Kusintha kwa feudalism kupita ku capitalism ku Europe, makamaka kuyambira zaka za zana la 17 mpaka 19, kudatenga njira zingapo. Zinalinso zosagwirizana, zikuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana pamitengo yosiyana m'malo osiyanasiyana. Marx adaphunzira miyeso yosiyanasiyana ya kusinthako chifukwa adapereka maphunziro ofunikira pakusintha kosiyana komwe adakondwera nako: kuchoka ku capitalism kupita ku socialism ndi communism. Phunziro limodzi lotere likufunika kubwerezedwanso. Zikhumbo zosinthira kupitilira capitalism zidzatenganso mitundu ingapo; amatero kale.
Nthawi zina feudalism idagwa pamene ma serf adathawa kugwiriridwa ndi ambuye awo kuti akhale ophwanya malamulo m'nkhalango (a la Robin Hood) kapena okhala m'tauni, amisiri odzilemba okha, amalonda, kapena olandira malipiro (maubwenzi onse omwe si a feudal). Nthawi zina, pamene olamulira akunja adalowa m'ngongole zomwe sakanatha kuzisamalira, nyumba zawo zimatha. Nthaลตi zina zowononga ndi zotsatira za nkhondo za pakati pa olamulira ankhanza zinawawononga. Nthaลตi zina ambuye ankamasula ma serf awo powalipiritsa ndalama: Ma Czars a ku Russia, omwe anali opangidwa ndi ulamuliro waukali kumeneko, anathetsa izo ndi ulamuliro wa boma mu 1863. Nthaลตi zina, monga ku France mu 1789, zisonkhezero zosinthira kwanthaลตi yaitali mkati mwa ulamuliro wa feudalism zinafika pachimake pa Kusintha kwachigwirizano kochitidwa ndi ma serf ambiri. ndi ex-serfs. M'kusintha komwe kunachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu, zikhumbo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa m'magulu sizinayang'anenso ndi izi kapena mbuye, koma motsutsana ndi dongosolo lonse la feudal. Mphamvu zamunthu payekhapayekha komanso mgwirizano womwe adakwaniritsa pamodzi zinatha kuthetsa chikhulupiliro cha feudalism.
Kusintha kuchokera ku capitalism kupita ku socialism kapena communism kungathenso kutengera mitundu ingapo ndikuwonetsa miyeso ingapo. Mavuto apadziko lonse a capitalism monga dongosolo - monga lomwe lilipo pano - limawulula maulalo ake ofooka, monga "mapulogalamu obwezeretsa" omwe amathandizidwa ndi boma omwe amakonda mabizinesi akulu kuposa wina aliyense. Kudzudzula kungathe kukhwima msanga kuchokera ku ndondomeko ndi mabungwe enaake kupita ku dongosolo lazachuma la capitalist.
Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, bungwe la United Steelworkers Union (USW) linavomera mu October watha kuti ligwirizane ndi bungwe la Mondragon la ku Spain kulimbikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa mabungwe ogwira ntchito monga njira yopezera ntchito. Kuchuluka kwa kusowa kwa ntchito komwe kunachitika mu 2009 mosakayikira kunathandizira kubweretsa USW ku mgwirizanowu. Ma cooperatives a ogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri amapangidwa mosagwirizana ndi capitalist. Ndiko kuti, ogwira ntchito pawokha amayenerera ndikugawa zotsalira (kapena zopindula) zopangidwa ndi ntchito yawo. Amakhala, palimodzi, gulu lawo laotsogolera. Palibe anthu ena kusiyapo antchitowo amene amagwira ntchito ngati otsogolera; bungwe la capitalist la kupanga potero limasowa.
Muchikoka china chofuna kusintha kupitilira capitalism, ophunzira ndi ogwira ntchito kusukulu ku California akulimbana ndi zovuta zamaphunziro zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi zovuta. Kuchokera pakuwukira mfundo zotere monga mayankho osayenera ku vuto la capitalist, zolimbikitsa zawo zimafika pokayikira kufunika kwa dongosolo lazachuma lomwe nthawi zambiri limalowetsa anthu m'mavuto. Anthu aku US amayang'ana thandizo la ndalama za boma la Bush ndi Obama kupulumutsa ma capitalist pamodzi ndi kulephera kwawo kuthandiza mamiliyoni akutaya ntchito ndi nyumba; kuyang'ana kumachokera ku mafunso osangalatsa okhudza dongosolo lomwe limagwira ntchito mwanjira zotere. Kudzipereka kwa Obama kwa mabiliyoni ena pankhondo zosatha kumapatutsa zothandizira kuthetsa mavuto ena, apakhomo ndi akunja. Magulu otsutsa-capitalist momveka bwino ndi zipani za ndale zimatuluka ndikukula ku Ulaya; amatenga mphamvu kudera lalikulu la Latin America.
Zoonadi, mโkusintha kwa ku Ulaya kuchoka ku ulamuliro waufumu kupita ku ukapitalist, zimene anthu ankaganiza kuti akuchita ndi zimene anachita kwenikweni sizinali zofanana. Otsutsa ku France ambiri amakhulupirira kuti akuyambitsa "ufulu, kufanana, ndi ubale" motsutsana ndi nkhanza za absolutist. Malingaliro a Marx ndi ena adabwera pambuyo pake; kudzera mwa iwo tidamvetsetsa kuti 1789 idawonetsa kusintha pakati pa machitidwe osiyanasiyana azachuma (pamodzi ndi zotsatira zake zina zamakhalidwe).
Lero timapindula pokhala ndi chidziwitso cha kusintha pakati pa machitidwe azachuma. Titha kumvetsetsa momwe capitalism nayonso, monga feudalism, ingayambitsire kusintha kopitilira palokha. Titha kufunsa ngati magulu amasiku ano okhudza kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu omwe amayang'ana kwambiri ndale (demokalase, kufanana, ufulu, ndi zina zotero) angakhale akubisa kapena kubisa zikhumbo za kusintha kuchoka ku capitalist kupita ku socialist kapena machitidwe achuma a chikomyunizimu. Titha kulingalira ngati komanso momwe zosiyanitsira zikuwonongera, kufunsana, komanso kutsutsa capitalism mzaka makumi angapo zapitazi - makamaka muzaka chikwi zatsopanozi - zitha kulumikizidwa kukhala gulu lachiyanjano lolimba mokwanira kuti lidutse kusintha.
Kuzindikira uku kwakusintha pakati pa machitidwe azachuma kumatibwezera ku udzu wodabwitsa wamphepo, mgwirizano wa USW-Mondragon. Zimayimira kufunafuna mgwirizano, kuphatikiza, ndipo motero kugwirizana kwa magulu awiri omwe posachedwapa sanagwirizane. Kumbali ina, gulu la anthu ogwira ntchito zachikhalidwe limalimbana ndi kukula kwa malipiro ndi phindu, pazochitika za ntchito, pakugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Mabungwe akhoza kutsutsa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zilipo kuti ndalama zitheke ndikugawa kuti zitheke kuberekanso. Kumbali ina, kukhalapo kwa Mondragon ndi mbiri yake kumaphatikizapo mabungwe omwe si a capitalist omwe amagwira ntchito kumbali zonse za malipiro ndi omwe sali ogwira ntchito amachotsedwa pa udindo wa capitalist / wolemba ntchito. Chowonadi chimenecho chimatsutsa capitalism popereka antchito ndi ogula gulu lina lakupanga lomwe lachita bwino ndikukula m'zaka zapitazi.
Zoletsa zambiri ndi zopinga zimayima pakati pa mgwirizano wongoyeserera woyambawu kuti ugwirizane pakati pa bungwe lazamalonda ndi bungwe lopanga zosagwirizana ndi capitalism ndikusintha kupitilira ukapitalist. Zosintha zina zambiri zamakhalidwe ndi mayendedwe omwe amawapititsa patsogolo adzafunika kuti asonkhanitse kuchuluka kofunikira kuti adutse kusintha kwenikweni. Palibe zolepheretsa apa: palibe chomwe chimatsimikizira kuti izi zidzachitika.
Komabe, mphamvu imodzi yomwe ikuyenda kumbali ya kusintha ndikuzindikira komanso kukhudzidwa ndi kuthekera kwake mumitundu yonse yakusintha ndikusintha. Kusemphana kwakukulu ndi zovuta za chikapitalist zikubweretsa nkhani ya kusintha pakati pa machitidwe azachuma m'maganizo a anthu ndikulowanso m'ndondomeko za kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu. Pangano la USW-Mondragon likuwonetsa kuti pali zikhumbo zazikulu zogwirizanitsa mayendedwe ozungulira ma ajenda omwe amaphatikizanso mabungwe omwe si a capitalist opanga. Zimayimira chizindikiro cha chiyembekezo cha ndale cha Chaka Chatsopano.
Rick Wolff ndi Pulofesa Emeritus ku yunivesite ya Massachusetts ku Amherst komanso ndi Pulofesa Woyendera pa Pulogalamu ya Omaliza Maphunziro mu International Affairs ya New School University ku New York. Ndiye mlembi wa New Departures in Marxian Theory (Routledge, 2006) pakati pa zofalitsa zina zambiri. Onani filimu ya a Rick Wolff pavuto lazachuma lomwe lilipo, Capitalism Hits the Fan, pa www.capitalismhitsthefan.com. Pitani patsamba la Wolff pa www.rdwolff.com, ndi kuitanitsa buku lake latsopano lakuti Capitalism Hits the Fan: The Global Economic Meltdown and What to Do about It.
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