"Yana da ikon trifecta," ayyana Sanata Dayna Polehanki daga jihar Michigan a watan Nuwamban da ya gabata, bayan da ‘yan jam’iyyar Democrat suka samu iko da gidan gwamna tare da majalisun dokokin jihar biyu a zaben 2022.
A ranar 11 ga Janairu, 'yan majalisar dokokin jihar Michigan 148 sun hau kujerar nasu don fara wani sabon zama, tare da 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat suna jin daɗin koma baya na arziki. Kwanan nan kamar 2018, 'yan Republican sun jagoranci dukkan sassan gwamnatin jiha. Wannan al’amari dai a yanzu ya koma inda ‘yan jam’iyyar Dimokaradiyya suka mamaye majalisar wakilan jihar a karon farko cikin shekaru goma, sannan majalisar dattawan jihar a karon farko cikin shekaru kusan 40.
Zaɓen na bara ya gabatar da wasu fa'idodi masu kyau ga masu son ci gaba kuma: 'Yan jam'iyyar Democrat kuma suna riƙe da sabbin ƙwayoyin cuta a Maryland, Massachusetts da Minnesota. Gabaɗaya, jam'iyyar a yanzu tana da cikakken iko da gwamnatoci a ciki Jihohi 17, tare da haɗakar yawan jama'a cewa account ga Amurkawa miliyan 140 - idan aka kwatanta da mutane miliyan 137 da ke zaune a cikin jihohi 22 da 'yan Republican ke iko da su. Wannan yana wakiltar babban ci gaba daga sama da shekaru huɗu da suka gabata, lokacin, kafin zaɓen tsakiyar wa'adi na 2018. 26 daga cikin jihohin 34 tare da trifectas sun kasance ƙarƙashin ikon Republican.
Shugabannin dimokiradiyya a Michigan da kuma bayan haka yanzu suna cikin matsayi don bin ƙaƙƙarfan ajanda na mulki. Tambayar ita ce: Shin za su yi amfani da damar? Musamman ma, shin za su yi amfani da ikonsu don aiwatar da sauye-sauyen da ke ƙara haƙƙin demokraɗiyya da gina ikon ci gaba na dogon lokaci?
A cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata ‘yan jam’iyyar Republican sun zuba jari mai yawa a matakin jihohi, kuma a lokacin da suka samu rinjaye, sai suka yi amfani da karfin ikonsu wajen ingiza sauye-sauyen da ke raunata ‘yan mazabar masu ra’ayin rikau da kuma gurgunta tsarin dimokuradiyya. Sabanin haka, lokacin da 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat ke da rinjaye, sau da yawa sun kasa yin watsi da waɗannan sauye-sauye ko aiwatar da gyare-gyaren tsari mai ma'ana - irin sauye-sauyen da ke inganta rayuwar mutane da kuma gina iko ga ƙungiyoyin ƙasa waɗanda za su iya taimaka musu su yi mulki a kan ci gaba. . Musamman ma, sun gaza kare tsarin ma'aikata - wanda za a iya cewa shine mafi mahimmancin kungiyar da aka tsara a cikin kawancen Demokradiyya.
Tare da sabon trifectas a wurin, 'yan Democrat suna da damar da za su guje wa hangen nesa na neoliberal na cin nasara ta hanyar matsawa zuwa cibiyar kuma a maimakon haka su bi dabarun da ke haifar da irin nau'in iko wanda zai iya biyan kuɗi na shekaru masu zuwa. Irin wannan hanya za ta haɗa da soke dokokin "yancin yin aiki" da kuma bin gyare-gyaren da ke fadada haƙƙin ƙwadago, tallafawa ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa da kuma ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwar dimokiradiyya.
"Mun sami DUKAN abubuwan bayarwa," in ji Sanata Polehanki na jihar Michigan ya bayyana lokacin da Michiganders suka zabi Democrats a cikin mulki. "Ku shirya don wasu cha-cha-cha-chanjin nan a Michigan." Ko kuma a matsayin Ken Whittaker, babban darektan kungiyar ci gaba na Michigan United, ya gaya POLITICO"Mutane suna cikin fushi."
Faɗuwar aiki na Wisconsin
Domin kai farmaki, ‘yan jam’iyyar Democrat za su yi watsi da tarihin jam’iyyarsu na yin watsi da irin karfin da ke ba su damar samun mukami tun farko. Hakanan za su buƙaci yin taka tsantsan game da fuskantar yunƙurin GOP don karkatar da filin wasa don goyon bayan Dama.
Shekaru da dama, ’yan Republican sun yi fice wajen shiryawa, sun fi karfin jam’iyyar Democrat a matakin jihohi. Kuma a lokacin da masu ra’ayin rikau suka samu nasarar mulkin gwamnatocin jihohi, sun kware wajen amfani da mafi yawansu wajen karfafa madafun iko. Sanannen da aka ba da shi yana motsawa zuwa ga tashin hankali gerrymander gundumomin majalisa, sun kafa takurawa ID mai zabe dokoki da zartar da wasu matakan zuwa iyakance ikon amfani da sunan kamfani sun taimaka wajen kulle fa'idodin Republican a zaɓen. Sai dai bayan yin amfani da tsarin zabe don cin moriyarsu, ‘yan mazan jiya sun ci gaba da yin amfani da karfin trifecta a matakin jiha wajen dakile kungiyoyin da suka zama kashin bayan siyasar ci gaba.
Dubi kawai hare-haren 'Yancin akan ƙungiyoyi, kuma ga zaɓaɓɓen jami'in Republican wanda ya ba da samfuri na zamani don wargaza ƙungiyoyin aiki: tsohon Gwamnan Wisconsin Scott Walker.
A watan Nuwamba 2010, an zabi Walker a matsayin gwamnan GOP na farko a cikin fiye da shekaru goma, bayan da 'yan'uwan Koch da Ƙungiyar Gwamnonin Republican suka sami goyon baya sosai. A yayin yakin neman zabe, Walker ya caccaki ma’aikatan kungiyar da cewa masu son kai da son zuciya ne a daidai lokacin da gwamnatin jihar ta fuskanci gibin kasafin kudi. Dabarar ta yi aiki. Walker ya doki jam'iyyar Tea Party ta shiga ofis, kuma duka majalisun dokokin jihar sun juya daga shudi zuwa ja. A karon farko tun 1998, 'yan Republican sun mallaki dukkan rassa uku na gwamnatin jihar Wisconsin.
A cikin ofis, Walker ya yi amfani da ikonsa don ƙera Wisconsin zuwa wata ƙasa ta dama ta dindindin. Jim kadan bayan an rantsar da shi, ya kasance yin fim halartar taron bunkasa tattalin arzikin gida inda Diane Hendricks, hamshakin attajirin nan na Wisconsin ya tarbe shi. Hendricks ya tambayi Walker idan akwai "akwai wata dama da za mu taba zama jaha gaba daya, kuma muyi aiki a kan waɗannan ƙungiyoyi." Musamman ma, ta yi mamakin ko Wisconsin zai iya yin amfani da dokokin da ake kira "yancin yin aiki", wanda aka fi sani da shi a Kudu, wanda ke raunana ikon ciniki da kuma lalata albarkatun kungiyar ta hanyar barin ma'aikata a wurin aiki tare da su ficewa. na biyan haraji.
Walker ya mayar da martani da kakkausar murya, yana mai bayyana karara cewa zagon kasa ga ayyukan da aka tsara zai zama muhimmin bangare na dabarunsa na sake fasalin siyasar Wisconsin. "Mataki na farko," in ji shi, "za mu yi aiki da haƙƙin ciniki na gama gari ga duk ƙungiyoyin ma'aikatan jama'a saboda kuna rarraba kuma ku ci."
A farkon shekarar 2011, makwanni kadan bayan karbar mulki, Walker da jam’iyyar Republican masu rinjaye a majalisar sun yi nasarar ciyar da dokokin da za su hana kungiyar kwadago gaba, wanda aka tsara a matsayin kudirin kasafin kudin gaggawa: Dokar 10. Kamar yadda dan jarida Dan Kaufman ya bayyana a cikin littafinsa na 2018. Fall of Wisconsin: Nasarar Conservative na Bashin Ci gaba da Makomar Siyasar Amurka, lissafin ya gabatar da jerin canje-canjen dokoki masu lalacewa. Daga cikin wasu matakan, Dokar 10 da ake bukata Kungiyoyin ma’aikatan gwamnati don gudanar da zabukan sake tantancewa a duk shekara, hana ma’aikatan gwamnati yin shawarwarin karin girma fiye da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, da kuma dakatar da kungiyoyin daga karbar kudade kai tsaye daga kudaden albashin ma’aikata, koda kuwa suna da takardar amincewar ma’aikaci.
A cikin Yuli 2021 op-ed don New York Times, Kaufman gani a bikin cika shekaru goma na kafa dokar ta 10 tare da yin nazari kan mummunan tasirinta. "Kungiyoyin jama'a na Wisconsin sun yi asarar kusan kashi 70 na membobinsu a matsakaita cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata," in ji shi. Lokacin da aka haɗe tare da zartar da dokar haƙƙin yin aiki na jihar a cikin 2015, wanda Walker kuma ya yunƙura, waɗannan dokokin biyu sun taimaka wajen haifar da raguwar kashi 40 cikin 8 na membobin ƙungiyar gaba ɗaya. "Yanzu kusan kashi XNUMX cikin dari na ma'aikatan Wisconsin membobi ne na wata kungiya," in ji Kaufman, "kusan kashi ɗaya daidai da na Alabama, jihar da ke da tarihin yaƙi da cin hanci da rashawa."
Tsohon soji masu ra'ayin mazan jiya dabarun sun gane nasarar da suka samu akan aiki a Wisconsin fiye da nasarar manufofin - sun gan ta a matsayin babban mataki na tabbatar da mulki na dindindin. Mafi yawan maganganun Machiavellian na wannan tunanin sun fito ne daga fitaccen shugaban masu adawa da haraji Grover Norquist, wanda rubuta a cikin wani op-ed na 2017: "Don fahimtar shi: Idan an kafa dokar ta 10 a cikin wasu jihohi goma sha biyu, Jam'iyyar Democrat ta zamani za ta daina kasancewa mai karfin gasa a siyasar Amurka. Wannan babban al’amari ne.”
Samfura don mulkin Republican mara tausayi
Dabarun 'yan Republican na Wisconsin sun yi amfani da su don lalata cibiyoyi masu ci gaba a cikin jiharsu wani bangare ne na babban ajanda na hannun dama wanda, a tsawon lokaci, ya rikide daga jerin buri zuwa littafin wasa. Ƙoƙarin cibiyoyi irin su Majalisar Musanya Dokokin Amurka (ALEC) da ɗimbin masana masu ra'ayin mazan jiya waɗanda suka haɗa da Cibiyar Manufofin Jiha, waɗanda ba sa jajircewa wajen haɓaka manufofin da ke ƙarfafa buƙatun masu ra'ayin mazan jiya yayin lalata tushen Demokraɗiyya.
Mambobin Code Pink (LR) Medea Benjamin, Liz Hourican da Tighe Barry, suna riƙe da alamun nuna rashin amincewa yayin da Gwamnan Wisconsin Scott Walker (C) ya hau kujerar sa yayin da ake sauraren karar gaban Kwamitin Sa ido na Majalisar da Kwamitin Gyaran Gwamnati na Afrilu 14, 2011 akan Capitol Hill. in Washington, DC. (Hoto daga Alex Wong/Hotunan Getty)
ALEC ta wanzu tun a shekarun 1970s amma ta yi fice a zamanin Obama don tsara kuɗaɗen ƙididdiga waɗanda ake ƙara gabatar da su - a wasu lokuta a zahiri - a cikin 'yan majalisar dokokin jihar da 'yan Republican ke iko da su a duk faɗin ƙasar. Tambarin ƙungiyar ya bayyana a sarari: A cikin 2015, Cibiyar ci gaba don Media da Demokraɗiyya saukar cewa lissafin "Haƙƙin-aiki" na Wisconsin ya kasance kusan kwafin kalma-da-kalma na samfurin ALEC "Haƙƙin Aiki," mai ɗauke da ƴan gyare-gyare na salo kawai. An gabatar da matakan kwafi a wasu manyan biranen jihohi ma. A 2001, Oklahoma ya wuce gyare-gyaren kundin tsarin mulki na adawa da aiki ta amfani da yaren da ya kusan kama da tsarin tsarin ALEC a lokacin, kuma, a cikin 2012, trifecta mai ra'ayin mazan jiya a Michigan ta amince da dokar "yancin yin aiki" wanda ya haɗa da harshe wanda ya haɗa da harshe wanda ya haɗa da harshe. sa ido sosai Dokokin samfurin ALEC.
Bayan waɗannan shari'o'in, Indiana, West Virginia da Kentucky sun kuma amince da dokokin "yancin yin aiki" tsakanin 2012 da 2017. Daga baya, rinjaye masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a Kotun Koli na Amurka sun yi babban rauni a kan aiki a cikin 2018. Janus da AFSCME yanke shawara, wanda da gaske ya ƙaddamar da tanadin "yancin yin aiki" ga ƙungiyoyin jama'a ta hanyar yanke hukuncin cewa waɗannan ƙungiyoyin ba za su iya karɓar kuɗaɗen "daidaitaccen kaso" daga ma'aikatan gwamnati don samar da kuɗin wakilci ba.
Ƙoƙarin haɗin gwiwa da 'yan Republican suka yi ya wuce "damar-da-aiki" don yin kwafi da yawa daga cikin tanadin haɗin kai-busting na Wisconsin's Act 10. A cikin 2014 nasa. Washington Post analysis"Yadda ALEC ta taimaka wajen lalata ƙungiyoyin jama'a” Alexander Hertel-Fernandez, masanin binciken dalibin Harvard wanda ya kammala karatun digiri ya gano cewa, har zuwa wannan lokacin, gwamnatocin jihohi takwas sun kafa dokokin ALEC da suka shafi ƙungiyoyin jama'a, kuma waɗannan dokokin sun haifar da raguwar ƙimar ƙungiyoyin jama'a yadda ya kamata, yawanci a cikin ƴan shekaru kaɗan kawai. aiwatar da su.
Tasirin irin wannan koma baya ga ikon da 'yan Democrat ke da shi na rike madafun iko ba ya rasa nasaba da masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Wata daya bayan zaben 2016, Kyle Peterson na Wall Street Journal ya rubuta labarin samfoti na "The Spoils of the Republican State Conquest," tying Nasarar da 'yan jam'iyyar Republican suka samu na zabukan kasa don samun nasarar jam'iyyar wajen zartar da sauye-sauyen tsarin mulki a jihohi. "A cikin Wisconsin. Mambobin ƙungiyar sun ragu 133,000 tun daga 2010, shekarar da ta gabata kafin aiwatar da Dokar Gov. Scott Walker 10," Peterson ya rubuta. "Tare da Donald Trump na nasara a can? Kasa da 30,000. A Michigan, membobin ƙungiyar jama'a sun ragu 34,000 tun daga 2012, shekara kafin dokar da ta dace na gwamna Rick Snyder ta fara aiwatar da tazarar Mista Trump? 11,000 kawai."
Labarin na Peterson ya fito da Tracie Sharp, shugabar cibiyar sadarwar siyasa ta Jiha, wacce kai tsaye ta danganta rugujewar ƙungiyoyi da karuwar arzikin 'yan Republican. Sharp ya ce "Lokacin da kuka yi watsi da daya daga cikin hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki wanda kuma ke yin kuri'a da yawa," in ji Sharp. "Ina tsammanin hakan yana taimakawa - tabbas."
Sharp ya kasance an rubuta a baya a 2016 tara kudi wasika ga Cibiyar Sadarwar Siyasa ta Jiha wanda ke nuna yadda yunƙurin na hannun dama na ƙarfafa malamai su fice daga ƙungiyoyin su sakamakon haƙƙin yin aiki ya taimaka wajen share mambobi 13,000 daga lissafin ma'aikata kuma "ya haifar da fitar da dala miliyan 8 a duk shekara daga asusun kungiyar malaman. .” Sharp ya bayyana tasirin matakan adawa da ƙungiyoyi a zahiri a cikin sharuddan siyasa, yana mai bayyana su a matsayin "babban rauni ga ikon Hagu na sarrafa gwamnati a matakin jihohi da na ƙasa."
A cikin op-ed ɗinsa na 2017, Grover Norquist ya ƙara fitowa fili wajen haɗa sauye-sauyen manufofin da 'yan Republican suka kafa a matakin jiha zuwa ikon masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na riƙe madafun iko. Da yake magana game da Dokar Anti-Union ta Wisconsin 10, ya rubuta:
A halin yanzu, akwai jihohi 25 da 'yan jam'iyyar Republican ke da ikon gwamna da majalisun dokoki biyu. Idan rabinsu sun wuce Dokar 10 ko makamancinta, ba za a iya maye gurbin rugujewar kudaden ƙungiyar da kowane tarin attajirai masu ci gaba ba…. A takaice, Dokar 10 ita ce yaƙin neman zaɓe sake fasalin kudi….
Kamar layin layi daya da ke kusa da wani katanga da aka kewaye, ba za a iya dakatar da Dokar 10 ba, kuma da zarar an kafa jihar ta zama ja. Babu jihohin da ke da Dokar 10 da za su ci gaba da zama wani ɓangare na "Blue Wall" da aka yi hasashe, kuma yana da wuya a ga yadda jihar da ta kafa Dokar 10 za ta iya soke shi. A cikin jihohi 28 masu hakkin yin aiki, daya ne kawai ya soke shi, kuma daga baya ya sake soke shi.
Wisconsin, wadda tun 1984 ba ta zabi dan takarar shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar Republican ba, ta zabi Trump shekaru biyar bayan dokar ta 10 ta sake zabar Sanata Ron Johnson, wanda 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat da Republican suka yi imanin shi ne na biyu da jam'iyyar Republican za ta iya yi a 2016.
Rubutun twitter na Trump suna jan hankali. Dokar 10 ta ci gaba. A nutsu. Babu shakka. Canza yanayin siyasa kamar glacier.
Masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sun sami wasu hanyoyi don kai hari ga ƙungiyoyin ma'aikata. Misali, takardar shedar makaranta da ‘yan jam’iyyar Republican suka tallata wa kansu wadanda suka zana kansu a matsayin zakara na “zabin makaranta” na kara lalata kungiyoyin malamai ta hanyar dakile cibiyoyin al’umma na al’ada da karkatar da kudaden gwamnati zuwa makarantu masu zaman kansu da masu sha’awar kungiyar. Taimakon goyon bayan 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a cikin wadannan kamfen na nuna gibin da ke tattare da tunanin samar da iko da ke tsakanin jam'iyyun.
Haka kuma kungiyar kwadago ba ita ce kadai yankin da ake samun ci gaba ba da gyare-gyaren tsarin da ‘Yan Yaki ke ingiza su. Lauyoyin shari'a sun kasance wata babbar manufa - wani lamari mai ban mamaki idan aka yi la'akari da mahimmancin su a Jam'iyyar Democrat tara kudi. Kamar yadda Timothy Carney, marubucin ra'ayin mazan jiya Washington malamin duba, bayyana a cikin 2014, "Lauyoyi da kamfanonin lauyoyi sun ba da ƙarin kuɗi ga 'yan takarar majalisar dattijai da kwamitocin jam'iyya fiye da kowace masana'antu, tare da rinjaye mai yawa zuwa Democrats."
Dabarun majalisu na "gyara garambawul" na wakiltar mafita mai kyau ga wannan matsala. A lokacin da Shugaba George W. Bush ya sanya takunkumin da aka sanya wa hannu a cikin yakin neman zabensa na 2004, mai kula da dabarun hannun dama Karl Rove ya yi kokarin daukaka batun tsawon shekaru ashirin. Yin aiki a matakin jiha a Texas, Rove ya ga haka nunawa lauyoyin masu gabatar da kara a matsayin "tattalin arziki-draining" da "ambulan-bi" ba kawai za su kare manyan masu ba da gudummawa a masana'antu ciki har da taba da asbestos daga fuskantar shari'a da manyan matsuguni. Ya fahimci cewa hakan na iya zama hanyar gina ikon GOP - wani abu da 'yan Republican Texas suka yi sosai a cikin 1990s. Kamar yadda PBS Gabatarwa Bincike saka shi, Rove "ya fahimci mahimmancinta kafin wasu su yi, ya yi amfani da shi a gasar tseren da ya yi a shekarun 1980 kuma ya yi gyare-gyaren azabtarwa a matsayin abin da ya haifar da ci gaban 'yan Republican a Texas."
Sam Gwynne, babban editan na Texas Wata-wata. Tare da cikakkiyar masaniyar cewa gudummawar da lauyoyin da aka yi shari'a suka kasance a tsakiya ga "kuɗin kuɗaɗen ɗaukacin Jam'iyyar Democrat. Karl ya ga… wannan shine kalaman da za a hau. Kuma ya hau ta,” Gwynne ta bayyana. A cikin shekarun 1990s, batun ya zama mai ban sha'awa har ya girma zuwa "yaki ga rayuwar siyasar Texas" - kuma, Gwynne ya yi jayayya, nasarar da Republican ta samu wajen aiwatar da gyare-gyaren jihohi ya rage "kudin rayuwar 'yan Democrat, wanda yanzu ke bushewa. sama."
Nasarar da 'yan jam'iyyar Republican suka samu a matakin jiha a Texas sun share fagen mayar da batun kasa bisa ka'idojin da ba su dace ba. Farashin ALEC harsashi na model dokokin yanzu yana da wani raft of Samfurin azabtarwa lissafin gyara- fiye da 70 daga cikinsu sun kasance gabatarwa ta ‘yan jam’iyyar Republican a jaha a shekarar 2013 kadai, a cewar Cibiyar Yada Labarai da Dimokuradiyya. Shahararru daga cikin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya waɗanda suka haɓaka irin waɗannan dokoki sune Scott Walker da 'yan majalisar dokokin Wisconsin waɗanda suka sami ikon trifecta a 2011 da da sauri sanya azabtar da sake fasalin wani nasarar sa hannun sa.
'Yan jam'iyyar Democrat sun kasa yin yaki
Duk da yake 'yan Republican suna da shirin wasan motsa jiki da hangen nesa don lalata tushen Demokraɗiyya da ƙarfafa ikon GOP, 'yan Democrat galibi suna wasa tsaro.
Akwai yuwuwar bayani da dama kan jajircewar jam’iyyar na yin gwagwarmayar neman ma’aikata a matakin kasa ko na jiha ta hanyoyin da za su iya inganta yanayin galibin Amurkawa da kuma karfafa ikon Demokradiyya a cikin dogon lokaci. Ɗayan shi ne cewa ƴan takararta, suma, sun sha zaɓe ga masu ba da gudummawar da suka yi hannun riga da manufofin ƙwadago, tare da haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin 'yan majalisa. Jami'an dimokuradiyya gabaɗaya ba su da kwarin gwiwa na akida kamar jami'an GOP, kuma ba su da haɗin kai kan hangen nesa ga al'umma. An raba jam'iyyarsu tsakanin masu son ci gaba da masu sassaucin ra'ayi a cikin tsarin Bill Clinton da Rahm Emanuel - ƙungiyoyi waɗanda, a cikin tsarin jam'iyyun Turai, da alama za su kasance. gida a cikin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban kuma mai yiwuwa maƙiya.
Ga kowane irin dalilai na haɗe-haɗe, shugabannin Demokraɗiyya sun saba ganin ƙungiyoyin jama'a a matsayin buƙatu na musamman don gamsar da ɗan rangwame, maimakon abubuwan da ke da mahimmanci ga nasarar su na dogon lokaci.
Haɗin kai na jam'iyyu ya ƙara yin rauni ta hanyar masu son ra'ayi, irin su Sens. Joe Manchin (WV) da Kyrsten Sinema (Ariz.) a Majalisar Dokokin Amurka, ko kuma Taron Dimokradiyya mai zaman kansa a majalisar dattijai ta jihar New York, wadanda suka ga ya dace da kansu su fice daga manyan jam'iyyar a lokuta masu mahimmanci.
Waɗannan neoliberals da centrists sun yi imanin cewa dole ne 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat su yi nasara ta hanyar yin wasa da tsaka-tsaki da kuma haɗin kai ga al'amuran Republican - ko dai a kan laifuka, makarantu, tallafi ga kasuwancin kamfanoni ko kuma kuɗaɗen kasafin kuɗi. Irin wannan dabarun wani lokaci yana haifar da nasara na ɗan gajeren lokaci, amma yana lalata tushen Hagu. Kuma tunda jam’iyyar ba ta yin amfani da karfin da ta dace wajen gina mazabunta, sai ta samar da wata kungiya maras tushe wacce duk ta fi fuskantar harin Republican.
A karshe, da ke kara tabarbarewar wadannan matsalolin, manyan masu lura da jam’iyyar sun yi hasashen siyasa a matsayin wani lamari na tsara dabarun siyasa, maimakon takaran zabe ba tare da bata lokaci ba. Kuma sha'awar sassaucin ra'ayi na wayewa da bangaranci ya sanya 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat su yi rashin nasara a cikin irin yakin siyasar da Norquist ya bayyana.
Ga kowane irin dalilai na haɗe-haɗe, shugabannin Demokraɗiyya sun saba ganin ƙungiyoyin jama'a a matsayin buƙatu na musamman don gamsar da ɗan rangwame, maimakon abubuwan da ke da mahimmanci ga nasarar su na dogon lokaci. Sun mayar da hankali kadan a kan bunkasar tattalin arziki, balle a fadada karfin kungiyoyin kwadago, duk da matsin lamba daga tushe na yin hakan.
A matakin siyasar kasa, 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat sun kasa sake sabunta dokar aiki ta hanyar gwamnatoci da yawa - tare da Shugaba Bill Clinton maimakon yin watsi da ƙungiyoyi tare da amincewa da Yarjejeniyar Kasuwancin Kasuwanci ta Arewacin Amirka. A matsayin ɗan jaridar siyasa Robert Kuttner ya rubuta a cikin littafinsa na 2018, Shin Dimukradiyya Za Ta Ci Gaba Da Jari-Hujja Ta Duniya: "A nan kuma, daidaitawar da ke tsakanin wata dabara mai tsauri, jam'iyyar Republican da jam'iyyar Democrat mai cin gashin kanta ke fada."
Tsawon rabin karni, ƙungiyar ƙwadago tana gaya wa gwamnatocin Demokraɗiyya cewa dokar ƙwadago ta Amurka ba ta da bege ba, kuma masu ɗaukar ma'aikata waɗanda ke lalata ƙungiyoyin ƙungiyoyi ta hanyar tsoratar da ma'aikata da korar shugabannin ƙungiyoyin suna fuskantar kaɗan. Kuttner ya rubuta cewa "Amma jam'iyyar Democrat ta shugaban kasa, wacce aka yi wa kaca-kaca tsakanin bangaren masu sassaucin ra'ayi da reshen Wall Street/New Democrat, ba ta son sanya shi fifiko don taimakawa ma'aikata su mallaki hakkinsu a karkashin dokar Wagner," in ji Kuttner. , ko da lokacin da 'yan Democrat ke da rinjaye a Majalisa, "kamar yadda suka yi shekaru hudu a karkashin Shugaba Carter, biyu a karkashin Clinton, biyu a karkashin Obama."
A cikin shugabannin jihohi, matsalar ta fi fitowa fili. Rashin dimokiradiyya bayan samun ikon trifecta ya zama babban bambanci da juriyar Republican. Kuma a cikin muhimman al’amura, jam’iyyar ta yi amfani da damar da za ta samar da sauyi. Abin da ya faru a Iowa a cikin 2008 misali ne bayyananne. 'Yan jam'iyyar Democrat sun sami trifecta a shekarar da ta gabata, tare da ƙungiyoyin ƙwadago da ke goyon bayan Gwamna Chet Culver a cikin gwagwarmaya mai tsanani, sakamakon alƙawarin da ya yi na yin watsi da 'yancin yin aiki a jihar. Amma lokacin da 'yan kungiyar a karshe suka gabatar da kudirin doka ta majalisar dokokin jihar da zai maido da wani iko ga kungiyoyin ma'aikata, Culver ya ki amincewa da hakan.
Ken Sager, sannan shugaban kungiyar kwadago ta Iowa, AFL-CIO, bayyana abin kyama da bacin rai ga Iowa Independent. "Mun yi mamaki sosai," in ji shi, "kuma mun ji daga wasu shugabannin majalisa da yawa waɗanda suka yi mamaki kamar mu." Jaridar kungiyar kwadago, a halin da ake ciki. aka bayyana Ayyukan Culver a matsayin "cin amana da waje." Kamar yadda takardar ta ruwaito, "Taron Majalisar Dokoki ta 2008 zai shiga cikin tarihin ma'aikata na Iowa a matsayin zaman lokacin da wani gwamnan Demokaradiyya ya juya baya ga kungiyoyin da suka goyi bayansa da himma tare da taimaka masa aka zabe shi."
Idan Culver ya yi tunanin cewa yin wasa a tsakiya da kuma soke buƙatun motsi zai haskaka makomar siyasarsa ta gaba, ya yi kuskure. A zaɓe, matakin ya zama rauni na kansa: Ba wai kawai ya taimaka wajen rufe makomarsa a matsayinsa na gwamna na wa'adi ɗaya ba, ya zama farkon ƙarshen yunƙurin jam'iyyar a siyasar Iowa. Culver ya yi rashin nasarar sake zabensa ga Republican Terry Branstad a 2010. GOP ya sami iko da Majalisar Wakilai ta Iowa a lokaci guda, kuma ya mallaki Majalisar Dattawa bayan ’yan shekaru. A cikin 2017, a cikin watanni na tabbatar da haɗin gwiwar gwamnati, 'yan Republican na Iowa sun zartar da matakan yaƙi da ƙungiyoyi har ma fiye da na Wisconsin. Suna da rike trifecta a jihar tun daga lokacin.
An sami irin wannan tashin hankalin tsakanin lokacin-Gov. Bill Ritter da ƙungiyar ma'aikata a Colorado. Kamar Culver, Ritter dan Democrat ne wanda aka zaba a 2006 kuma ya karbi mulki a 2007; kuma kamar yadda Culver yake, sababbin ƴan jam'iyyar Democrat a majalisun biyu na gwamnatin jihar sun ba shi dama ta tarihi don yin gyare-gyaren tsarin. Duk da haka, kodayake Ritter ya dogara ga aiki don tallafawa kamfen ɗinsa, nan da nan ya ƙi amincewa da lissafin 2007 wanda zai yi. ya saukaka kafa kungiyoyin kwadago ta hanyar kawar da daya daga cikin zabukan biyu da Colorado ke bukata a wuraren aiki masu sha'awar haɗin kai: ɗaya don kafa ƙungiya ɗaya kuma wani don kafa kantin duk ƙungiyoyi.
Sannan, a cikin Mayu 2009, Ritter vetoed lissafin da zai biyo baya wanda zai sauƙaƙa wa ma'aikata kullewa daga wuraren aikinsu don karɓar kuɗin rashin aikin yi na jihar. Bayan makonni, ya vetoed doka ta uku da 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat suka zartar wanda zai ba da tabbacin haƙƙin cinikin gamayya ga masu kashe gobara.
"Lokacin da ya yi yakin neman zabe, ya bayyana a fili cewa yana bayan kungiyar kwadago," in ji Steve Vairma, a lokacin sakatare ma'ajin na Teamsters Local 455, ya ce a lokacin. “Mun gaji da ganin lissafin bayan lissafin ya fado kan alkalami. Ba shi ne mutumin da muka zaci muna zabe ba.” Daga baya, membobin kungiyar tsince da dama daga cikin abubuwan tara kuɗi na Ritter a Washington a cikin 2009, wasu kuma sun bayyana a zanga-zangar a Colorado waɗanda ke ɗauke da alamu tare da tambayar furucin, "Me yasa Ritter ke ƙin iyalai masu aiki?"
Kamar Culver, Ritter kuma ya zama gwamna na wa'adi ɗaya. Daga cikin masu adawa da kungiyarsa, Dave Kenney, manajan yakin neman zaben Ritter da aka soke, ya ce Kawai, "Wani lokaci zama gwamna yana nufin ka ce a'a ga abokanka."
Shin wannan lokacin zai iya bambanta?
Duk da cewa sakamakon zaben da aka gudanar a matakin jihohi daga shekarar 2022 ya ba da wasu kyakyawan fata cewa wannan lokacin na iya bambanta, alamu na fargaba sun fara bayyana.
A gefe mai kyau, a cikin shekaru da yawa da suka gabata masu ra'ayin demokraɗiyya, masu neman koyo daga gazawar dabarun da suka gabata, sun fara ɗaukar tseren matakin jihohi da mahimmanci tare da saka hannun jari a cikin su daidai. Har ila yau, suna samun ci gaba wajen yin amfani da iko a majalisun dokokin jihohi da dama a karkashin ikon Demokradiyya. Ƙungiyoyin ci gaba irin su Musanya Innovation na Jiha, Yawancin Gaba, Ayyukan Jihohi da kuma Gundumar 'yar uwa sun fara yin gogayya da kungiyoyi masu ra’ayin rikau irinsu ALEC da kuma ‘State Policy Network’, wajen cin nasara ga masu rinjaye da kuma bayar da shawarwarin doka.
A bana, a cikin sauran nasarorin da aka samu, 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat sun lashe zabukan gwamna a wasu muhimman jahohin "bangon shudi" guda uku: Michigan, Pennsylvania da Wisconsin. Su kuma majalisar dokokin Michigan daga ja zuwa shuɗi, ya sami rinjaye a majalisar dattijan jihar da ake buƙata don ƙirƙirar trifecta a Minnesota, sami Gwamnonin da suka ba su hadaddiyar gwamnatoci a Massachusetts da Maryland, kuma sun ci gaba da rike ikon hukumomin biyu a Colorado, Maine, Nevada da Oregon.
"Muna kan hanyarmu ta komawa kan karagar mulki bayan shekaru 50 na zuba jari ga 'yan Republican da kuma sakaci da yawa daga jam'iyyar Democrat," in ji Vicky Hausman, shugaban masu rinjaye na gaba, kwanan nan. ya gaya Axios.
Abin tambaya a nan shi ne, ta yaya ‘yan majalisar za su yi amfani da wannan sabon iko?
A zaman majalisar dokokin da ke tafe, shugabannin jam'iyyar Democrat a jahohin kasar sun sha alwashin samar da tallafi ga makarantun gwamnati, da fadada ilimin yara, da tsaurara matakan takaita bindigogi, da kare gidaje masu saukin kudi da kuma kara samun kudaden haraji ga ma'aikata masu karamin karfi da matsakaita. Waɗannan gyare-gyare ne masu ma'ana waɗanda za su samar da ci gaba mai ma'ana a cikin rayuwar mutane, amma babu wanda ke karkata zuwa ga canjin mulki a cikin dogon lokaci.
Matan Bakar fata na farko da suka yi aiki a Majalisar Dattawan Jiha, Sen. Zaynab Mohamed, DFL-Minneapolis, Sen. Clare Oumou Verbeten, DFL-St. Paul da Sanata Erin Maye Quade, DFL-Apple Valley, sun fito tare da alkali Wilhelmina Wright, na biyu daga hagu, don daukar hoto yayin da Majalisar Dokokin 2023 ke taro tare da 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat a hukumance suna karɓar cikakken ikon gwamnatin jihar tare da kusan dala biliyan 18 don kashewa. . Talata, Jan. 3, 2023 St. Paul, Minn. (Hoto daga Glen Stubbe/Star Tribune ta Hotunan Getty)
Ko da a cikin jihohin trifecta, dabarun 'yan Democrat har yanzu ya kai wasan tsaro. Ci gaba da yin laifi zai haifar da koyo daga ƙarfin hali mara kunya na Dama. Yana nufin yin amfani da mafi yawan 'yan Democrat don gina ƙungiyoyin jama'a da sake rarraba iko da albarkatu ta hanya mafi ɗorewa - sanya ƙima akan nau'ikan canje-canje a wasu lokuta ana tattauna su azaman "madaukakan ra'ayoyin siyasa"ko masu ra'ayin gurguzu kamar"gyare-gyaren da ba na kawo sauyi ba. "
Daga cikin sababbin jihohin trifecta, Michigan da Minnesota sune mafi mahimmanci, kuma su biyun na iya kawo ƙarshen samfoti daban-daban na yiwuwar makomar jam'iyyar Democrat.
A Michigan, akwai alamun cewa 'yan Democrat na iya maimaita kuskuren da suka gabata. Bayan zaben shekarar da ta gabata, da farko masu son ci gaba sun yi kaurin suna kan abin da za su iya cim ma. Sanata Darrin Camilleri na jihar Dimokuradiyya mai shigowa ya bayyana, "Muna da matukar mahimmanci game da soke hakkin yin aiki. Wani abu ne da ‘yan jam’iyyar Republican suka yi wa wannan majalisa cikas shekaru 10 da suka gabata wadanda ba su damu da kungiyoyin kwadago ko ma’aikata ba.”
Ba kamar jihohi irin su Nevada da suka daɗe suna yin aiki ba, dokar hana ƙungiyoyin jama'a ta Michigan sabuwar sabuwar doka ce, kuma hakan ya kasance babbar nasara a cikin jihar da ke da tarihin fa'ida na tattara ƙwadago da kuma tarin ma'aikatan da ke aiki da shuɗi. Don haka, soke dokar yana da ma'ana ta alama. A lokacin da aka fara sabon zaman majalisar, 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat sun sanar da kudurorinsu na farko, wanda ke da matukar muhimmanci hada da sanya sokewar dama-da-aiki a kan docket.
Koyaya, waɗannan matakan duk da haka, 'yan Democrat na Michigan na iya yin ɓarna da damar da suka samu. Slim margins a cikin kowane ɗaki yana haifar da haɗari cewa ƙungiyar ba za ta riƙe ladabi a tsakanin membobinta ba. Tuni, akwai alamun shinge. Kamar yadda Detroit News An ruwaito a ranar 11 ga Janairu, “Dimokradiyya sun kasance tattaunawa yadda za a hanzarta ci gaba da soke haƙƙin yin aiki a cikin sabon wa'adin" kuma shugabar masu rinjaye na Majalisar Dattawa Winnie Brinks "ba ta kasance ranar Laraba ba kan ko tana son soke dokar."
Gwamna Gretchen Whitmer shi ma bai cika da sha'awa ba, furtawa a ranar 10 ga Janairu cewa soke hakkin yin aiki ba zai zama babban fifikonta ba: "Ba zan jagoranci hakan ba," in ji ta. Masu fafutuka na yankin sun nuna rashin jin dadin yadda sauran 'yan majalisar Demokradiyya suka yi juya don rage tsammanin da kuma yin kira ga hadin gwiwar bangarorin biyu.
An farfado da matsayin siyasa na Democrats na Michigan a farkon wuri ta hanyar a tushen-gudu redistricting drive. Samfurin juriya na Trump, kamfen ya gabatar da babban nasara a 2018 shirin zabe wanda ya kawar da zaren gundumomi daga hannun ‘yan mazan jiya, kuma a karshe ya share fagen fafatawar masu neman ci gaba a sassa da dama na jihar.
Yunkurin ya kasance kyakkyawan misali na nau'ikan gyare-gyaren da za su iya haifar da sakamako mai dorewa wajen sake fasalin yanayin siyasa. Amma idan 'yan jam'iyyar Democrat suka kasa tallafawa tushensu, lokacin da suke mulki zai iya zama takaice. Kamar yadda Branden Snyder, darektan zartarwa na grassroots Detroit Action, ya gaya POLITICO a watan Nuwamba, "Don jinkirin wasan ko kuma a'a yin shi kwata-kwata yana ba da cikakkiyar sigina ga mutanen da suka kada kuri'a don wannan babban jigon cewa 'yan majalisarmu ba sa daukar su da mahimmanci."
Yin kwaikwayon ƙirar Minnesota
A cikin damuwa cewa irin wannan flop ɗin na iya samuwa, Minnesota tana ba da madadin bege mai yawa. Shekaru goma da suka gabata, Jam'iyyar Democratic - Farmer - Labour Party, ko DFL, kamar yadda aka san jam'iyyar a can, ta sami matsala mai wuyar gaske lokacin da zabukan 2012 ya karkatar da majalisun biyu na majalisar dokokin jihar. Duk da cewa ya dauki tsawon shekaru biyu ne kawai, 'yan majalisar sun yi fatali da yanayin dambarwar dimokiradiyya da aka gani a Iowa da Colorado kuma a maimakon haka sun yi amfani da rinjayen su.
A cikin menene Uwar Jones duba"Wellstone's Revenge, "bayan marigayi Sanata Paul Wellstone mai ci gaba, jam'iyyar ta wuce a torrent na dokokin ciki har da matakan da suka haifar da musayar inshorar lafiyar jama'a, wanda aka bude a duniya kyauta duk ranar kindergarten ga dalibai a fadin jihar da kuma kara harajin masu hannu da shuni. Su kuma tashe mafi karancin albashi da kuma kididdige shi zuwa hauhawar farashin kaya, tare da tabbatar da cewa bene zai tashi a hankali ba tare da bukatar fadace-fadacen majalisa akai-akai ba.
Dangane da gyare-gyaren tsari, majalisa ta yi fice wajen zartar da doka fadada haƙƙoƙin tsari ga ma'aikatan kula da yara da na gida da aka keɓe a baya. Lokacin da wasu ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya 20,000 daga baya suka yi amfani da waɗannan haƙƙoƙin kuma suka shiga ƙungiyoyi, ya ba da gudummawa ga mafi girman faɗaɗa ƙungiyoyin ƙwadago na jihar cikin shekaru da yawa. Tsakanin 2014 da 2022, membobin ƙungiyar a Minnesota - wanda, kamar matakan haɗin kai na ƙasa, ya ragu sosai a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata - ya fara sake dawowa. Yayin da jihar ta kasance gida ga mambobin kungiyar 360,000 a cikin 2014, adadin ƙara zuwa 416,000 sama da shekaru takwas. Sabanin hasashen masu ra'ayin mazan jiya cewa matakan ci gaba za su durkusar da tattalin arzikin Minnesota, karuwar albashi Hakama a cikin jihar.
'Yan jam'iyyar Republican sun sake kwace majalisar wakilai ta jihar a zaben shekarar 2014, inda aka kafa gwamnati kusan shekaru goma na rabuwar kai. Amma DFL ta yi nasara a tsakiyar wa'adi na shekarar da ta gabata ta haifar da wani lokacin dama. Tare da sabon trifecta a wurin, 'yan Democrat na Minnesota sun sake shirya don samar da abin ƙira don yadda ake yin canjin canji. DFL ta samfotin tsare-tsare zuwa magance jerin batutuwa masu tsawo, daga tabbatar da haƙƙin zubar da ciki zuwa halatta tabar wiwi, hana amfani da bindigogi, haɓaka kuɗin makaranta, samar da tallafin kula da yara, faɗaɗa tsaftataccen makamashi da ba da umarni ga dangi da aka biya da hutun rashin lafiya.
'Yan majalisar kuma suna bin sauye-sauyen da za su iya karfafa sauye-sauye tare da sauya ma'aunin madafun iko a jihar. A ranar 6 ga Janairu, bikin tunawa da tashin hankali na hannun dama a Capitol na Amurka, shugabannin DFL sanar cewa sun kasance gabatarwa wani doka mai ƙarfi don faɗaɗa haƙƙin jefa ƙuri'a. Gina kan kariya mai ƙarfi a jihar, matakin zai ƙaddamar da rajistar masu jefa ƙuri'a ta atomatik ga yara masu shekaru 18, maido da ikon amfani da sunan ga mutanen da ke tsare a da, da ƙara bayyana gaskiya game da kuɗin yaƙin neman zaɓe da kuma tabbatar da zaɓin zaɓe ta hanyar wasiƙar.
Shugaban masu rinjaye na Majalisar Dattawa Kari Dziedzic ya ce "Mun buga kofofi 500,000 yayin yakin neman zabe." ya gaya wani yanki NBC kanti a farkon Janairu. "Mun saurari 'yan Minnesota sun gaya mana cewa sun damu da cewa ana ci gaba da kai wa dimokaradiyya hari, a matakin jihohi da kuma a matakin kasa."
A bangaren ma’aikata kuwa, masu fafutuka suna ta kokarin samar da tanade-tanade da za su bai wa kungiyoyin ma’aikata damar samun sabbin ma’aikata a lokacin gudanar da ayyukansu, ta yadda za su samu damar shiga cikin gaggawa a matsayin mambobi – kwatankwacin dokar da ta kafa. ya wuce in California a shekarar 2022. Har ila yau, suna bin sauye-sauye ga dokar aikin yi na jihar da za ta bai wa ma'aikatan da ke yajin aiki damar karbar inshorar rashin aikin yi, wanda zai iya ba da tallafi mai tsanani ga tsagerun kwadago. A ƙarshe, ana sa ran za a ba da izinin doka don kwangila mai mahimmanci tare da mataimakan kula da lafiya na gida wanda zai ba da damar ban mamaki. inganta a cikin rayuwar ma'aikata masu rahusa zuwa matsakaicin albashi da kuma kara tabbatar da tsawon shekaru goma na tsattsauran ra'ayi.
Kakakin Majalisar Melissa Hortman ta ce "Mun daidaita kan dabi'unmu da abubuwan da muka sa gaba kuma a shirye muke mu yi aiki tukuru da yin aiki cikin sauri don biyan bukatun 'yan Minnesota." ya gaya haɗin gwiwar CBS na gida.
Shugabannin ƙwadago na gida suna ba da shawarar cewa irin wannan saurin yana da garantin, kuma tarihi ya nuna shirye-shiryen ci gaba a ɓangaren ƙungiyoyin ci gaba yana da mahimmanci don samun ci gaba. Shawarwari na manufofin da aka gasa da kuma shirye su tafi a farkon zaman na 2013 sun yi kyau sosai, kuma manyan nasarorin da aka samu na shekaru biyu na gwamnatin hadin kan kasa galibi sun ci gaba a farkon watannin wannan trifecta. Sai dai kuma, a shekara mai zuwa, lokacin da zabukan ‘yan majalisar da suka dawo kan kada kuri’a a shekarar 2014, sha’awar kawo sauyi ta dushe.
Wasu jihohin da suka fi dogaro da shuɗi sun nuna cewa wasu manufofin jama'a na iya tallafawa shiryawa. A cikin 2010, Oregon kafa wani ma'auni na haramta tarurrukan "masu sauraro na kama" wanda masu daukar ma'aikata ke tura matsayi na adawa da ma'aikata. Kuma a watan Nuwamban da ya gabata, masu jefa ƙuri'a a Illinois amince gyaran kundin tsarin mulki wanda ya tanadi haƙƙin yin ciniki tare a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin jiharsu, tare da tabbatar da cewa jihar ba za ta iya aiwatar da dokar yin aiki ba. Kamar yadda Liz Shuler, Shugaban AFL-CIO, ya gaya POLITICO, "Illinois na iya zama taswirar hanya ga wasu jihohi," gami da "yadda aka yi wannan yaƙin neman zaɓe da labari da kuma sirrin miya da za mu iya yadawa zuwa wasu jihohi."
Za mu ga a cikin watanni masu zuwa ko sabbin 'yan Democrat a cikin jihohi za su yi kwatankwacin gazawar Bill Ritter da Chet Culver, ko kuma za su iya yin kwarin gwiwa daga yunƙurin ci gaban Minnesota. Amma idan jam'iyyar za ta dakatar da harin da 'yan jam'iyyar Republican ke yi wa wadanda ba su ji tsoron tura wata manufa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ba, dole ne shugabannin su gane cewa babu wani aiki da ya fi muhimmanci ga makomar 'yan Democrat kamar aiwatar da manufofin da ke inganta gina mulki daga kasa.
Taimakon bincike daga Raina Lipsitz da Sean Welch.
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Bada Tallafi