Tariq Ali
In
nthawi izi zamavuto andale kumanzere, chochititsa chidwi cha Ken Livingstone
Kupambana motsutsana ndi chikhalidwe ndi ndale za New Labor ndikofunika kwambiri
kusintha kwa ndale za Chingerezi. Blair anakana kuvomereza Livingstone ngati msilikali
Woyimira ntchito chifukwa anali 'wotsalira kwambiri', ngakhale mamembala a Labor Party
anali atamuvotera iye mu ma primaries. Livingstone adasweka kwambiri ndi New
Ntchito ndikuyima ngati wodziyimira pawokha. Anapambana 58 peresenti ya mavoti. The
Toty Norris anali wachiwiri ndi 42 peresenti ndi poodle wa Blair, Frank Dobson anabwera
yachitatu ndi 13.1 peresenti yokha ya mavoti.
The
chipambano sichiyenera kunyalanyazidwa chifukwa chakuti chinali kuyembekezera. Ayi
kupasuka kwapayokha. Lili ndi tanthauzo lalikulu la tsogolo ndi cholinga
zotsatira, zomwe sizidalira chilichonse Ken Livingstone angachite kapena sangachite
miyezi ndi zaka zikubwerazi. Blair anachititsidwa manyazi ku London. Kusimidwa kwa
olimba mtima a Blairites omwe adavotera phungu wa Conservative, Steve Norris monga
kukonda kwawo kwachiwiri kunalephera kukhudza zotsatira zomaliza. The Murdoch press
sanathe kugonjetsa Livingstone. Ngakhale Polly Toynbee ndi
Hugo Young mu The Guardian akhutiritse owerenga okana kuvotera Norris kapena
Dobson. Othandizira akale a Livingstone (Paul Boateng, Tony Banks, Margaret
Hodge), omwe amayendetsedwa ndi mapulogalamu a pa TV ngati gulu la anyani
ndikuvina mochititsa chidwi kwambiri ngati chopukusira pa No 10, zinalibe kanthu.
Cuddly wakale wakumanzere MP, a Denis Skinner, akusangalala ndi udindo wake ngati phungu wanyumba yamalamulo
mascot, anali wokondwa kukondweretsa Blair pagulu ndikudzudzula Ken 'kusakhulupirika
Labour' (mwachitsanzo, chisankho chotengera Blair ndikusiya osankhidwa asankhe). Iwo
zinalibe zotsatira. Kampeni yoyipa idapitilira motsutsana ndi New Labor
makina, kuwalekanitsa kutali ndi omwe amawatsatira. Mkazi Ken
anagonjetsa makina.
Motero
chinali chiwopsezo champhamvu chomwe chidachitika motsutsana ndi Blair Project. New Labour yalipidwa
ma spin-dotolo, osatchulanso ma weasels amizere iliyonse (ma implants a robotic
ya ulamuliro wa Mandelson-Campbell muzofalitsa) adzakhala akugwira ntchito nthawi zonse kukana
Izi ndikuyesera kutsimikizira 'vote yapakati' kuyambira pano mpaka pano
zisankho zotsatila zomwe Blair akugwira ntchito mokomera a
osowa. Enema yokondedwa kwambiri ya New Labour kwa othandizira ake mu PLP
ndipo zoulutsira nkhani ndizophatikiza zosokoneza za mbiri yakale komanso zabodza zabodza.
Koma spin yakale sikugwiranso ntchito. Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu The
Guardian pa 16 Meyi akuwonetsa kutsika kwakukulu kothandizira New Labor and in
Kutchuka kwa Blair. Conservative wonyozedwa komanso wowonjezera kwambiri
Chipani chomwe chili pansi pa utsogoleri wa khungu ndi 4 peresenti yokha kumbuyo. Izi
imatsimikizira zotsatira za zisankho zakumalo komwe a Conservatives adapeza mipando 593
ndipo adagonjetsa mizinda 16. Ogwira ntchito adataya mipando 598 ndi mizinda 15. Chifukwa chake
pakusintha uku sikunena kuti ovota a Labor adasinthana mbali. Iwo anakhala pamenepo
kunyumba potsutsa ndondomeko za capitalist ya New Labor. Njira yachitatu, a
Chida chosalongosoka chakufa. Kuyesa kwa Pulofesa Giddens kuti apereke izi
kupusa kozama kudzabweranso moyipa pa kudalirika kulikonse komwe angasunge.
Nthawizonse
popeza adalowa m'malo mwa John Smith kukhala mtsogoleri wa Labor Party, Tony Blair ndi ake
cohorts, New Labor bureaucrats, omwe masomphenya awo adachotsedwa
matope a Thatcherism, akhala akutiuza zamwambo
chikhalidwe-demokalase inatha, kuti New Labor inkayimira kupuma ndi zakale
reformism, kuti panalibe njira ina yeniyeni yosiyana ndi njira yodzala ndi miyala
ndi Margaret Thatcher ndikuti kuti apambane, New Labor imayenera kukhala a
phwando la bizinesi yaulere. Kupambana kwa Livingstone kumatsutsa chiphunzitso ichi. Zambiri
chofunika, chimatsegula chitseko kwa ena kuchita chimodzimodzi. The ndale ndi
m'maganizo zotsatira za zomwe zachitika zidzamveka pazaka zingapo zikubwerazi.
A Blair-anthu, omwe mpaka posachedwapa adatsindika kupitiriza kwawo
Thatcher ndipo adalonjeza kuti apambana 'radicalism' yake posintha chikhalidwe cha anthu
zaufulu ndi kupitiriza ndi ndondomeko yake ya privatisation: the
positi ofesi, oyang'anira ndege ndi London Underground. Kutsutsa
Izi, mamembala a chipani cha Labor adauzidwa kuti zinali zopanda pake. Panalibe njira ina. The
'Njira yachitatu' inali chigoba chosankhidwa kuti abise ufulu wadziko lonse wosaipitsidwa.
Kusagwirizana pakati pa olemera ndi osauka kwapitirira kuwonjezeka pansi pa Tony Blair.
Uku ndiye kusiyana pakati pa New Labor ndi maboma am'mbuyomu a Labor,
kuphatikizapo amene anatsogoleredwa ndi Harold Wilson. Mulingo wa chigonjetso chamasankho cha Labor
mu chisankho cha May 1997 chinadabwitsa atsogoleri ake. Iwo anali atamenyana ndi banal
kampeni, wamphamvu pakuwonetsa, wofooka pa ndale. Idatsindika kupitiriza ndi
ulamuliro wakale osati kusintha kwakukulu kulikonse. Mawonekedwe a Purezidenti a Blair
anakhudzidwa ndi Bonapartism. Chithunzi chake chinagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira ovota kuti iye sanali
wosiyana kwambiri ndi a Tories omwe adalamulira Britain kuyambira 1979 ndikuti iye
angakhale bwenzi la bizinesi yaikulu. Zinanenedwa poyera ndi Blair ndi ake
ma spin-dotolo kuti mabungwe azamalonda azisungidwa patali. Zinalinso
adanenanso kuti a Blair ndi gulu lake akufuna kuchotsa chipani cha Labor
kuchokera ku mabungwe ogwira ntchito palimodzi. Chipani chamakono, chademokalase chinalibe nthawi
mikangano yachikale. Chikhalidwe cha New Labor ndi, kwenikweni, osati chabe
kusunga momwe zinthu ziliri, koma kuziteteza monga kupindula kwa ufulu
msika ndikuumirira kuti palibe kusamvana pakati pa zofuna zamakampani ndi
za anthu ogwira ntchito. Chotsatira chake ndi chakuti kusiyana pakati pa anthu kwawonjezeka
pansi pa ulamuliro wa Blair. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti Roy Hattersley, chikhalidwe chikhalidwe
demokalase, idayamba kumveka monyanyira pomwe zonse zomwe amachita nthawi zonse
Ndime ya Guardian inali kubwereza zomwe zachitika kale pa Labor kuti zikhale zochepa
mlingo wa chikhalidwe chilungamo. Zonse zomwe 'core vote' akufuna ndi mlingo wochepa wa
Hattersley. Koma ngati Blair ayamba kuvomereza kukakamizidwa uku iye ndi wake
polojekiti ikhoza kugwa.
Momwemo
A Blair amafuna kuti boma lamgwirizano ndi Liberal Democrats likhazikitse maziko
kwa Center Party yatsopano yomwe ingathe kulamulira ndale kwa zaka makumi asanu zikubwerazi. Pa
osachepera chimenecho chinali chikhumbo, koma ambiri azisankho adapanga chikhumbo chotero a
utopia. Mwayi tsopano ukhoza kubwerezedwanso, kutsegulira malo komanso kutuluka kwa a
chatsopano, chipani chotakata cha kumanzere chomwe chimagwirizanitsa Socialists ku mtundu watsopano wa
odana ndi capitalists ndi zachilengedwe. Britain, chifukwa cha zisankho
system, ndi dziko lokhalo ku Western Europe lomwe silinawonepo a
gulu lalikulu lachisankho kumanzere kwa demokalase yakale. Chipani cha Labor
mpaka pano, yagwiritsa ntchito dongosololi kuti lisunge ulamuliro wake pa demokalase
kuyimira anthu ogwira ntchito komanso ovotera apakati. The
kukhazikitsidwa kwa mtundu wa PR ku Scotland ndi Wales kunaphwanya ulamulirowu.
The
malo amodzi omwe New Labor idapeza kuti kunali kovuta kubweza malonjezo omwe adapangidwa panthawiyi
mu Opposition anali devolution. Inali nkhani imodzi yomwe ikanabweretsa
kuthetsa mikangano ndi chidani chonse chomwe chikukulirakulira mkati mwa Labor Party. Blair ndi
kunena kuti Nyumba Yamalamulo Yatsopano ya ku Scotland idzakhala yofanana ndi a
khonsolo ya parishi inakwiyitsa kwambiri. The control-freakery adapangidwa kuti apewe
matupi atsopano kukhala ogwira mtima poonetsetsa kuti fyuluta ya New Labor
adatsekeredwa ndi kusokoneza otsutsa pa nthawi yoyambirira. Udali muyeso wopanda pake
cholinga chake chinali kuwonetsetsa kuti chilichonse chomwe chinachitika, Downing Street ikuwongolera. The
strategy backfilled. Kupambana kwa Ken Livingstone kunabwereza kupambana kwa Denis Canavan
ku Falkirk. Kumene New Labor akanatha kusokoneza zosintha zomwe analonjeza. Nyumba
ya Ambuye ikanathetsedwa kapena kusinthidwa kukhala chipinda chosankhidwa.
Blair
anasankha Nyumba ya Cronies. Ntchito Yatsopano, Ziphuphu Zakale. Ma referendum mu
Scotland ndi Wales zidasungidwa moyenerera ndipo nzika za zigawo ziwirizi zidavotera
adakhazikitsa Nyumba Yamalamulo yawo (ku Scotland) ndi Assembly (ku Wales). The Scottish
National Party (SNP) ndi Plaid Cymru adapereka chitsutso chachikulu ku New Labor
ndipo maphwando onse okonda dziko anali kumanzere kwa Blair pankhani za onse awiri
mfundo zapakhomo ndi zakunja. Ku Scotland ambiri omwe kale anali ovota a Labor adasiya
a Nationalists. Chitsanzo ku Wales chinali chomwecho. Palibe mwa awiriwo
zipani za dziko zinayambitsa kampeni yodana ndi Chingelezi. Onse awiri anatsindika kufunika
ya ku Ulaya ndi ndondomeko ya chikhalidwe cha anthu.
The
kupezeka kwa magulu awiriwa kwathetsa vuto la a
chikhalidwe-demokalase kutsutsa ndale-chuma cha New Labor. Ken
Kutsutsa kwa Livingstone kwa Blair ndiye vuto loyamba lalikulu lomwe adakumana nalo
Boma ku England. Kupambana kungathe kusintha maganizo a ndale mkati ndi
kunja kwa Labor Party. Mamembala a PLP, akuwopa kutaya mipando (monga
ambiri a iwo) akhoza kuyamba kudzizindikira okha. Ndale ku Britain zatero
kukhala osasinthasintha. Zomwe zachitika mu New Labor muofesi zawonongeka zakale
zotsimikizika. Kukhulupirika ku New Labor ndikwakhungu kochepa kwambiri kuposa kale. Chifukwa chake ndi
zosavuta. A Blairites asintha chipani chakale cha 'tchalitchi chachikulu' kukhala a
gulu la dementia. Izi ndizomwe zikufotokozera kupenga kwa zida zatsopanozi. Aliyense
kusagwirizana kwakukulu ndi kusakhulupirika, ndondomeko ina iliyonse ndi 'chifukwa chake tinali
osasankhidwa' ndipo kuyesa kulikonse kukonza Kumanzere ndikubwerera ku zakale zoyipa
masiku a chizolowezi cha Militant. Njira yokhayo yotetezera demokalase ya Labor Party inali
kuwononga konse.
A
phwando latsopano likufunika kwambiri. Mavoti apamwamba omwe a Greens apeza, zoona
kuti London Socialist Alliance (mgwirizano wamagulu ochepa a Trotskyist,
molamulidwa ndi Socialist Workers Party) adakana New Labor chigonjetso ku Camden
ndi Barnett, ndi chizindikiro cha chinachake chatsopano, ngakhale fascist ndi
kuvota kopitilira dziko lonse kudaposa kumanzere, chifukwa choyimitsa ndi
sinkhasinkha. Kukakamizidwa tsopano kukukulirakulira mkati mwa Labor Party kuti avomerezenso Ken
Livingstone. Ngati makina a Blair akukana izi amawapatula kutali
mamembala a chipani chawo. Tony Benn adanenanso kuti ngati Conservative turncoats
monga Shaun Woodward (kale apparatchik mu Conservative Central Office) ali
kulandiridwa, bwanji Livingstone. Yankho lake ndi lodziwikiratu. Kuvomerezanso Ken
kungakhale kuvomereza kuti Blair Project yalephera, chifukwa Meya wa London ali
tsopano ndi mtsogoleri wofanana ndi Tony Blair. Livingstone amalotabe
kutsogolera Party Party ndikulowa No 10 Downing Street ngati Prime Minister woyamba
tsiku. Iye amasangalala kudikira. Manyuzipepala omwe amatsutsa Livingstone, monga
Financial Times ndi The Guardian tsopano akuchita mantha, kuyesera kupanga zifukwa.
Woyambayo akunena kuti 'Britain tsopano ili m'manja mwa ndale zatsopano'.
Izi ndi zoona pang'ono.
Chani
takumanapo ndi zionetsero za ovota a Labor. Iwo sali
wokondwa ndi New Labor. Kuyesera kuti muwapindulenso poikapo ndalama zambiri
maphunziro, thanzi ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu n'zokayikitsa ntchito. Zingafune zazikulu
kuchita, monga kukonzanso maukonde a njanji, zomwe zingasangalatse
ovota, koma izi zikuwoneka ngati sizingatheke. Panthawiyi, mkati mwa Nyumba Yamalamulo
Phwando, pakukula mkwiyo ndi mantha. Aphungu akuntchito akuwopa kutaya awo
mipando pa chisankho chotsatira. Otsatira ena a Gordon Brown, Chancellor, ali
tsopano osavutikira kubisa udani wawo ndi Blair ndikumutchula kuti 'a
Thatcherite'. Ngati New Labor ikupitilizabe kutsika pamavoti, kukakamizidwa
adzamanga kuti athetse a Blair, ngakhale izi sizokayikitsa chisankho chisanachitike.