Apo mazana ezviuru yevanhu vakadirana mumigwagwa yeSan Juan, Puerto Rico, July apfuura, kwaisangova kusiya basa kwaGavhuna Ricardo Rossellรณ kwavaida. "Ricky renuncia y llรฉvate la junta," vazhinji vavo vakachema - "Ricky arega basa, uye tora junta newe." Kwemakore matatu, dare rezvematongerwo enyika reFinancial Oversight and Management Board, rinozivikanwa seJunta kana FOMB, rakaisa matanho ekuomesera vanhu vekuPuerto Rican, sezvinei mukuedza kuwana mubato pachikwereti chaikura. Kufanana nehutongi hwaRossellรณ, nhengo dzejunta nevarairidzi vaive vakazara nekupokana kwechido. Vanhu vakanga vaguta.
Rossellรณ akasiya chigaro, asi junta ichiri munzvimbo uye ichimanikidza kuranga nenzira yekucheka hutano, penjeni yeveruzhinji, uye yunivhesiti yeruzhinji. Vanhu havana kurega kurwa. Mumamanisipala akawanda muchitsuwa ichi, magungano eruzhinji achangobva kuumbwa ari kusangana vhiki nevhiki kuti vakurukure nzira yokuendesa mberi simba rekuratidzira. Mune mazhinji acho, kurwisa marongero ekugadzirisa zvikwereti zvinosanganisira kudzikisira kuderedzwa kune veruzhinji kwave kutarisisa.
Mangwanani eMugovera uchipisa zvakanyanya pakupera kwaNyamavhuvhu, vanhu vangangosvika mazana maviri vakaratidzira kugungano reruzhinji rakanangana nedambudziko rechikwereti. Vazhinji vevainge vaenda pamudyandigere ipapo vainetsekana nezve a dhiri bhodhi rakanga raita pakutanga muzhizha kuti riteme zvakanyanya se8.5 muzana yepenjeni yevanhu. Luis Josรฉ Torres Ascencio, purezidhendi weCitizen Commission for the Comprehensive Audit of Public Credit, akayeuka mashoko emumwe mushandi wehurumende akarega basa akapinda. "Ini ndakatsigira PROMESA uye fiscal control board," akadaro, achitaura nezvemutemo wakagadzira bhodhi. โNhasi ndiri kuona kuti vari kuita zvimwe chete zvataishora hurumende yedu. Saka ikozvino ndinoda kuti bhodhi riende. "
NeChipiri, Sen. Bernie Sanders, Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, uye dzimwe nhengo gumi neimwe dzeCongress vakatumira tsamba kubhodhi. "Tinobvumirana nezvinodiwa nevanhu vekuPuerto Rican vakauya mumigwagwa: Puerto Rico haifaniri kubatwa sekoloni," inodaro tsamba yacho. Vakasaina vakadaidzira kuti bhodhi "ridzore hurema hwakatemerwa Puerto Rico" uye kupa ruzivo nezve kunetsana kwechido pakati penhengo dzebhodhi, pamwe nevapi varo. Tsamba iyi inodawo kuti bhodhi ritsanangure chaizvo kuti kudzikiswa kukuru uku kuri kuita sei kuti hupfumi hwenyika husimukire.
Sezvo hwindo rakasiiwa rakavhurika kuti bhodhi rishandise dambudziko rehutongi hwechitsuwa ichi kuti riwedzere hutongi ipapo, Sanders, Ocasio-Cortez, nevamwe vanoita sevari kudzosera pfungwa yekuti nhengo dzebhodhi ndivo vane mhosva kupfuura kutonga kwaRossellรณ. "Sezvo vanhu vekuPuerto Rican vachitsvaga kumanikidza kubuda pachena uye kuzvidavirira kubva kune vanoita sarudzo, tinotenda kuti FOMB inofanirwa kuteerera runhare urwu."
"Zvatiri kuita netsamba iyi kuudza bhodhi risina kusarudzwa kuti zvakwana," Sanders, ari kukwikwidza musarudzo yemutungamiri weDemocratic Party, akadaro mukutaura kuThe Intercept. โMakore maviri pashure peHurricane Marรญa, vachiri kushanda vakabatana nevemabhizimisi vakapfuma zvikuru kuedza kusvina ropa padombo. Isu tiri kuti, rega kutaura sarudzo dzehupfumi dzePuerto Rico uye rega vanhu vasarudze ramangwana ravo. "
Sezvo Puerto Rico inoramba ichivakazve mushure mokunge Hurricane Maria yaparadza chitsuwa chacho, matanho ekurwisana kwechikwereti akakwirira. "Puertorriqueรฑos icharamba ichifa pakatarisana nedambudziko rehutano uye vamwe vari kushandisa marara ebhuruu sematenga makore maviri mushure meMaria," akadaro Ocasio-Cortez mukutaura kuThe Intercept. "Tinofanirwa kuita kuti La Junta izvidavirire - zvikasadaro magora eWall Street acharamba achiiswa pamberi pezvido zvevanhu."
Torres Ascencio akapa mhinduro yakayerwa. โIsu tinopokana nekuvepo kwefiscal control board uye isu tinopokana nePROMESA, asi kunyangwe tichifanira kubata nemasangano aya, tinotsigira hurongwa hwekongiresi kuona zvakaitwa nebhodhi,โ vakadaro.
Steep Cuts uye High Fees
Chikwereti chekugadzirisa bhodhi chakange chave kunonoka kufamba, kusanganisira nhamba yevatambi. Pachitsuwa ichi, makomisheni akagadzwa neWashington - anozivisa kuImba Natural Resources Committee - vane chirevo chekupedzisira pamusoro pehupenyu hwehupfumi pachitsuwa ichi uye vakaenda kugunwe nehurumende yenzvimbo mukusundidzira kudzika kwakadzika kune zvese kubva pamudyandigere kusvika kumuhoro wakaderera. kumabhonasi eKisimusi.
Zvichakadaro, nyaya dzekubhuroka dzakaitwa nemutemo wePROMESA, kuburikidza neChinyorwa chechitatu, dziri kuitika muSouthern District Court yeNew York, uku kubhadharwa kwechikwereti kuchiri kuripo. Kusanganisira makirasi akati wandei evakweretesi, avo vakakamhina zvakare. Kuti kune vanhu vazhinji vanobhadhara zvakare zvinoreva kuti chero kusimudzira kwehupfumi hwechitsuwa - senge yakaderera bump yakapihwa nehurumende yekudzoreredza mari uye mabasa avakagadzira mushure meHurricane Maria - anoshandiswa semachipisi muhurukuro yeChita III nevaridzi vane shungu. kukwenya zvakanyanya sezvavanogona. Panzvimbo pokubvisa mari iyoyo kuvanhu vokuPuerto Rico vachishuva mabasa nerubatsiro rwekuvakazve dzimba nezvivakwa, kupora kwaizoreva mari yakawanda inowanikwa kumagora.
Mushure mekunge kuratidzira kukuru kwadzika uye Rossellรณ adzika pasi, bhodhi rakanga razvitaura akaronga kuendesa chirongwa chitsva chekugadzirisazve mwedzi uno, kunyangwe chisati chasvika. Sezvakanyorwa netsamba yaSanders naOcasio-Cortez, hurongwa hwemari hwebhodhi huchangoburwa hunopa mazana emamiriyoni emadhora mukuderedzwa kwehutano uye dzidzo yeveruzhinji, sezvo chirimo chino chahwina kudzika kwakadzika kumapenjeni evashandi vehurumende. "Vari kuona kusimudzira kwehupfumi hwePuerto Rico kwemakore makumi mana kusvika makumi mashanu anotevera," akadaro Julio Lรณpez Varona, nhengo yedare rinotungamira reVamos40PR, akatsigira tsamba kubva kunhengo dzeCongress.
Mukuedza kutonga bhajeti rechitsuwa, bhodhi rakashanda pasi pechirevo chekuti kudzikisa mitero yemuno uye kudzoreredza kuchengetedzwa kwevashandi uye zvirongwa zvemagariro zvinogadzira mamiriro ebhizinesi anogamuchirwa kune vanoisa mari, kuwedzera kurudziro yevagari vezvitsuwa kushandira zvakachipa uye nekudaro, kuwedzera hupfumi hwenyika. . Haisi nzira isina kujairika, yakashandiswa neInternational Monetary Fund mune iyo inonzi structural adjustment packages uye Troika muGreece mushure medambudziko rechikwereti chenyika iyoyo. Asi sekutaura kunoita tsamba yebicameral, zano rave riri nani pakuendesa mari inobhadhara uye zvibvumirano kumabhanga nevarairidzi pane kupora kuPuerto Ricans, vachigara mukuderera kunorwadza kwagara kwapfuura makore gumi.
Kambani yekupa mazano yeMcKinsey & Company yakatotora madhora mamirioni makumi mashanu kubva kubhodhi, iro bhajeti rakapihwa nePuerto Ricans. "Munezvinoita senge kusaremekedza zviri pachena kupesana-kwe-chido," tsamba inotaura kuti McKinsey "ane chikwereti chePuerto Rican uye anotarisira kuita mamirioni pane chero chibvumirano chekugadzirisa zvakare kune vanoisa mari."
Magonhi anotenderera pakati peavo vanopihwa basa rekudzoreredza muchikwereti nevaya vakagadzira kana kumira kuti vawane pundutso kubva pachiri havana kusiyana muPuerto Rico. Nhengo yebhodhi Carlos M. Garcรญa, semuenzaniso, akatarisa kuburitswa kukuru kwebhondi semukuru wePuerto Rico Government Development Bank, madhiri akanyorwa nebhanga reSpain Santander kwaakashanda semukuru wepamusoro. KuWall Street kunyanya, kunyora pasi chikwereti chitsva chePuerto Rican kwakaratidza kuita pundutso.
โNhengo dzeFOMB dzinonzi dzakabatanidzwa mumasangano ehurumende akaita zvikwereti zvemabhiriyoni emadhora; vakashanda sevakuru vakuru mumabhanga aibhadhara chikwereti ichocho; uye parizvino chengetedza hukama hwemhuri kune mamwe makuru makuru emari muPuerto Rico. Pasi pemutemo wemubatanidzwa, nhengo dzebhodhi dzinofanirwa kupa kuburitswa kwemari uye kuratidza chero kupokana kwechido. Zvisinei, tinoshushikana zvikuru nekutadza kuri kuita sezviri pachena kutevedzera mutemo,โ inodaro tsamba yacho, ichitaura nezvekukundikana kwaGarcรญa kuburitsa pachena muripo webato rechitatu. "Izvi zvakafumurwa zvisina kukwana zvinoita kuti huwandu hwakazara hwekukonana kwechido husakwanise kuongorora."
Pakazosvika Gumiguru 7, Sanders, Ocasio-Cortez nevamwe vavo vakasaina, avo vanosanganisira vamiriri veDemocratic musarudzo yemutungamiri wenyika, Sen. Cory Booker naSeni Elizabeth Warren, vanodaidzira akaunzi akadzama kubva kubhodhi, kusanganisira "tsananguro yekuwedzera kwemari yakawandisa inowanikwa kune vanokwereta. zvisinei nekushaikwa kweshanduko huru mufungidziro dzehupfumi dzeFOMB,โ ongororo yezvinokonzeresa mhedzisiro yekuderedzwa kwebhajeti, uye "magwaro ese ane chekuita nehurongwa hwekubvunzana hweFOMB" nemabhanga nemakondirakiti anogona kuwana purofiti kubva mukubhadhara zvikwereti.
Vari kukumbirawo chero magwaro uye ese nezve bhodhi remukati makakatanwa emubereko uye "kuverengera kwakazara kwenhengo yega yega hunyanzvi kana hukama hwemhuri kune chero masangano uye vanhu vane chikwereti chePuerto Rico kana kuchengetedza zvibvumirano neFOMB, uye zvizere kuburitswa kwemari. yenhengo yega yega yebhodhi, kusanganisira ruzivo rwemuripo wekunze. "
Kudaidza Citizens' Audit
Iyi haisiriyo maSanders kana Ocasio Cortez yekutanga kupinda muPuerto Rico nyaya. Sanders akaunza "Marshall Planโ kuti Puerto Rico inaye. Uye Ocasio-Cortez ane akadana nokuda kwekuongorora kwakakwana uye kubviswa kwechikwereti, pamwe nekubviswa kwejunta.
Kupindira kweCongressional kwave kuchireva munguva yakapfuura. Muchando chapfuura ichi, mushure memakore ekumanikidzwa kwevaratidziri, bhodhi rakatora hafu-nhanho munzira yezvayaida, ichizivisa madhora mabhiriyoni matanhatu emabhondi zvisiri pamutemo. Asi mwedzi yakafamba pasina danho rinoenderana nekuranga mabhanga akabatanidzwa. Mushure mekunge nhengo dzeCongress dzatumira bhodhi a tsamba, akateedzana e kumatare dzakaiswa.
"Zvatakaona ndezvekuti, nekuti hurumende yemuno haina simba pamusoro pebhodhi rekutonga, zvakakosha kuti Congress ishandise kugona kwayo kuita kuti bhodhi rizvidavirire," akadaro Lรณpez Varona.
Asi hakusi kupindira chero kupi zvako kunodiwa nevanhu vari pasi. Rep. Raรบl Grijalva, sachigaro weHouse Natural Resources Committee, ichangobva kutaurwa achaita dare muna Gumiguru kuti ape mabhindauko ari kudiwa kumutemo wePROMESA. Pakati pezvikumbiro zvaari kufunga nezvekukanzurwa kwechikwereti chisina kuchengetedzwa, pamwe nekuongorora chikwereti. Ari kudaidzirawo kuti pagadzwe murongi wezvekuvakazve kuti atarisire Hurricane Maria kupora uye mari itsva yemubatanidzwa yeFOMB, iyo parizvino iri kupihwa mari nevateresi vekuPuerto Rican. Aizosanganisirawo matanho kuchengetedza mari yedzidzo, hutano, uye pamudyandigere.
โIsu tinotsigira chero kuedza nechero bato rehurumende kuita ongororo pachikwereti. Asi chirongwa chedu ongororo yevagari,โ akadaro Torres Ascenscio. "Hatisi kuzotsigira komisheni yakaumbwa nemubatanidzwa."
Lรณpez Varona zvakare akasundidzira kumashure pane zano rePROMESA nyowani. "Isu semubatanidzwa wemapoka muPuerto Rico neUS tinoramba tichipokana nePROMESA uye chero mimwe mitemo inomanikidza mubatanidzwa muPuerto Rico, nekuti haina kushanda," akadaro, achitaura nezvemubatanidzwa unosanganisira Vamos4PR, iyo Center. yeDemocracy Yakakurumbira, Boricuas Unidos en la Diรกspora, Diรกspora en Resistencia, Diรกspora en Acciรณn, uye Construyamos Otro Acuerdo. โKumukirana kwechirimo kwakaratidza kuti vanhu vanoda demokrasi; vanoda kuva chikamu chezvisarudzo zviri kuitwa.โ
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta