A cikin 1935, an gudanar da taron Marubuta na Amurka a birnin New York, sannan kuma bayan shekaru biyu. Sun yi kira ga daruruwan mawaka, marubuta, ’yan wasan kwaikwayo, masu sukar labarai, marubutan labarai da ’yan jarida da su tattauna ‘kargujewar jari-hujja cikin sauri’ da kuma kiran wani yaki. Abubuwan da suka faru na lantarki ne wanda a cewar wani asusun, mutane 3,500 na jama'a sun halarci tare da fiye da dubu daya.
Arthur Miller, Myra Page, Lillian Hellman, Dashiell Hammett ya yi gargadin cewa farkisanci yana tashi, sau da yawa a ɓoye, kuma alhakin yana kan marubuta da 'yan jarida don yin magana. An karanta tayoyin tallafi na Thomas Mann, John Steinbeck, Ernest Hemingway, C Day Lewis, Upton Sinclair da Albert Einstein.
'Yar jarida kuma marubuciya Martha Gellhorn ta yi magana game da marasa gida da marasa aikin yi, da kuma 'dukkan mu a karkashin inuwar tashin hankali mai girma'.
Martha, wadda ta zama ƙawa ta kud da kud, ta gaya mini daga baya a kan gilashinta na Famous Grouse da soda: 'Hakki da nake ji a matsayina na ɗan jarida yana da girma. Na ga irin zalunci da wahala da Bacin rai ya yi, kuma na san, duk mun san abin da ke zuwa idan ba a karye ba.'
Kalmominta sun yi daidai da shuru a yau: shuru ne da ke cike da haɗin kai na farfaganda wanda ke gurɓata kusan duk abin da muke karantawa, gani da ji. Bari in ba ku misali guda:
A ranar 7 ga Maris, manyan jaridu biyu a Ostiraliya, Sydney Morning Herald da The Age, sun buga shafuka da yawa kan 'barazanar da ke kunno kai' na kasar Sin. Sun yi launin ruwan Tekun Pasifik ja. Idanun Sinawa sun kasance masu fada-a-ji, a kan tafiya da ban tsoro. Hatsarin Yellow yana gab da faɗuwa kamar da nauyin nauyi.
Ba a bayar da wani dalili na hankali ba na harin da China ta kai wa Ostireliya. Tawagar kwararrun ba ta gabatar da wata sahihiyar shaida ba: daya daga cikinsu tsohon darektan Cibiyar Dabarun Dabarun Australiya ne, gaban Ma'aikatar Tsaro a Canberra, Pentagon a Washington, gwamnatocin Burtaniya, Japan da Taiwan da na yamma. yakin masana'antu.
"Beijing na iya kai hari cikin shekaru uku," in ji su. 'Ba mu shirya ba.' Za a kashe biliyoyin daloli kan jiragen ruwa na nukiliya na Amurka, amma da alama hakan bai isa ba. 'Bikin Ostiraliya daga tarihi ya ƙare': duk abin da hakan ke nufi.
Babu wata barazana ga Ostiraliya, babu. Kasa mai nisa, ba ta da abokan gaba, ko kadan daga kasar Sin, babbar abokiyar ciniki. Duk da haka China-bashin da ke jawo tarihin nuna wariyar launin fata zuwa Asiya ta zama wani abu na wasanni don 'yan kwararrun' '. Menene Sinawa-Ostiraliya suka yi da wannan? Mutane da yawa sun ruɗe da tsoro.
Marubutan wannan babban guntun kare-bushi da rashin jin daɗin ikon Amurka su ne Peter Hartcher da Matthew Knott, 'masu rahotannin tsaro na ƙasa' Ina tsammanin ana kiran su. Na tuna Hartcher daga jauntun gwamnatin Isra'ila da ya biya. Ɗayan, Knott, shine mai magana ga kwat da wando a Canberra. Haka kuma ba a taba ganin yankin da ake yaki da wuce gona da iri na wulakanta mutane da wahala ba.
'Yaya akayi hakan?' Martha Gellhorn za ta ce idan tana nan. 'Ina duniya ne muryoyin ke cewa a'a? Ina kawancen?'
Ana jin muryoyin a cikin samizdat na wannan gidan yanar gizon da sauransu. A cikin adabi, irin su John Steinbeck, Carson McCullers, George Orwell ba su daɗe. Bayan zamani ne ke da iko a yanzu. Masu sassaucin ra'ayi sun ɗaga matakan siyasa. Dimokuradiyyar zamantakewar al'umma da ta taɓa kasancewa, Ostiraliya, ta ƙaddamar da sabon gidan yanar gizo na sabbin dokoki da ke kare sirri, ikon iko da hana 'yancin sani. Masu tsegumi haramun ne, don a gwada su a asirce. Wata muguwar doka ta hana 'tsangwamar' kasashen waje' daga wadanda ke aiki da kamfanonin kasashen waje. Menene ma'anar wannan?
Dimokuradiyya ta kasance a yanzu; akwai manyan jiga-jigan kamfanin da suka hade da jihar da kuma bukatun 'shaida'. Masu biyan haraji na Australiya na biyan manyan manyan jami'an Amurka dubunnan daloli a rana don 'shawara'. Dama a ko'ina cikin Yamma, PR ya daidaita tunaninmu na siyasa kuma ya shagala da makircin cin hanci da rashawa, 'yan siyasa masu ƙarancin haya: Johnson ko Trump ko Joe mai barci ko Zelensky.
Babu taron marubuta a 2023 da ya damu game da 'rugujewar jari hujja' da tsokanar 'shugabanninmu' masu kisa. Mafi ƙanƙanta daga cikin waɗannan, Blair, babban mai laifi a ƙarƙashin Nuremberg Standard, yana da kyauta kuma mai wadata. Julian Assange, wanda ya jajirce wa 'yan jarida don tabbatar da cewa masu karatun su suna da 'yancin sani, yana cikin shekaru goma na biyu na ɗaurin kurkuku.
Yunƙurin farkisanci a Turai ba shi da gardama. Ko 'neo-Nazism' ko 'ƙananan kishin ƙasa', kamar yadda kuka fi so. Yukren a matsayin kudan zuma na fasikanci na Turai na zamani ya ga sake bullar kungiyar asiri ta Stepan Bandera, mai tsananin kyamar Yahudawa da kisan jama'a wanda ya yaba da 'siyasar Yahudawa' ta Hitler, wacce ta kashe Yahudawan Ukraine miliyan 1.5. 'Za mu sa kawunanku a ƙafafun Hitler,' wata ƙasida ta 'yan Banda ta yi shelar ga Yahudawan Yukren.
A yau, Bandera ya kasance jarumtaka da ake bautawa a yammacin Ukraine kuma EU da Amurka sun biya kudi da yawa na mutum-mutuminsa da 'yan uwansa masu fasikanci, wanda ya maye gurbin na manyan al'adun Rasha da sauran wadanda suka 'yantar da Ukraine daga asali na Nazi.
A cikin 2014, Neo Nazis ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a juyin mulkin da Amurka ta yi wa zababben shugaban kasa, Viktor Yanukovych, wanda aka zarge shi da kasancewa 'mai goyon bayan Moscow'. Gwamnatin juyin mulkin ta hada da fitattun 'yan kishin kasa' - 'yan Nazi gaba daya banda suna.
Da farko dai BBC da kafafen yada labarai na Turai da Amurka ne suka ruwaito hakan. A cikin 2019, Mujallar Time ta fito da 'fararen tsageru' masu fafutuka a Ukraine. NBC News ta ruwaito, 'Matsalar Nazi ta Ukraine gaskiya ce.' An yi fim kuma an rubuta labarin lalatawar ’yan kwadago a Odessa.
Karkashin jagorancin rundunar Azov, wanda tambarinsa, 'Wolfsangel', ya yi kaurin suna daga SS na Jamus, sojojin Ukraine sun mamaye yankin Donbas na gabas, masu magana da Rashanci. A cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya an kashe mutane 14,000 a gabashi. Shekaru bakwai bayan haka, tare da taron zaman lafiya na Minsk da kasashen Yamma suka yi, kamar yadda Angela Merkel ta yi ikirari, Red Army sun mamaye.
Ba a ba da rahoton wannan sigar abubuwan da suka faru a Yamma ba. Har ma da furta hakan shine a saukar da cin zarafi game da zama 'Putin uzuri', ko da kuwa marubuci (kamar ni kaina) ya yi Allah wadai da mamayar Rasha. Fahimtar matsananciyar tsokanar da wata ƙasa mai dauke da makamai ta Nato, Ukraine, wadda ita ce iyakar da Hitler ya mamaye ta, ya gabatar wa Moscow, abin ƙyama ne.
An rufe bakin 'yan jaridar da suka je Donbas, ko ma an yi musu kaca-kaca a kasarsu. 'Yar jaridar nan Patrik Baab ta rasa aikinsa kuma wata matashiyar 'yar jarida mai zaman kanta Bajamushiya, Alina Lipp, ta yi rajistar asusun ajiyarta na banki.
A Biritaniya, shiru na masu sassaucin ra'ayi shine shiru na tsoratarwa. Batutuwan da jihohi ke daukar nauyinsu kamar Ukraine da Isra'ila dole ne a guji su idan kuna son ci gaba da aikin harabar ko lokacin koyarwa. Abin da ya faru da Jeremy Corbyn a cikin 2019 an maimaita shi a harabar jami'o'in da ake yiwa masu adawa da wariyar launin fata Isra'ila suna a matsayin masu adawa da Yahudawa.
Jami'ar Bristol ta kori Farfesa David Miller, wanda shi ne babban jami'in yada farfagandar zamani a kasar, saboda ya ba da shawarar a bainar jama'a cewa 'kaddarorin' Isra'ila a Biritaniya da siyasarta suna yin tasiri mara kyau a duk duniya - gaskiyar da shaidar ta ke da yawa.
Jami'ar ta dauki hayar babban QC don bincika lamarin da kansa. Rahoton nasa ya kawar da Miller akan 'muhimmin batu na 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki' kuma ya gano 'maganganun Farfesa Miller ba su zama haramtacciyar magana ba'. Duk da haka Bristol ta kore shi. Sakon a bayyane yake: ko da wane irin fushin da ta aikata, Isra'ila na da kariya kuma dole ne a hukunta masu sukanta.
A 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, Terry Eagleton, farfesa a fannin adabin Turanci a Jami'ar Manchester, ya yi la'akari da cewa 'a karo na farko a cikin ƙarni biyu, babu wani fitaccen mawaki, marubuci ko marubucin marubucin Birtaniya da ya shirya don tambayar tushen hanyar rayuwa ta yamma'. .
Babu Shelley yayi magana ga matalauta, babu Blake don mafarkin utopian, babu Byron da ya la'anci cin hanci da rashawa na masu mulki, babu Thomas Carlyle da John Ruskin da suka bayyana bala'in halin kirki na jari-hujja. William Morris, Oscar Wilde, HG Wells, George Bernard Shaw ba su da makamancin haka a yau. Harold Pinter yana raye a lokacin, 'wanda ya ɗaga muryarsa na ƙarshe', in ji Eagleton.
A ina ne bayan zamani - kin amincewa da ainihin siyasa da rashin yarda - ya fito? Buga a cikin 1970 na littafin Charles Reich mafi kyawun siyarwa, The Greening of America, yana ba da ma'ana. Sai Amurka ta kasance cikin tashin hankali; Nixon ya kasance a cikin Fadar White House, juriya na farar hula, wanda aka sani da 'motsi', ya barke daga cikin al'umma a tsakiyar yakin da ya taba kusan kowa. A cikin ƙawance tare da ƙungiyoyin 'yancin ɗan adam, ya gabatar da ƙalubale mafi girma ga ikon Washington na ƙarni.
A bangon littafin Reich akwai waɗannan kalmomi: 'Akwai juyin juya hali yana zuwa. Ba zai zama kamar juyin juya hali na baya ba. Zai samo asali daga mutum ɗaya.'
A lokacin ni ɗan jarida ne a Amurka kuma na tuna da ɗaukaka dare ɗaya zuwa matsayin guru na Reich, matashin malamin Yale. New Yorker ya birge littafinsa cikin ban mamaki, wanda sakonsa shine cewa 'aikin siyasa da faɗin gaskiya' na shekarun 1960 ya gaza kuma 'al'adu da zurfafawa' kawai za su canza duniya. Ya ji kamar hippydom yana da'awar azuzuwan mabukaci. Kuma a wata ma'ana ya kasance.
A cikin ƴan shekaru kaɗan, ɗabi'ar 'Ni-ism' ta mamaye tunanin mutane da yawa na yin aiki tare, na adalci na zamantakewa da kuma son duniya. An raba aji, jinsi da launin fata. Na sirri shine siyasa kuma kafofin watsa labarai sune sakon. Yi kudi, in ji shi.
Dangane da 'motsi', begensa da waƙoƙinsa, shekarun Ronald Reagan da Bill Clinton sun kawo ƙarshen duk wannan. A yanzu dai ‘yan sandan sun shiga yakar bakar fata; Shahararrun kudurorin jindadin jama'a na Clinton sun karya tarihin duniya a yawan bakar fata da aka tura gidan yari.
Lokacin da 9/11 ya faru, ƙirƙira sababbin 'barazana' a kan 'iyakar Amurka' (kamar yadda Project for a New American Century da ake kira duniya) ya ƙare da rikice-rikicen siyasa na waɗanda, shekaru 20 da suka gabata, da sun kafa adawa mai tsanani.
A cikin shekarun baya, Amurka ta yi yaƙi da duniya. A cewar wani rahoton da aka yi watsi da shi da Likitoci don Alhaki na Jama'a, Likitoci don Rayuwa ta Duniya da kuma Likitocin Duniya da suka ci lambar yabo ta Nobel don Rigakafin Yakin Nukiliya, adadin da aka kashe a cikin 'yakin da ta'addanci' na Amurka ya kasance 'aƙalla' miliyan 1.3 a cikin Afghanistan, Iraki da Pakistan.
Wannan adadi bai hada da wadanda suka mutu a yakin da Amurka ke jagoranta da kuma yakin Yemen da Libya da Syria da Somaliya da sauransu ba. Adadin gaskiya, in ji rahoton, 'zai iya zama fiye da miliyan 2 [ko] kusan sau 10 fiye da abin da jama'a, masana da masu yanke shawara suka sani kuma kafofin watsa labarai da manyan kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ke yadawa.'
'Aƙalla' miliyan ɗaya ne aka kashe a Iraki, in ji likitocin, ko kuma kashi biyar na al'ummar ƙasar.
Girman wannan tashin hankali da wahala da alama ba su da gurbi a cikin wayewar yamma. 'Ba wanda ya san adadinsu' 'yan jarida sun daina. Blair da George W. Bush - da Straw da Cheney da Powell da Rumsfeld et al - ba su taɓa fuskantar haɗarin tuhuma ba. Maestro na farfagandar Blair, Alistair Campbell, ana yin bikin ne a matsayin 'halin watsa labarai'.
A cikin 2003, na yi fim ɗin hira a Washington tare da Charles Lewis, fitaccen ɗan jarida mai bincike. Mun tattauna batun mamaye kasar Iraki a 'yan watannin baya. Na tambaye shi, 'Me za a ce idan kafofin watsa labarai mafi 'yanci a duniya sun kalubalanci George W. Bush da Donald Rumsfeld da gaske tare da bincikar da'awarsu, maimakon yada abin da ya zama farfagandar da ba ta dace ba?'
Ya amsa. "Idan da mu 'yan jarida mun yi aikinmu, da akwai kyakkyawar dama da ba za mu je yaki a Iraki ba."
Na yi tambaya iri ɗaya ga Dan maimakon, sanannen anka na CBS, wanda ya ba ni amsa iri ɗaya. David Rose na Observer, wanda ya tallata 'barazanar' Saddam Hussein, da Rageh Omaar, wakilin BBC na Iraki a lokacin, sun ba ni amsa iri ɗaya. Abin sha'awan Rose na yadda aka 'dab'a', ya yi magana ga 'yan jarida da yawa da suka nuna ƙarfin hali na faɗin haka.
Batun su ya cancanci maimaitawa. Da ‘yan jarida sun yi aikinsu, da sun yi tambayoyi da bincike kan farfagandar maimakon fadada ta, za a iya yiwuwa a yau miliyan daya maza da mata da yara na Iraqi suna raye; miliyoyi ba za su gudu daga gidajensu ba; Yakin bangaranci tsakanin Sunni da Shi'a mai yiyuwa bai kunna ba, kuma daular Musulunci ba ta wanzu ba.
Jefa wannan gaskiyar a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe masu ban tsoro tun 1945 waɗanda Amurka da 'kawayenta' suka kunna kuma ƙarshe yana da ban sha'awa. Shin an taɓa tasowa wannan a makarantun aikin jarida?
A yau, yaƙi ta kafofin watsa labarai babban aiki ne na abin da ake kira aikin jarida na yau da kullun, wanda ya tuna da abin da wani mai gabatar da kara na Nuremberg ya bayyana a 1945: 'Kafin kowane babban zalunci, tare da wasu ƴan kaɗan bisa ga cancanta, sun fara kamfen ɗin da aka ƙididdige don raunana su. wadanda abin ya shafa da kuma shirya al'ummar Jamus ta hanyar tunani… A cikin tsarin farfaganda… jaridu ne na yau da kullun da rediyo sune mafi mahimmancin makamai.'
Ɗayan dagewa a cikin rayuwar siyasar Amurka shine tsattsauran ra'ayi wanda ke tunkarar farkisanci. Ko da yake an yaba wa Trump da hakan, amma a lokacin wa'adin Obama biyu ne manufofin harkokin wajen Amurka suka yi mu'amala da farkisanci. Wannan kusan ba a taba ba da rahoto ba.
"Na yi imani da keɓantawar Amurkawa tare da kowane nau'i na rayuwata," in ji Obama, wanda ya faɗaɗa sha'awar shugabancin da aka fi so, tashin bama-bamai, da gungun masu kisa da aka fi sani da 'ayyukan musamman' kamar yadda babu wani shugaba da ya taɓa yin tun lokacin yakin cacar baka na farko.
A cewar wani binciken Majalisar kan Harkokin Waje, a cikin 2016 Obama ya jefa bama-bamai 26,171. Wato bama-bamai 72 a kowace rana. Ya jefa bama-bamai mafi talauci da mutane masu launi: a Afghanistan, Libya, Yemen, Somalia, Syria, Iraq, Pakistan.
Kowace Talata - jaridar New York Times ta ruwaito - shi da kansa ya zaɓi waɗanda za a kashe ta hanyar makami mai linzami da aka harba daga jirage marasa matuƙa. An kai hari a bukukuwan aure, jana'izar, makiyaya, tare da masu yunkurin tattara sassan jikin da ke nuna 'masu hari' 'yan ta'adda.
Wani dan majalisar dattijai na jam'iyyar Republican, Lindsey Graham, ya yi kiyasin, amincewa da cewa jiragen Obama marasa matuka sun kashe mutane 4,700. "Wani lokaci kuna bugun mutane marasa laifi kuma na ƙi hakan," in ji shi, amma mun fitar da wasu manyan jami'an Al Qaeda.'
A shekarar 2011, Obama ya shaidawa kafafen yada labarai cewa shugaban Libya Muammar Gaddafi na shirin yin kisan kare dangi a kan mutanensa. "Mun sani…," in ji shi, ' cewa idan muka sake jira kwana guda, Benghazi, birni mai girman Charlotte (North Carolina), zai iya fuskantar kisan kiyashi wanda da zai sake kunno kai a duk fadin yankin kuma ya bata lamiri na duniya. '
Wannan karya ce. 'barazana' daya tilo ita ce fatattakar 'yan kishin Islama da dakarun gwamnatin Libya suka yi. Tare da tsare-tsarensa na farfado da 'yancin cin gashin kai na Pan-Africanism, Bankin Afirka da kudin Afirka, dukkaninsu ne ta hanyar man fetur na Libya, an jefa Gaddafi a matsayin makiyin mulkin mallaka na yammacin Turai a nahiyar da Libya ta kasance kasa ta biyu mafi zamani.
Rusa 'barazana' Gaddafi da mulkinsa na zamani shine manufar. Da Amurka da Birtaniya da kuma Faransa suka goyi bayan kungiyar Nato ta kaddamar da hare-hare 9,700 kan Libya. Na uku an yi niyya ne kan ababen more rayuwa da kuma hare-haren fararen hula, in ji MDD. An yi amfani da magungunan uranium; Garuruwan Misurata da Sirte an jefa bama-bamai ne. Kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta gano kaburbura ga jama'a, kuma Unicef ta ce 'mafi yawan yaran da aka kashe 'yan kasa da shekaru goma ne.
A lokacin da aka gaya wa Hillary Clinton sakatariyar harkokin wajen Obama cewa ‘yan tawaye sun kama Gaddafi tare da luwadi da wuka, sai ta yi dariya ta ce da kyamarar: ‘Mun zo, mun gani, ya mutu!
A ranar 14 ga Satumba, 2016, Kwamitin Harkokin Waje na Majalisar Wakilai a London ya ba da rahoton kammala binciken da aka kwashe shekara guda ana yi kan harin Nato a Libya wanda ya bayyana a matsayin 'tsarin karya' - ciki har da labarin kisan kiyashi na Benghazi.
Kamfanin dillancin labaru na NATO ya kai Libya a cikin wani mummunan bala'i, ya kashe dubban mutane kuma ya sauya daruruwan dubban dubban mutane, ya sake canza Libya daga kasar Afirka da mafi girman yanayin rayuwarsa a cikin kasawar yaƙin.
A karkashin Obama, Amurka ta fadada ayyukan 'dakaru na musamman' ga kasashe 138, wato kashi 70 cikin XNUMX na al'ummar duniya. Shugaban Ba’amurke ɗan Afirka na farko ya ƙaddamar da abin da ya kai ga mamaye Afirka.
Tunawa da yaƙin neman zaɓe na Afirka a ƙarni na 19, tun daga lokacin da rundunar sojojin Amurka ta Afirka (Africom) ta gina wata hanyar sadarwa ta masu roƙo a tsakanin gwamnatocin Afirka na haɗin gwiwa da ke son cin hanci da rashawa na Amurkawa. Koyarwar 'soja zuwa soja' ta Africom ta ƙunshi jami'an Amurka a kowane matakin umarni tun daga janar zuwa jami'in garanti. Kwalkwali pith ne kawai aka ɓace.
Kamar dai a ce wani sabon bakar fata na mulkin mallaka na Turawan mulkin mallaka ya sanya tarihin ‘yanci na Afirka mai alfahari, tun daga Patrice Lumumba zuwa Nelson Mandela. Wannan 'manufa ta tarihi' ta fitattun mutane, ya yi gargaɗi ga masanin Frantz Fanon, shine haɓaka 'hanyar jari hujja duk da cewa an kama shi'.
A cikin shekarar da Nato ta mamaye Libya, 2011, Obama ya sanar da abin da aka fi sani da 'pivot to Asia'. Kusan kashi biyu bisa uku na sojojin ruwan Amurka za a tura su zuwa yankin Asiya da tekun Pasifik domin fuskantar barazanar China, a cewar sakataren tsaronsa.
Babu wata barazana daga kasar Sin; akwai barazana ga China daga Amurka; wasu sansanonin sojan Amurka 400 ne suka kafa baka a gefen lungu da sakon masana'antu na kasar Sin, wanda wani jami'in ma'aikatar tsaron Amurka Pentagon ya bayyana a matsayin "hankali".
A sa'i daya kuma, Obama ya sanya makamai masu linzami a gabashin Turai wadanda suka nufi Rasha. Wanda ya lashe kyautar zaman lafiya ta Nobel shi ne wanda ya kara yawan kudaden da ake kashewa kan yakin nukiliya zuwa matakin da ya fi na kowace gwamnatin Amurka tun lokacin yakin cacar baka - bayan da ya yi alkawari, a cikin wani jawabi mai ratsa jiki a tsakiyar Prague a 2009, don 'taimakawa kawar da su. duniya makaman nukiliya'.
Obama da gwamnatinsa sun sani sarai cewa juyin mulkin da aka aike mataimakiyar sakatariyar harkokin wajen Amurka Patricia Nuland domin ta sa ido kan gwamnatin Ukraine a shekarar 2014 zai haifar da martanin Rasha kuma mai yiwuwa ya kai ga yaki. Kuma haka yana da.
Ina rubuta wannan ne a ranar 30 ga Afrilu, ranar tunawa da ranar ƙarshe na yaƙi mafi tsayi na karni na ashirin, a Vietnam, wanda na ruwaito. Ina matashi sosai lokacin da na isa Saigon kuma na koyi abubuwa da yawa. Na koyi sanin nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i na B-52s, wanda ya zubar da kisa daga sama da gajimare kuma bai bar kome ba kuma ba kowa ba; Na koyi kada in kau da kai sa’ad da na fuskanci bishiyar da aka gayyace ta cike da sassan jikin mutum; Na koyi daraja alheri fiye da dā; Na koyi cewa Joseph Heller ya yi gaskiya a cikin gwaninta mai suna Catch-22: cewa yakin bai dace da mutane masu hankali ba; kuma na koyi game da farfagandar 'mu'.
A duk tsawon wannan yakin, farfagandar ta ce Vietnam mai nasara za ta yada cutar kwaminisanci zuwa sauran Asiya, ta ba da damar Babban Hatsarin Yellow zuwa arewacinta. Ƙasashe za su faɗi kamar 'dominoes'.
Vietnam ta Ho Chi Minh ta yi nasara, kuma babu wani abu da ya faru a sama. Maimakon haka, wayewar Vietnam ta yi girma, abin mamaki, duk da farashin da suka biya: miliyan uku sun mutu. Nakasassu, masu nakasa, masu shaye-shaye, masu guba, batattu.
Idan masu yada farfagandar na yanzu sun samu yakinsu da kasar Sin, wannan zai zama dan kadan na abin da ke zuwa. Yi magana.
ZNetwork ana samun kuɗi ta hanyar karimcin masu karatun sa.
Bada Tallafi
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Labari mai kyau da sharhi. Godiya ga Michael R.
Na mika wannan labarin tare da Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Kanada da Toronto Star. Na tabbata suna cikin matsalar. Na mika shi ga Farfesan Jarida na Jami'ar Carleton," Dwayne Winseck" Amsar da ya bayar ga Dandalin Siyasar Jama'a na 2017 na Kanada mai taken," The Shattered Mirror - Hews, Demo / cracy and Trust in the Digital Age" ya cancanci a lura da rabawa.
https://dwmw.wordpress.com/2017/02/09/shattered-mirror-stunted-vision-and-a-squandered-opportunities/#comment-17667
Wataƙila Farfesa Winseck zai iya ba da labarin Mista Pilger tare da wasu ɗalibai a cikin kwas ko kuma sanya shi a cikin dandalin kwas. Ya taba sani.
Godiya ga Z NET, John Pilger da kuma Farfesa Noam Chomsky da Edward Hermon don rubuce-rubucen, "Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafawa". Bude idona.
ritaya
Canada
Mahaifina yaro ne mai ilimi kawai daga Indiana (Amurka). Ya yi aiki tuƙuru a duk rayuwarsa kuma ya gaskata cewa ba a da nufin mutum ya tashi sama ba, yana karanta masa takarda yau da kullun ba wani abu da yawa ba, kuma ya tanadar wa iyalinsa cikin ladabi amma koyaushe. Ya so ’ya’yansa su sami ilimi mai kyau, kuma mu ne, amma gabaɗaya ba ma tunanin ya fahimci manyan batutuwa da al’amuran duniya ta hanya mai sarƙaƙƙiya ko nagartaccen hanya. Ya ji yakin raket ne, ra'ayin Janar Butler, amma ba shi da gogewa ko gwanintar Butler. Shi da mahaifiyata suna raba Bacin rai kuma hakan bai taɓa barin rayuwarsu ta hankali ba. Lokacin da na girma na gane mahaifina yana da gaskiya a fahimtarsa na kowa. Yaki, makamai, soja, shiga tsakani, da tashin hankali tare da barazanar tashin hankali babban kasuwanci ne da ke da riba mai yawa da ababen more rayuwa. Wataƙila mafi girman kasuwanci tare da haɗin gwiwar gaskiyar kamfanoni da tattalin arziki. Za mu iya adawa da yaki a kan dalilai na ɗabi'a, hangen nesa na bil'adama, har ma don tattalin arziki da dalilai na zuba jari, amma idan dai riba ta zama sarki ko allahnmu kamar yadda yake a zamanin yau da zalunci, ko kuma kamar yadda Chomsky ya ce, "jari-hujja" "savage", duk wannan zai kasance. ci gaba da rinjaye. Shin “bangaren da ya fi kyau” na mu zai iya yin nasara kuma ya kawo cikakken gyara da ake bukata don tsira? Ba ya kamanta bisa hujjar zamani. Har yanzu ina da bege cewa ɗan adam maimakon riba zai yi nasara, amma begena yana fuskantar mummunan hari shekaru da yawa kuma ba ni da ƙarami. Tabbas, John Pilger yana ɗaya daga cikin "masu kyau," ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyau.