A cikin wata babbar kasida a mujallar The Guardian, John Pilger ya kwatanta Afghanistan tun bayan ‘yantar da ta daga Taliban, wanda ya yi fim dinsa na sabon shirinsa mai suna ‘Breaking the Silence’. Baya ga yancin ra'ayi, kadan ya canza. Shugabannin yakin da Amurka ta dora a kan karagar mulki sun yi muni kamar na Taliban, suna ta'addanci ga daukacin al'ummomi, tare da tabbatar da cewa kashi 90 cikin XNUMX na matan Afganistan sun ci gaba da zalunta, kuma alkawurran taimakon sake gina kasashen yammacin Turai sun kasance alkawuran banza.
A taron jam'iyyar Labour bayan harin na ranar 11 ga Satumba, Tony Blair ya ce cikin abin tunawa: "Ga al'ummar Afghanistan, mun yi wannan alkawari. Ba za mu yi tafiya ba... Idan gwamnatin Taliban ta canza, za mu yi aiki tare da ku don tabbatar da wanda zai gaje shi ya kasance wanda ke da fadi, wanda ya hada dukkanin kabilu tare da samar da wata hanya ta fita daga kangin talauci da ke cikin halin kunci." Yana mai cewa George Bush, wanda ya ce kwanaki kadan da suka gabata: “Al’ummar Afghanistan da ake zalunta za su san karimcin Amurka da kawayenta. Yayin da muke kai hari kan wuraren da sojoji ke kai hari, za mu kuma watsar da abinci, magunguna da kayayyaki zuwa ga yunwa da wahala maza da mata da yara na Afghanistan. Amurka kawa ce ga mutanen Afghanistan."
Kusan duk maganar da suka yi karya ce. Sanarwar da suka yi na nuna damuwa ta kasance munanan zato ne da suka shirya hanyar mamaye kasashen Afghanistan da Iraki. Kamar yadda mamayewar Anglo-Amurka ba bisa ka'ida ba a Iraki yanzu ya bayyana, bala'in da aka manta da shi a Afghanistan, "nasara" na farko a cikin "yakin da ta'addanci", watakila wata shaida ce mai ban tsoro ga iko.
Ita ce ziyarara ta farko. A cikin rayuwata da nake bi ta wuraren tashin hankali, ban ga wani abu makamancin haka ba. Kabul ta hango Dresden bayan 1945, tare da tarkace maimakon tituna, inda mutane ke zaune a cikin gine-ginen da suka ruguje, kamar wadanda girgizar kasa ta shafa suna jiran ceto. Ba su da haske da zafi; gobarar su ta ƙonawa cikin dare. Da kyar katangar ta tsaya wacce ba ta da alamun aljihun kusan kowane nau'in makami. Motoci suna kwance suna ɗagawa a zagayawa. Sandunan wutar lantarki da aka gina don ayarin motocin bas na zamani suna murɗe su kamar faifan takarda. Motocin bas din suna jibge a saman junansu, suna tunawa da dala na injuna da Khmer Rouge ya gina don nuna alamar Shekarar Zero.
Akwai ma'anar Shekarar Zero a Afghanistan. Sawuna ya sake maimaita babban gidan sarauta na Dilkusha, wanda aka gina a cikin 1910 zuwa wani zane na wani ɗan Biritaniya, wanda aka yi bikin da'irar madauwari da ginshiƙan Korinti da faifan dutse na jirage biyu. Yanzu rugujewar kogon ne inda yara masu sirara-kura suke fitowa kamar kananan fatalwa, suna ba da katunan kasidu masu launin rawaya na abin da ya yi kama da shekaru 30 da suka gabata: tarin tarin banza a karshen abin da watakila ya zama kwafin Kantin sayar da kayayyaki, mai tutoci da bishiyoyi. . A karkashin matakin da aka share din akwai jini da naman mutane biyu da wani bam ya tashi a jiya. Su waye? Wanene ya dasa bam? A kasar da ke fama da masu fada-a-ji, da yawa daga cikinsu suna hada kai da ta'addanci, tambayar da kanta ita ce ta gaskiya.
Tsawon yadi ɗari, maza sanye da shuɗi suna tafiya da ƙarfi cikin fayil ɗaya: masu share ma'adana. Nakiyoyi kamar sharar gida ne a nan, ana kashewa da raunata, ana ƙididdige su, kowace sa'a ta kowace rana. Kishiyar abin da yake babban gidan sinima na Kabul kuma a yau shine harsashi na zane-zane, akwai wurin aiki mai cike da aiki tare da fastoci masu gargadin cewa bama-bamai da ba a fashe ba "rawaya da daga Amurka" suna kusa. Yara suna wasa a nan, suna korar juna cikin inuwa. Wani matashi ne ke kallonsu da kututture da wani bangare na fuskarsa a bace. A cikin karkara, har yanzu mutane suna rikita gungun gwangwani da kayan agaji na rawaya da jiragen Amurka suka jefa kusan shekaru biyu da suka gabata, a lokacin yakin, bayan da Bush ya hana ayarin agajin kasa da kasa tsallakawa daga Pakistan.
An kashe fiye da dala biliyan 10 a Afganistan tun daga ranar 7 ga Oktoban 2001, yawancinsu na Amurka. Fiye da kashi 80 cikin XNUMX na wannan ya biya kudin bam a kasar da kuma biyan shugabannin yakin, tsohon mojahedin da suka kira kansu "Arewa Alliance". Amurkawa sun baiwa kowane shugaban yakin dubun dubatan daloli na tsabar kudi da manyan motocin yaki. "Muna tuntuɓar kowane kwamandan da za mu iya," wani jami'in CIA ya gaya wa Wall Street Journal yayin yakin. Wato sun ba su cin hanci da rashawa don su daina yakar juna da kuma yakar Taliban.
Waɗannan su ne manyan hafsoshin yaƙi waɗanda, bayan da Rasha ta bar ƙasar a shekara ta 1989, suka tarwatsa birnin, inda suka kashe fararen hula 50,000, rabinsu a cikin shekara ɗaya, 1994, a cewar Human Rights Watch. Godiya ga Amurkawa, an ba da ingantaccen iko na Afganistan ga galibin mafiosi guda ɗaya da sojojinsu masu zaman kansu, waɗanda ke mulki ta hanyar tsoro, kwace da sarrafa cinikin poppy opium wanda ke baiwa Biritaniya da kashi 90% na tabar heroin a titi. Gwamnatin bayan Taliban wata facade ce; ba ta da kudi kuma da kyar da rubuce-rubucen ta ke zuwa kofar birnin Kabul, duk da irin yadda ake gudanar da zaben demokradiyya kamar zaben shekara mai zuwa. Omar Zakhilwal, jami'i a ma'aikatar kula da yankunan karkara, ya shaida min cewa gwamnati na samun kasa da kashi 20% na taimakon da ake kai wa Afghanistan - "Ba ma da isassun kudaden da za mu iya biyan albashi, balle a yi shirin sake ginawa." Yace. Shugaba Harmid Karzai ya kasance mamba a birnin Washington wanda ba ya zuwa ko'ina ba tare da mallakar jami'an tsaronsa na musamman na Amurka ba.
A cikin jerin rahotanni masu ban mamaki, na baya-bayan nan da aka buga a watan Yuli, Human Rights Watch ta tattara bayanan ta'addanci "wanda 'yan bindiga da masu fada-a-ji suka yi wadanda Amurka da kawayenta na kawance suka tura su kan mulki bayan da Taliban ta fadi a 2001" da kuma wadanda suka yi "da gaske. sun sace kasar." Rahoton ya bayyana dakarun soji da na ‘yan sanda da ke karkashin ikon mayakan na garkuwa da mutanen kauyen ba tare da hukunta su ba tare da tsare su domin neman kudin fansa a gidajen yari da ba na hukuma ba; yawaitar fyade ga mata da ‘yan mata da maza; kwace na yau da kullun, fashi da kisa ba gaira ba dalili. An kona makarantun ‘yan mata. Rahoton ya ce, “Saboda sojoji suna kai wa mata da ‘yan mata hari, da yawa suna zama a gida, yana sa ba za su iya zuwa makaranta [ko] zuwa aiki ba.”
A yammacin birnin Herat, alal misali, ana kama mata idan sun tuka mota; an hana su tafiya da wani mutum da ba dangi, ko da direban tasi maras alaka. Idan aka kama su, za a yi musu “gwajin tsafta”, suna lalata ayyukan jinya masu daraja, in ji Human Rights Watch, “mata da ‘yan mata kusan ba su da damar shiga, musamman a Herat, inda kasa da kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari na mata ke haihuwa. tare da ƙwararren ma’aikaci”. Adadin mace-macen mata masu haihuwa shine mafi yawa a duniya a cewar Unicef. Herat dai yana karkashin jagorancin Jarumi Ismail Khan ne, wanda sakataren tsaron Amurka Donald Rumsfeld ya amince da shi a matsayin "mutumin da ya fi daukar hankali…
"A karo na karshe da muka hadu a wannan dakin," in ji George Bush a cikin jawabinsa na kungiyar a bara, "mata da 'ya'yan Afghanistan sun kasance fursuna a cikin gidajensu, an hana su aiki ko zuwa makaranta. A yau, mata suna da 'yanci, kuma suna cikin sabuwar gwamnatin Afghanistan. Kuma muna maraba da sabuwar ministar harkokin mata, Dr Sima Samar." Wata 'yar karamar mace mai matsakaicin shekaru sanye da gyale ta tsaya ta karb'a ta karb'a. Likitan da ya ƙi yarda da magani ga mata a cikin shekarun Taliban, Samar alama ce ta gaskiya ta juriya, wanda Bush mara kyau ya ba da ɗan gajeren lokaci. A cikin watan Disamba na 2001, Samar ya halarci taron "taron zaman lafiya" da Washington ta dauki nauyin gudanarwa a Bonn inda aka nada Karzai a matsayin shugaban kasa da uku daga cikin manyan mayakan yaki a matsayin mataimakan shugaban kasa. (Shugaban yakin Uzbekistan Janar Rashid Dostum, wanda ake zargi da azabtarwa da kuma kashe fursunoni, a halin yanzu shi ne ministan tsaro.) Samar na daya daga cikin mata biyu a majalisar ministocin Karzai.
Ba a jima da tafawa a Majalisa ta mutu ba, aka yi wa Samar tuwo a kwarya da tuhume-tuhume na karya da kuma tilasta masa fita. Shugabannin yakin, wadanda suka sha bamban da ’yan Taliban kawai a alakarsu da kabilanci da addininsu, ba su yarda ko da wata alama ta ‘yantar da mata ba.
Yau Samar na zaune cikin fargabar rayuwarta. Tana da masu gadi biyu masu ban tsoro da makamai masu sarrafa kansu. Daya tana kofar ofis dinta, daya a bakin gate dinta. Tana tafiya cikin wata bakar mota. Ta ce da ni: “Shekaru 23 da suka wuce, ban tsira ba, amma ban taba boyewa ko tafiya da ‘yan bindiga ba, wanda dole ne in yi a yanzu… Babu wata doka a hukumance da za ta hana mata zuwa makaranta da aiki. ; babu wata doka game da tufafin tufafi. Amma gaskiyar magana ita ce, ko a karkashin Taliban babu matsin lamba ga mata a yankunan karkara da ake da su yanzu."
Wataƙila mulkin wariyar launin fata ya ƙare a bisa doka, amma kusan kashi 90% na matan Afghanistan, waɗannan “gyare-gyare” - kamar kafa ma'aikatar mata a Kabul - kaɗan ne kawai na fasaha. Burka har yanzu yana ko'ina. Kamar yadda Samar ya ce, halin da matan karkara ke fama da shi ya fi zama a halin yanzu saboda 'yan Taliban masu tsattsauran ra'ayi sun yi mu'amala da fyade, kisa da kuma fashi da makami. Ba kamar yau ba, yana yiwuwa a yi tafiya cikin aminci a yawancin ƙasar.
A wata masana'antar takalmi da aka jefa bama-bamai a yammacin Kabul, na tarar da jama'ar kauyuka biyu sun yi makil a kan benaye da ba su da haske kuma da famfo guda daya. Yara ƙanana sun tsugunna a kusa da buɗe wuta a kan tarkace: ranar da ta gabata, yaro ya faɗi ga mutuwa; a ranar da na zo sai wani yaro ya fado ya ji munanan raunuka. Abincin su shine gurasar da aka tsoma a cikin shayi. Idanun na mujiya na firgita ne na 'yan gudun hijira. Sun yi gudun hijira ne a can, in ji su, saboda a kai-a kai ne sarakunan yaki suka yi musu fashi tare da yin garkuwa da matansu da ’ya’yansu mata da ’ya’yansu maza, wadanda sukan yi musu fyade tare da mayar musu da su.
"A lokacin Taliban muna zaune a makabarta, amma mun kasance cikin kwanciyar hankali," in ji wata mai fafutuka, Marina, ta gaya min. “Wasu mutane ma sun ce sun fi su. Haka lamarin yake a yau. Wataƙila dokokin sun canza, amma mata ba sa barin gidajensu ba tare da burka ba, wanda muke sakawa sosai don kare mu. ”
Marina babbar mamba ce a kungiyar Rawa, kungiyar juyin juya hali ta matan Afganistan, kungiyar jarumar da ta kwashe tsawon shekaru tana kokarin fadakar da kasashen waje irin radadin da matan Afganistan ke sha. Matan Rawa sun yi tafiya a asirce a duk fadin kasar, tare da boye kyamarori a karkashin burkansu. Sun dauki hoton yadda 'yan Taliban ke aiwatar da hukuncin kisa da sauran cin zarafi, tare da safarar faifan bidiyonsu zuwa yamma. "Mun kai shi ga kungiyoyin watsa labarai daban-daban," in ji Marina. "Reuters, ABC Ostiraliya, alal misali, kuma sun ce, eh, yana da kyau sosai, amma ba za mu iya nuna shi ba saboda yana da matukar girgiza mutane a yamma." A gaskiya ma, an nuna kisa a ƙarshe a cikin wani shiri na watsa shirye-shirye ta Channel 4.
Wato kafin 11 ga Satumba 2001, lokacin da Bush da kafofin watsa labarai na Amurka suka gano batun mata a Afghanistan. Ta ce shirun da kasashen yamma ke yi a halin yanzu kan irin muguwar dabi’ar mulkin shugaban yakin da yammacin turai ke yi ba shi da bambanci. Mun hadu a asirce, ita kuma ta saka mayafi don bata sunan ta. Marina ba sunanta ba ne.
"An kashe 'yan mata biyu da suka je makaranta ba tare da bukka ba, sannan an ajiye gawarwakinsu a kofar gidajensu," in ji ta. “A watan da ya gabata, mata 35 ne suka tsallake rijiya da baya tare da ‘ya’yansu, kuma suka mutu, don kawai kubutar da kansu daga hannun kwamandojin da ke fuskantar matsalar fyade. Wato Afghanistan a yau; ’Yan Taliban da shugabannin yakin kawancen Arewa, fuskoki biyu ne na tsabar kudi. Ga Amurka, labari ne na Frankenstein - kuna yin dodo kuma dodo yana gaba da ku. Idan da a ce Amurka ba ta gina wadannan jagororin yaki ba, Osama bin Laden da dukkan dakarun ‘yan tsagera a Afghanistan a lokacin da Rasha ta mamaye, da ba za su kai wa maigida hari a ranar 11 ga Satumba 2001 ba.
Bala'in Afganistan ya misalta iyakar ikon yammacin duniya - cewa ana ɗaukar ƙasashen duniya na uku kuma ana magance su sosai dangane da amfaninsu ga "mu". Rashin tausayi da munafunci da wannan ke buƙata an buga shi a tarihin zamani na Afghanistan. Daya daga cikin sirrin yakin sanyin shi ne yadda Amurka da Birtaniyya suka hada kai da jagororin yaki, mojahedin, da kuma muhimmiyar rawar da suka taka wajen karfafa jihadin da ya haifar da Taliban, al-Qaida da kuma ranar 11 ga Satumba.
"Bisa ga ra'ayi na tarihi," Zbigniew Brzezinski, mashawarcin Shugaba Carter kan harkokin tsaro, ya yarda a cikin wata hira a 1998, "Taimakon CIA ga mojahedin ya fara ne a cikin 1980, wato, bayan da sojojin Soviet suka mamaye Afghanistan ... Amma gaskiya, a asirce har zuwa yanzu, gaba daya akasin haka.” A roƙon Brzezinski, a cikin Yuli 1979 Carter ya ba da izinin dala miliyan 500 don taimakawa kafa abin da ke ainihin ƙungiyar ta'addanci. Manufar ita ce ta jawo Moscow, sannan ta damu da yaduwar tsatstsauran ra'ayin Islama a cikin Tarayyar Soviet ta tsakiyar Asiya, cikin "tarkon" na Afganistan, tushen yaduwa.
Tsawon shekaru 17, Washington ta zuba dala biliyan 4 a cikin aljihun wasu mazaje mafi muni a duniya - tare da manufar gajiyarwa da kuma lalata Tarayyar Soviet a yakin banza. Daya daga cikinsu, Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, wani sarkin yaki musamman da hukumar leken asiri ta CIA ke yi, ya karbi dubun dubatan daloli. Kwarewarsa shine fataucin opium da kuma jefa acid a fuskokin matan da suka ki sanya mayafi. A cikin 1994, ya amince ya daina kai hari Kabul bisa sharadin cewa ya zama firaminista - wanda shi ne.
Shekaru takwas da suka gabata, darektan CIA William Casey, ya ba da goyon bayansa ga shirin da hukumar leken asirin Pakistan, ISI, ta gabatar, na daukar mutane daga sassa daban-daban na duniya don shiga cikin jihadin Afghanistan. Sama da mayakan Islama 100,000 ne aka horar da su a Pakistan a tsakanin 1986 zuwa 1992, a sansanonin da CIA da MI6 ke kula da su, tare da horar da mayakan Al-Qaida da Taliban nan gaba a fannin sarrafa bama-bamai da sauran fasahar bakaken fata. An horar da shugabanninsu a sansanin CIA da ke Virginia. Wannan shi ake kira Operation Cyclone kuma ya ci gaba da dadewa bayan Soviets sun janye a 1989.
Lord Curzon, mataimakin Indiya a shekara ta 1898, ya ce: "Na yarda cewa [ƙasashe] guntu ne a kan allo, wanda ake buga babban wasa don mamayar duniya." Brzezinski, mai ba da shawara ga shugabanni da yawa kuma guru da ƙungiyar Bush ke sha'awar, ya rubuta kusan waɗannan kalmomi. A cikin littafinsa The Grand Chessboard: American Primacy And Its Geostrategic Imperatives, ya rubuta cewa, mabuɗin mamaye duniya shi ne tsakiyar Asiya, tare da matsayinta na dabaru tsakanin masu fafutuka da kuma arzikin mai da iskar gas. "Don sanya shi a cikin kalmomi da ke komawa baya ga mafi munin zamanin daular daular," in ji shi, daya daga cikin "babban abubuwan da ake bukata na tsarin mulki na mulkin mallaka" shine "a hana barasa haduwa tare".
Binciken toka na Tarayyar Soviet ya taimaka wajen lalata, guru ya yi tunani fiye da sau ɗaya: To, idan duk wannan ya haifar da "'yan kaɗan sun tayar da Musulmai" fa? A ranar 11 ga Satumba, 2001, “waɗansu ne suka ta da Musulmi” suka ba da amsar. Kwanan nan na yi hira da Brzezinski a Washington, kuma ya musanta cewa dabararsa ce ta sa al-Qaida ta hauhawa: ya dora laifin ta'addanci a kan Rashawa.
Lokacin da Tarayyar Soviet ta ruguje a ƙarshe, an mika allon darasi ga gwamnatin Clinton. Sabon maye gurbi na mojahedin, Taliban, yanzu ya mulki Afghanistan. A shekara ta 1997, jami'an ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Amurka da shuwagabannin kamfanin mai na Union Oil Company of California (Unocal) sun yi wa shugabannin Taliban nishadi cikin basira a Washington da Houston, Texas. An yi musu nishadi sosai, tare da liyafar cin abinci a gidaje masu alfarma a Houston. Sun nemi a kai su sayayya a wani tashar Walmart sannan a kai su wuraren yawon bude ido, ciki har da Cibiyar Sararin Samaniya ta Kennedy da ke Florida da kuma Dutsen Rushmore a Kudancin Dakota, inda suka kalli fuskokin shugabannin Amurkan da aka harba a cikin dutsen. Jaridar Wall Street Journal, bulletin ikon Amurka, ta fitar da cewa, "Taliban su ne 'yan wasan da suka fi iya samun zaman lafiya a Afghanistan a wannan lokaci a tarihi."
A cikin Janairun 1997, wani jami'in ma'aikatar harkokin waje ya shaida wa manema labarai a cikin wani taron sirri cewa ana fatan Afghanistan za ta zama mai kariyar mai, "kamar Saudi Arabia". An nuna masa cewa, Saudiyya ba ta da dimokuradiyya, ta kuma tsananta mata. "Za mu iya rayuwa da hakan," in ji shi.
Manufar Amurka yanzu ita ce fahimtar shekaru 60 na "mafarki" na gina bututu daga tsohon Soviet Caspian a fadin Afghanistan zuwa tashar ruwa mai zurfi. An bai wa Taliban cent 15 akan kowane cubic feet na iskar gas da ta ratsa ta Afghanistan. Kodayake waɗannan shekarun Clinton ne, tura yarjejeniyar sune "manyan man fetur da iskar gas" wanda zai mamaye gwamnatin George W Bush nan da nan. Sun hada da tsofaffin mambobin majalisar ministoci uku na George Bush, irin su mataimakin shugaban kasa na yanzu, Dick Cheney, mai wakiltar kamfanonin mai tara, da Condoleezza Rice, mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tsaro a yanzu, a lokacin daraktan Chevron-Texaco mai alhakin Pakistan da tsakiya. Asiya.
Toshe albasa daga wannan sai ka ga Bush babba a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga babbar kungiyar Carlyle Group, wanda kamfanoni 164 suka kware a fannin mai da iskar gas da bututun mai da makamai. Abokan cinikinsa sun haɗa da wani hamshakin attajiri na Saudiyya, wato Bin Laden. (A cikin kwanaki na harin 11 ga Satumba, an ba iyalan Bin Laden izinin barin Amurka cikin sirri.)
Bututun "mafarkin" ya dushe lokacin da aka kai harin bama-bamai a ofisoshin jakadancin Amurka biyu a gabashin Afirka kuma aka zargi al-Qaida da alaka da Afghanistan. Amfanin Taliban ya kare; sun zama abin kunya da kashewa. A cikin Oktoba 2001, Amurkawa sun sake jefa bama-bamai a cikin ikon tsofaffin abokan yakinsu, "Arewa Alliance". A yau, tare da "yantar da Afghanistan", bututun yana ci gaba da gudana, wanda jakadan Amurka a Afghanistan, John J Maresca, tsohon na Unocal ke kula da shi.
Tun bayan da ta hambarar da kungiyar Taliban, Amurka ta kafa sansanoni 13 a cikin tsoffin kasashe tara na tsakiyar Asiya na Tarayyar Soviet wadanda makwabta ne masu arzikin albarkatu na Afghanistan. A duk faɗin duniya, yanzu akwai kasancewar sojojin Amurka a ƙofar kowace babbar hanyar samar da mai. Ubangiji Curzon ba zai taba gane babban wasansa ba. Shi ne abin da US Space Command ya kira "cikakken rinjaye bakan".
Daga faffadan ginin da Tarayyar Soviet ta gina a Bagram, kusa da Kabul, Amurka ce ke sarrafa hanyar da za ta kai ga wadatar Caspian Basin. Amma, kamar yadda yake a wancan mamaya, wato Iraki, komai ba ya tafiya yadda ya kamata. "Muna harbi a duk lokacin da muka tashi daga tushe," in ji Colonel Rod Davis. "A gare mu, wannan yanki ne na yaƙi a can."
Na ce masa, “Amma shugaba Bush ya ce ka ‘yantar da Afghanistan. Me ya sa mutane za su harbe ka?”
"Abokina masu adawa suna ko'ina."
"Shin abin mamaki ne, lokacin da kuke goyon bayan shugabannin yaki masu kisan kai?" Na amsa.
"Muna kiran su gwamnonin yanki." (A matsayinsu na "gwamnonin yanki", masu fada-a-ji irin su Ismail Khan a Herat ana daukarsu a matsayin wani bangare na gwamnatin Karzai ta kasa - rashin jin dadi. Karzai ya roki Khan da ya saki miliyoyin daloli na harajin kwastam.)
Yakin da ya kori Taliban bai daina ba. Sojojin Amurka dubu goma suna jibge a wurin; suna fita a cikin jirage masu saukar ungulu da Humvees suna fasa kogo a cikin tsaunuka ko kuma su kai hari wani kauye, yawanci a kudu maso gabas. 'Yan Taliban suna dawowa a cikin yankin Pashtun da kuma kan iyaka da Pakistan. Ba a san matakin yaƙin da kansa ba; Masu magana da yawun Amurka irinsu Kanar Davis ne majiyoyin rahotannin da ke cewa "dakarun Amurka sun kashe mayakan Taliban 50". Afganistan a yanzu tana da hatsarin gaske wanda kusan ba zai yiwu 'yan jarida su gano hakan ba.
Cibiyar gudanar da ayyukan Amurka yanzu ita ce “wurin rikewa” a Bagram, inda ake kai wadanda ake zargi da yi musu tambayoyi. Tsofaffin fursunoni biyu, Abdul Jabar da Hakkim Shah, sun shaida wa jaridar New York Times a watan Maris cewa fursunoni 100 ne aka sanya su a rufa-rufa, aka daga hannayensu sama da sarka a saman rufi, an daure kafafunsu, ba su iya yin motsi na sa'o'i a gidan yari. lokaci, dare da rana". Daga nan, ana jigilar da yawa zuwa sansanin taro a Guantanamo Bay.
An hana su duk wani hakki. An ba wa kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross damar duba wani bangare na "kayan aikin riko" kawai; An hana Amnesty shiga baki daya. A cikin watan Afrilun bara, wani direban tasi na Kabul, Wasir Mohammad, wanda na yi hira da iyalinsa, ya "bayya" cikin Bagram bayan da ya yi tambaya a wani shingen hanya game da inda wani abokinsa da aka kama yake. Tuni aka sako abokin, amma yanzu Mohammad yana cikin keji a Guantanamo Bay. Wani tsohon ministan cikin gida a gwamnatin Karzai ya gaya mani cewa Mohammad yana wurin da bai dace ba a lokacin da bai dace ba: "Ba shi da laifi." Haka kuma, yana da tarihin tsayawa tsayin daka ga Taliban. Akwai yiyuwar an yi garkuwa da da yawa daga cikin wadanda ake tsare da su a Bagram da Guantanamo Bay don neman kudin fansa da Amurkawa ke biyan wadanda ake zargi.
Me ya sa, na tambayi Kanar Davis, shin mutanen da ke cikin "gidaje" ba a ba su ainihin haƙƙin da zai yi tsammani ba a matsayin Ba'amurke da sojojin kasashen waje suka kama. Ya amsa da cewa: "Batun fursunonin yaki hanya ce ta hagu mai nisa ko dama dangane da ra'ayinku." Wannan ita ce duniyar Kafkaesque da Bush ta Amurka ta buga a kan abubuwan da aka samu kwanan nan ga daularta, na gaske da kuma kama-karya, tasowa a kan sababbin tarkace a wuraren da ba a ba da ran ɗan adam darajar daidai da waɗanda suka halaka a Ground Zero a New York. Daya daga cikin irin wadannan wurare shi ne wani kauye mai suna Bibi Mahru, wanda wani Ba’amurke F16 ya kai wa hari kusan shekaru biyu da suka wuce a lokacin yakin. Matukin jirgin ya jefa bam na MK82 "daidaici" mai nauyin kilo 500 a kan wani gidan laka da dutse, inda Orifa da mijinta, Gul Ahmed, mai sakar kafet, ke zaune. Bam din ya kashe duka, ban da Orifa da dansu guda - 'yan gidanta takwas, ciki har da 'ya'ya shida. An kashe yara biyu a gida na gaba, suma.
Fuskarta cike da bacin rai da bacin rai, Orifa ta ba ni labarin yadda aka shimfida gawarwakin a gaban masallacin, da irin mugun halin da ta same su. Ta yi la'asar tana tattara sassan jikin, "sannan ta yi jaka ta sanya musu suna don a binne su daga baya". Ta ce tawagar Amurkawa 11 ne suka zo suka duba ramin da gidanta ya tsaya. Sun lura da lambobin da ke kan shrapnel kuma kowanne yayi hira da ita. Mai fassara nasu ya ba ta ambulan mai dala $15. Bayan haka, Rita Lasar, 'yar New York, wacce ta rasa dan uwanta a cikin Hasumiyar Tagwaye, ta kai ta ofishin jakadancin Amurka da ke Kabul, kuma ta tafi Afganistan don nuna rashin amincewa da harin bam din da kuma jajantawa wadanda abin ya shafa. A lokacin da Orifa ta yi kokarin mika wasika ta kofar ofishin jakadanci, sai aka ce mata, “Tafi, bara.”
A watan Mayun bara ne dai jaridar Guardian ta wallafa sakamakon binciken da Jonathan Steele ya yi. Ya karkare da cewa, baya ga 'yan kasar Afganistan kimanin 8,000 da bama-bamai na Amurka suka kashe, akwai kuma wasu 20,000 da suka mutu sakamakon harin da Bush ya kai a kaikaice, ciki har da wadanda suka tsere daga gidajensu da aka hana su agajin gaggawa a tsakiyar fari. Daga cikin manyan rikice-rikicen jin kai na 'yan shekarun nan, babu wata kasa da aka taimaka kasa da Afghanistan. Bosnia, mai kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na al'ummar ƙasar, ta karɓi dala 356 ga kowane mutum; Afghanistan na samun dala 42 ga kowane mutum. Kashi 3 cikin 84 na duk taimakon da ake kashewa a Afganistan an yi shi ne don sake ginawa; “Haɗin kai” na soja da Amurka ke jagoranta ya kai kashi 35%, sauran kuma taimakon gaggawa ne. A watan Maris din da ya gabata, Karzai ya tashi zuwa birnin Washington domin neman karin kudi. An yi masa alkawarin karin kudi daga masu zuba jari na Amurka masu zaman kansu. Daga cikin wannan, dala miliyan XNUMX za ta samar da otal mai tauraro biyar. Kamar yadda Bush ya ce, "Mutanen Afghanistan za su san karimcin Amurka da kawayenta."
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