Gwero: Zamkatimu
Zilango zazachuma, m'zaka zaposachedwa, zakhala zida zofunika kwambiri pazandale zaku US. Pakali pano pali mayiko opitilira 20 omwe apatsidwa zilango zosiyanasiyana ndi boma la U.S.
Koma ngati anthu aku America ochulukirapo akanadziwa kuti ndi anthu angati osalakwa omwe amafa chifukwa cha zilango izi, kodi oipitsitsa angaloledwe?
Titha kudziwa ku Afghanistan. Zilango zomwe zaperekedwa pakali pano mdziko muno zatsala pang'ono kupha anthu wamba ambiri m'chaka chomwe chikubwerachi kuposa omwe aphedwa pankhondo zaka 20. Palibenso zobisala.
M'nyengo yozizira, anthu 22.8 miliyoni adzakumana ndi "kusowa kwa chakudya chokwanira." Izi ndi 55 peresenti ya anthu aku Afghanistan, okwera kwambiri omwe adalembedwapo mdzikolo. Pafupifupi ana 1 miliyoni akuvutika ndi "kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi" chaka chino. Ana amene ali ndi vuto lopereŵera zakudya m’thupi amakhala ndi mwayi womwalira ndi matenda, ngakhale atakhala ndi ma calories ndi zakudya zokwanira kuti apulumuke. Kale, 98 peresenti ya anthu sakupeza chakudya chokwanira, malinga ndi bungwe la U.N. World Food Programme.
Chilango chachikulu komanso chowononga kwambiri chomwe Afghanistan chikuyang'anizana ndi kulanda chuma cha dzikolo choposa $7 biliyoni chomwe chikuchitikira ku US Federal Reserve. Izi zikufanana ndi pafupifupi theka la chuma cha Afghanistan, komanso pafupifupi miyezi 18 ya zinthu zomwe dzikolo limachokera kunja - zomwe zimaphatikizapo chakudya, mankhwala, ndi zofunikira za zomangamanga zomwe ndizofunikira pa thanzi la anthu.
Koma zotsatira za kutayika kwa katundu wa Banki Yapakati zimakhala zakufa kwambiri kuposa kutayika kwa zinthu zofunika kuchokera kunja. Katundu wolandidwa ndi madola; maiko amafunikira nkhokwe za ndalama zapadziko lonsezi kuti akhalebe ndi dongosolo lazachuma komanso chuma chokhazikika. Chiyambireni kuzizira kwa nkhokwe za dzikolo, “kusoŵa kwa ndalama ndi kutayika kwa maunansi akubanki olemberana makalata kwaimitsa mabanki a ku Afghanistan,” inatero bungwe la International Monetary Fund.
Malipoti a atolankhani ochokera pansi akufotokoza za tsoka laumunthu la kusokonezeka komwe kumabwera pamene nkhokwezi zitayika: amayi osowa chithandizo kufunafuna mankhwala a ana ofooka; kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe alibe ndalama; alimi akusiya kulima minda yawo.
Ndalama ya Afghanistan yatsika ndi 25 peresenti kuyambira mwezi wa August, kuyendetsa mtengo wa chakudya ndi zinthu zina zofunika kuti anthu ambiri asamafike ku dziko lomwe linali losauka kwambiri ku Asia. Mabanki akhazikitsa malire a $400 pakuchotsa ndalama, komanso zoletsa zomwe zimapangitsa mabizinesi kulephera kukwaniritsa malipiro awo. Izi zikukankhira anthu ambiri ku ulova ndi njala yadzaoneni.
Othandizira zilango, m'boma la United States ndi madera ena, ayankha kuti anthu omwe akuvutika ndi njala, kusowa chakudya chokwanira, kapena omwe alibe ntchito chifukwa cha chilango akhoza kuthandizidwa ndi thandizo la mayiko. Komabe, zikuwonekeratu kuti malingaliro owononga chuma ndiyeno kuyesa kupulumutsa anthu ndi chithandizo sichigwira ntchito. Thandizo lidzalowa m'malo mwa gawo laling'ono chabe la ndalama zomwe dzikolo litaya, zomwe IMF ikuyerekeza kuti zitha kutsika ndi 30 peresenti yosayerekezeka m'miyezi ikubwerayi.
Ndipo pali zovuta zazikulu popereka chithandizo: mabanki akusokonekera, mabanki apadziko lonse lapansi komanso ena. magulu othandizira amazengereza kutenga zoopsa zomwe zingachitike pakusamutsa ndalama, ndipo pali kusokonekera kwamayendedwe, komanso ntchito zina zofunika chifukwa cha zilango ndi kutsika kwachuma komwe kumabwera.
Washington ndi ogwirizana nawo ati zilango ndizoyenera kuyankha kuphwanyidwa kwa ufulu wa anthu a Taliban, kuphatikiza kupondereza amayi. Koma ndi anthu, makamaka osauka kwambiri, omwe amalipira mtengo. Ndi makumi kapena masauzande angati a amayi ndi atsikana omwe ayenera kuperekedwa nsembe kuti alange a Taliban?
Maboma akumadzulo, motsogozedwa ndi United States monga analili zaka 20 zankhondo, sangalandire chilolezo kuchokera ku Taliban powononga chuma cha Afghanistan. Koma mtengo wokulirapo udzalipidwa ndi mamiliyoni a anthu osalakwa, amene ambiri a iwo adzafa, pamene chakudya, chisamaliro chaumoyo, ntchito, ndi ndalama zikusoŵa mowonjezereka.
Mamembala a Congress akuyamba kubwerera m'mbuyo: khumi ndi awiri adatumiza kalata kwa Purezidenti Joe Biden mu Disembala kuti: "Kulandidwa kwa US $ 9.4 biliyoni m'malo osungirako ndalama ku Afghanistan" kukugwetsa dzikolo "m'mavuto azachuma ndi anthu."
Chilango chophatikizika chimenechi nchoopsa kwambiri Zolakwika ndi wachiwerewere. Boma la Biden litha kuchotsa chomwe chimathandizira kwambiri ndi kugunda kwa cholembera. Ayenera kuchita zimenezi mwamsanga nthawi isanathe.
ZNetwork imalandira ndalama kudzera mu kuwolowa manja kwa owerenga ake.
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