Puna: Globetrotter
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ʻO ka hopena ʻōlelo hui a nā alakaʻi o ka Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, ʻo ʻAmelika, India, Iapana a me Australia, ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka mua i ka axis pūʻali koa o kā lākou hālāwai akā ua hoʻoikaika nui i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi COVID-19. Me kekahi mau ʻāina e kū nei i ka hoʻoweliweli o ka nalu lua a i ʻole ke kolu o ka maʻi maʻi, ke kū nei nā kano ma ke ʻano he kikowaena o ka hoʻolaʻa honua wale nō akā ʻo ka diplomacy honua. ʻO ia ke kumu o ka Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), me kāna 700 miliona mau kānaka a me kāna mākeke nui, e pāʻani nei i ka hoʻokūkū kano ma waena o US, kāna mau hoa Quad a me Kina. ʻO ka nalowale i kēia pāʻani diplomatic ka mea e pono ai ke kaua pū me ke kanaka e kūʻē i ka mea maoli he paʻakikī civilization o ka maʻi maʻi COVID-19.
ʻO ka manaʻoʻiʻo o ka US i kāna mea kūʻokoʻa e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai ke koena o ka honua i ka pilikia o nā kano. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo kāna pahuhopu ponoʻī ʻo ia e hoʻopaʻa i kāna lako kano maʻi nona iho a hiki i kona hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kona heluna kanaka a laila hāʻawi wale i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā ʻāina ʻē. Ua like kēia me ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike kaulana—a i ʻole kaulana—o ke kau ʻana nā masks oxygen i loko o ka pahu depressurized o kahi mokulele: "E kau mua ʻoe iā ʻoe iho, a laila ... kōkua i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe." No laila, lawe aku i ka lāʻau lapaʻau mRNA—i hana ʻia e Moderna a me Pfizer—mai ʻAmelika a hiki i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe no nā mahina ʻeono e hiki mai ana, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa, koe wale nō kekahi mau kālā e hele ana i kāna mau hoa pili ʻEulopa a me ka ʻIseraʻela. ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka kaulahao ultra-anu ke koi a me ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kāpae i kēia mau maʻi mRNA mai ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana e ka hapa nui o Asia, ʻApelika a me Latin America. ʻO ke kolu, ʻo ka Hōʻole ʻo US a me nā ʻāina waiwai ʻē aʻe e noʻonoʻo i ka ʻae ʻana i ka dilution o nā loaʻa i loaʻa i nā hui ma o kā lākou kuleana waiwai naʻauao ma luna o nā kano. ʻOiai ke hoʻomau nei ka hana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā ʻāina he nui, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūleʻa, no ka mea, ʻaʻole e kaʻana like ʻia ka ʻike ponoʻī e hana i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e nā hui.
ʻAʻole pili wale ka hana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau akā i nā ʻano ʻano waiwai ʻē aʻe, e like me nā mea huna kālepa. ʻO ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ʻenehana kano holoʻokoʻa i ka wā o kahi maʻi ahulau ʻaʻole ia he koho kūpono. ʻO ia ke kumu i noi ai ʻo ʻApelika Hema a me India, i kākoʻo ʻia e ka lehulehu o nā ʻāina a me nā hui kīwila ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kekahi mau kuleana TRIPS ma nā kuleana kope a me nā kuleana pili, nā hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me nā patent i ka wā maʻi COVID-19. ʻO ka wānana, ua kūʻē ʻia e nā ʻāina waiwai: ka US, UK, European Union, Iapana a me Australia. Loaʻa no ka Nui ʻo Big Pharma i ke ola kanaka ʻoiai i ka wā o kahi ahulau honua.
Ua manaʻo ka honua Komohana ʻoiai ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau mRNA kiʻekiʻe e koi ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā kaulahao ultra-cold e hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻāina waiwai, e hana ke koena me Oxford-AstraZeneca a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i ka pipeline o nā ʻoihana Komohana. ʻO nā mea hana kano maʻamau ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e hana i kēia mau kano ma lalo o ka laikini mai Big Pharma. ʻO ka Serum Institute of India, ka mea hana kano nui loa o ka honua, ua hoʻopili pū me AstraZeneca no ka hana ʻana. ʻO Covishield.
No ka US, ʻo kāna kaua kano ka mālama ʻana iā Rūsia a me Kina mai ke komo ʻana i nā wahi like ʻole. Ke hoʻomau nei nā hihia COVID-19 i nā ʻāina he nui, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau Lūkia a me Kina ʻo ia ka hiki ke hāʻawi i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ka Global South, me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka Serum Institute me AstraZeneca ka pōhaku kihi i ke kaua US no ka hōʻole ʻana i nā mākeke lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Rūsia a me Kina ma Latin America, ʻEulopa, Asia a me ʻApelika.
ka hana ino ʻO ka hui o ʻEulopa ma ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ke kano i hoʻohui ʻia e ka hoʻomaha manawa o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau o AstraZeneca e nā ʻāina ʻEulopa ma muli o ka ua'ōleloʻia ka pilikia o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ke koko ma ke ʻano he hopena ʻaoʻao o ke kano. ʻOiai ua hāʻawi aku ka mea hoʻoponopono lāʻau lapaʻau ʻEulopa, European Medicines Agency (EMA), i kēia manawa a hōʻailona ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka paʻa ʻana he haʻahaʻa ka pilikia e kūʻē i nā pōmaikaʻi nui loa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka kanalua o ke kano aia ma ʻEulopa. Ua kākoʻo mua ʻia ke kano o AstraZeneca e ka World Health Organization, ka UK a me ka Mauna regulator, e like me ka EMA i hoʻoholo i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kano ma mua o kona mau pilikia. ʻO ka US Food and Drug Administration a me nā mea hoʻoponopono ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole naʻe i hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka maʻi AstraZeneca, ʻoiai ʻo ka US e paʻa ana i kahi waihona nui o kāna kano.
Me nā ʻāina he nui o EU e ʻike ana i a spurt i nā helu o nā hihia COVID-19 i kēia manawa, ua loaʻa iā Kina a me Rūsia heʻe akula i loko keia kano kano. Ke hoʻohana nei ʻo Hungary a me Serbia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau Lūkini a me Kina, me Serbia e puka mai ana kekahi o nā ʻāina me ka hapa kiʻekiʻe loa o kona poe kanaka i kano. ʻO ka EMA, ma hope o ka mua e hoʻopaʻa pōhaku i ka maʻi Sputnik V o Rūsia, ke nānā nei i kēia manawa. Akā he nui ʻAʻole kali nā ʻāina ʻEulopa i ka mea hoʻoponopono EU, i kā lākou hana kūʻokoʻa me Rusia a me Kina. Ke noi aku nei ʻo Italia hoʻomaka i ka hana ʻana iā Sputnik V kūloko.
ʻO ka US ua hoʻohana i kona ʻano e ho'āʻo e mālama i nā Lūkini a me nā Kina mai Latin America a hoʻolaha i nā kano US. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā ʻāina i makemake ʻia i ka US ua loaʻa nā koi a Pfizer i ka loaʻa ʻana o kāna kano e like me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā ʻāina e uku i ka wā maʻi maʻi. Ua ʻōlelo nā luna o ʻArgentinian "Ua koi ʻo Pfizer ma mua o ka uku maʻamau e pili ana i nā koi kīwila i waiho ʻia e nā kamaʻāina i loaʻa i nā hanana pōʻino koʻikoʻi ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana" a me ka uhi ʻana i nā pōʻino ma muli o ka "hana mālama ʻole a Pfizer ponoʻī, hoʻopunipuni, a i ʻole ka ʻino." No ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hōʻino i ka hōʻeha, ua noi ʻo Pfizer iā Argentina e hoʻohiki i kāna "waiwai aliʻi - ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻopili ai i nā waihona panakō federal, nā hale ʻelele, a i ʻole nā pūʻali koa - ma ke ʻano he koʻikoʻi." Ua haki nā kūkākūkā me Brazil ma muli o nā koi like.
Ua huli ʻo Argentina a me Brazil i Russia a me Kina no nā kano. Ua kau aku ʻo Argentina i nā kauoha no 25 miliona mau kau o ka maʻi Sputnik V. Ua wehe ʻo Argentina i ka puka i ʻAmelika Latin no Rūsia, me Sputnik V kauoha mai Mekiko, Bolivia, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Honduras a me Guatemala ma muli o nā kauoha a Argentina. Ua loaʻa iā Mexico pili nui ma ka Pākē e like me Chile. Ua ʻae ʻia ʻo Chile e like me kekahi o nā ʻāina e puka mai nei ma ke ʻano he poʻokela ma ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa wikiwiki ʻO kona poʻe, ʻoi aku ma mua o UK a me ʻAmelika i ka nui o nā poʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kēlā me kēia haneli. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau kano ka 10 miliona Sinovac doses Chile i loaʻa mai Kina.
I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hakakā ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ma Brazil he pōʻino ma lalo o kāna Pelekikena Jair Bolsonaro, me wiliwili ka nui o ka make a me kona mau halemai e kokoke ana i ka haki. Ma mua, ʻo Bolsonaro ua hoʻoheneheneʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau Pākē. Haʻaheo ka US Department of Health and Human Services i ho'ākākaʻia i kāna hōʻike makahiki 2020 pehea i hoʻohuli ai ʻo Brazil e hōʻole i ka maʻi kano COVID-19 Lūkia. Me ka ʻano hou COVID-19 i kū mai ma Brazil, hoʻopili hou He nui ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi ma mua, ua ʻike ka poʻe Brazil i ka naʻaupō o ka hoʻoholo a Bolsonaro i ka hōʻole ʻana i nā kano Kina. A hoʻopaʻi ʻia ke aupuni Berazila ka manawa kūʻai ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau mai Sinopharm, he hui aupuni o Kina, a me Sinovac, he hui biopharmaceutical ma Beijing, a komo ana i nā hoʻonohonoho hana no kēia mau kano.
ʻO ʻApelika e nana ana ma ka WHO Loaʻa i ka polokalamu COVID-19 Mea Hana (ACT)-Accelerator a me kona pou lapaau o COVAX, a me Kina a me Inia, e kii i na kano. Kū'ē i ka mea a ka US i noho ai e koi ana, ʻAʻole ma lalo o ka mana o Kina, ka papahana COVAX o WHO, akā ma lalo o ka mana o ka hui kuʻuna o ka Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations a me Gavi, ke alakaʻi hui o ka papahana, me ka Bill a me Melinda Gates Foundation e pāʻani ana i kahi kūlana outsized ma laila. Ua hōʻole ʻo COVAX i ka ʻae ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau Kina a i ʻole Lūkini a ua loaʻa pili nui ma ka lāʻau lapaʻau a AstraZeneca i laikini ʻia i ka Serum Institute. Me AstraZeneca e holo ana i nā pilikia, he 237 miliona wale nō (ʻelua mau kau no ka 118.5 miliona mau kānaka) o kāna kano Covishield e hāʻawi ʻia ma ka hopena o Mei 2021 i 142 mau ʻāina i kau inoa no ka hale COVAX. Ke hana nei ʻo Pfizer kōkua i loaʻa: he 1.2 miliona mau kau i ka hapaha mua o kēia makahiki, e pili ana i nā ʻāina e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka palekana no nā pohō ma muli o ke kano. Ma kēia wikiwiki, e kali nā ʻāina ʻilihune a hiki i 2025-26 ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o ko lākou heluna holoʻokoʻa.
Hoʻihoʻi kēia iā mākou i ka ʻōlelo Quad hou e pili ana i nā kano. ʻO ka US pāʻani eia ke uku nei o Iapana i na kano, na Inia e hana ia lakou, a ua malamaia o Rusia a me Kina mai na aina o ASEAN. ʻO ka pōʻino no ka US, nā ʻāina nui o ASEAN—Indonesia, Malaysia, Tailani—ke hoʻohana nei i nā lāʻau lapaʻau Lūkini a i ʻole Kina. Ua kauoha ʻo Indonesia ʻO 50 miliona mau kau o ka lāʻau lapaʻau Sinovac a Kina a me 60 miliona mau kau o kāna kano Sinopharm. Ua kauoha ʻo Malaysia ʻO 6.4 miliona mau kano kano o Sputnik V mai ka Gamaleya National Center of Epidemiology a me 12 miliona hou o ka lāʻau lapaʻau Sinovac. ʻAʻole paha e hoʻōki kēia mau ʻāina i kā lākou kūʻai ʻana mai Kina a me Rūsia no ka hoʻopuka ʻole ʻana o AstraZeneca i ka wā e hiki mai ana, no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā AstraZeneca i kēia manawa. hoʻokō i kāna ʻEulopa a me nā hoʻohiki ʻana o WHO.
ʻAʻole like me US, EU a me UK, nā ʻāina e like me India, Russia a me Kina mōhai nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ko lākou poʻe. E like me kaʻu palapala mamua, ka ke hoʻopaʻa nei nā ʻāina waiwai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻoiai e hōʻole ana i nā kano i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. "I kēia manawa, ua loaʻa nā mea āpau a Moderna a me 96 pakeneka o Pfizer / BioNTech e nā ʻāina waiwai," wahi a kahi hoike paʻi ʻia e People's Vaccine Alliance. no Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Bayer CEO Marijn Dekkers i loko 2013 e pili ana i ka laau ma'i ma'i? Ua'ōleloʻo ia "Ua hoʻolālā ka hui i nā lāʻau lapaʻau 'no nā poʻe maʻi o ke Komohana i hiki ke loaʻa iā ia' ʻaʻole no ka 'mākeke India.'"
E like me ka piʻi ʻana o nā helu hihia COVID-19 i kēia manawa mai Brazil, ʻEulopa a me India e hōʻike ana, e hiki mai ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o ka lehulehu. Hoʻomaopopo nā ʻāina a makemake lākou e lawe i nā kano mai ka mea i mākaukau e hāʻawi iā lākou, a ma nā kumukūʻai kūpono. Hōʻike wale ia i ka naʻaupō ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka US a me kāna mau hoa pili e manaʻoʻiʻo nei i ka hoʻomāinoino ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau Lūkia a me Kina me ka hoʻi ʻana i ka ʻōlelo Cold War i lawa no ka poʻe e kali mau loa no ka "kiʻekiʻe" o ke Komohana, ʻo ia hoʻi i nā kumukūʻai pāpā. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o India a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ka Global South me kahi kulekele ʻē aʻe o ka mana kūʻokoʻa ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana iā lākou iho i ka ʻike o ka US no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o Kina. ʻO ka hakakā ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi koi e hui like nā lāhui a pau ma mua o ka pāʻani ʻana i ka pāʻani zero-sum e hoʻoholo ai i ka mea lanakila a me ka mea e pio kekahi me kekahi.
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