Kamar yadda tsunami na hawayen kada ya mamaye 'yan siyasar yammacin duniya, an danne tarihi. Fiye da tsararraki da suka wuce, Afghanistan ta sami 'yancinta, wanda Amurka, Birtaniya da "kawayensu" suka lalata.
A shekarar 1978, wata kungiyar 'yantar da jama'a karkashin jagorancin jam'iyyar People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) ta hambarar da mulkin kama-karya na Mohammad Dawd, dan uwan Sarki Zahir Shar. Juyin juya hali ne mai farin jini wanda ya baiwa Birtaniya da Amurka mamaki.
'Yan jaridu na kasashen waje a Kabul, sun ruwaito New York Times, sun yi mamakin ganin cewa "kusan kowane dan Afganistan da suka yi hira da su ya ce [sun yi farin ciki da juyin mulkin". The Wall Street Journal ya ruwaito cewa “mutane 150,000… sun yi maci don girmama sabuwar tuta…
The Washington Post "Ba za a iya yin tambaya kan amincin Afghanistan ga gwamnati ba." Masu zaman kansu, masu bin tsarin zamani da, zuwa ga wani babban mataki, mai ra'ayin gurguzu, gwamnati ta ayyana wani shiri na sake fasalin hangen nesa wanda ya hada da daidaiton 'yancin mata da 'yan tsiraru. An 'yantar da fursunonin siyasa tare da kona fayilolin 'yan sanda a bainar jama'a.
A karkashin masarautar, tsawon rayuwa ya kai talatin da biyar; daya daga cikin yara uku ya mutu tun yana karami. Kashi 90 cikin 100 na al'ummar kasar ba su iya karatu ba. Sabuwar gwamnati ta bullo da tsarin kula da lafiya kyauta. An kaddamar da gangamin wayar da kan jama'a.
Ga mata, ribar ba ta da wani abin tarihi; Ya zuwa karshen shekarun 1980, rabin daliban jami'a mata ne, kuma mata ne kashi 40 cikin 70 na likitocin Afghanistan, kashi 30 cikin XNUMX na malamanta da kashi XNUMX na ma'aikatan gwamnati.
Canje-canjen sun kasance masu tsattsauran ra'ayi da suka kasance a bayyane a cikin tunanin waɗanda suka amfana. Saira Noorani, wata likitan fiɗa da ta gudu daga Afghanistan a 2001, ta tuna:
“Kowace yarinya na iya zuwa makarantar sakandare da jami’a. Za mu iya zuwa inda muke so mu sanya abin da muke so… Mun kasance muna zuwa cafes da sinima don ganin sabbin fina-finan Indiya a ranar Juma'a… komai ya fara baci lokacin da mujahedin ya fara cin nasara… Waɗannan su ne mutanen yamma suna tallafawa. .”
Ga Amurka, matsalar da gwamnatin PDPA ta samu ita ce Tarayyar Soviet ta tallafa mata. Amma duk da haka ba a taba yin izgili da "yar tsana" a kasashen Yamma ba, haka kuma juyin mulkin da aka yi wa masarautar "Soviet ta goyi bayan", kamar yadda jaridun Amurka da Birtaniya suka yi ikirarin a lokacin.
Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Shugaba Jimmy Carter, Cyrus Vance, daga baya ya rubuta a cikin tarihinsa: "Ba mu da wata shaida da ke nuna cewa Soviet na da hannu a juyin mulkin."
A cikin wannan gwamnatin akwai Zbigniew Brzezinski, mai ba da shawara kan harkokin tsaro na Carter, ɗan Poland. hijira kuma mai tsattsauran ra'ayi mai adawa da kwaminisanci da tsattsauran ra'ayi wanda tasirinsa kan shugabannin Amurka ya kare ne kawai da mutuwarsa a cikin 2017.
A ranar 3 ga Yulin 1979, jama'ar Amirka da Majalisa ba su sani ba, Carter ya ba da izinin shirin "aiki na sirri" na dala miliyan 500 don hambarar da gwamnatin Afghanistan ta farko da ba ta da addini, mai ci gaba. Wannan lambar-suna ta CIA Operation Cyclone.
Dalar Amurka miliyan 500 ta siya, cin hanci da kuma makamai ga ƙungiyar masu kishin kabilanci da addini da aka fi sani da mujahedin. A tarihinsa na farko, Washington Post dan jarida Bob Woodward ya rubuta cewa CIA ta kashe dala miliyan 70 wajen cin hanci kadai. Ya bayyana ganawar da aka yi tsakanin wani wakilin CIA da aka fi sani da "Gary" da wani sarkin yaki da ake kira Amniat-Melli:
"Gary ya sanya tarin tsabar kudi a kan tebur: $ 500,000 a cikin ɗigon ƙafa ɗaya na dala 100. Ya yi imani zai fi ban sha'awa fiye da dala 200,000 da aka saba, hanya mafi kyau ta ce muna nan, muna da gaske, ga kuɗi, mun san kuna buƙatar shi… nan da nan Gary zai nemi hedkwatar CIA kuma ya karɓi tsabar kuɗi dala miliyan 10. ”
An dauka aiki daga ko'ina cikin kasashen musulmi, an horar da sojojin sirri na Amurka a sansanoni a Pakistan karkashin leken asirin Pakistan, CIA da MI6 na Burtaniya. Wasu kuma an dauki su aiki a Kwalejin Islama da ke Brooklyn, New York - a gaban ginin Twin Towers. Daya daga cikin wadanda aka dauka shine injiniyan Saudiyya mai suna Osama bin Laden.
Manufar ita ce yada tsatstsauran ra'ayin Islama a tsakiyar Asiya da kuma tada zaune tsaye da kuma lalata Tarayyar Soviet.
A cikin Agusta, 1979, Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka a Kabul ya ba da rahoton cewa "mafi girman muradun Amurka ... za a biya su ta hanyar rushewar gwamnatin PDP, duk da irin koma baya da hakan ka iya haifarwa ga sake fasalin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki a nan gaba a Afganistan."
Ka sake karanta kalmomin da na yi a sama. Ba sau da yawa ana fayyace irin wannan niyya ta bangaranci a fili. Amurka tana cewa gwamnatin Afganistan mai ci gaba ta gaske da kuma hakkin matan Afghanistan na iya shiga wuta.
Bayan watanni shida, Soviets sun yi mummunar ƙaura zuwa Afganistan don mayar da martani ga barazanar masu jihadi da Amurka ta ƙirƙira a ƙofarsu. An yi amfani da makamai masu linzami na Stinger da CIA ta samar kuma an yi bikin a matsayin "mayakan 'yanci" ta Margaret Thatcher, mujahedin daga karshe dai sun fatattaki dakarun Red Army daga Afganistan.
Suna kiran kansu ƙungiyar Arewa, da mujahedin sarakunan yaki ne suka mamaye kasuwancin tabar heroin da kuma tsoratar da matan karkara. ’Yan Taliban wani bangare ne na tsattsauran ra’ayi, wadanda ’yan uwa suka sanya bakar fata suna azabtar da ‘yan fashi, fyade da kisa amma sun kore mata daga rayuwar jama’a.
A cikin 1980s, na yi tuntuɓar ƙungiyar juyin juya hali na matan Afganistan, wanda aka sani da RAWA, wanda ya yi ƙoƙari ya faɗakar da duniya game da wahalar da matan Afganistan ke sha. A lokacin Taliban sun boye kyamarori a ƙarƙashinsu burka don yin fim ɗin shaidar ta'addanci, kuma sun yi hakan don fallasa zaluncin da ƙasashen yamma ke marawa baya mujahedin. "Marina" ta RAWA ta gaya mani, "Mun ɗauki faifan bidiyon zuwa duk manyan kungiyoyin watsa labarai, amma ba sa so su sani..."
A 1996, gwamnatin PDPA mai wayewa ta yi nasara. Firayim Minista, Mohammad Najibullah, ya je Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don neman taimako. Bayan dawowar sa, an rataye shi a jikin fitilar titi.
Lord Curzon a shekara ta 1898 ya ce: "Na yarda cewa [ƙasashe] guntu ne a kan allo, a kan abin da ake buga babban wasa don mamayar duniya."
Mataimakin na Indiya yana magana ne musamman ga Afghanistan. Bayan karni daya, Firayim Minista Tony Blair ya yi amfani da kalmomi daban-daban.
"Wannan lokacin ne don kamawa," in ji shi bayan 9/11. "An girgiza Kaleidoscope. Yankuna suna cikin jujjuyawa. Ba da daɗewa ba za su sake daidaitawa. Kafin su yi, bari mu sake yin odar wannan duniyar da ke kewaye da mu. "
Dangane da Afganistan, ya kara da cewa: "Ba za mu yi tafiya ba (amma mu tabbatar da) wata hanya ta fita daga cikin talauci da ke cikin halin kunci."
Blair ya kara da cewa mai ba shi shawara, Shugaba George W. Bush, wanda ya yi magana da wadanda bama-baman da ya rutsa da su daga Ofishin Oval: “Mutanen da ake zalunta na Afghanistan za su san karimcin Amurka. Yayin da muke kai hari kan hare-haren soji, za mu kuma watsar da abinci, magunguna da kayayyaki ga masu fama da yunwa da wahala…”
Kusan kowace kalma karya ce. Bayanin da suka yi na nuna damuwa ya kasance munanan ruɗi ne na zalunci na sarauta "mu" a Yamma da wuya a gane haka.
A cikin 2001, Afghanistan ta sha fama kuma ta dogara da ayarin agajin gaggawa daga Pakistan. Kamar yadda dan jarida Jonathan Steele ya ruwaito, mamaya a kaikaice ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutane kusan 20,000 yayin da aka daina kai kayan agaji ga wadanda fari ya rutsa da su, mutane kuma suka tsere daga gidajensu.
Watanni goma sha takwas bayan haka, na sami bama-bamai na Amurka da ba a fashe ba a cikin tarkacen Kabul wanda galibi ana kuskuren fakitin agajin rawaya da aka jefa daga iska. Sun busa gaɓoɓi daga cin abinci, yara masu fama da yunwa.
A kauyen Bibi Maru, na kalli wata mata da ake kira Orifa ta durkusa a kabarin mijinta, Gul Ahmed, mai sana’ar kafet, da wasu ‘yan gidanta guda bakwai, ciki har da ‘ya’ya shida, da ‘ya’ya biyu da aka kashe makwaftansu.
Wani jirgin saman Amurka F-16 ya fito daga sararin sama mai shudi ya jefa bam mai nauyin kilo 82 500 a kan laka, dutse da gidan bambaro na Orifa. Orifa ba ya nan a lokacin. Bayan ta dawo ta tattara sassan jikin.
Bayan watanni, gungun Amurkawa sun zo daga Kabul suka ba ta ambulaf mai rubutu goma sha biyar: jimillar dala 15. "An kashe dala biyu ga kowane dangina," in ji ta.
Mamaya na Afganistan yaudara ne. Tun a ranar 9 ga Satumba, ’yan Taliban sun nemi nesanta kansu da Osama bin Laden. Sun kasance, ta fuskoki da yawa, abokin ciniki na Amurka wanda gwamnatin Bill Clinton ta yi wasu yarjejeniyoyin sirri da su don ba da damar gina bututun iskar gas na dala biliyan 11 da wani kamfanin mai na Amurka ya yi.
A cikin sirrin sirri, an gayyaci shugabannin Taliban zuwa Amurka kuma shugaban kamfanin Unocal a cikin gidansa na Texas da kuma CIA a hedkwatarsa a Virginia. Daya daga cikin masu kulla yarjejeniyar shine Dick Cheney, daga baya mataimakin shugaban kasa George W. Bush.
A cikin 2010, na kasance a Washington kuma na shirya yin hira da wanda ya jagoranci zamanin Afghanistan na wahala, Zbigniew Brzezinski. Na nakalto masa tarihin rayuwarsa inda ya yarda cewa babban makircinsa na jawo 'yan Soviet zuwa Afghanistan ya haifar da "'yan kadan ne suka tayar da musulmi".
"Kuna da wani nadama?" Na tambaya.
“Nadama! Nadama! Menene nadama?"
Lokacin da muka kalli abubuwan da ke faruwa a halin yanzu na firgita a filin jirgin saman Kabul, kuma muna sauraron ’yan jarida da janar-janar a gidajen talbijin na nesa suna kukan janyewar “kariyar mu”, shin ba lokaci ba ne da za mu bi gaskiyar abin da ya faru a baya don kada duk wannan wahala ta faru. kuma?
Fim ɗin John Pilger na 2003, Breaking the Silence, yana samuwa don dubawa a http://johnpilger.com/videos/
ZNetwork ana samun kuɗi ta hanyar karimcin masu karatun sa.
Bada Tallafi