Umthombo: Idayari ye-Heartland Radical
Uhlelo lwevawusha e-Indiana lwaluyingxenye yohlelo “lwenguquko” yesikole - abagxeki bathi empeleni kuwumzamo wokwenza isikole sizimele - owethulwa nguMitch Daniels ngesikhathi engumbusi, kusukela ngo-2005 kuya ku-2013, futhi kwaqhutshekwa nomlandeli wakhe, uMike Pence, manje oseyiphini likamongameli wase-United States. UPence uyingxenye yokuphatha kukaTrump, okusekela uhlobo lwezinguquko uDaniels azisebenzisayo nakuba zibe nemiphumela elimazayo kumasistimu ezikole zomphakathi ezivamile.. (Valerie Strauss, "Kwenzekani Ngempela Ezikoleni Zikahulumeni Zase-Indiana," Washington Post, Disemba 17, 2017).
Wonke amasistimu ezikole zomphakathi emadolobheni ase-Indiana, afana no-Muncie no-Gary, aye ancipha ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwezimali, njengoba nje kwavela inqwaba yezikole ezingasebenzi kahle kanye namavawusha ukuze zithathe indawo yazo. Ukuvalwa kwezikole ezikhokhelwayo kanye namahlazo bekuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba, kanti ukufeyila kwezikole kwesinye isikhathi kwakungena ezikoleni zamavawusha ezingaphumeleli. Izikole eziningi eziphakeme zomphakathi zase-Indianapolis zavalwa ngenxa yezinguquko eziqhubekayo eziqondiswa “ukwethembana” ethatheka ngokuphathwa kwephothifoliyo yezinhlelo zesikole. (UCarol Burris noDiane Ravitch ku Valerie Strauss, “Why It Matters Who Governs America’s Public Schools,” Washington Post, Novemba 4, 2018).
Amanye amaqiniso nge-Indiana Funding kanye neMfundo Yothisha:
-I-Indiana uxhaso lwemfundo engaphansi kwesilinganiso kuzo zonke izifundazwe nangemuva kwezifunda ezinhlanu ezingomakhelwane futhi yehlile eminyakeni yamuva uma iqhathaniswa namazinga okusebenzisa kuzwelonke
-ngo-2015-206 i-Indiana yayineminyaka engama-34th izindleko zokufunda ngomfundi ngamunye, 42nd ngokwemiholo yokufundisa, amazinga aphansi kuneshumi leminyaka edlule
-Amaholo othisha bezinga lokungena e-Indiana ehlile uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izifundazwe kule minyaka emihlanu edlule
-I-Indiana inenani eliphezulu labafundi nothisha
-“I-Indiana izodinga ukwandisa ukutshalwa kwayo emfundweni yomphakathi cishe ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.49/ngonyaka ukuze ifinyelele ukulingana nesilinganiso somakhelwane bayo, noma ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.33/ngonyaka ukuze ibuyele ezingeni layo likazwelonke eminyakeni emihlanu kuphela ngaphambili. Izinketho zenqubomgomo zokufeza lezi zinhloso zihlanganisa ukukhuphula inani lesisekelo somfundi ngamunye, ukwaba kabusha amadola kahulumeni aye ngasemfundweni ye-K-12, nokuqondisa izintela zasendaweni kwezemfundo.” (kusuka ku-Robert K Toutkoushian, Ph, D, “Uxhaso Lwezemfundo Nesinxephezelo Sothisha e-Indiana: Ukuhlola Nezincomo,” Mashi 11, 2019).
Uyaqhubeka Umhlangano Wothisha
I-“Red for Ed” isiqubulo esashukumisa othisha, abafundi, nezinyunyana ezingu-15,000 ukuba bathamele umhlangano omkhulu eStatehouse e-Indianapolis, Novemba 19. Izifunda zezikole ezingu-147 zavalwa esifundazweni ngenxa yokuthi othisha bazizwa benesibopho sokuthamela lo mhlangano wendlunkulu. , enye yezinkulu kakhulu emlandweni wase-Indiana. Izimfuneko eziyinhloko zazihilela isinxephezelo (othisha abangenayo bathola u-$35,000 nje kuphela esimweni lapho amaphesenti angu-37 emindeni enenzuzo engaphansi kwezinga elitholakalayo); ukuphela kokuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe kwamahora ayi-15 kubo bonke othisha ukuze bagcine ukugunyazwa kwabo; kanye nokuphela kokuhlola othisha ngesisekelo samaphuzu okuhlola angabazekayo wabafundi (okuphoqa othisha ukuba bafundisele isivivinyo kunokufunda okuphelele).
Othisha bamasha bezungeza iStatehouse balinda olayini abade beyongena eNhlokodolobha, balinde isikhathi esingangehora ngesikhathi sezulu esishubile. Sebengaphakathi othisha abayizi-6,000 ababehlezi phansi noma bemelene nezinsimbi esitezi sesibili noma sesithathu balalele othisha abavela ezindaweni zombuso bekhuluma ngokuntuleka kwesinxephezelo (othisha abaningi kudingeke bathathe umsebenzi wesibili nowesithathu), izinto ezidingekayo (othisha kufanele baphathele abafundi babo amapensela, amakhrayoni, namaphepha), namasayizi amakilasi angalawuleki.
I-Indiana ingumholi phakathi kwezifundazwe ezingu-50 ekususeni izinsiza zisuka emfundweni yomphakathi ziye kumavawusha nezikole eziqashayo ezihlanganisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi imodeli yemfundo “ye-Mindtrust”, kusetshenziswa imodeli yemakethe yenzuzo/yokulahlekelwa ukuze kuhlolwe inqubo yemfundo. Ngenxa yokuthi imfundo yomphakathi ixhaswe ngemali encane (“indlala isilo”) ukusebenza kuvame ukuntengantenga. Ngemuva kwalokho abazimele bakhulumele izikole eziqashiwe. Kodwa-ke, ama-charter ngokuvamile abe nemiphumela elimazayo kothisha, abafundi, kanye nemiphakathi. Lezi zinqubomgomo zezikole ezibandakanya ukuhoxiswa kwezikole zikahulumeni, ukutshala izimali ezikoleni eziqashiwe, ukwenza ezizimele, ukuhoxiswa kwezimali, kanye nokuhlasela kothisha nemiphakathi sezisabalele ezweni lonke. Kodwa manje othisha base-Indiana sebengabakamuva ukuthi “Cha.” Bagqugquzelwe othisha baseWest Virginia, Oklahoma, California, Arizona, Illinois nakwezinye izindawo. Futhi lo mzuliswano wokuhlanganisa wesekwa kabanzi imindeni nemiphakathi ebona izikhungo zemfundo njengesizinda somphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, othisha baya bezibona bengabasebenzi kanti izinyunyana zabasebenzi babona othisha njengabangane. Njengasendabeni yase-Indiana, inhlangano yezinyunyana yasekela ukugqugquzelwa kwangomhla zili-19 kuLwezi.
Usongo Ezikoleni Zikahulumeni
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili ihange lemiphakathi eminingi e-United States, bekuyizikole zayo zomphakathi. Izikole zisiza ukukhulisa, ukondla, ukweluleka, nokufundisa intsha yaseMelika. Abazali, ngokusemandleni abo, babamba iqhaza ekusekeleni izinhlelo zesikole futhi banikeze imibono ngenqubomgomo yesikole. Othisha nabaphathi bezikole badela isikhathi namandla ukuze bavuse amakhono entsheni. Futhi othisha ngokusebenzisa izinhlangano zemfundo nezinyunyana bahlela ukuvikela amalungelo abo emsebenzini, njalo bekhumbula into yokuqala ebaluleke kakhulu; ukusebenzela izingane kanye nomphakathi.
Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1970, amaqembu ahlukahlukene anezithakazelo ezikhethekile, amaningi anezimali ezinhle, aqala ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwemfundo yangasese. Bebheka idatha ehlanganisiwe ekhombisa ukufeyila kwezikole, bathi izinkampani ezizimele, izikole eziqashiwe, zingafundisa izingane kangcono. Basole ukungabikho kokuncintisana ezimakethe okumosha imali yabakhokhi bentela ngokwenza kabi. Izikole ezivamise ukungenzi kahle zaziyizikole ezingaxhaswanga ngemali encane ngenxa yokucwasa ngokwebala kanye nendlela yokuhlukaniswa..
Impendulo ye-neoliberal kwaba ukugudluzwa kwezimali zikahulumeni, phambilini ebezisuka ezikoleni zikahulumeni, ziye ezikoleni eziqashwe yizinkampani ezizimele. Kanye nokwakhiwa kwezikole eziqashiwe, izinhlelo zamavawusha zasungulwa yizishayamthetho zombuso kanye nezifunda zesikole ezivumela abazali ukuthi babeke izingane zabo kunoma yisiphi isikole abangasithola; ngokuvamile kunzima ukufinyelela futhi ngezinye izikhathi kude nomakhelwane wengane. Ukwethulwa kwezikole eziqashiwe namavawusha kwaqala inqubo yokugudluzwa kwezinsiza zisuka emfundweni yomphakathi ziye ezikoleni ezizimele, ngaleyo ndlela kucekele phansi izikole zikahulumeni ezenza kahle futhi kwenza imiphakathi eseduze ibe buthaka.
Imininingwane emayelana nokusuka ezikoleni zikahulumeni iye kuma-charter iyashaqisa. Isibonelo e-Detroit phakathi kuka-2005 no-2013 ukubhaliswa kwezikole zikahulumeni kwehle ngo-63% futhi ukubhaliswa kwezikole eziqashiwe kukhuphuke ngo-53%; e-Gary ukwehla kwezikole zikahulumeni kwaba ngama-47% futhi ukunyuka kwamanani okubhaliswa kwezikole eziqashiwe kukhuphuke ngo-197%; kanti e-Indianapolis ukwehla kwabafundi bezikole zomphakathi kufinyelele ku-27% kanti ukukhuphuka kwezikole eziqashiwe kwaba ngama-287%.
Lokhu kudluliswa okuyingqophamlando kwezimali zomphakathi zemfundo ziye ezinkampanini ezizimele ngokuvamile kuzosheshiswa yizinkinga zendawo. Inkinga enkulu emphakathini waseMelika emashumini eminyaka yenzeka eNew Orleans lapho iSiphepho uKatrina sigadla kulelo dolobha ngo-August, 2005. Ngemva kwaso izakhamuzi ezingu-100,000 100 zaphoqeleka ukuba zilishiye idolobha ngenxa yokuthi imizi yazo yayibhidliziwe. Zingaphezu kwekhulu izikole zikahulumeni ezicekeleke phansi kule nhlekelele. Kamuva cishe zonke lezo zikole zathathelwa indawo izikole eziqashiwe, eziqhutshwa yizinkampani ezizimele ukuze zithole inzuzo, ezingenazo izinhlangano zothisha kanye nokuhlanganyela kwabazali ekuvuseleleni izikhungo zemfundo. Ephawula ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwaseNew Orleans UNobhala Wezemfundo u-Arne Duncan ekuphathweni kuka-Obama uphakamise ukuthi iSiphepho uKatrina kwakuyinto engcono kakhulu eyenzekayo ohlelweni lwezemfundo lwaseNew Orleans.
Inhlekelele yomuntu kaKatrina nayo yayiyisingathekiso salokho okwakuzolandela esizweni sonke: amandla anamandla ashanela izikhungo zemfundo ezilawulwa umphakathi nezinomthwalo wemfanelo, esikhundleni sazo kwafakwa izikole ezintsha eziqhutshwa inzuzo, ezingezona obala, ezingezona inyunyana, eziqhutshwa yinzuzo. ayizange ifeze izidingo nezifiso zamalungu asele omphakathi. Imfundo yomphakathi iyasishulwa, iyaguqulwa, futhi ichithwe kulo lonke elase-United States.
Ukuze kube lula ukwenziwa kwezikole ezizimele amadolobha yonke indawo aseqalile ukuvala izikole zikahulumeni. IDetroit, New York, kanye neChicago kuvalwe izikole ezingaphezu kwe-100 idolobha ngalinye eminyakeni yamuva nje. EPhiladelphia, imali kamasipala yejele yavela ngokuvalwa kwezikole ezingama-50. Imithelela yokuvalwa kwezikole ibonakala endabeni ethi “Death by a Thousand Cuts,” ekhiqizwe yi-Journey for Justice Alliance: “Ukuvalwa kwesikole kungenye yezinto ezihlukumeza kakhulu ezenzeka emphakathini; ihlasela umnyombo wesiko lomphakathi, umlando, nobuwena futhi…ikhiqiza imiphumela efinyelela kude ethinta kabi zonke izici zokuphila komphakathi.”
Imithelela Yakamuva
Okokuqala, ukushintshwa kwezimali ezishoda ngesabelomali sikahulumeni zisuka ezikoleni zomphakathi ziye ezikoleni eziqashiwe kusho ukwehla okukhulu kwezinsiza zokunakekela nokwenza ngcono izikole zikahulumeni. Uma izimali zezikole ezintsha eziqashiwe kanye nemali ekhushuliwe yamavawusha isuswa ezikoleni zikahulumeni ezenza kahle iye ezikoleni ezisebenza ngaphansi kweshatha noma zezenkolo izinguquko kunqubomgomo yezemfundo ziholela ekwehleni kwezinga lemfundo enikezwa bonke abafundi. Isibonelo, kubhajethi yase-Indiana yango-2014-2015, izigidi ezingu-115 zamaRandi zaphambukiswa yisishayamthetho sezwe kusukela emfundweni yomphakathi kuya ohlelweni olukhulayo lwamavawusha.
Ngakho-ke, njengoba imali ikhishwa emfundweni yomphakathi ye-K-12 izikole zendabuko zehlise izinsiza zokwenza umsebenzi wazo. Lokhu kuholela ekwehleni kokusebenza. Khona-ke abagqugquzeli bokwenziwa kwezinkampani ezizimele bafuna ukwehliswa okwengeziwe kanye nokuvalwa kwezikole, kunokuba bandise ukwabiwa kwezinsiza ezikoleni zikahulumeni.
Okwesibili, amaphesenti aphezulu okuvalwa kwezikole kwenzeka emiphakathini empofu neyabaNsundu. Lokhu kuvalwa kudala lokho i-Journey for Justice Alliance ekubiza ngokuthi “izingwadule zezemfundo.” Abazali kufanele bathole izikole ezanele, nezithengekayo kwezinye izindawo emadolobheni abahlala kuwo. Izikhathi eziningi izikole eziqashwayo ziyenqaba ukwamukela abafundi abathile ngenxa yezilinganiso ezichemile zamathuba abo okuphumelela, ukukhubazeka okungenzeka babe nakho, ukungakwazi kahle kolimi lwesiNgisi noma ezinye izizathu. “Izikole eziqashiwe zisebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokwamukela abafundi, njengamaqhinga okumaketha okuhlosiwe, izinqubo zokufaka izicelo eziwumthwalo, ezibeka izidingo zemfundo, kanye nokudikibala kwabafundi abangafiseleki kangako.” (Uhambo lweJustice Alliance, Ukufa Ngokusikwa Kwenkulungwane, May, 2014, amakhasi 11-12). Kwezinye izimo, abazali abakwazi ukutholela izingane zabo izikole ezanele noma kuphi eduze nomphakathi wabo.
Ukuvalwa kwezikole, umshikashika wokwamukelwa ezikoleni ezintsha, ukwanda kwamakilasi osayizi bezikole ezintsha, ukulungiswa kwesiko elisha lesikole, kanye nokungabi nalwazi kothisha abasha, konke kunomthelela ngezindlela ezingezinhle ekufundeni kwezingane. Umlobi wezeMfundo, uScott Elliott ubike ukuthi ezikoleni ezingu-18 eziqashiwe ezisebenza e-Indianapolis ngo-2015, ingxenye yazo yayinamaphuzu okuhlolwa ngo-2014 abhalise "ukufeyila" ekuhlolweni kombuso kwezingane zabo. Izikole eziqashiwe ezihlulekayo zisiza izingane eziphuma emakhaya ampofu kanye/noma izingane ezinezidingo ezikhethekile njengokuqeqeshwa kolimi. Eziningi zalezi zikole ezifeyila eziqashiwe bese zineminyaka eminingi zisebenza kanti ezinye beziyingxenye yezinhlelo zokuxhumana kazwelonke.
I-Center for Tax and Budget Accountability yafingqa izifundo zemithelela yezinhlelo zamavawusha ekusebenzeni kwezemfundo: ‘Alukho ucwaningo oluzimele olwenziwe ezinhlelweni zamavawusha ezituswa kakhulu nezinesikhathi eside ezisekhona e-U.S.–Milwaukee, Wisconsin; ICleveland, Ohio, kanye neWashington, D.C.—zathola noma yibuphi ubufakazi bezibalo bokuthi izingane ezisebenzisa amavawusha zenze kangcono kunezingane ezingawasebenzisi futhi ezihlala ezikoleni zomphakathi.” https://www.ctbaonline.org/press-room/ctba-releases-analysis-indiana-school-choice-scholarship-program
Okwesithathu, njengoba imibhikisho yabazali nabafundi e-Chicago, emadolobheni namadolobhana ahlukahlukene e-Indiana, nakwezinye izindawo iphakamisa, kunobudlelwano obuphambene phakathi kokusabalala kwezikole eziqashiwe kanye nezinhlelo zamavawusha kanye nokufaka kwezakhamizi ekwenzeni inqubomgomo yezemfundo. Ngokomlando, nakuba abazali abaningi bakhetha ukungabambi iqhaza ekuthathweni kwezinqumo zebhodi lesikole, igunya lalikhona kubazali, ngisho nabafundi, ukunikeza imibono kunqubomgomo yezemfundo. Kwacatshangwa ukuthi amalungu emiphakathi anelungelo kanye nesibopho sokudlulisela ukukhathazeka kwawo kubaphathi bezikole, amabhodi ezikole akhethiwe, kanye nothisha. Izifunda eziningi zesikole zinezinhlangano zabazali ezisebenzayo.
Imibhalo I-Education Inc. wabonisa amacala lapho imvamisa yokulalelwa kwebhodi lezikole zomphakathi yehliswa futhi imihlangano yahlehliswa ukuze kugwenywe inkulumo-mpikiswano ngezindaba eziyimpikiswano. Futhi izishayamthetho, njengase-Indiana, zinqabele iziphathimandla zezwe noma izinhlaka zomthetho ekulawuleni "okuqukethwe kwekharikhulamu" yezikole ezizimele ezamukela amavawusha.
Okwesine, umklamo we-neoliberal okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla usekelwe esiphakamisweni sokuthi impumelelo yesikhungo nenqubomgomo ikalwa kangcono ngenzuzo enqwabelene emigwaqweni yebhizinisi ehilelekile. Emkhakheni wezemfundo, izinqubomgomo ze-neoliberal zifuna ukususa ukuziphendulela kukahulumeni kuya embonini ezimele; kusukela kumakhono ochwepheshe kuya kumakhono emakethe; futhi kusukela ekubambeni iqhaza kwezinhlangano eziqeqeshiwe nezinyunyana zothisha, amaqembu abazali, nabafundi abahlanganyele kuya kubaphathi bezinkampani zezinkampani ezizimele. Umklamo we-neoliberal uphathelene nobungcweti bezemfundo nokuqeqeshwa futhi izinhlangano zokumela othisha njengezithiyo.
Ngakho-ke umgomo ogcwele wenqubomgomo yezemfundo yezwe uhlanganisa ukudlulisa isimo, inhlonipho, iholo elanele lisuka kothisha basezikoleni zesikhathi eside liye kubasebenzi abasha ababukelwa phansi, abangaqeqeshwanga ngokwanele ezikoleni eziqashiwe. Futhi, umnyakazo wesikole se-charter ngokusobala uyinhlangano yenyunyana emelene nothisha.
Amadokhumentari ngezemfundo njenga Asukume Phezu Kophawu futhi I-Education Inc. kukhombisa ukuthi othisha bezemisebenzi bathola ukubukela phansi ukuhlolwa kwezingane okuphindaphindiwe nokungasebenzi kahle, ukwehla kwezinsiza zezikole zabo, kanye nezitatimende eziphindaphindwayo zomphakathi ezehlisa isithunzi nokwehlisa isithunzi sothisha. Abakhulumeli bezemfundo kula mafilimu bakhuluma ngendlela ejabulisa kakhulu ngentshiseko yokufundisa, ukuzinikela ezinganeni, kanye nethalente labasebenzi ngaphansi kobuholi babo. Onsumpa bezikole kulawa madokhumentari baphinde bakhulume ngamagalelo izinyunyana zothisha eziwenzayo ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwesikole.
Isamba semizamo yeminyaka engamashumi amathathu yokuguqula uhlelo lwezemfundo ngaphansi kwesigubuzelo “sokuguqulwa” yilena elandelayo: isiko lokufundisa umphakathi liyabhujiswa; ukufinyelela emfundweni esezingeni kuya kuba nzima futhi kungalingani; ukubeka izinto obala kanye nokufaka kwabazali ekwenzeni inqubomgomo kuba nzima kakhulu; kanye nokuhlaselwa kongoti nezinyunyana zothisha kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukufundisa.
Ungaphendula kanjani?
Ezinye izindaba zidinga ukudingidwa ezihlanganisa ukuhlolwa, ukuhlaziya okusekelwe kumamethrikhi angabazekayo, ukukhokhisa abazali ngezincwadi zokufunda, ukufinyelela ngokulinganayo kwempahla yesikole yisifunda kanye nezikole zikahulumeni nezizimele, uxhaso lwezimali olunganele, ukuthuthukiswa kwekharikhulamu efanele yezemfundo yekhulunyaka lamashumi amabili nanye. i-ajenda, kanye nesidingo sokulwa “nepayipi lesikole liya ejele” elibonakala liyizalela kakhulu imfundo yasemadolobheni. Izimpendulo zokuvikela nokuthuthukisa izinga lempilo yemfundo yezingane zidinga lokhu okulandelayo:
Ukudala inhlangano yezemfundo esifundazweni sase-Indiana ethi "sekwanele" kulabo abagqugquzeli balokho okubizwa ngokuthi "inguquko." Lokho kusho ukuthuthukisa amasu angaphakathi okuhlanganisa ukuphatha kanye nokukhetha izishayamthetho nabaphathi abakholelwa emfundweni yomphakathi. Kusho ukunxenxa eNdlini Yombuso ngesikhathi sokushaya umthetho. Kusho ukwethulwa kwecala lapho osopolitiki nabantu abazimele bezemfundo bephula isiqinisekiso somthethosisekelo wase-Indiana sokuthi zonke izingane zinelungelo lemfundo esezingeni.
Umnyakazo wezemfundo nawo kumele wamukele i isu langaphandle, ukwakha inhlangano yomphakathi. Kufanele ihlanganise imfundo, ukuyaluza, nokuhleleka. Amapheshana, izikhulumi, amavidiyo, nezinye izinkundla zomphakathi zidinga ukuhlelwa kuzo zonke izifundazwe. Kumele othisha nabalandeli babo bahlangane babhikishe ukuze udaba lwemfundo esezingeni eliphezulu ludingidwe emiphakathini nakwabezindaba.
Futhi ngokuhlelekile, inhlangano yezemfundo kufanele isebenzise amandla, intshiseko, kanye nobuchule bezinhlangano zemfundo ezizungeze izwe esezivele zenza lo msebenzi. Ukuqinisa umnyakazo wemfundo esezingeni eliphezulu kumayelana nokuhlanganisa amaqembu akhona kunokwakha amasha. Lowo ngumbono we-Indiana Moral Mondays kanye nomqondo “wokuhlanganisa ipolitiki.” Hlanganisa labo abanezindinganiso ezifanayo kanye nombono futhi wakhe inhlangano enkulu ngendlela njengoba isiqubulo esidala sisho: "I-People United Ngeke Ihlulwe."
Umhlangano omkhulu kaNovemba 19 uphakamisa ukuthi ukunyakaza okunjalo kwazalwa. Noma njengoba le nhlangano entsha e-Indiana imemezela: “Okubomvu ngo-Ed.”
Yiziphi Izinqubomgomo Eziqondile Nezinhlelo Zokusekela?
1.Ukukhulisa, hhayi ukuncipha, uxhaso lwesifunda, nolwendawo lwemfundo yomphakathi.
2.Ukubeka eqhulwini uxhaso lwezimali zezikole ebezingaxhasiwe ngokwesiko emiphakathini entulayo ngokwezomnotho. Izinsiza kufanele zibandakanye amaholo okukhuthaza othisha abanamava ukuthi bahlale emiphakathini entulayo. Izimali kufanele zihlinzeke ngobuchwepheshe obulinganayo, okuhlanganisa imitapo yolwazi, amakhompyutha, namanye amathuluzi, ezikoleni ezisemiphakathini ehola kancane elingana naleyo ehlinzekelwe imiphakathi ecebile. Izinsiza kufanele zihlinzeke ngokuqeqeshwa kolimi, imfundo yezibalo, nezinhlelo kwezobuciko.
3.Izinhlaka zokwenza inqubomgomo kuwo wonke amagatsha kahulumeni kufanele zivuleleke futhi zibe sobala ukuze abazali, othisha, nabafundi bakwazi ukubona futhi babambe iqhaza ekuthathweni kwezinqumo.
4.Ezifundeni zezikole lapho othisha bekhetha ukwakha izinyunyana noma ezinye izinhlangano zochwepheshe lezi zinhlangano kufanele zibe ozakwethu abahlonishwayo enqubweni yokwenza inqubomgomo.
5. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesikole kufanele kunqunywe ngothisha, abaphathi besikole, nabazali, hhayi osopolitiki noma izinhlangano zemfundo. Othisha akufanele baphoqwe ukuthi “bafundise ezivivinyweni.”
6.Umgomo wenqubo yemfundo kufanele kube ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwamandla omfundi ngamunye kungakhathaliseki uhlanga, ubulili, iklasi noma ezinye izinhlobo zokucwasa.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
Nikela