“Tashin hankali shine mafaka ta farko ga wanda bai cancanta ba.
- Isaac Asimov
The War Times a ranar 30 ga Satumba, an ba da rahoton cewa, an tura wata rundunar yaki, kimanin dakaru 4,000, da za a iya kira ga "tashe-tashen hankula da kuma kula da jama'a," a cikin Amurka a karon farko tun bayan sake gina kasar.
Masu 'yancin walwala na farar hula sun mayar da martani nan da nan, lura da Sunan mahaifi Comitatus dokar ya hana jami'an sojan tarayya yin aiki a cikin ikon tilasta doka a cikin . Suma masu fafutukar zaman lafiya sun yi tir da matakin. "Rana ce ta bakin ciki ga Amurka lokacin da gwamnatinmu ke shirin kare kanta ta hanyar amfani da sojoji a kan 'yan kasarta," in ji Michael McPhearson, darektan Veterans For Peace, yayin da yake mayar da martani ga labarai.
Yanzu, a cikin wani labari na Disamba 1, Washington Post ta ba da rahoton cewa Pentagon yana shirin samun ba kawai 4,000 ba, amma 20,000 masu sanye da kayan soja a cikin USby 2011. Ba da gudummawar dakaru 20,000 don mayar da martani na cikin gida "da ya kasance abin ban mamaki har zuwa ga rashin imani," PaulMcHale, mataimakin sakataren tsaro na tsaron cikin gida, ya ce, amma fahimtar cewa hukumomin farar hula na iya ruguza wani bala'i ya haifar da "sauyi na asali a al'adun soja."
Rahoton a cikin Post bai ambaci “tashe-tashen hankulan jama’a da sarrafa jama’a ba,” yana mai da hankali kan ikon da sojojin ke da shi na taimakawa jami’an jahohi da na gida wajen tunkarar harin ta’addanci na nukiliya ko kuma wani bala’i na cikin gida.
Sai dai rahoton na Army Times na watan Satumba ya nuna cewa kwamandan rundunar na First Brigade Combat Team, Col. Roger Cloutier, ya ce sojojinsa za su koyi yadda za su yi amfani da kunshin farko na makaman da ake kira "marasa kisa" da sojojin suka yi, yana mai nuni da taron jama'a. da kuma na’urorin kula da zirga-zirga da makaman da aka kera don murkushe mutane ba tare da kashe su ba.
"Sabon kunshin kayan aiki ne na abubuwan da ba na mutuwa ba… sun kasance suna amfani da guda ɗaya a cikin Iraki, amma wannan shine karo na farko da aka haɗa waɗannan kayayyaki kuma aka samar da wannan kunshin, kuma saboda wannan manufa da muke aiwatarwa mu ne na farko. don samun shi, "in ji Cloutier."
Ina waɗannan gungun jama'ar Amurka marasa ka'ida suke kuma su waye masu haɗari waɗanda za a yi amfani da waɗannan makaman ''marasa mutuwa''? Daidai abin da ke cikin Pentagon da ma'aikatar 'yan sanda na gida?
Amsoshin suna boye a bayyane a kan intanet. Ku gangara cikin ramin zomo ku gano. Anan ga ƙaramin samfurin abin da Mad Hatter ke da shi a zuciya.
Ratings na kamfanin Raytheon Corp Tsarin hanawa mai aiki, wanda aka tsara don sarrafa taron jama'a a yankunan fama, yana amfani da katako mai ƙarfi don jawowa zafi mai zafi wanda ba zai iya jurewa ba, kamar ƙarfe mai zafi da aka sanya akan fata. Yana da tasiri fiye da kewayon ƙananan makamai, fiye da mita 400. An shawarci jami’an kamfanin cewa za su iya faɗaɗa kasuwa ta hanyar siyar da ƙaramin sigar mai hawa uku ga jami’an ‘yan sanda.
· The Farashin 303, daga FN Herstal Corp. girma., Yana ƙone caliber .68, harsashi filastik wanda aka ɗora tare da rini na zaɓi na orange da Oleoresin Capsicum (jajayen barkono) wanda ke da "kayan ƙumburi waɗanda ke tilasta idanu su rufe, yayin da ke haifar da wani zafi mai tsanani ga fata, makogwaro, da hanci. Sakamakon shine jimlar rashin ƙarfi (sic) yana ɗaukar har zuwa mintuna 45." Tsawon mita 50.
· M5 Modular Crowd Control Munition, tare da kewayon mita 30 "yana kama da aiki da ma'adinan yumbura, amma yana ba da ... mai ƙarfi, bugun da ba ya shiga jiki tare da ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa (ƙwallan roba 600)."
· Na'urar Acoustic Dogon Range ko "Scream," megaphone mai ƙarfi ne mai girman girman tasa tauraron dan adam wanda zai iya fitar da sauti "sau 50 fiye da matakin ɗan adam don jin zafi" a kusa, yana haifar da lalacewar ji na dindindin. The LA Times Sojojin Amurka a Iraki sun yi amfani da shi a cikin 2004. Yana iya ba da gargaɗin da aka rubuta a cikin Larabci kuma, bisa ga umarnin, yana fitar da sautin huda…“[Gama] yawancin mutane, ko da sun toshe kunnuwansu, [na'urar] za ta samar da daidai da kai tsaye kai tsaye," in ji Woody Norris, shugaban Kamfanin Fasaha na Amurka, kamfanin San Diego da ke kera makamin. "Zai durkusar da [wasu mutane] a kan gwiwoyinsu." CBS News ya ruwaito a cikin 2005 cewa Sojojin Isra'ila sun fara amfani da na'urar a filin don tarwatsa zanga-zangar adawa da katangar rabuwa. “Masu zanga-zangar sun rufe kunnuwansu sun damke kawunansu, dimuwa da tashin hankali suka mamaye su, bayan da na’urar da ke hawa a cikin motar ta fara aika karar karar sauti, amma ba kara ba, a tsaka mai wuya na dakika 10… Wani jami’in soja ya ce na’urar tana fitar da wani abu na musamman. mitar da ke kaiwa kunnen ciki.” Isra'ila
· In "Fasahar da ba na mutuwa ba: Bayani," Lewer da Davison sun bayyana wani dogon kataloji na sabbin makamai ciki har da "Directed Stick Radiator," tsarin hannun hannu wanda ya dogara da fasaha iri ɗaya kamar The Scream. "Yana harba manyan 'harsashin sonic' ko bugun sauti tsakanin 125-150db na daƙiƙa ɗaya ko biyu. Irin wannan makamin zai iya, idan aka ƙera shi gabaɗaya, yana da ikon kakkaɓe mutane daga ƙafafu.”
Cibiyar Fasaha ta Tsaron da ba ta Kisa ba a Jami'ar PennStateUniversityis tana gwada "Rarraba Sauti da Mai Rarraba Tsara Haske"aka da "bakin ray." Launuka da yanayin haske suna ɗaukar ido ne kuma suna ɓata kwakwalwa, suna makantar da wanda aka azabtar na daƙiƙa da yawa. A hade tare da sauti masu tayar da hankali yana iya sa mutum ya yi tuntuɓe ko ya ji tashin hankali. Foreign Policy in Focus ta ba da rahoton cewa Ma'aikatar Tsaron Cikin Gida, tare da kashe dala miliyan 1 don gwada na'urar, tana fatan ganin ta "a hannun dubban 'yan sanda, jami'an kan iyaka da masu gadi na kasa" nan da shekara ta 2010.Na
· New Scientist rahoton cewa (ba zan yi wannan ba) Inertial Capacitive Incapacitator (ICI), wanda Kamfanin Physical Optics Corporation na Torrance, California, ya ƙirƙira, yana amfani da na'urar adana fina-finai sirara da aka caje yayin kera wacce kawai ke fitarwa lokacin da ta kai hari. Ana iya shigar da shi cikin jirgin sama mai siffar zobe kuma a harba shi daga madaidaicin harba gurneti a cikin ƙananan gudu, yayin da har yanzu yana riƙe da fa'ida don iyakar daidaito.
· Nufin bayan Tasers, da Tsaron Cikin Gida Babban Hukumar Ayyukan Bincike, (Kasafin kudin shekarar 2009: $1B) kwatankwacin Hukumar Kula da Ayyukan Bincike na Tsaro (DARPA), yana shirin kera makamai masu amfani da wayar tarho ta hanyar nisa mafi girma, kamar a dakin taro ko filin wasa, ko kan titinan birni. Daya irin wannan na'urar, da Piezer, Yana amfani da lu'ulu'u na piezoelectric waɗanda ke samar da wutar lantarki lokacin da aka matsa su. Bindiga mai ma'auni 12 yana harba lu'ulu'u, yana ban mamaki da manufa tare da girgiza wutar lantarki akan tasiri. Lynntech na Kwalejin Kwalejin, Texas, yana haɓaka a projectile Taser wanda za'a iya harba shi daga bindigar harbi ko harba gurneti mai tsawon mm 40 don ƙara girman kewayon makaman na mita bakwai.
· "Kashe Rocker da A kan bene: Ci gaba da Haɓaka Makamai Masu Kashe Kwayoyin Halitta," Wani rahoto da Cibiyar Bincike na Disarmament ta Bradford ta yi ya nuna cewa a cikin 1992, Cibiyar Shari'a ta kasa ta yi kwangila tare da Lawrence Livermore tional Lab don yin nazarin maganin sa barci na asibiti don amfani da dakarun soji na musamman da 'yan sanda. LLNL ya kammala mafi kyawun zaɓi shine opioid, kamar fentanyl, mai tasiri a ƙananan allurai idan aka kwatanta da morphine. Haɗe tare da facin da aka jiƙa a cikin DMSO (dimethylsufoxide, mai ƙarfi) kuma an harba shi daga bindigar iska, fentanyl za a iya isar da fata ko da ta hanyar tufafi masu haske. Wani aikace-aikacen da aka ba da shawarar don maganin an haɗa shi da foda mai kyau kuma an tarwatsa kamar hayaki.NaNa
Bayan haɓakawa, sanannen "Puff the Magic Dragon" gunship daga Yaƙin Vietnam yanzu shine AC-130. "Makamai marasa Kisa: Aikace-aikace zuwa Gunships AC-130," ya lura cewa "Tare da karuwar shigar sojojin Amurka cikin ayyukan ban da yaki…" AC-130 "zai ba wa kwamandoji cikakken makaman da ba sa kashewa daga wani dandali na iska wanda ba a taba samun su ba." Takardar ta ƙare a wani ɓangare cewa "Yayin da amfani da makamai marasa lahani ya karu kuma ya zama mai inganci kuma mai karɓa, za a sami ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka."
Prozac da Zoloft biyu ne daga cikin magunguna sama da 100 da Cibiyar Nazarin Magunguna ta Jihar Penn da Cibiyar Bincike ta Jami'ar ta bayyana don ƙarin bincike a matsayin "masu kwantar da hankali." Waɗannan Zaɓuɓɓukan Masu Sake Sake Sake Inhibitors (SSRIs), sun lura da Nazarin Jihar Penn, “...an gano suna da tasiri sosai ga yawancin rikice-rikicen ɗabi'a da aka fuskanta a cikin yanayi inda dole ne a yi la'akari da tura wata dabarar da ba ta da kisa. Wannan nau'in nau'ikan magunguna kuma yana ci gaba da kasancewa cikin haɓaka mai ƙarfi ta masana'antar harhada magunguna… Ana ƙirƙira sabbin mahaɗan da ke ƙarƙashin haɓakawa (WO 09500194) tare da saurin farawa. Ci gaban ƙwayoyi yana ci gaba da sauri a cikin wannan yanki saboda babbar kasuwa don maganin ciwon ciki (mutane miliyan 15 a Arewacin Amirka) ... Da alama za a iya gano wakili na SSRI nan gaba kadan wanda zai nuna saurin sauri. na farko."
Ba abin mamaki bane, da Jami'ar Air, Maxwell AFB ya wallafa wani faffadan littafi mai tarin yawa akan wadannan makamai, amma tun daga shekarar 2001, ilimin farar hula ya koma ciki har zuwa babban kwano na Uncle Sam. Baya ga Lab ɗin Bincike na Aiwatar da Jihar Penn, gudanar da shi azaman ɓangaren sa Ƙaddamarwar Tsaron Gida, Jami'ar New Hampshire ta kafa abin da ake kira Cibiyar Ƙirƙirar Fasahar da ba ta mutu ba tare da tallafi daga abin da ake kira Haɗin gwiwar Makamai marasa Kisa, da Jami'ar John Hopkins da MIT su ne kawai biyu daga cikin sauran kwalejoji da yawa da ke neman tallafin tarayya don wannan aikin.
Duk waɗannan da alama sun tabbatar da tsohon ya ga haka, ko da kun sami 120 Iri na hammers, "Lokacin da duk abin da kuke da shi shine guduma, kowace matsala tana kama da ƙusa." Tare da harbi da harsashi ko "Scream" da "Puke Ray," dole ne mu karkata ga nufin Empire ko sha wahala sakamakon.
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Mike Ferner marubucin "Cikin Yankin Red: Tsohon Soji don Rahoton Zaman Lafiya daga Iraki."
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