Kuyang'ana pa mpweya ndi kuthokoza, buku laposachedwa kwambiri la Dahr Jamail, “Mapeto a Ice: Kuchitira Umboni ndi Kupeza Tanthauzo Pakusokonekera kwa Nyengo,” limagwirizanitsa zowunikira komanso zofunsana ndi akatswiri odziwa zanyengo. Madzi oundana omwe akusefukira mofulumira kwambiri ku Denali National Park, komwe kuli nsonga zazitali kwambiri ku North America, ndi amene analimbikitsa mutu wa bukuli. Jamail alemba:
Ndi nthano zofotokozera momveka bwino, Jamail amakankhira kumpoto ku Arctic Circle komwe kutentha kukuchitika mwachangu. Amawunika kusintha kofulumira kwa zilumba za Pribilof, komwe madera akumidzi adakumana ndi kufa komwe kumakhudza mbalame za m'nyanja, zisindikizo za ubweya, nsomba, ndi zina zambiri - kugwa kwa chakudya. Nkhaniyi ikupitirirabe mu Great Barrier Reef, yosakazidwa kotheratu ndi nyanja yofunda. South Florida sizikuyenda bwino: Jamail apeza kuti maekala 2.46 miliyoni am'boma amizidwa m'moyo wake. Akatswiri amadabwa kulikonse komwe Jamail amayendera. Ku Amazon, komwe kuli zamoyo zosiyanasiyana, zotsatira zake zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri.
Pofotokoza mmene dziko lilili panopa, Jamail akulifanizira ndi munthu wina amene ali m’chipatala. Kutentha kwapadziko lonse lapansi kuli kale digirii 1 Celsius kuposa momwe tinkapangira mafakitale. Osati theka lazaka zapitazo, wasayansi wamkulu wa nyengo James Hansen anachenjezedwa kuti digiri imodzi yokha ingabweretse vuto la kukwera kwa nyanja, kusungunuka kwa madzi oundana a ku Arctic, ndi nyengo yoipa. Anatsimikiza kuti cholinga chochepetsa kutentha kwa dziko kukhala madigiri a 2 okha chinali "choopsa kwambiri." Kusungunuka kwachangu ku Arctic kukupitilizabe kupitirira maulosi osamala. Jamail akutikumbutsa kuti “pamene kutentha kwa dziko kukuchulukirachulukira, momwemonso kuneneratu za kutentha kukuwonjezereka. Bungwe la Conservative International Energy Agency laneneratu kuti lidzakhala loipitsitsa kwambiri la kuwonjezeka kwa 3.5°C pofika 2035.
Zochepa zathandiza kuti zilimbikitse kuchitapo kanthu. Mwina palibe chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri chonyalanyazidwa ndi sayansi yanyengo kuposa wokana kusintha kwanyengo kusankhidwa kukhala purezidenti wa United States.
Chiwopsezo cha kubwera kwa biosphere apocalypse ndizovuta kwambiri, zochititsa mantha, ndipo vuto la chilengedwe chonse, lachuma, ndi lauzimu limasiya munthu kukhala wopanda chochita komanso wachisoni. “Mapeto a Aisi” akutenga kulemera kokwanira kwa tsoka lomwe lili pafupi. Jamail amanyamula zowawa za owerenga pofotokoza zake zake.
"Kuyesa kwa capitalist padziko lonse lapansi, kuyesa uku kwakukula kwa mafakitale ndi kuwotcha mafuta amafuta ndizovuta kwambiri," a Jamail adauza The Intercept. Amakhulupirira kuti ndi nthawi yoti ayambe kusintha. Tiyenera kuchita ngati vuto la nyengo lafika ndipo, makamaka, kulumikizananso ndi dziko lapansi. Jamail adalankhula ndi The Intercept za buku lake laposachedwa komanso kuthana ndi chisoni chofotokoza kuyambira kutsogolo kwankhondo ku Iraq kupita kutsogolo kwa kusokonekera kwanyengo. Mafunso otsatirawa akonzedwa kuti amveke bwino.
Dahr Jamail amawerenga gawo la buku lake "The End of Ice" pa Intercepted Podcast kuyambira 54:57.
Bukhu lanulo linandichititsa khungu m’njira imene sindinkayembekezera. Ndinkaganiza kuti idzakhala ntchito ina yowuma, yovuta kuwerenga, yowerengeka-yolemetsa, koma m'malo mwake mudandiuza nkhani zomwe zinali zolemera kwambiri ndi zochitika zenizeni komanso zokhudzidwa mtima ndikukambirana za momwe mukumvera pamene mukufotokoza zonsezi. Chifukwa chake ingondiuzani za njira yolembera komanso momwe mudamvera pa zokambiranazi ndi asayansi ndi ofufuza onsewa.
Kutuluka ndikupita kumalo awa akutsogolo monga Great Barrier Reef kapena Denali kapena St. Paul Island ku Pribilof, Everglades ku South Florida, malo omwe anali kugunda kwambiri, mofulumira kwambiri - ndinadziwa kuti ndidzakhala ndi kukhudzidwa kwambiri kwamunthu komanso kwamalingaliro kwa izo. Ndipo kotero malo onsewa ngati Great Barrier Reef ndi Denali ndi ena angapo omwe ndili ndi maubwenzi apamtima anthawi yayitali, ndimawona pakapita nthawi. Anthu ambiri sapita kumadera ambiri awa. Kotero chinalidi kuyesayesa kwanga kupita kukayesa kubweretsa izo kwa iwo kupyolera mu kulemba kwanga bwino lomwe ndikanatha.
Ndinatuluka ndipo ndinali wodabwa, wodabwa kwambiri ndi ukulu wa malo awa, kupeza mphindi izi: Tawonani dziko lodabwitsali. Yang'anani pamadzi oundana awa pa Denali. Onani nsombazi pa Great Barrier Reef. Ndiyeno panthawi imodzimodziyo, kusweka mtima kwa kubwerera ku chisanu ndi madzi oundana kwapita kumene ndikumva nkhonya ya m'matumbo.
Ndi momwe zimamvekera. Kapena kubwerera ku Great Barrier Reef: Ndi Malo Olowa Padziko Lonse. Ndi chodabwitsa ichi cha chilengedwe. Ndipo kuyandama m'malo omwe zonse zomwe mukutha kuziwona ndizoyera komanso kudziwa zambiri zomwe zidzafa ndikukhala chete, zopanda moyo wa nsomba, ndikumva zimenezo. Chifukwa chake chinali chochitika chanthawi imodzi chodabwitsa ndi kuthokoza dziko lino komanso kusweka mtima pa zomwe zikuchitika padzikoli.
Fotokozani mawu omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito ponena za kusintha kwa nyengo, komwe poyamba kunali “kutentha kwa dziko”; mukuchitcha "kusokonezeka kwanyengo kwa anthropogenic." Ndiye n'chifukwa chiyani mukusiyanitsa zimenezo?
Ndimagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "kusokonezeka kwanyengo kwa anthu kapena anthropogenic" m'malo mosintha nyengo kapena kutentha kwa dziko pazifukwa zingapo. Choyambirira komanso chofunikira kwambiri ndichakuti, ndicholondola kwambiri mwasayansi chifukwa popanga geoengineering nyengo, zomwe ndizomwe tachita pobaya mpweya wambiri wa CO2 mumlengalenga, tasokoneza nyengo. Ndipo chifukwa china ndichakuti panali mphamvu yamafuta amafuta pakusintha kwanyengo zaka makumi angapo zapitazo kuti izi zikhale mawu ofotokozera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: "kusintha" chifukwa sizowopsa monga zovuta zanyengo kapena kusokonezeka kwanyengo kapena ngozi yanyengo.
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe mumalankhula kwambiri m'bukuli ndi kusagwirizana komwe ife monga mtundu wa anthu tili nako kuchokera ku dziko lapansi panthawiyi.
Chabwino, ndi Western atsamunda gulu. Zimatiphunzitsa kuti tisakhale olumikizidwa ndi dziko lapansi. Sikutipangitsa kuti tipite ndikukhala mu ubale ndi Dziko lapansi. Sitiyenera kupita kumtsinje kukatunga madzi. Sitiyenera kupita kukasaka kapena kulima chakudya ngati sitikufuna. Ndizosiyana ndi moyo wamba, mwamwambo. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikukhulupirira kuti chifukwa chachikulu cha kusokonezeka kwa nyengo ndi kusagwirizana kwathu kwachilengedwe padziko lapansi. “Athu” pokhala a ife amoyo, ambiri a ife tikukhala m’chitaganya chandandandanda cha Kumadzulo. Ndipo yankho ndiloyamba, tiyenera kuyamba ndikulumikizanso. Ndipo ndikuganiza kuti ndichifukwa chake sitiwona kusokonezeka kwanyengo pamitu yankhani pafupipafupi chifukwa ambirife tikukhala m'mizinda ikuluikulu, tikumapeza chakudya m'masitolo ogulitsa; madzi athu, tsegulani mpopi. Ndiwo madzi anu.
Titha kunyalanyaza kapena kunamizira kunyalanyaza ndipo osaona ngati izi zikutikhudza mwachindunji. Ndipo kwa ambiri a ife omwe tikukhalabe mu kuwiraku, tikhozabe kuthawa. Ndikuganiza kuti izi zikusintha pamaso pathu, koma ndikuganiza kuti ndiye gwero lazovutazi - ndikulekanitsa uku. Chifukwa tikadakhala kuti tikukhala pafupi ndi dziko lapansi, monga momwe anthu amachitira kwa zaka masauzande ndi masauzande, mumadziwa bwino nyengo. Ndipo pamene mvula ibwera ndi pamene chilala chimabwera ndikutha kuwerenga zinthu monga choncho ndikuyang'ana zomwe nyama zimachita ndikupanga zisankho zochokera pa izo - mudzasamalira bwino kwambiri malo omwe mumakhala, ngati tikukhala moyandikira kwambiri kwa izo. Ndipo mwachiwonekere inu simutenga bwino kusamalira izo ngati inu kwathunthu olumikizidwa kwa izo.
Chifukwa chake kuti ndibwererenso ku bukhu loyamba lomwe mudalemba za malipoti akutsogolo ku Iraq mpaka pano m'bukhu ili lofotokoza zakusintha kwanyengo: Iyi ndi mitu yovuta kwambiri kukhala nayo ndikuthana nayo kwa nthawi yayitali.
Zowawa ngati kunena za Iraq zinali kwa ine, pandekha - nkhondo ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri kukhala nacho ndikudziwa momwe mungalimbanirane ndi PTSD ndi zonsezi zomwe zimabwera nazo. Ndipo ndicho chinachake ndiye chimene ine ndimakhala nacho kwa moyo wanga wonse ndipo aliyense amene wakhala ali mu nkhondo amatero. Izo sizimachoka konse; mumangophunzira kukhala nazo.
Koma vuto la nyengo ndi bukuli lakhala lozama kwambiri chifukwa nthawi zambiri limamenya nkhondo kapena kuthawa, mwachitsanzo, "O Mulungu wanga, tikutaya 2.4 peresenti ya tizilombo, 2.4 peresenti ya tizilombo. biomass ya dziko lapansi chaka chilichonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti panjira yapano iyi, poganiza kuti sizikuthamanga, zikutanthauza kuti palibenso tizilombo mkati mwa zaka zana. Kulibenso tizilombo kumatanthauza kuti kulibenso anthu.” Ndipo kotero kumverera uko komwe kumabwera podziwa kuti pali mantha. Pali mantha. Pali ndewu kapena kuthawa. Ndipita kuti? Sindingapite kulikonse. Ili ndi dziko lathu lokhalo ndipo malingaliro onsewo ndi chisoni chomwe chimabwera, mudzathana nazo.
Ndipo ngati izi ndi zomwe zikuchitika ku dziko lathu lapansi, ndiye kuti padzakhala kuvina kosalekeza kwachisoni komwe kumabwera chifukwa chachisoni, kukwiyira anthu omwe ali ndi udindo, mtundu uwu wa schizophrenia wamkati wa, "Inde, ndikuyendetsabe. , ndipo ndimaulukabe, komabe ndikulemba bukuli lonena za vuto la nyengo.” Tonsefe tikukhala m'chitukuko cha Kumadzulo ichi, ndiko kuvina komwe tonse timayamba kulimbana nako tsiku ndi tsiku ngati tiyamba kuseka maganizo athu.
Chifukwa chake ndikufuna kulowa mwatsatanetsatane m'machaputala osiyanasiyana m'bukuli. Kodi mungandilankhuleko pang'ono za kusungunuka kwa madzi oundana kumadera a ku Arctic komwe munalimo ndi tsogolo lotani lomwe tikuyang'ana mu chilengedwechi?
Tikayang'ana zomwe zikuchitika ku madzi oundana padziko lonse lapansi pamene dziko likutentha kwambiri, ndiye kuti madzi oundana akuchepa kwambiri. Ndipo chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe ndidachita ndikuti, ndidapita ku Gulkana Glacier ku Alaska osiyanasiyana ndi gulu la US Geological Survey lomwe limachita kafukufuku wapachaka. Iwo amapita pa ayezi ndi kukumba maenje ndi kuyeza ndi kubzala mitengo ndikugwiritsa ntchito radar ndi kuyeza kuchuluka kwa ayezi akutayika pachaka. Pali zingapo mwa izi kuzungulira North America zomwe amaziyeza ndipo, mwanjira imeneyo, zimakhala ndi mbiri yolondola kwambiri, yowerengera, kuchuluka kwa ayezi komwe kumatayika pakapita nthawi.
Kwenikweni, zomwe tikudziwa ndikuti madzi oundana ali panjira, mwachitsanzo, mu 48 yolumikizana ikunena kuti pamayendedwe aposachedwa komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya, ngati izi zipitilira, sipadzakhalanso madzi oundana kulikonse komwe kutsalira m'maiko ozungulira 48 pofika 2100. adapita kumunda ku Glacier National Park ndi Dr. Dan Fagre, ndipo adandiuza kuti Glacier National Park sikhala ndi madzi oundana ogwira ntchito pofika chaka cha 2030. Chifukwa chake padutsa zaka 11 kuchokera pano.
Ndiyeno ngati tiyang'ana kunja kwa Hindu Kush dera la Himalaya komwe kuli madzi oundana kwambiri: Pali malo oundana oundana. Mitsinje 2100 mwa mitsinje ikuluikulu ya ku Asia ili komweko. Madzi oundana amenewo ali m’mphepete mwa njira yoti achoke, mwinanso kotheratu, pofika chaka cha 1.5. Pamenepa, anthu XNUMX biliyoni omwe amapeza madzi awo akumwa ndi ulimi m’madziwo, amapita kuti? Kodi iwo amachita chiyani? Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani kumadera omwe amasamuka chifukwa adzayenera kusamuka? Sitingakhale kumalo komwe kulibe madzi amchere ndi madzi othirira mbewu. Choncho pamene madzi oundana achoka, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kwa anthu. Ndipo anthu ambiri saganizira izi.
Kodi mungandiuze za ulendo wanu wopita ku Great Barrier Reef ndi zomwe mudawona kumeneko? Pali zonena za zochitika zam'mphepete mwa nyanja za coral polankhula za kusintha kwa nyengo chifukwa ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe anthu amatha kulumikizana nazo motengera malingaliro. Anthu amadana ndi kuona zinthu zokongola zikuwonongedwa. Sitimakonda kwenikweni. Chifukwa chake monga munthu wowoneka bwino, ndikuganiza kuti iyi ndi njira yosangalatsa yofikira kusintha kwanyengo: Onetsani anthu matanthwe a coral ndi zomwe tikutaya.
Pachiwopsezo chomvekera ngati cheesy kapena cliche, ndi gawo la njira yolumikiziranso dziko lapansi. Ndipo mukudziwa, nditalemba bukhuli, ndidayembekeza kuti ndikadakhala ndi cholinga chimodzi cha bukhuli ndikuti wina awerenge ndikuliyika pansi ndikupita kunja kulikonse komwe angakonde kuti alumikizane ndi Dziko Lapansi - kaya ndi kapena mtsinje, kapena nyanja, kapena mapiri, kapena msipu, kapena muli ndi chiyani, pakuti tayiwala. Tayiwala. Taonani dziko lodabwitsali limene tikukhala. Ingotuluka ndikuyang'ana mtengo womwe uli ndi mbalame ndikuziyang'ana kwa mphindi zingapo. Yang'anani zonsezi. Chilengedwe chikuchita zonsezi chokha.
Ndiyeno yang'anani pa zomwe tachita, ndi kuyang'ana zomwe zochita zathu zikuyambitsa. Tiyenera kutengera izi, ndipo ndikuganiza kuti ndipamene timabwereranso mu kuvina uku kwa kukongola ndi kudabwitsa ndi kudabwa ndi chikondi nthawi imodzi ndi, "Tawonani momwe tikutaya zonse mofulumira." Ndikutanthauza, chifukwa tikutaya. Talephera. Kuyesera uku, kuyesa kwa chikapitalist padziko lonse, kuyesa uku kwa chitukuko cha mafakitale ndi kutentha mafuta oyaka kale ndikolephera kotheratu. Ndipo maboma onse apadziko lonse lapansi - inde, ena akuchita izi mocheperapo kuposa ena - koma pakadali pano, maboma onse apadziko lonse lapansi alephera molakwika kuyankha pamavuto awa. Ndipo kotero kachiwiri, zonsezo zikubweretsanso mwayi kwa aliyense wa ife tsopano. Kodi aliyense payekha adzayankha bwanji?
Ndinakulira ku Florida, ku Sarasota. Ndi mzinda wa m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Gulf of Mexico. Ndipo ndakhala ndikumvetsetsa moyo wanga wonse kuti tsiku lina, mwina m'moyo wanga, tauni yakwathu idzakhala pansi pamadzi. Kotero ndizosamveka: mfundo yakuti, imodzi, tili ndi Donald Trump ndi kayendetsedwe kokana kusintha kwa nyengo, koma awiri, pamlingo wa boma, tili ndi utsogoleri wotsutsa kusintha kwa nyengo pamwamba mu dziko lomwe lidzakhala kwathunthu, okhudzidwa kwathunthu ndi kusintha kwanyengo mwina kuposa dziko lina lililonse. Koma kodi mungangondiuza zomwe mudaphunzira ku Miami ndi ku Everglades?
Mutu womwewo womwe ukugwira ntchito pakukwera kwa nyanja ku Florida unali - kunena momveka bwino komanso momveka bwino momwe ndingathere: Zinali malingaliro.
Zinali zodabwitsa kukhala pamalo ano omwe ndi ziro pakukwera kwa madzi a m'nyanja. Zikuchitika mwachangu komanso mwachangu monga momwe zilili kwina kulikonse padziko lapansi, komanso muli ndi akatswiri ena otsogola okwera nyanja padziko lapansi. Atuluka ku University of Miami - Ben Kirtman ndi Harold Wanless, onse omwe ndidawafunsa nawo bukuli. Ndipo ndili ku Miami Beach ndikuzungulira ndi injiniya wapanthawiyo Bruce Mowry, yemwe akugwira ntchito yokweza misewu ingapo mapazi atatu, akudziwa kuti sizokwanira, koma, "Chabwino, izi zitigulira nthawi yokwanira. Tikupulumutsa Miami Beach. Titha kuyesa kuchepetsa izi. ” Kusanyalanyaza zinthu ngati bwino, kwenikweni mzinda wonsewo udatengera zomwe zinali dambo la mangrove. Pansi pake pali miyala yamchere yamchere yomwe - lingalirani chiyani - madzi amatuluka kudzera mmenemo.
Pali kale madera akuluakulu ku Miami Beach ndi madera ena a Miami omwe amasefukira pakati pa dzuwa, pakati pa chilala, ndipo anthu akungovala nsapato zawo za rabara ndikudutsamo. Pali nsomba zomwe zimasambira nthawi zina kudutsa misewu. Chifukwa chake mukukhala pansi paziro chifukwa chakukwera kwamadzi am'nyanja ndi utsogoleri wothandizidwa ndi mafuta oyambira. Ndiye panthawi imodzimodziyo, muli ndi asayansi monga Dr. Wanless amene anandiuza kuti, "Tawonani, ndikudziwa zoona kuti Marco Rubio akudziwa zomwe ndikukuuzani za kuchuluka kwa madzi a m'nyanja omwe adawotchedwa kale." Sizinachokere m'malo otheka kuti titha kuwona mapazi 10 pofika 2050. Titha kuwona zochulukirapo kuposa 2100. Ndikutanthauza, South Florida kwenikweni yapita. Miliyoni yonse ya anthu, ndi zomanga zonsezo, ndi malo onse apoizoni omwe akuyenera kuyeretsedwa, ndi malo opangira zida zanyukiliya ku Turkey Point kumwera kwa Miami pamtunda wamamita asanu ndi limodzi - zonsezi ziyenera kuthetsedwa ndikusamukira malo apamwamba. Zosungidwa zonse, zipatala, makoleji, chilichonse, sichoncho? Ndipo izi ziyenera kuyamba dzulo. Ndipo m'malo mwake, muli ndi kukana uku. Palibe chikuchitika.
Ine ndikufuna kulankhula za mphindi imodzi m'buku kuti kwathunthu gutted ine, ndipo ndinali ndisanamve zimenezi kwina kulikonse. Mumalankhula ndi Dr. Harold Wanless ku Miami, ndipo mukulemba za zokambiranazo kuti: "Kale, mpweya wa CO2 unali wosiyana kuchokera ku 180 kufika ku 280 magawo pa milioni pamene Dziko lapansi linasintha kuchoka ku nyengo ya glacial kupita ku nthawi ya glacial. Kusinthasintha kwa 100 ppm kumeneku kunalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa pafupifupi mapazi 100 pamlingo wanyanja. ” Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti tachoka pa 280 ppm kufika pamlingo wapano, pakali pano, wa 410 ppm wa carbon mumlengalenga. Ndiye zikutanthauza chiyani?
Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mwachidziwitso, tili ndi kukwera kwamadzi kwa 130 m'nyanja komwe kwaphikidwa kale m'dongosolo. Mamita 130 amatanthawuza zabwino, Florida. Chabwino, kwenikweni ku South Florida konse. Izi zikutanthauza kusanzikana ku mzinda uliwonse waukulu wa m'mphepete mwa nyanja padziko lapansi. Ndiyeno kodi anthu amenewo amapita kuti? Kodi chuma chimenecho chimachitika ndi chiyani? Kodi timasamutsa bwanji anthu onsewa? Ndikutanthauza, izi zikutanthauza kuti planeti losiyana kotheratu palokha, ndipo ndi lomwe liripo.
Ndipo tiyenera kukumbukiranso kuti mogwirizana ndi izi, pali lipoti la NASA lomwe ndimakambirana m'bukuli lomwe limafotokoza momwe Pliocene, pafupifupi zaka 3 miliyoni zapitazo pomwe kunali pafupifupi kuchuluka kwa CO2 mumlengalenga momwe kulili. tsopano chifukwa cha ife: Madzi a m'nyanja anali osachepera mamita 20 kuposa momwe alili masiku ano. Avereji ya kutentha kwapadziko lonse inali 3 mpaka 4°C kuposa mmene ilili tsopano, ndipo panali mbali zina za dziko lapansi kumene kunali 10°C pamwamba.
Tikuwona kusintha kwa geologic kumachitika pa nthawi ya anthu. Tikuyang'ana kusintha mwachangu kuposa zomwe zidachitika pakutha kwa anthu ambiri a Permian, komwe mpaka pano kunali chochitika chimodzi chakupha kwambiri m'mbiri ya dziko lapansi. Zaka 252 miliyoni zapitazo, 90 peresenti ya zamoyo zonse zapadziko lapansi zidatha, ndipo tabaya CO2 mumlengalenga mothamanga kwambiri kuposa zomwe zidachititsa kuti chiwonongeko chambiricho chiwonongeke.
Tiye tikambirane za moto wolusa. Munalemba kuti, "Kusokonekera kwanyengo kwachititsa kale kuti pafupifupi theka la nkhalango zapsa kumadzulo kwa United States pazaka 30 zapitazi." Ndizodabwitsa kwambiri.
Zili choncho. Ndimakhala ku Pacific Northwest. Mukunena kuti, anthu ambiri amajambula nkhalango zamvula, mvula yambiri, Seattle yonyowa, imvi, zonsezi. Ndipo komabe ife tiri kale, monga tikulankhulira pakali pano pa Tsiku la Dziko Lapansi, takhala ndi moto wamtchire 50 ku Washington State, komwe ndimakhala. Nthawi zambiri ndi nambala yomwe timakhala nayo kumapeto kwa Ogasiti komanso mu Okutobala, yomwe ndi nyengo yamoto wamtchire. Pali matauni omwe akukhala osakhalitsa. Ngati muli ndi vuto la kupuma, simungakhale m'tawuni yomwe yadzaza ndi utsi wamoto kwa milungu ingapo.
Ndizodabwitsa kwambiri mukayang'ana mfundo yakuti tikangowotha kutentha kwa madigiri 3 Celsius (tikufika pa 1.1 digiri Celsius tsopano), asayansi ambiri amatiuza kuti ngati tisiya kutulutsa mafuta onse pamtengo wamtengo wapatali, timakhala ndi osachepera 3. Kutentha kwa madigiri Seshasi kwaphikidwa kale mu dongosolo. Izo zikutanthauza kugonana kwa kuchuluka kwa moto wolusa ku America West. Ngati muyang'ana zomwe zidachitika ku California, mwachitsanzo, pazaka zingapo zapitazi, chulukitsani izi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Kotero ife tiri pomwepo pamphepete mwa zotsatira izi. Koma chinthu chimodzi chimene ndikufuna kukumbutsa anthu: N’zosavuta kuganiza kuti ku United States, “O, izi zikuchitika moipitsitsa kwambiri m’mayiko ena.” Eya, ngati mukukhala ku Paradaiso, California, kulibe vuto lamtsogolo ponena za vuto la nyengo kwa inu. Ngati mwataya zonse ndipo mukudziwa wina yemwe wamwalira ndipo ngati mwatuluka wamoyo, movutikira: Munangokhala ndi moyo mu apocalypse.
Lankhulani za kufanana kwamalingaliro komwe mumagwira ntchito ngati mtolankhani wankhondo komanso kuwunikira kusintha kwanyengo. Ndikukhulupirira kuti mudazifotokoza ngati zachisoni.
Pali chisoni chakuya chomwe chimabwera, ndipo momwe ndalembera m'bukuli ndidagawana nkhani ya mnzanga wapamtima: Duane French, bambo wa quadriplegic yemwe ndimamugwirira ntchito. wondithandizira, ku Alaska pamene ndinasamukira kumeneko koyamba cha m'ma 90s. Ndipo zaka zingapo zapitazo, iye anadwala chibayo, ndipo ine ndinaganiza motsimikiza, “Iye wafa.” Anakhala mu ICU kwa milungu ingapo, ndipo palibe mankhwala omwe anali kugwira ntchito, ndipo ndinakhulupiriradi kuti ndinali naye limodzi kuchipatala. Ndipo kotero chomwe chinali chofunikira kwa ine chinali kukhalapo momwe ndingathere ndikuyamika mphindi iliyonse yomwe ndinali nayo akadali pano.
Ndiye nditani? Kodi chilimbikitso changa chimachokera kuti ngati zinthu zikuwoneka kuti zatayika? Ndipamene ndinacheza kwambiri ndi sing'anga wa Chicherokee dzina lake Stan Rushworth, kwenikweni. Anandikumbutsa za kusiyana pakati pa malingaliro okhazikika atsamunda akuti, "Tili ndi maufulu," motsutsana ndi nthanthi zachikhalidwe zakuti, "Tonse timabadwa padziko lapansi tili ndi udindo." Ziwiri zazikulu zomwe adagawana nane ndi izi: udindo wosamalira, ndikukhala woyang'anira dziko lapansi; ndi udindo wotumikira mibadwo yamtsogolo ndikupanga zisankho zanga kutengera zomwe zidzawasamalire bwino. Ndiye ngakhale zinthu zikuyenda bwanji lero, ngati ndidzuka ndikudzifunsa kuti, "Chabwino, ndingakhale bwanji wothandiza kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi ana?" Ndiye ndatsala pang'ono kugwira ntchito, ndipo palibe chosowa chochita. Ndipo ndine wokakamizika kuchita zonse zomwe ndingathe kuti ndithandize mwanjira ina, zilizonse zomwe zingawonekere.
Chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri pazokambirana izi zanyengo, zokambirana zimasanduka chiyembekezo chamtsogolo pamapeto pake, koma sindikufuna kunena za chiyembekezo, mukudziwa, m'lingaliro la mayankho. Ndikufuna kudziwa momwe mwakhala mukuchitira ndi kulemera kwa nkhaniyi komanso momwe inuyo panokha mwafotokozera chiyembekezo.
Kulondola, ndidayenera kuthana ndi chiyembekezo motsutsana ndi chiyembekezo chopanda chiyembekezo. Pomaliza, ndikunena za Vaclav Havel yemwe adati, "Chiyembekezo sikukhulupirira kuti zinazake zikhala bwino, koma kutsimikizika kuti china chake n'choyenera kuchita ngakhale zitakhala bwanji." Ndi chiyembekezo pankhani yazovuta zanyengo mumayendedwe awa: Wina, kapena chipani china, kapena gulu lina lidzachitapo kanthu - ngakhale nditakhala mbali ya izi - ndiye kuti china chake mtsogolo chidzachitika. Ndipo ndikuganiza kuti zimatichotsa mwa ife tokha, ndipo zimatichotsa pakali pano. Ndipo pakali pano, mu sekondi iyi, mwa ine, apa ndi pamene bungwe langa lonse lili. Chifukwa chake chilichonse chomwe ndingachite pakali pano, ndichofunika kwambiri, ndipo ndiyenera kutenga udindo wonse pazimenezi. Ndipo ndikuganiza kuti ndi zomwe ndikufika: kuvomereza kuti tili ndi osachepera 3 ° C ophikidwa mu dongosolo. Zimenezo ndi zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Palibe amene angatsutse kuti izi ndi zowopsa bwanji.
Ndipo inde, zambiri zikufunika. Ndipo inde, zikuwoneka ngati zonse zitha kutayika koma ndikungoyenera kubwereranso ku izo. Kodi chimandidzutsa chiyani m'mamawa, ndipo ndiyenera kuchita chiyani? Ndipo ndikadzabwera kuchokera kumalo amenewo, ndiye ndimamva kuti ndili ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi izi kuposa kale ndipo ndithudi ngakhale ndisanalembe bukhuli.
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