Mark Weisbrot
fanira
nyika dzine kodzero yekudzika mitemo yehutano nekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu icho
vagari vawo vanodya here? Vanofanirwa kubvumidzwa kusabatanidza chikafu chinogadzirwa kunze kwenyika
izvo zvisingaenderane nemitemo yenyika? Kana kuti mibvunzo iyi inofanira kusarudzwa na
World Trade Organization?
se
izvo kana kwete, nyaya idzi dziri kutongwa izvozvi. Mune ichangoburwa kutengeserana gakava
pakati pevadyidzani vakuru vepasirese vepasirese, hurumende yedu yakaisa
svondo rapfuura zvirango zvakatemerwa mari inosvika mamiriyoni zana negumi nenomwe emadhora pazvinhu zvemuEurope. Chinangwa
zvezvirango ndezvekumanikidza vanhu vekuEurope kuti vatengese nyama yemombe yekuAmerica
yakasimudzwa nekukura kwehomoni.
Kazhinji
iyi sarudzo yekuisa zana muzana mutero paFrench truffles, foie gras, uye
zvimwe zvinonaka izvo vazhinji vedu tisina kumboravira zvingakanganisa zvedu
zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana kwenyika dzakawanda. Asi munyaya iyi US ine tsigiro ye
World Trade Organisation, sangano renyika 134 rakagadzirwa makore mana apfuura kuti
kutaurirana uye kutonga kutengeserana kwenyika. WTO yakatonga kuti kurambidzwa kweEurope
Nyama yemombe yakabatwa nehomoni haisi pamutemo, uye yakabvumidza US kumanikidza kutsiva
zvirango zvekutengeserana zvinopesana neEuropean Union.
funga
nharo: vaEurope havatenderi nyama yemombe inobatwa nekukura
mahormone anotengeswa mumisika yavo, zvisinei nekuti anogadzirwa kupi. Ivo
usangofunga kuti zvese zvakachengeteka kudya. Asi nyama yemombe zhinji yekuUS inorapwa
nemahomoni aya. Saka hurumende yedu, pakukumbira kweindasitiri yemombe,
vakamhan'ara kuWTO, vachipokana kuti kurambidzwa uku kwaive kurambidzwa zvisina kunaka
kushambadzira.
The
mitemo yeWTO inotaura kuti chero hutano kana chiyero chezvakatipoteredza chinokanganisa
kutengeserana kunofanirwa kutsigirwa nehumbowo hwesainzi. Saka WTO yakagadza a
dare revatongi vatatu, iro rakasarudza muna March 1997 kuti pakanga pasina kukwana
humbowo hwesainzi hwekururamisa kurambidzwa kweEurope kwenyama yemombe inobatwa nehomoni.
Piri
mwedzi yapfuura boka rakazvimirira resainzi, rakapihwa neEuropean
Komisheni yekufunga nezvemibvunzo iyi, yakasvika pamhedzisiro yakasiyana. Ivo
akawana kuti rimwe remahomoni matanhatu anowanikwa munyama yemombe "yakakwana
carcinogen." Kune vamwe vashanu, vakagumisa kuti kumwe kudzidza kwaizova
inodiwa- kunyangwe chero munhu anoverenga mushumo wemapeji 142 pasina mubvunzo angashamisika
sei tichibvumira mishonga iyi kuti iiswe muzvipfuyo zvedu kuUnited
Nyika.
We
zvimwe hazvingadaro- kunyanya kudyiwa nevaya vanonyanya kubatwa ne
zvinokonzerwa nemahomoni, akadai sevana nevakadzi vane pamuviri- kana vanhu vakawanda
vainyatsoziva zvavaidya. Asi hapana kunyoreswa kunodiwa kwe
izvi zvimwe zvinongedzo muhamburger yako.
Zvisinei
nezvekuti munhu anoongorora sei humbowo hwesainzi, veEurope havafanirwe kubvumidzwa
kukanganisa kudivi rekuchenjerera kana vakasarudza kudaro? Vanhu vazhinji vangati hungu. Izvi
nyaya inonyanya kunetsa nekuti munhu wese anobvuma kuti mutemo unopikisa
Hormone-treated beef yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza vatengi veEurope, kwete yayo
indasitiri yemombe dzemumba. Uye mutemo unoshanda pasina rusarura kune vese vari vaviri
vagadziri vemuno nevekunze. Zvakadaro WTO inosimbirira kuti isingaverengeki,
dare revatongi vatatu, kusangana muchivande, rinogona kupidigura mutemo weEurope- zviri nyore
nekuti ine zvinokanganisa kutengeserana.
Zvakajeka
muswe (kutengeserana) ari kuzunungusa imbwa pano, uye izvi ndizvo chaizvo
zvakatipoteredza, vatengi, uye mapoka evashandi akanyevera kuti zvichaitika kana WTO yave
yakagadzirwa makore mana apfuura. Kana chero munhu weAmerica anofunga kuti iyi iEurope chete
dambudziko, ivo vanofanirwa kutarisa mashoma akakosha sarudzo dzeWTO mune vaviri vekupedzisira
makore akatipikisa. Muna 1997 US Environmental Protection
Agency yakanetesa mirau yayo pane zvinosvibisa mupeturu inotengwa kunze kwenyika, kuitira
kutevedzera mutongo weWTO wakaona mitemo iyi sekutengesa kusina kunaka
chipingamupinyi. Iko kuisirwa kweEndangered Species Act yedu- kunyanya, iyo
kuchengetedzwa kwekamba dzemugungwa- kwakakanganiswawo nemitongo ichangoburwa yeWTO.
From
maonero emabhizimisi makuru, uye kunyanya makuru emarudzi akawanda
makambani, izvi hazvisi kukanganisa zviitiko. Kwavari ndezvemuzvarirwo chete
kuona vanhu nenharaunda yedu sezvishandiso zvekuwedzera pasi rose
kutengeserana nekutengeserana. Ivo vakasununguka kwazvo kuita sarudzo idzi
nedare resangano repasi rose kwavanogona kuva ne
pesvedzero huru- isina kubatwa nekongiresi, paramende, kana imwewo
vatungamiri vakasarudzwa vanogona kuve nehanya nezvinofungwa nevagari vemo.
The
WTO chisikwa chavo, uye saka zvave zvakanaka kuenderana mukutora rutivi
zvebhizimisi zvinopesana nekodzero dzevagari vemunyika nenharaunda yakakura. Kupokana
pamusoro penyama yemombe yakarapwa mahormone nderimwe denderedzwa rehondo inoenderera mberi yekusimbisa izvi
kodzero. Haisi kuzova yekupedzisira.
maka
Weisbrot ndiye director director paPreamble Center, muWashington, DC
Preamble Center
1737 21st Street NW
Washington DC 20009
(202) 265-3263, kunze. 279
www.preamble.org/
www.preamble.org