Kodi kuchira kosavutikiraku kuli kuti? Mabanki, ena amati, "achira." Komabe amakhalabe odalira Washington, samapanga ngongole zomwe zimafunikira kuti achire, ndipo mabanki ambiri apakati ndi ang'onoang'ono akugwa. Msika wogulitsa ukuwonetsa kuti palibe kuchira. Mndandanda wa Dow unali 14,000 kumapeto kwa 2007 pamene capitalism inagunda kwambiri, ndipo ili pafupi 10,000 tsopano. Mndandanda wa msika wa Nasdaq unali 2800 panthawiyo ndipo ndi 2300 tsopano. Kulikonse - kusowa kwa ntchito, kutsekedwa, kubwezeredwa kwa ndalama, msika wachisoni wa nyumba, ndi zina zotero - palibe kuchira. Komabe, kufufuza kwanga kunapeza kuchira kwenikweni kwa gulu limodzi, ndipo kuchira kwake kumapereka ndondomeko yabwino yothetsera vutoli.
Chaka chilichonse, makampani awiri akuluakulu omwe amapereka ndalama kwa olemera amalemba nawo kafukufuku wamakasitomala awo. Capgemini ndi Merrill Lynch Wealth Management's World Wealth Report imakhudza magulu awiri omwe amawakonda: High Net Worth Individuals (HNWIs) ndi Ultra-High Net Worth Individuals (Ultra-HNWIs). Gulu loyamba limawerengera anthu onse omwe ali ndi ndalama zosachepera $ 1 miliyoni za "investible assets" kuphatikiza pa Makhalidwe a nyumba yawo yoyamba, zojambulajambula, zosonkhanitsa, ndi zina zotero. Gulu lachiwiri likuphatikizapo anthu omwe ali ndi ndalama zosachepera $ 30 miliyoni za katundu wogulitsidwa.
Lipoti lawo laposachedwa, lomwe likukhudza chaka cha 2009, likupeza ma HNWI 10 miliyoni padziko lapansi chaka chimenecho: 3.1 miliyoni ku North America, pomwe Europe ndi Asia-Pacific aliyense anali ndi 3.0 miliyoni. Padziko lonse lapansi panali olemera ndi olemera 0.9 miliyoni chabe.
Ma HNWI 10 miliyoni - pa chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse lapansi 6.8 biliyoni mu 2009 - anali 0.14 peresenti ya anthu padziko lapansi. Onse pamodzi, anali ndi ndalama zokwana madola 39 thililiyoni mu "zinthu zogulitsa." Kuti muwone tanthauzo la izi: mu 2009, GDP ya US (chiwerengero chonse cha katundu ndi ntchito) chinali $ 14.6 trilioni. Ma GDP ophatikizana a mayiko 9 olemera kwambiri padziko lapansi (US, Japan, China, Germany, France, UK, Italy, Russia, ndi Spain) zidakwana zochepa mu 2009 poyerekeza ndi chuma cha HNWI chapadziko lonse lapansi.
M'chaka cha 2009, pamene anthu mamiliyoni ambiri anachotsedwa ntchito, chiwerengero cha a HNWI chinakwera ndi 17.1 peresenti ndipo chuma chawo chonse chinakwera ndi 18.9 peresenti. Iwo anali ndi "kuchira" kwenikweni. HNWIs adapezanso chuma chambiri mwa zomwe adataya mu 2008. Nzosadabwitsa kuti amakondwerera "kuchira" pamene dziko lonse lapansi likudabwa (kapena kukwiya) zomwe akukamba. Ku US, mwachitsanzo, chiwerengero cha HNWI chinakula ndi 16.6 peresenti mu 2009 pamene GDP ya US inatsika ndi 2.4 peresenti.
1 peresenti yokha ya ma HNWI onse anali a Ultra-HNWI, koma ndi gulu lotani lomwe linali ndipo liri. Ma Ultra-HNWI okha anali ndi 35.5 peresenti ya $39 thililiyoni omwe ali ndi ma HNWI 10 miliyoni onse. Ndipo adachira kwambiri mu 2009 kuposa anzawo a HNWI.
Capitalism ndi dzina la dongosolo lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi lomwe limapereka zotsatira zomwe zafotokozedwa mwachidule mu ziwerengerozi. Capitalism imabweretsa "kuchira" kwa iwo omwe amafunikira pang'ono pomwe akupereka ndalama kwa pafupifupi wina aliyense. Atsogoleri amasiku ano abizinesi ndi ndale amauza anthu a mayiko onse otsogola otukuka kuti palibe njira ina kuposa zaka zochepetsera ndalama za boma (misonkho yokwezeka ndi/kapena kuchepa kwa ntchito ndi ntchito zaboma).
Safotokoza kuti atha kupeza chuma chambiri cha olemera 0.14 peresenti omwe (a) adapeza chuma chambiri pazaka 25 zapitazi, ndipo (b) adapeza kale zomwe adataya mu 2009 mu 2008.
Ndi malingaliro otani okhudza chilungamo, ulemu, makhalidwe, kapena demokalase imene ingalungamitse mmene chuma chikuyendera, makamaka panthaลตi ya mavuto azachuma padziko lonse? Kumbukiraninso kuti anthu olemera ndi olemera omwewa adathandizira kwambiri (monga olemba ntchito m'mafakitale, mabanki, ndi osunga ndalama) kuti abweretse mavuto azachuma padziko lonse.
Tiyeni tsopano tiyang'ane pa ma HNWI ku US kokha (kuphatikiza ma Ultra-HNWIs ake). Iwo anali 2.9 miliyoni mu 2009: chabwino pansi pa 1 peresenti ya nzika zaku US. Katundu wawo wogulitsidwa adakwana $ 12.09 thililiyoni. Mchaka cha 2009, kupereลตera kwa bajeti ya US kunali $1.7 thililiyoni. Boma la US likadapereka msonkho wadzidzidzi wazachuma wochepera 15 peresenti pazachuma zokha za HNWI, zikanafafaniza chiwongola dzanja chonse cha 2009. Anthu opitilira 99 pa XNUMX aliwonse a nzika zaku US akadamasulidwa ku msonkho umenewu.
Maboma a ku Ulaya, Japan, ndi ena akanatha kuthana ndi vutoli m'mayiko awo. Ndiye maboma sakanafunika kubwereka mathililiyoni. M'malo mwake akadakhoma msonkho kwa olemera kwambiri ochepa gawo laling'ono la chuma chake chochuluka. Maboma amenewo sakadayenera kutembenukira kwa obwereketsa (nthawi zambiri olemera omwewo). Sipakanakhala "vuto lalikulu la ngongole" ku Greece, Portugal, Spain, Ireland, ndi zina zotero, ndipo palibe chifukwa chokhutiritsa obwereketsawo. Anthu aku Republican sangakhale ndi ng'oma ya "deficit, deficit" kuti apambane ndi chiyembekezo chopindula pa tsiku la zisankho.
Kukhometsa msonkho kwa ma HNWI ndi Ultra-HNWIs ingakhale ndondomeko ya maboma kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa za akuluakulu awo ogwira ntchito m'malo mwa olemera awo ndi olemera kwambiri. Austerity si ndondomeko yokhayo. Kupereka msonkho modzichepetsa chuma cha ma HNWI ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri. Makampani awiri oyang'anira chuma omwe amasamalira ma HNWI atipatsa mokoma mtima zonse zowona ndi ziwerengero zofunika kuti tithandizire mfundo yabwinoko.
Ku Ulaya konse, migwirizano ya mabungwe a zamalonda, sosholisti, chikomyunizimu, ndi zipani zina zobiriwira, ndi mabungwe ambiri achikhalidwe, achipembedzo, ndi ammudzi akukonzekera ziwonetsero zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira ndikunyanyala. Amenewa amatsutsa kukhwimitsa zinthu ndipo amafuna njira zina zothanirana ndi mavuto azachuma. Ku France, kusonkhanitsa anthu kumayang'ana pa chiwonongeko cha dziko lonse pa September 7. Mapulani akukonzekera tsiku lonse la Ulaya la zochitika zapagulu pa September 29. Zochita zapadziko lonse monga izi zachitika kale ku Greece, Portugal, ndi mayiko ena.
Atsogoleri abizinesi ndi ndale omwe adapangidwa zaka 30 zapitazi za neoliberal capitalism amangoganiza kuti atha kukakamiza anthu akumayiko awo kuti awononge mavuto awo. Lingaliro limenelo tsopano likutsutsidwa. Anthu a ku Ulaya akuyamba kumenyana. Ndipo kuno, ku US?
Rick Wolff ndi Pulofesa Emeritus pa yunivesite ya Massachusetts ku Amherst komanso ndi Pulofesa Woyendera pa Pulogalamu ya Omaliza Maphunziro mu International Affairs ya New School University ku New York. Iye ndi mlembi wa Kunyamuka Kwatsopano mu Marxian Theory (Routledge, 2006) pakati pa zofalitsa zina zambiri. Onani filimu ya a Rick Wolff pamavuto azachuma omwe alipo, Capitalism Yakhudza Mafani, pa www.capitalismhitsthefan.com. Pitani patsamba la Wolff pa www.rdwolff.com, ndi kuitanitsa buku lake latsopanoli Capitalism Imakhudza Mafani: Kuwonongeka Kwachuma Padziko Lonse ndi Zoyenera Kuchita Pakutero.
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