Kana paine anoda humwe humbowo hwekuti capitalism inouraya (uye inokanganisa nekuremadza), pamusoro pemavhoriyamu asingaperi akanyorwa achishora hurongwa, ongororo yesainzi ichangoburwa yakaburitswa mupepanhau rezvokurapa rinoremekedzwa nevezera. The Lancet inoongorora hukama huri pakati pekutengeserana nekufa mune yaimbova Soviet Union nedzimwe nyika dzeEastern Europe dzesocialist kubva muzana rapfuura. Chidzidzo chacho, chine musoro "Mass privatization uye post-communist kufa kwedambudziko: ongororo yenyika, " yakakosha nekuti, sevapepeti ve The Lancet suma:
Mushonga unobatsira unoshandura nzira yehurwere mukati memunhu mumwe chete mugumi vanhu vanoutora, kusiyana ne placebo. Zvakadiniko nokupindira kunoponesa mamiriyoni oupenyu? Kana kuti kupindira kunouraya mamiriyoni evanhu? The economic and social restructuring of
Chidzidzo ichi chinoongorora mhedzisiro yeruzhinji privatization mune yekare
Vanyori, David Stuckler kubva ku
Kukwira kwakanyanya kwehuwandu hwekufa kwevarume kwakaonekwa nenyika shanu
Vanyori hazvisi kuita nyaya yekuti privatization chete inokonzeresa kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwevanhu vanofa, kana kungopawo chete kumamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukweretesa ivo pachavo kuwedzera kwakadaro. Muchokwadi, ivo vanoratidza kuti idzo nyika dzakatora imwe nzira zvishoma nezvishoma mukuchinjira kune capitalism, apo kuwedzera kwehurovha kwakanga kusipo uye uko mari yekunze yakananga yakanga yakapararira, haina kuona kuwedzera kwekufa.
Izvi hazvireve kuti kubiridzira uye kuve muridzi wepachivande wezvivakwa zvinogadzira, kutsanangura maficha eiyo capitalist system (pamwe nemisika uye masangano emakambani), hazvibatsire kugadzira mamiriro anogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekufa. Vanyori, zvakare vachitarisa chete kune dzaimbonzi nyika dzesocialist, vanowana "kukurumidza kushambadzira kwevanhu vakawanda" kunobatanidza nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekufa kwevarume nekuda kwe zvinobvira zvinoparira zvinhu zvakadai sekushungurudzika mupfungwa, kuderera kwekuwana kurapwa, pamwe nekuderera kwehutano hwehutano, kuwedzera kwehurombo uye kushayikwa kwemabasa, kurasikirwa kwehupfumi hwemagariro evanhu, kusarongeka kwevanhu, uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwedoro. Zvinhu zvakadaro hazvina kungotambudza dzaichimbova dzinonzi nyika dzesosharisiti dzezana ramakore rapfuura, pamberi pechinjo yadzo kuenda kucapitalism, asiwo zvinotambudza chaizvoizvo nyika dzecapitalist dziripo kwose kwose nhasi.
Izvo zvakakosha zvakawanikwa pachidzidzo ndeizvi:
Zvirongwa zvehupfumi zvehupfumi zvakabatanidzwa nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwenguva pfupi yekufa kwevarume vakuru ve12 ยท 8% (95% CI 7 ยท 9-17 ยท 7; p <0 ยท 0001), nemigumisiro yakafanana kune dzimwe nzira dzekutengesa kubva kune European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (7 ยท 8% [95% CI 2 ยท 8โ13 ยท 0]). Imwe nzira yekuyananisa inogona kunge iri yekushaya mabasa kwevarume, iyo yakawedzerwa zvakanyanya neruzhinji privatization (56 ยท 3% [28 ยท โโ3โ84 ยท 3]; p <0 ยท 0001). Imwe neimwe ye1% kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu vaive nhengo dzesangano rimwe chete remagariro rakaderedza kushamwaridzana kweprivatiation nekufa ne0 ยท 27%; apo vanopfuura 45% yevanhu vaiva nhengo yesangano rimwe chete rezvemagariro evanhu, privatization yakanga isisabatanidzwa zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekufa (3 ยท 4% [95% CI -5 ยท 4 ku12 ยท 3]; p = 0 ยท44).
Vachidudzira zvakawanikwa izvi vanyori vanopa zano rekuti "Kukurumidzira kweruzhinji privatization senzira yekuchinja kwehupfumi yaive yakakosha mhedzisiro yekusiyana kwekufa kwevanhu vakuru munyika dzepashure-komunisiti; mhedzisiro yeprivatization yakaderedzwa kana hupfumi hwevanhu hwakakwira. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvingave zvakakosha kune dzimwe nyika umo mitemo yakafanana iri kutariswa."
Chekutanga, pane kushandisa kwevanyori kuda kuziva kwemutsara wekuti "economic transition strategy" iyo inoreva pano, kunyangwe vanyori vakaishandisa nechinangwa kana kwete, kuti pakanga paine chirongwa chehupfumi chinoziva chekubva kune imwe hurongwa hwehupfumi (pakati kuronga) kuenda kune imwe ( capitalism). Sei iyo yaimbove yesocialist block yaizoenda nekuziva kune capitalism? Yaive sarudzo yedemocracy yaidiwa neruzhinji rwevanhu
Chinofadzawo ndechekupedzisira kuwanikwa pamusoro, "apo vanopfuura 45% yevagari vaive nhengo yerimwe sangano remagariro evanhu, privatization yakanga isingachanyanyi kubatanidzwa nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwevanhu vanofa," zvichiratidza kuti hukuru hwesangano renharaunda, kubatana, uye zvichida kunyange kutora chikamu uye kuva nhengo musocial sangano ("social capital") zvinonyanya kuderedza kusakuvara kwehutano munzvimbo dzekusaenzana kwemapoka, zvisinei, kwete zvachose, kana kure kure zvakakwana kufuratira kusawirirana kwekirasi muhupfumi, simba, uye rombo. Zvakawanikwa muongororo iyi zvinoratidza kuti kutora chikamu kwenharaunda kwakawanda kunogona kupikisa kugadzirwazve kwekusiyana kwemhando kunoenderana nemhedzisiro yakaipa (panyaya iyi yakawedzera kufa kwevanhu kune chekuita nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda) muchikamu chehupfumi, pamwero wakati. Izvi zvinoreva here kuti 100% kutonga kwenharaunda pamusoro pemagariro ezvematongerwo enyika uye ehupfumi masangano anogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwehupenyu? Zvechokwadi igakava rakaitwa nevanopikisa capitalist.
Pamusoro pezvo, vatsoropodzi vecapitalism uye nehutongi hwehudzvanyiriri vanogona kuratidza mhedzisiro yekukwikwidza kwemusika panhengo yenharaunda uye kutora chikamu uko maitiro ekutengeserana kwesimba mukutengeserana kwemusika achifarira kushandiswa kwega kwega kwezvinhu nemasevhisi pamusoro peveruzhinji anobvisa kukurudzira kuzvibata nenzira dzakabatana dzinosimudzira nharaundaโ inodiwa pre-condition yekubatanidzwa pamwe chete uye kuvaka "social capital." Vatsoropodzi vangaratidzawo kuti kana hupfumi hwakarongwa nechepakati kana musika capitalist vanhu havana sarudzo yekuita sarudzo pamusoro pehupenyu hwavo. Kunze kwekunge munhu akaiswa mukati mechikamu chepamusoro che20% cheupfumi nesimba, sarudzo dzekuti munhu anogara kupi, anoshanda, uye zvaanogadzira kana kushandisaโzvaanozogarisana nazvo uye zvaanodaโzvinotemerwa nezvimiro nemasimba asiri iwo. Kubviswa kwakadaro kubva kune simba pamusoro pehupenyu hwedu uye zvinhu zvinotibata, zvingave kubva mukusarura, kusarurana kwepabonde, zera, kana classism - kuunganidza uye kudzvinyirira kwakazara kunotambudza nguva imwe neimwe yehupenyu hwezuva nezuva - kunogona kuguma nyore nyore "kushungurudzika mupfungwa," kudhakwa, uye hunhu hwakanyanya hunopesana nemagariro evanhu sezvavanoita kubva kuhupfumi, hurombo, uye kurasikirwa nemabasa - izvo vanyori veongororo vanocherechedza sevanogona kupa kune yavanoti "dambudziko rekufa."
Mhedziso yatinofanira kutora, hongu, iko kudikanwa kwekuona nzanga itsva isina kirasi uye inobatanidzwa; mhedzisiro yekurwira kushandurwa kwehuwandu hwehukama hwemagariro uye hwenyama uye nekuenderera mberi kwekuzvitonga, kubatana, kuenzana, uye kusiyana-siyana uko masangano ezvematongerwo enyika uye ehupfumi ari pasi pekutonga kwakazara kwevanhu.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta