Ga da yawa aikin ma'aikata na Windows da Doors na Jamhuriyar Chicago a ranar 5 ga Disamba na iya zama abin mamaki. Amma ga ma'aikatan Amurka da ke fuskantar mummunan yanayin tattalin arziki - yajin aikin zaman dirshan na Chicago ya haifar da zazzafar tartsatsi tsakanin ma'aikatan da ke cike da kudaden tallafi na kamfanoni da asarar ayyukan yi. A tsakiyar rikicin hada-hadar kudi, an bar ma'aikata da dama daga ma'aikata da kuma zurfafa koma bayan tattalin arziki da wani zabin da zai dauki mataki kai tsaye domin kare hakkokinsu.
A Chicago, gungun ma'aikata sun yanke shawarar mamaye shukar su - don neman a biya su alawus da fa'ida bayan an kore su daga aiki ba zato ba tsammani. A cikin masana'antar, ma'aikata 50 sun juya yayin aikin - suna zaune da ƙarfi a kan kujeru na ninke tare da kula da injinan tsit. A waje, magoya bayansa da sauran 'yan kungiyar sun dauki tutoci domin nuna goyon baya ga yajin aikin zaman dirshan na Chicago da ke cewa "Bankin Amurka ya ba da belin, an sayar da ma'aikata."
Ma'aikata a masana'antar Windows da Doors na Jamhuriyar Chicago suna ba da misali ga miliyoyin mutanen da ke shirin rasa ayyukansu a koma bayan tattalin arzikin Amurka. Su ne muryar ma'aikata waɗanda ke ganin shirin ceton gaggawa na Wall Street a matsayin rashin adalci kuma a ƙarshe ya cutar da Amurka. Daya daga cikin wadanda suka yi nasara a Wall Street, Bank of America, banki na biyu mafi girma a Amurka kuma babban wanda ya ci gajiyar shirin ceton bankunan da gwamnati ta yi, ya ki bai wa kamfanin Republic Windows da Doors rancen dala miliyan 1.5 da kamfanin ke bin ma’aikatan 200 a cikin su. sallama da biyan hutu.
"Miliyoyin ma'aikata a Amurka suna ganin an raba musu ayyukansu ko kuma an rage musu sa'o'in aikinsu. Yawancin ma'aikata ne kawai ke share su a karkashin tarko," in ji Daniel Gross, wanda ya shirya tare da Ma'aikatan Masana'antu na Duniya. Adadin marasa aikin yi a Amurka ya kai shekaru 15 da kusan guraben ayyuka miliyan 1.9 aka rasa kawo yanzu a cikin 2008. Tare da tattalin arzikin da bai nuna alamun farfadowa a cikin watanni masu zuwa ba, korar ma'aikata na rashin adalci da bailouts na yaudara na iya zama tarkon da ya karye. bayan rakumi. Gross ya ci gaba da cewa, "Ma'aikatan Windows da Doors na jamhuriyar ma za su tafi haka. Amma a maimakon haka sai suka dauki mataki mai sauki, mai kyau na zama tare da mamaye masana'anta."
An yi amfani da sana'o'in ma'aikata tun farkon juyin juya halin masana'antu a matsayin dabara ga ma'aikata don kare kansu daga mummunan yanayin aiki, wuraren aiki marasa tsaro da harbe-harbe. A Latin Amurka, ma'aikata sun yi amfani da sana'ar masana'anta ba kawai don sauraron bukatunsu ba amma don aiwatar da aikin sarrafa kai na ma'aikata.
Ma'aikatan Argentina sun rayu cikin irin wannan rikicin shekaru takwas da suka gabata, a lokacin rikicin kuɗi mafi muni a ƙasar a cikin Disamba 2001. Haɓaka rashin aikin yi, babban jirgin sama, da wargajewar masana'antu sun kasance tushen koma bayan masana'antu. Rashin aikin yi ya buga matakan rikodin - sama da 20% marasa aikin yi da 40% na yawan jama'a sun kasa samun isasshen aikin yi. Sakamakon ya kasance daruruwan masana'antu da kasuwancin da ma'aikata suka mamaye. A mafi yawan lokuta ma'aikatan sun mamaye wuraren aikinsu don neman albashin da ba a biya ba, albashin sallama, tsaro na zamantakewa da kuma lokacin hutun da ya wuce. A yawancin lokuta sana'ar ta kasance tabbacin cewa masu ba za su iya yin fashin injuna da sauran haja don sayar da su daga baya ba. Amma bukatunsu na ci gaba da girma don kiyaye ayyukansu. Ba tare da fatan shugabannin za su sake dawowa don biyan ma'aikata bashin da suke bi ba, ma'aikata sun tsara shirye-shiryen fara samar da kayayyaki ba tare da wani shugaba ko mai shi ba.
Fiye da ma'aikata 10,000 ne ma'aikata 200 na Argentina ke ɗaukar aiki. Yawancin waɗannan kamfanoni da aka dawo dasu yanzu suna fuskantar barazanar korarsu. Ma'aikatan da ma'aikatan Argentina suka mamaye masana'antu sukan ce suna yin abin da shugabannin ba su da sha'awar yi, samar da ayyukan yi da samarwa ga al'umma.
Idan aka yi la'akari da rikicin tattalin arzikin da ake fama da shi a Amurka, yawancin ma'aikatan Argentina ba tare da shugabanni ba suna mamakin lokacin da ma'aikatan Amurka za su bi sawun su. A wani taron tattaunawa kan kamfanonin da aka dawo da su a watan Nuwamba Ernesto Gonzalez, ma'aikaci a kamfanin buga ma'aikata na Chilavert ya yi wannan tambayar. "Ka yi tunanin idan muna da General Motors a Detroit a ƙarƙashin ikon ma'aikata ... za mu iya canza duniya. Me zai hana idan ta faru a nan a ƙarshen duniya?"
Tunanin masu kera motoci na Amurka a Detroit a matsayin haɗin gwiwar ma'aikata na iya zama kamar mafarkin mahaukaci. Ga Gonzalez, wanda ke aiki a wani ma'aikacin Chilavert ma'aikaci da ke shagaltar da masana'anta a Buenos Aires, wannan mafarkin gaskiya ne. A lokacin rikicin kuɗi na Kudancin Amirka a shekara ta 2001, ya mamaye wurin aikinsa kuma ya yi yaƙi har sai da shi da abokan aikinsa suka sami amincewar doka.
Amma ba Detroit ba ne inda mai kera motoci GM ke ɗokin jiran lamunin gaggawa na dala biliyan 15. Ma'aikata sun mamaye masana'antar su a Chicago, gidan shahidan Haymarket kuma cibiyar shirya ƙungiyoyi masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, a ɗaya daga cikin masana'antar Amurka ta farko tun bayan hare-haren ta'addanci na 1930's.
Dukansu ayyukan Windows da Doors na Chicago da ma'aikatan ma'aikata na Argentina suna nuna dabarun ma'aikata na kare haƙƙinsu da ɗaukar nasu makoma. Lokacin wahala yana buƙatar matakan matsananciyar wahala - ma'aikata a Amurka a ƙarshe sun tashi tsaye. "Sakamakon [yajin zama na Chicago] ya kasance mai ban sha'awa," in ji Gross. "Ma'aikata a duk faɗin ƙasar suna nuna haɗin kai kuma ra'ayoyi suna ta'azzara dangane da yanayin aikin mutane." A wani nuni da cewa lokaci yana canzawa, hatta shugaba mai jiran gado Barak Obama ya aike da kalaman nuna goyon baya ga ma'aikatan tagogi da kofofin jamhuriyar.
A halin da ake ciki, a Argentina wasu misalan da suka yi nasara na sarrafa kansu na ma'aikata suna fuskantar munanan hare-hare na doka. Yawancin wadannan masana'antun da aka dawo da su a yanzu suna fuskantar barazanar korar jama'a, tare da kananan hukumomi da na kasa ba su son samar da dokoki da za su taimaka wa ma'aikata su gudanar da kansu. Otal ɗin BAUEN ɗaya ne irin wannan misali. Otal din mai hawa 19 mai daki 180 ya fara aiki tun lokacin da ma’aikata suka karbe shi a shekarar 2003. A shekarar da ta gabata ne wani alkali na gwamnatin tarayya ya ba kungiyar hadin gwiwar BAUEN sanarwar korar ta. Dokar kwace ƙasa na iya zama tushen doka ta ƙarshe na ƙungiyar, tare da sanarwar korar har yanzu.
A cewar Fabio Resino, ma'aikaci daga kungiyar hadin gwiwar BAUEN, fargabar asarar ayyukan yi da ke kusa da tattalin arzikin Argentina sakamakon rikicin duniya na iya haifar da kin amincewar da gwamnati ta yi na mara baya ga masana'antun da ma'aikata suka mamaye. "Al'amarin BAUEN ba wai kawai wani tsari bane, hari ne na dakatar da wani tsari wanda aka fara a 2001, lokacin da ma'aikata suka karbi kasuwancin da tsofaffin shugabannin suka kwashe, yanzu lokaci ne mai mahimmanci ga kasar, inda rikicin duniya zai iya haifar da rikici. rufe masana'anta da harbin jama'a kamar yadda muke gani, ga da yawa daga cikin masu rike da madafun iko, bai dace a samu misalin kamfanonin da aka dawo da su ba, shi ya sa ake kai wa farfagandar kasuwanci da kai ma'aikata hari."
Ma'aikatan Argentina da suka mamaye masana'antu sun sami nasarar aiwatar da ra'ayoyin da ke ƙalubalantar dabarun jari-hujja: Mamaya, Tsaya, Samar. Sun gina wuraren aiki na dimokuradiyya, ayyukan al'umma da hanyoyin haɗin kai tare da ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa a duniya. Amma mafi mahimmanci, sun yi tambaya game da tsarin jari-hujja na sanya riba akan mutane. Wannan na iya zama alamar dalilin da yasa gwamnatin Argentina ba ta tallafawa masana'antu da kasuwanci masu sarrafa kansu da yawa.
Abokan aiki da yawa sun yi kamanceceniya tsakanin masana'antar zaune ta Chicago da kuma boren ma'aikatan Argentina. Upsidedownworld ya rubuta "Duk da cewa ma'aikata a Jamhuriyar Windows da Doors sun bambanta ta fuskoki da yawa ga misalan ayyukan ma'aikata a Argentina, yana da kyau a yi la'akari da irin yanayin da ma'aikata a kasashen biyu suka sami kansu a ciki, da kuma yadda suke fama da baya," in ji Upsidedownworld. Editan .org Ben Dangl a cikin labarin kwanan nan. Dangl daidai ne cewa ma'aikata a duk duniya na iya samun ƙwarin gwiwa ta shawarar ba zato ba tsammani da ma'aikatan Windows da Doors na Jamhuriyar suka yanke na mamaye shukar su don saurarar bukatunsu.
Ma'aikatar Chicago tana zaune ba kawai tana ba da taga zuwa lokutan wahala ba, har ma da dabarun gina canji daga ƙasa zuwa sama. Shin aikin da ake yi a Chicago zai iya motsa tasirin domino? Ma'aikacin Argentina ya mamaye kasuwanci da masana'antu suna ba da taga yadda duniya za ta kasance idan za a saita tasirin domino a kan babban sikeli. Duniya za ta zama wurin da babu shugabanni, masu matsayi, zalunci ko amfani. Wanene ya sani, aikin da ake yi a Chicago da kuma nasarar jagorancin ma'aikaci a Argentina na iya zama alamun cewa duniya ta shirya don wannan mafarki na utopian ya zama gaskiya.
Marie Trigona marubuciya ce, mai shirya rediyo kuma mai shirya fina-finai da ke Buenos Aires. Ana iya samun ta a [email kariya]. Don ƙarin bayani kan kasuwancin Argentina da aka dawo da su ziyarar www.agoratv.org