Nkhani kuti Cambridge Analytica idagwiritsa ntchito chinsinsi chachikulu cha ogwiritsa ntchito a Facebook, komanso kuti Facebook idakweza zokonda zamalonda kuposa chitetezo cha ogwiritsa ntchito, ndi tsoka laposachedwa lomwe likuwonetsa kuti intaneti ndi njira yowopsa.
Vuto la ochita masewera olakwika omwe amasokoneza intaneti lakhala likuphulika kwa zaka zambiri. Zolepheretsa kulowa, ufulu wotenga nawo mbali komanso kumasuka sizidziwikanso pa intaneti, zomwe zikuchititsa kuti anthu azisiyanirana, zomwe zikupangitsa magulu ang'onoang'ono kuwononga anthu ochulukirapo.
Mu 2014 Tim Berners-Lee, yemwe anayambitsa World Wide Web, adapanga pa intaneti 'Magna Carta' kuti ateteze intaneti, ngati dongosolo losalowerera ndale, kuchokera kuboma ndi chinyengo chamakampani. Iye anali kuyankha pambuyo powululira kuti mabungwe azondi aku Britain ndi US akuchita ntchito zowunikira anthu ambiri; kunyozetsa kwa Cambridge Analytica kumapangitsa kuti malingaliro ake akhale ofunikira monga kale.
Ngakhale kuganiza wamba kumatengera zochitika izi poyitanitsa intaneti kuti ipulumutsidwe, zovuta zimafika pafupipafupi komanso moyipa kwambiri kotero kuti amayesa kutsimikiza kwa ngakhale omwe ali otetezedwa bwino kwambiri pa intaneti. Poyankha kupitilira kwa 'zida' za intaneti, Berners-Lee adatero chaka chatha: 'Ndikadali ndi chiyembekezo, koma wokhulupirira nditaimirira pamwamba pa phiri ndi chimphepo choyipa chikuwomba pamaso panga, chikulendewera ku mpanda ... pakuti ukonde udzatitsogolera ku zinthu zodabwitsa.'
Sindikhulupiriranso kuti intaneti ikhoza kupulumutsidwa: nthawi yatha. Mikangano yoti itha kupulumutsidwa ndi kalembedwe kaufulu ka Magna Carta kapena kudzera m'malamulo enaake ndizochepa kwambiri.
Zili choncho chifukwa mafoni oti asungitse intaneti amachokera pamalingaliro abodza akuti ndi dongosolo losalowerera ndale. Mapangidwe apakati pa intaneti - ma protocol, madambwe, ma network, maseva, data, ma code - ndi machitidwe ake olamulira ndi andale komanso okhazikika m'zandale ndi zachuma.
Ganizirani za 'grey power'. Luciano Floridi, pulofesa wa Philosophy ndi Ethics of Information ku Oxford Internet Institute, akufotokoza kuti imvi mphamvu si mphamvu wamba pazandale kapena pazankhondo. Sikutha kukopa ena mwachindunji, koma mphamvu ya kukopa anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu. Kuti muwone mphamvu ya imvi, muyenera kungoyang'ana mazana a zochitika zapamwamba za machitidwe ozungulira apakati pa Google ndi Google. Maboma a ku Ulaya ndi US Department of State.
Ndiyeno pali 'surveillance capitalism'. Shoshana Zuboff, Pulofesa Emerita ku Harvard Business School, amalimbikitsa kuti anaziika capitalism ndi 'lingaliro latsopano la kudzikundikira'. Chisinthiko chodabwitsa cha mphamvu yopangira makompyuta, ma algorithms ovuta komanso kudumpha kwa kuthekera kosungirako deta kumaphatikizana kuti zitheke kuyang'anira capitalism. Ndi njira yodziunjikira pochotsa deta yomwe anthu amapanga.
Katswiri wolemekezeka wa chitetezo Bruce Schneier posachedwapa adagwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso za kuyang'anira capitalism ku vuto la Cambridge Analytica / Facebook, powona kuti 'kupita patsogolo pakusanthula kwakukulu kwa data ndi luntha lochita kupanga kungapangitse mawa ntchito zowopsa kwambiri kuposa masiku ano.'
Kwa Schneier, 'malamulo ndi yankho lokhalo.' Ananenanso za EU General Data Protection Regulation yomwe iyamba kugwira ntchito mwezi wamawa, yomwe imanena kuti ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuvomereza zomwe deta yaumwini ingasungidwe ndi momwe imagwiritsidwira ntchito.
Koma si aliyense amene ali ndi chidaliro chofanana pamalamulo. Paul-Olivier Dehaye, woyambitsa nawo PersonalData.IO omwe amathandiza anthu kuteteza deta yawo, posachedwa. adauza a BBC Click kuti pali kale malamulo amphamvu kwambiri. Koma izi ndi zoyipa kuposa zopanda pake chifukwa sizimakakamizidwa. Olamulira, omwe amadziona ngati akugwirizanitsa malonda ndi zofuna za demokalase, ponena za deta yaumwini, achita 'zambiri pazamalonda komanso osakwanira pazitsulo zotsutsana.'
Gray power and surveillance capitalism imalimbikitsa owongolera kuti atsike nthawi zambiri kumbali yazamalonda ndi zokomera boma motsutsana ndi zabwino za anthu. Koma ndizomwe zimapangidwira pa intaneti zomwe zimadzetsa maulamuliro atsopano komanso omwe sanachitikepo padziko lonse lapansi monga Google, Facebook, Amazon ndi ena onse. Zimathandizira NSA ndi GCHQ kuyang'anira miyoyo ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Intaneti yakhala nsanja yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi kukulitsa mphamvu ndi mwayi kuyambira kumapeto kwa nkhondo yozizira; ndipo sichingapulumutsidwe.
Ndiye nchiyani chingatenge malo ake? Tekinoloje zatsopano za 'Web 3.0' zikubwera zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuthetsa kulepheretsedwa kumene anthu ambiri akukumana nawo padziko lonse lapansi. Tekinoloje za blockchain - zomwe zikuphatikiza Mabungwe Odziyimira Pawokha (DAOs) ndi makhothi opanda malire - amachotsa oyimira pakati osafunikira ndi maphwando ena omwe amayika chuma pakati ndi mphamvu zopangira zisankho.
Matekinoloje awa, ngakhale akukumana ndi mavuto ambiri komanso akadali pachitukuko, amati amalola anthu kudzipanga okha kupitilira malire akuthupi ndi adziko. Machitidwewa sadalira malamulo kapena maboma ndi mabungwe kuti azichita zinthu moyenera, koma m'malo mwa kugawikana kwa mayiko ndi cryptography, kulola anthu kulamulira zomwe akufuna kutulutsa ndi momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito. Makinawa amapangitsa Google, Facebook, Amazon, Cambridge Analytica, mayiko, ndi mabehemoth ena a digito kukhala opanda mano.
Masiku ano Intaneti ndi yoopsa kwa anthu komanso anthu. Yakwana nthawi yoganizira njira zina.
Chris Spannos ndi mkonzi wa digito ku New Internationalist ndi mlembi wa bukhu likudzalo Momwe mungayambitsirenso intaneti kuti musinthe dziko.
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
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