongi hwehupfumi, uye kutora chikamu kwedemocracy-uye kujekesa kuti hatisi dhorobha rekambani. Chevron yakatonga guta iri kwemakumi emakore. Asi nekuda kwekuti makanzura emuguta apfuura akatengwa nemari yavo hazvireve kuti nharaunda inodyidzana nevamiriri vakasarudzwa vakatendeseka haikwanise kuronga nzira itsva. Uye ndizvo zvatanga tichiita.
Steve Early naSuzanne Gordon vatori venhau vakatamira kuRichmond, Calif. Parizvino vari kugadzira bhuku rine nhoroondo yeguta uye shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika ichangoburwa. Vese vari vaviri ndeveRichmond Progressive Alliance. Ivo vanogona kusvikwa pa: Lsupport aol.com.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
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