Nyika yakatarisana mazinga asina kumboitika enzara ari kukura zuva rega rega nekuwedzera kwemutengo wekudya kunokonzerwa nehondo yeUkraine. Russia neUkraine zvinowanzoita 28% yenyika exports yegorosi, ichipa zvakawanda zvezvokudya zvikuru munyika dzakawanda dzichiri kusimukira. Mitengo yezvokudya zvepasi rose kumusoro 23% pamusoro pegore rapfuura, uye yakarova rekodhi yakakwira munaKurume.
Pamusangano weWorld Economic Forum muna Chivabvu, mukuru wesangano reWorld Food Programme, VaDavid Beasley, vakayambira kuti vanhu vakatarisana nenzara. simuka kubva pamamiriyoni zana nemakumi matatu nemashanu kusvika pamamiriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi manomwe nematanhatu nedenda reCOVID; uye yaifungidzirwa kusvika 135 miriyoni (iye zvino mamiriyoni 345).
Pane nzira yekuunza rubatsiro rwemazana emabhiriyoni emadhora kunyika dzichiri kusimukira uko kunogara vanhu vanonyanya kuda rubatsiro. Zvinoshamisa, rubatsiro urwu rune zero mutengo kuhurumende yeUS. Yakagoverwa gore rakapera, uye zvichida yakaponesa mazana ezviuru zvehupenyu. Uye hurumende yeUS ndiyo inonyanya kusarudza kuti zvichaitika zvakare. Asi vazhinji vekuAmerica havasati vanzwa nezvazvo.
Kodzero dzakakosha dzekudhirowa
Rubatsiro urwu rwunobva kuInternational Monetary Fund. IMF haisi bhanga guru seFederal Reserve, saka haigoni kugadzira mari. Asi inogadzira yayo yepasirese reserve asset inonzi special drawing right (SDR). Pasi pemitemo yeIMF, nyika iri nhengo inoda mari yakaoma — kazhinji madhora — inogona kuchinjana maSDR ayo nemari nedzimwe nyika dziri nhengo dzeIMF.
Rimwe gore rapfuura, IMF yakagadzira mabhiriyoni mazana matanhatu nemakumi mashanu emadhora eSDRs ndokugovera aya kunyika dziri nhengo dzayo. Haisi chikwereti, uye hapana mamiriro akabatanidzwa pairi. Dzimwe nyika dzichiri kusimukira kuchinjaniswa SDRs inosvika $17 bhiriyoni yemari yakaoma. Vamwe vakashandisa SDRs kubhadhara mabhiriyoni emadhora echikwereti chakakweretwa kuIMF, icho chinotenderwa zvakare.
Uye hechino chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa pamusoro pehuwandu hweSDRs dzisina kushandurwa kuita mari yakaoma, asi kungogara munzvimbo dzepasi rose kumabhanga epakati penyika dzichiri kusimukira: vanoshandawo mamwe mashiripiti anoponesa hupfumi uye hupenyu panguva yekuderera kwehupfumi hwenyika.
Sezvo maSDR achishandurwa kuita madhora, akafanana nekubata mvura, yakachengeteka asset seUS Treasury bond. Saka, vanobatsira kudzivirira matambudziko ekubhadhara, pamwe nematambudziko emari kana echikwereti anogona kuitika kana nyika dzikaderera zvakanyanya pane zvakachengetwa. Izvi zvine simba rakanyanya kudzikamisa nyika dzichiri kusimukira dzingangopinda mudambudziko panguva yakadai. Mari yakawedzerwa inobvumirawo nyika kukwereta nemitengo yakaderera.
Mutemo weimba
Imba yeVamiriri veUS yakatopasa mutemo unodaidzira katatu maSDR akawanda sezvaakapihwa gore rapfuura; asi maRepublicans akazvivharira mudare reSeneti. Zvisinei, Treasury Department, iyo inomiririra Washington kuIMF, inogona kusarudza pasina Congress kuti itsigire kugoverwa kutsva kweSDRs paIMF inenge madhora mazana matanhatu nemakumi mashanu emadhora, sezvayakaita gore rakapera; uye zvaizoitika pakarepo.
Hapana anobva kuPfuma, kana kumwewo muhutongi hweBiden, akaita nharo dzehupfumi dzekuti pane kudzoserwa-kana njodzi yakadzika-kumwe kugovaniswa kwehukuru hwakafanana. Uye zvakare: zero mutengo kubhajeti reUS, ingave iripo, kana mune ramangwana.
Hupfumi hwenyika hwakadzikira zvakanyanya kubva gore rapfuura, uye mabhanga mazhinji epakati ari kutevera Fed uye kukwidza mitengo yemubereko, zvichiwedzera kuderera kwehupfumi. Bhanga reWorld Bank rakacheka fungidziro yaro yekukura kwehupfumi hwenyika gore rino nepakati, uye akanyeverwa kuti kuomesa mamiriro emari “kunogona kusundira nyika murudzi rwedambudziko rechikwereti ratakaona muma1980.” IMF yakazivisa nguva pfupi yadarika kuti ichadzikisawo fungidziro yayo yekukura kwepasi kechitatu gore rino. Kristalina Georgieva, maneja weIMF, ane akati kuti haakwanisi kubvisa kuderera kwehupfumi hwenyika.
Aya ndiwo chaiwo mamiriro ezvinhu akagadzirirwa kuburitswa kweIMF reserves assets, kudzivirira imwe mari yevanhu kubva mukukuvadzwa kwehupfumi kunodzivirirwa.
Rubatsiro rweUkraine
Hutongi hweBiden hwakaramba huchisimbisa rutsigiro rwayo kuvanhu veUkraine, avo hupfumi hwavo hwakakuvara zvakanyanya kubva pakatanga hondo. Asi mari huru yerubatsiro rwehupfumi hweUS rwakapihwa kuUkraine yanga iri mabhiriyoni manomwe nemazana mashanu emadhora zvaisanganisira mubhiri rakapasiswa neCongress muna Chivabvu. Kuburitswa kutsva kweSDR kwaizopa madhora 2.75 bhiriyoni kuUkraine, kuwedzera kukuru-uye nekukurumidza, pasina chikwereti kana mamiriro.
Ndizvo zvakawanikwa neUkraine gore rapfuura-asi hazvishamise kuti vakapfuura neiyo $2.75 bhiriyoni, uye. vakabvunza zvimwe.
Vanopfuura gumi nevaviri maseneta, kusanganisira Elizabeth Warren, naSherrod Brown - sachigaro weSeneti Banking Committee - vakwidza kuMutungamiri Joe Biden uye kuMunyori wePfuma Janet Yellen kuti vatore danho iri riri nyore rekutsigira kugoverwa kutsva kweSDRs. Uye ruzhinji rweImba yeVamiriri vatove muchikepe.
Treasury inofanira kuita izvi iko zvino isati yanyanya kunonoka. Ndizvo zvinodiwa nenyika, uye zvinoda zvikuru kuti vaite.
ZNetwork inopihwa mari chete kuburikidza nerupo rwevaverengi vayo.
dhoneta