Eminyakeni ethile edlule uThomas Frank wayibethela encwadini yakhe, I-Wrecking Crew.
Yayinesihloko esingezansi esithi "Indlela Abagadli Ababusa Ngayo" futhi yabonisa ukuthi ukuzicabangela okuncane kanye nokugxeka okwenziwa kahle enkonzweni yezimpi zezinhlangothi kukhubaze kanjani isimiso sethu sezombangazwe, okubangele ukukhubazeka okujulile - naphezu kosongo lokuwa.
Ngikubiza ngokuthi ukucekela phansi, iqhinga elibuyela emuva futhi elibandakanya umzamo wamabomu wokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinguquko zibukela phansi ngempumelelo.
Lapho incwadi iphuma, Abashicileli Weekly wayincoma futhi wayigxeka ngomoya ofanayo, ebhala, "uFrank udweba isithombe esiyinkimbinkimbi nesigcwele uzungu esikhanyisa imikhuba emibi neyimpikiswano yeqembu lama-Republican ekhulwini lama-20 nelama-21."
โNakuba ukuhlola nokuhumusha kukaFrank izehlakalo ezibalulekile, abadlali kanye nezimfundiso zeqembu zinembile futhi ziyathetheleleka, icala lakhe elikhulu le-Republican Party njengomthombo wakho konke okungalungile ngalesi sifunda futhi njengophawu lukahulumeni ozibhubhisayo luphika amaDemocrats kanye neqembu. izakhamizi izindima zazo kuntando yeningi ebolayo."
Kuyiqiniso kangakanani. Abazange baphikisane nalokho akutholile - bekubiza ngokuthi "kunembayo futhi kuyathetheleleka" - kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo baphawula ukuthi amalebula ezepolitiki avame ukuba yiziqondiso ezingezinhle zokuqonda ukuthi lo mdlalo udlalwa kanjani. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi ipolitiki ayiseyona (uma ike yaba njalo) umdlalo odlalwa ngosopolitiki nje. Ipolitiki manje isiyimboni ezidlalela enkundleni yezinto ezibonwayo nezingabonakali.
Namuhla, ama-hatchets ahlose ukucekela phansi izinguquko zezezimali ezidingeka kakhulu kumthethosivivinywa osuvele ukhishiwe futhi wakhethwa, wanqunywa, wasikwa futhi wadaywa yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-legislative compromise".
Manje, njengo-bin Laden elinde ukubulawa kwabantu ePakistan, ithimba le-Congressal Seal Six selilungele ukugxumela. Alikho ilungelo lebhizinisi noma inkambiso yamabhange enonya abagqugquzeli abangeke bayivikele egameni lokugqugquzela ukukhula komnotho.
Ihlazo elilodwa elimnandi locansi elibandakanya usopolitiki oyedwa noma ngaphezulu lithola inki eningi kunalo lonke uphenyo lokuthi izithakazelo ezikhethekile, abagqugquzeli abakhokhelwa kahle, abaxhasomali bezigidigidi, abashaya ngezibhamu abacabangayo kanye nabameli abashelelayo abaqashwayo basebenza kanjani ukuze bafeze isimo esikhona futhi bayeke. ngisho nezinguquko ezithambile, uma kungase kubize izimboni ezisebenzela imali noma ithonya.
Azikho izinguquko abangeke bazilungise ngokungapheli ukuze bakhohlwe.
Okokuqala bathuma futhi basebenzise izifundo mbumbulu ezikhethiwe ukuze "bafakazele" ukuthi kungani kufanele kuguqulwe izinguquko. Bese, nge-PR kanye nemidiya ehlanganisiwe, bahlela ukumbozwa ukwenza lokho abakufisayo. Baqala ngokuthile okuncane njengokuvikela amakhadi edebithi bese babhebhethekisa impi egcwele.
Ngenxa yeningi leDemocratic Alliance eSenate, umzamo wokubambezela imithetho elawula lokho amabhange nezinkampani zamakhadi esikweletu ezingakukhokhisa ukuze abathengisi bacubungule amakhadi wehliswa, New York Times ephawula ukuthi le mpi izoqhubeka: "Ngisho noma behluliwe, ivoti belimele umkhankaso omangalisayo wokunxenxa amabhange ukuthi alulame ekudakazweni kwawo ngesikhathi somoya owawumelene noWall Street owawugcwele ngonyaka odlule."
Eminyakeni emine edlule, izimakethe zancibilika, okwadala inkinga yomhlaba wonke. Kwalandela ukutakulwa futhi โukubuyiswaโ okuholwa yibhange kusize abaningi amabhange lulama. Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi nokudliwa kwempahla kuhlale kuphezulu. Ukukhula kubambekile. Inkinga iyaqhubeka.
Okufanele ngikwenze? Kwakukhona izikole zomcabango eziningana.
Abaphathi bazikhiyele benza umfelandawonye ne-Wall Street. Babulala iziphakamiso zokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo kanye nemingcele emandleni omnotho wangasese. Babegembula ngendlela ehlukile - uhlobo lwabo lwepolitiki esekelwe enkolweni - ngisho nanjengoba imisebenzi ingabonisi zimpawu zokubuya.
Ngamafuphi, abasenazo izimpendulo futhi abazimisele ukulwa nanoma yiziphi izimpi ezingcolile ngesakhiwo samandla sangempela. Egameni le-pragmatism, bakhaphela okwabo imikhankaso yokuyekethisa futhi balungela ngaphandle kweRiphabhulikhi ngisho namaRiphabhulikhi.
Bayibiza ngokuthi "unxantathu". Abagxeki babo bakubiza ngokuthi "i-sell-out", futhi okusele kwesobunxele kwasala ngaphandle ngokushesha.
Izazi zasentshonalanga (zasendle).
AmaRiphabhulikhi ahoxa emibonweni elula, esola yonke into kumaDemocrats kanye nezindleko zikahulumeni. Baqala ukufaka ukwesaba mayelana nokushoda ngendlela ababendulele ngayo ngokumelene "Ne-Red Menace".
KuKhongolose, amadoda ahlakaniphile aqhamuka nenguquko yezezimali ebizwa ngokuthi i-Dodd-Frank. Ngemva kokuyisusa kunoma iyiphi i-radicalism, banikeze izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokwandisa imithetho futhi bazama ukuphoqelela imboni yezezimali ukuthi yenze ngokuzibophezela ngokusobala kanye nokuziphendulela. Umthethosivivinywa uzichithe ngokusobala iziphakamiso zanoma yimaphi amazinga omhlaba.
U-Dodd-Frank wadlula, kodwa-ke ukuxoxisana kwangempela kwaqala ngokuthi imithetho emisha kufanele ibe yini. Imboni yezezimali yafaka ithimba elikhuthazayo labameli nabeluleki abanamandla angama-25 kuwo wonke amalungu eCongress. Izingxoxo zaphuma emehlweni omphakathi futhi zangena emihubheni evaliwe namakilabhu e-Washington.
Umphumela obikezelwe manje usuvele ku- New York Times:
"Cishe unyaka owodwa ngemuva kokuthi iCongress idlulise izinguquko kwezezimali ukuze ibambe iqhaza emabhange, imithetho yomthetho engaphezu kweshumi nambili isemva kwesheduli, futhi akupheli ukuxabana ngemininingwane."
Ukubambezeleka kuza njengoba abalawuli benweba izikhathi zokuphawula komphakathi ngemithetho, njengoba abanye ku-Wall Street nakuCongress benqaba izinguquko. Omunye umphumela ungase ube ukuthi izivikelo eziningi ezintsha azibambeki ngokuqinile ngaphambi kokhetho olulandelayo, umphumela ongavulela izikhulu ezisanda kukhethwa ithuba lokuhlehla ngokuphelele ekulungisweni kabusha.
Ibhulogi ehlonishwayo I-Capitalism Enqunu ukulandele lokhu ngemininingwane ebabazekayo. URichard Smith, onguchwepheshe we-IT ezimakethe ezinkulu ezinze eLondon, uphethe ngokuthi:
"Pho lokho kusishiya kuphi nezinguquko zethu zamabhange? Hhayi-ke, sinendlela encane yokubhekana nezidingo zemali yasebhange, okungaziwa ukuthi isebenza kanjani. Intaba isebenze kanzima, yazala igundane. Noma ungakhetha ukulandela inhlwathi/unogwaja. isithombe esifinyelele esiphethweni esingokoqobo ngokomzimba." (Ukuhumusha: Inyoka yagwinya unogwaja.)
U-Yves Smith, umhleli webhulogi, akamangazi - ephakamisa ukuthi lokhu kwakuwumphumela owawuhloselwe ngaso sonke isikhathi: Ukubulala umthethosivivinywa ngokubonakala "uyawuqinisa".
Pho sikuphi? Akukho ndawo, noma mhlawumbe kubi nakakhulu kunalokho. Abaningi emphakathini beseka izinguquko ezihlanganisa nokuvikelwa kwabathengi - futhi bacabanga ukuthi seziyasetshenziswa. Uma kwenzeka ukuphahlazeka kwemakethe okulandelayo, njengoba abaningi abangaphakathi besaba ukuthi kuzokwenzeka, bazobona ukuthi kudlalwe kanjani, kodwa-ke kuzobe sekwephuze kakhulu.
Ingabe silahliwe ngokuningi kwalokhu kugibela i-rollercoaster kuya ku-apocalypse?
USmith ubonakala enengekile, eveza ukuthi ngisho nalezi zinguquko ezinzima zivele "ekuhlaziyeni okubuthakathaka kwezimbangela zokuphahlazeka, ezinye iziphakamiso ezibukeka zingahlangani, ezinye ze-BS ezithambile. Uhlobo lokukhetha inkinga, nababambe iqhaza abalungile. Kodwa yini le umphumela womcabango wezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye kanye nokuhweba ngamahhashi namaKhongolose akhathazekile, ama-lobbyists ajaha nabavoti abathukuthele?"
Yini ngempela?
Siyabona ukuthi konke lokhu kuphokophelephi. Sizothola maduze nje uma izibikezelo "zokucindezeleka okukhulu, okukhulu" zingenzeka. Inkinga iwukuthi nakuba abaningi bebona ukucabanga kwesimiso esingenangqondo, esicekeleke phansi ngokuyinkimbinkimbi ngaphakathi, simiselwe ukwenza ukuphahlazeka kwesitimela kungenzeki. Kulokhu, amaphephandaba ashoda kakhulu.
Umhleli wezomnotho okhaliphile we Guardian, uLarry Eliot, ubona indlela eyodwa kuphela yokunqanda le nhlekelele.
"Inqubomgomo, njengakuqala, ihloselwe ukukhula ngoba ukwesaba okukhulu okukhona kweFederal Reserve, uMgcinimafa kanye nanoma ngubani ohlala eWhite House kuwukubuyela kuma-1930s."
"Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuntengantenga komnotho kwakubangelwa kakhulu izinqubomgomo zezomnotho eziye zajulisa ukuwohloka komnotho okubangelwa ukuvela kwebhamuza lemakethe yezabelo zawo-1920s. Ukusabela okubuthakathaka emithini yokukhula kwanamuhla kubonisa ukuthi i-US ihlelekile. buthaka kakhulu kunangeminyaka yawo-1930s.โ (Ukugcizelela okwami)
Ukuze kubhekwane nalobu buthakathaka, kufanele kuqedwe ukubanjwa kwezimali emnothweni - futhi kufanele kukhushulwe amandla emindeni evamile yokusebenzisa imali ukuze kuncishiswe ukuthembela kwayo esikweletini.
Singakwazi yini ukunqamula ukugxambukela kwezezimali emnothweni? Mhlawumbe - uma lezi zinkinga zisusa ihlazo locansi lwesonto, njengosongo lwangempela lwekusasa lethu. Singakwazi ukuhlonza futhi simise abacebi?
Silokhu sifunda nge-Arab Spring, kodwa hhayi ubusika baseMelika.
UDissector Wezindaba uDanny Schechter uqondiswe Impango: Ubugebengu Besikhathi Sethu, ifilimu ekhuluma ngenkinga yezimali. Amazwana ku [i-imeyili ivikelwe].
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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