Umthombo: MR Online
Ngaphambi nje kokuthi kuqale iMpi YaseKorea ngo-1950, abeluleki ababalulekile benqubomgomo yezangaphandle yangemva kweMpi Yezwe Yomhlaba kuMongameli uTruman baphonsa ukusekelwa kwabo ngemuva kwezincomo ezenziwe kumbhalo ohlukanisiwe, Umbhalo Womkhandlu Wezokuphepha Kazwelonke 68, owawuncoma ukwanda okukhulu kwezindleko zezempi. I-NSC-68 iphinde yancoma ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezempi kusuka kulelo phuzu kuye phambili kufanele kube yinto ehamba phambili kuhulumeni kazwelonke. Lapho omongameli behlala phansi ukuze bakhe isabelomali sikahulumeni, idokhumenti watusa, kufanele baqale babele yonke imali ecelwe ngamasosha kanye nezinkampani eziphakeme kanye nama-lobbyists aphathelene nokusetshenziswa kwezempi. Kuphela ngemva kwalokho abameli bezempi bathola konke abakucelayo uma izinhlelo zikahulumeni zikhuluma ngezemfundo, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, imigwaqo, ezokuthutha, izindlu kanye nezinye izindaba ezibalulekile zasekhaya. Lapho i-United States ingena eMpini YaseKorea, ngoJuni, 1950, uTruman wagunyaza izincomo ze-NSC 68 futhi wasebenzisa impi esenhlonhlweni yaseKorea njengesizathu. Emazwini ka-Andrew Bacevich i-United States izibophezele ngokugcwele โemnothweni wempi waphakade.โ Njengososayensi wezombangazwe, uHans Morgenthau wabhala ngaleso sikhathi; kwakungekho ukuhlehla emnothweni omusha wempi kanye โneMpi Yomshoshaphansiโ ngokumelene neSoviet Union yangaphambili. Umongameli ngamunye owalandela wandisa emnothweni wempi kanye nendaba yezwe eliyingozi elithethelela ukusetshenziswa kwezigidigidi zamaRandi. Ngokusho kukaChalmers Johnson (Phindaphinda, Usizi Lombuso), phakathi kuka-1947 no-1990, umnotho wempi unomphela wabiza abantu baseMelika cishe ku-$9 trillion. URuth Sivard (Izindleko Zezempi Zomhlaba) wethule imininingwane ekhombisa ukuthi amasosha angaphezu kuka-100,000 ase-US afa ezimpini nasekungeneleleni kwezempi phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Futhi, kwamanye amazwe, abantu abacishe babe yizigidi eziyi-10 bafa ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile ezimpini lapho i-United States yayibambe iqhaza kuzo.
Eminyakeni engamashumi ayisikhombisa kamuva, isabelomali sezempi senkathi kaTrump sesifinyelele phezulu, amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-738 ngonyaka wezimali ka-2020 kanye nenani elilinganiselwa ku-$740 billion ngo-2021. Njengoba uWilliam Hartung abhala: โIsivumelwano sibeka itafula lezabelomali ezimbili eziphezulu kakhulu zePentagon kanye umsebenzi ohlobene nezinhloko zezikhali zenuzi eMnyangweni Wezamandla kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe II (ku-Jake Johnson, 'Okungakaze Kubonwe, Okumoshayo, Futhi Okunenhlamba': Indlu Igunyaza Isabelomali sePentagon esingu-$1.48 Trillion," Amaphupho ajwayelekile, NgoLwesihlanu, Julayi 26, 2019). Kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwemali okwedlule nekwamanje okuhlobene nezempi i-War Resisters League ilinganisela ukuthi isabelomali sombuso sika-2020 sizoba namaphesenti angama-48 akho konke ukusetshenziswa kwemali, okudlula ukusetshenziswa okungezona kwezempi ngamaphesenti ayisithupha. Isikhali esisodwa nje, indiza yempi yesizukulwane yakamuva ye-F-35 ibiza, ngokwezilinganiso eziguquguqukayo, ama- $ 1.5 trillion. (Izindawo zokukhiqiza indiza zitholakala ku-433 yezifunda ze-Congressional ezingu-435).
Ukulinganisa Umnotho Waphakade Wempi
Ingxabano yeqembu phakathi kwezikhulu zenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yaqala ukuvela ngeminyaka yawo-1970 mayelana namasu namaqhinga angcono kakhulu okufanele alandelwe ukuze kukhuliswe ukuqhubeka kokubusa komhlaba wonke kwezomnotho, ezombusazwe, kanye nezempi kwe-United States ohlelweni lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ingxabano yayingeyona eyokuthi i-United States kufanele iqhubeke nokuphishekela umbuso kodwa kunalokho ukuthi izoqhubeka kanjani ukuyithola. Lezi zinkulumo-mpikiswano zidalwe ukwanda kwamazwe eGlobal South, isipiliyoni esihlukumeza umphakathi ngeMpi yaseVietnam, ukukhula kwamandla nomthelela wezwe elaliyiSoviet Union, futhi selokhu lawa, ukuvela kweChina njengomnotho omusha womhlaba. , amandla ezombangazwe nezempi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umnotho omusha wamazwe ngamazwe wawukhula kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, okusho ukuthi wawuxhumene kakhulu. Izinkulumo-mpikiswano mayelana namasu, amaqhinga, zaqubuka phakathi kwe-neoliberal globalists ababegcizelela lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuhweba okukhululekile, ukuqagela ngezezimali, kanye nokugqugquzelwa kwe-neoliberal ajenda eyayikhuthaza ukwenziwa ngasese kwayo yonke imisebenzi yomphakathi yizifundazwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubomgomo zokungabi namali ezingashintsha ingcebo. kusukela kwabaningi kuya kwabambalwa. Uhlelo lwezikweletu lwamazwe ngamazwe luyoba yithuluzi lokucindezela amazwe ampofu nacebile ukuthi aguqule izinhlelo zawo zezomnotho. Leli qembu lalibusa ukwenza inqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-United States ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, ikakhulukazi kusukela kuReagan kuya kuClinton kuya ku-Obama. Ngokwepolitiki/ezempi, bafuna ukuhlehlisa abaphikisi inselelo yobungxiwankulu be-neoliberal: iRussia, iShayina, amazwe aseLatin America anabantu abaningi, futhi baye bakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezintshisekelo zezomnotho zase-US e-Asia nase-Afrika. Izikhungo eziningi ze-neoliberal globalists, ngezinye izikhathi ezibizwa ngokuthi "isimo esijulile" zihlanganisa i-CIA, i-NSA, nezinye izinhlangano zokuphepha.
Elinye iqembu elimelwe uMongameli uTrump kanye nabanye babasizi bakhe abakhulu bakhetha ubuzwe bezomnotho, uhwebo olukhawulelwe, izindonga zokwakha, ukugwema ukusebenzelana kwezokuxhumana, futhi baqhutshwa umbono ojulile wobandlululo lwabamhlophe. Bakholelwa, njengoba usosayensi wezombangazwe uSamuel Huntington aphikisa, ukuthi sibhekene nengxabano yempucuko ne-Islam, impi yezwe yesine. Ama-globalists we-neoliberal abukela phansi i-Ukraine, abeka amasosha amaningi e-NATO eMpumalanga Yurophu futhi afuna ukukhipha uPutin futhi enze buthaka iRussia. Lokhu akukho ku-ajenda kaTrump.
Ababekezeleli besizukulwane samanje sabashisekeli bezomnotho bakwaTrumpian, baqhamuka kwababizwa ngokuthi โama-neo-conservatives,โ ngokomlando ayehlelwe eqeqebeni lokwamukela izivakashi ngeminyaka yawo-1990, iThe Project for a New American Century (PNAC) nangawo-1950 nawo-1970 weThe Committee. Ngengozi Yamanje (CPD). Kokubili i-neoliberals kanye ne-neoconservatives babelana ngombono ofanayo womnotho wezepolitiki womhlaba wonke olawulwa yi-United States kodwa labo ababekade bekhetha ukusetshenziswa kwebutho lezempi kanye nokusetshenziswa okukhulu kwengcindezi yezomnotho neyokusebenzelana kanye nokungenelela okucashile kuyilapho bethethelela inqubomgomo ngezizathu zobuntu, okuhlanganisa nokwandisa intando yeningi. . Njengoba, bathi, i-United States imele ithemba lentando yeningi emhlabeni, kunjengoba uMadeleine Albright ayibiza kanjalo. โisizwe esibalulekile.โ I-neoconservatives, ngomqondo osobala kakhulu, yaphikisana ngokuthi ngokuwa kweSoviet Union yangaphambili, i-United States yayinamandla amakhulu. Ngalawo mandla i-PNAC yaphikiswana ngayo, i-United States bekufanele ibeke ukuhleleka komhlaba kanye nemibuso yezifundazwe ehambisana nezintshisakalo nemibono yase-US. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, izinqubomgomo zamaqembu amabili zahlangana; yingakho ukungena kwezomnotho, ukungenelela okuyimfihlo, izimpi zezikhathi ezithile, nokusekelwa kokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwezempi. Kodwa, ngokuvamile ngenxa yezizathu zezombusazwe zasekhaya kunezombangazwe wamazwe ngamazwe, izingxabano phakathi kwalezi zinhlangothi zombili ziphinde zivuke. Kunjalo ngo-2019.
I-Ajenda Yekilasi Elibusayo Yeqhaza Lase-United States Emhlabeni: Ngaphambi kokhetho lwango-2016
Kusuka a Washington Post umhleli, May 21, 2016:
KUNGAZE ludlule usuku ngaphandle kobufakazi bokuthi uhlelo lwezizwe ngezizwe olukhululekile lwale minyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa edlule luyacekelwa phansi.I-China neRussia bazama ukwenza umhlaba ngomfanekiso wabo ongekho emthethweniโฆLokhu kuwuvivinyo olukhulu kumongameli olandelayo wase-U.S. Sithi icala ngoba kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubani othatha iHhovisi le-Oval, kuzodinga isibindi nezinqumo ezinzima ukuze kugcinwe uhlelo olukhululekile lwamazwe ngamazwe. Njengoba umbiko omusha ovela eSikhungweni Sokuvikeleka KwaseMelika Entsha ubonisa, lo myalo ufanele ukulondolozwa, futhi kuyafaneleka ukuba sizikhumbuze ukuthi kungani: Ukhiqize ukuchuma komhlaba okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili, wakhipha izigidigidi zabantu ebumpofu; uhulumeni wentando yeningi, owake wayivelakancane, wasakazekela ezizweni ezingaphezu kwekhulu; futhi sekungamashumi ayisikhombisa eminyaka ingekho impi eyinhlekelele phakathi kwemibuso emikhulu. Akumangalisi ukuthi ukusebenzelana kwe-US nomhlaba kwajabulela ukuvumelana kwe-bipartisan.
I-Washington Post yokuhlela ecashunwe ngenhla ikubeka ngokusobala umbono ovelele ocatshangwa abakhethekile benqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-US eminyakeni ezayo: mayelana nomnotho wepolitiki womhlaba, impi, kanye nemibono. Empeleni lakha ukuhlanganiswa kwe-โneoconโ kanye โne-liberal interventionistโ yamaphiko esigaba esibusayo. Okokuqala, kugqugquzelwa isidingo sobunxiwankulu bekhulunyaka lama-21 ukuvikela ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kwe-neoliberal: uhulumeni wabacebile, ukucindezela kwabaningi, nokuhoxiswa kohwebo, ukutshalwa kwezimali, nokuqagela. (I-neoliberal globalization, isigaba sakamuva ekuthuthukisweni konxiwankulu bamazwe ngamazwe sichazwe encwadini yakamuva ebalulekile, uJerry Harris, I-Global Capitalism kanye Nenhlekelele Yentando Yeningi, Clarity Press, 2016).
Okwesibili, umbono we-Post we-New World Order yakhelwe phezu kwebutho lezempi nezomnotho lase-United States elisungulwe kabusha elibe yisici esiyinhloko sokwenziwa kwenqubomgomo okungenani kusukela ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe II nakuba isikhathi nesikhathi liye labhekana nezihibe: kusukela ekunqotshweni. eVietnam, ekuqedeni amakholoni kuwo wonke iGlobal South, nasekukhuphukeni kwamandla ancintisanayo e-Asia, Middle East, Latin America, kanye nase-Europe imbala. Ukwengeza, naphezu kwezithiyo zakamuva, ukugqugquzelwa kwenqwaba yabantu ngokumelene nokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kanye nezinqubomgomo ze-austerity kukhuphuke yonke indawo, ngisho nase-United States. I-Washington Post ikhuluma nemizamo yokuhlanganisa kabusha iqoqo lezinkanyezi elifanayo lamandla ezombusazwe, izinsiza zezempi, kanye nengcebo egxilile, ukuthi, uma kukhona, kukhulu kunanoma yisiphi isikhathi kusukela kwasungulwa "umnotho wempi waphakade" wase-US ngemva kweMpi Yezwe yokugcina.
Isazi-mlando, uMichael Stanley, endabeni enesihloko esithi โโAsiyona iDenmarkโ: uHillary Clinton kanye neLiberal American Exceptionalism,โ (Iphupho Elivamiles, February 26, 2016) ikhomba kungcina yemibono esetshenziswa yizikhulu zenqubomgomo yangaphandle, i-liberal kanye ne-conservative, ukuze kuthethelelwe ukuphishekela ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kwe-neoliberal kanye nezempi; lokho ukwethulwa kabusha kombono wakudala we-American Exceptionalism, osetshenziswe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene abantu abakhethekile kusukela kwasungulwa iRiphabhulikhi.
Inguqulo yesimanje, etholakala kumongo wokwanda kwezwekazi kanye nomhlaba wonke, isebenzela ukuthethelela indima yombuso yase-US emhlabeni. Kanye nokusho ukuthi i-United States ikhethekile ngandlela thize futhi inokuningi okunikezwa umhlaba, i-American Exceptionalism icabanga ukuthi umhlaba unokuncane ongakunikeza i-United States. Umehluko kuphela phakathi kwamaDemocrats namaRiphabhulikhi kunqubomgomo yezangaphandle ukuthi ngabe ukuhluka kusekhona futhi kufanele kugcinwe noma sekuchithile kudinga isidingo "sokwenza iMelika ibe yinhle futhi." Nokho, abaholi bazo zombili izinhlangothi basekela umbuso wezwe wezokuphepha, izindleko eziphezulu zempi, nokuba khona komhlaba wonkeโezempi, ezomnotho, ezombusazwe namasiko.
"Ukuqanjwa Kwezinto Ezintsha Nokuvikeleka Kwezwe: Ukugcina Umngcele Wethu:" Umkhandlu Wezobudlelwano Bangaphandle 2019
UMkhandlu Onamandla Wezobudlelwano Bangaphandle ukhiphe umbiko we-Task Force ngoSepthemba, 2019, mayelana nezokuphepha kuzwelonke. Amalungu eqembu ahlanganisa abamele amanyuvesi ahlonishwayo, izinkampani ezinkulu, nabasebenzi abavela ku-CFR. Phambilini, umbiko waveza ukuthi i-United States ihole umhlaba ekusunguleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe kusukela ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili. Kepha, ithe, "... i-United States isengozini yokulandela izimbangi zayo, ikakhulukazi iChina." Iyaqhubeka iphakamisa ukuthi i-United States โ...idinga ukuphendula ngokushesha nangokubanzi eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo futhi ibeke phambili isu lokusungula ezokuphepha kuzwelonke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingamandla amakhulu ochungechungeni lobuchwepheshe obusafufusa obufana ne-AI nesayensi yedatha, isitoreji sebhethri esithuthukisiwe, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe be-semiconductor, i-genomics kanye ne-synthetic biology, amanethiwekhi eselula esizukulwane sesihlanu (5G), amasistimu wolwazi we-quantum, namarobhothi.โ Umbiko ufuna ukwenyuka kosekelo lwenhlangano yocwaningo oluyisisekelo nokuthuthukiswa. Lokhu kuzobandakanya ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezemfundo ephakeme, ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe okukhethekile kososayensi abanamakhono, nokuguqulwa kwezikhungo zempi ukuze kufakwe ubuchwepheshe obusha ngempumelelo enkulu emandleni ezempi.
Okutholwe okukhulu kwe-Task Force kufaka phakathi lokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukuqamba okusha kwezobuchwepheshe kuholela enzuzweni yezomnotho nezempi.
- Ubuholi base-US kwezesayensi nokuqamba izinto ezintsha busengozini.
- Uxhaso lukahulumeni lwase-US lokucwaninga nokuthuthukiswa lumile iminyaka.
- Ubuholi base-US kwezemfundo ye-STEM buyancipha
- UMnyango Wezokuvikela kanye nomphakathi wezobunhloli basengozini yokuwa ngemuva โkwezitha ezingaba khonaโ uma bengasebenzisi ubuchwepheshe obengeziwe obuvela emkhakheni ozimele.
- Umphakathi wezokuvikela "ubhekene namakhono okukhiqiza awohlokayo," kanye namaketanga "okungavikelekile", kuyilapho uncike kwamanye amazwe ngobuchwepheshe.
- Kukhona "ukwehlukana kwamasiko" okukhona phakathi kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nemiphakathi eyenza inqubomgomo eyenza buthaka ukuxhumana phakathi kwemiphakathi yezokuvikela kanye nezobunhloli kanye nemboni ezimele.
Futhi, mayelana nembangi yethu enkulu yaseChina: - I-China itshala imali kakhulu kubuchwepheshe obusha futhi izoba ngumtshali zimali omkhulu emhlabeni ngo-2030.
- I-China ivala "igebe lezobuchwepheshe" ne-United States, futhi yona namanye amazwe asondela e-US mayelana ne-Artificial Intelligence (AI).
- I-China "ixhaphaza" ukuvuleka kwe-US ukuze ivikele izinto ezintsha ezibalulekile ngokwephula amalungelo empahla yengqondo.
Ngenkathi encoma uMongameli uTrump ngeminye yemizamo yakhe lo mbiko uthi isabelomali esengeziwe "sikhule kakhulu futhi sincane ngesilinganiso." Abaphathi baye bathutha ngendlela efanele ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obusha bezokuxhumana, kanye nokusabela enseleleni yokwanda kweHuawei emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngakho-ke i-United States kufanele:
- ukubuyisela imali yenhlangano yocwaningo nentuthuko.
- ukuheha nokufundisa abasebenzi besayensi nobuchwepheshe.
- ukusekela ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe emkhakheni wezokuvikela.
- ukuqinisa ubudlelwano bezobuchwepheshe kanye ne-ecosystems.
Kafushane, โphakathi neminyaka yokuqala yeMpi Yomshoshaphansi, ibhekene nokuncintisana okungathi sรญna kwezobuchwepheshe nezempi okuvela eSoviet Union, iUnited States yatshala imali eningi esisekelweni sayo sesayensi. Lokho kutshalwa kwezimali kwaqinisekisa ubuholi bezobuchwepheshe base-U.S. iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu. Njengoba libhekene nokudlondlobala kweChina kanye negagasi elisha lokuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe eliphazamisayo, izwe lidinga umbono ofanayo kanye ne-ajenda yokukufeza lokho.โ (9)
Ngabe Inqubomgomo Yezangaphandle kaDonald Trump Ifaneleka kuphi?
Ngokuthatha "umbono omude" wenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-United States, kuyacaca ukuthi kusukela ku-NSC-68; ekuphenduleni izinselele zaseSoviet emkhathini njengenkathi yeSputnik; ezimpini zomhlaba wonke eKorea, eVietnam, e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq; ukungenelela okufihliwe eMpumalanga Ephakathi, eLatin America, e-Asia, nase-Afrika, i-United States ilandele i-global hegemony (futhi kuphakanyiswe esitatimendeni se-CFR). Kuyacaca futhi ukuthi ukuphishekela umbuso kunesidingo kuhilele ukwakhiwa komnotho wempi unomphela, umnotho onqoba ukuntenga komnotho ngokufakwa kwezindleko ezinkulu zempi.
Kuyacaca futhi ukuthi ukuthethelelwa kombuso kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemali kwezempi kuye kwadinga ukwakhiwa kwesitha, okokuqala iSoviet Union kanye nobukhomanisi bamazwe ngamazwe; bese kuba ubuphekula; futhi manje iChina. Okubi kwesitha sedemoni kudinga umqondo wobumina ukuze kuthethelelwe iphrojekthi yombuso. Lokho siqu ngokomlando bekuyizibuyekezo ezihlukahlukene zokukhetha kweMelika, isizwe esibalulekile, i-US humanitarianism, kanye ngokusobala noma ngokusobala ukuphakama kohlanga olumhlophe nempucuko yasentshonalanga.
Ngalokhu, nakuba izinqubomgomo ezithile zihluka, umkhondo wenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-US ekhulwini lamashumi amabili nanye uwukuqhutshekwa kwezinqubomgomo nezinhlelo ezasungulwa ekhulwini lamashumi amabili. Ezintathu zibonakala ziyinhloko. Okokuqala, ukusetshenziswa kwezimali kwezempi, ikakhulukazi ezobuchwepheshe obusha kuyaqhubeka ngokunganqamuki. Futhi umbiko we-CFR uphakamisa ingozi yokuthi i-United States โisalela emuva,โ isingathekiso esifanayo esasetshenziswa ababhali bombhalo we-NSC-68, noma i-Gaither and Rockefeller Reports eyaqanjwa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950 ukuze inselele ukukhathazeka kukaMongameli u-Eisenhower nge ezempi/izimboni, impendulo kuSputnik, uNobhala Wezokuvikela uMcNamara ekuguquleni iPentagon ekuphathweni kwesayensi ngeminyaka yawo-1960s, noma ukwanda okukhulu kwezikhali kukaMongameli uReagan ngeminyaka yawo-1980s ukunqoba โifasitela lokuba sengozini.โ
Okwesibili, I-United States iyaqhubeka nokuzibandakanya emigomeni esanda kubizwa ngokuthi "izimpi ezixubile." Umqondo wezimpi eziyingxube usikisela ukuthi nakuba izimpi ezingokwesiko phakathi kwezizwe ziye zehla, izimpi zamazwe ziye zanda. Izimpi zangaphakathi, ososayensi bezimpi ezihlanganisiwe basikisela ukuthi, ziyakhuthazwa futhi zisekelwe ukungenelela okucashile, kusetshenziswa amabutho azimele, izinhloli, nezinye izinhlangano ezixhaswe ngezimali izizwe zangaphandle njenge-United States. Futhi umqondo wezimpi ezihlanganisiwe ubuye ubhekisele ekusetshenzisweni kwezimpi zezomnotho, izithiyo kanye nezivimbelo, ukwehlisa izifundazwe eziphikisanayo nokunyakaza. Ukuvinjwa kweCuba, Venezuela, kanye ne-Iran kuyizibonelo. Ngakho-ke umqondo we-hybrid war uphakamisa ukuqhutshwa kwezimpi ngezinye, izindlela ezingabonakali kakhulu.
Okwesithathu, ingxenye enkulu yenkulumo ngendima yase-US emhlabeni iphindaphinda ukulandisa okuguquguqukayo, okunamandla amakhulu kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Kuphela manje isitha yiChina. Njengoba u-Alfred McCoy eshilo (Emathunzini OMbuso WaseMelika, 2017), i-United States ekhulwini lamashumi amabili nanye ibona ukuqina kwayo kwezomnotho kudinyazwa ukuthuthukiswa komnotho waseShayina kanye nokufinyelela emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuphonsela inselelo lokhu, uMcCoy uthi, i-United States ithathe iphrojekthi yokwakha kabusha i-hegemony yayo yezempi: i-AI, ibutho lasemkhathini, i-biometrics, izindiza ezintsha zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu njll. Uma i-US ingakwazi ukugcina i-hegemony yayo ngokwezomnotho, kuzodingeka yenze kanjalo. ngokwezempi. Lesi sikhundla siyisisekelo sombiko wakamuva we-CFR Task Force Report.
Ngokubona lokhu kuqhutshekwa kwenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-United States, abahlaziyi babona ngokufanelekile i-idiosyncrasies yenqubomgomo yangaphandle esikhathini sikaTrump. Ufinyelele eNyakatho Korea naseRussia (ebenamandla okunciphisa ukungezwani e-Asia naseCentral Europe). Ukhulume ngamanga wathi i-United States kumele ihoxise amasosha ezindaweni ezinezinkinga emhlabeni wonke, okuhlanganisa ne-Middle East. Umemezele ukuthi i-United States ayikwazi ukuba "iphoyisa lomhlaba," isimemezelo esenziwe nguMongameli wangaphambili u-Nixon njengoba ekhulisa ukuqhuma kwamabhomu eVietnam futhi waqala izinhlelo zokuketula umbuso wase-Allende eChile. Kwezinye zalezi zinyathelo, uTrump ugxekwe ngokungafanele ngamaDemocrats nabanye. Ukunciphisa ukungezwani eNhlonhlweni YaseKorea, ngokwesibonelo, bekufanele kukhuthazwe.
Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi uTrump ehamba ohlangothini olulodwa ucishe alulaze ngokushesha izinqubomgomo aziyalile. Ukuhoxa kwakhe okwamenyezelwa eSyria, kuyilapho ngokufingqiwe uphawu lokuhlola okungokoqobo kokuba khona kwamasosha ase-US eMpumalanga Ephakathi kwahlanganiswa nesimemo esiqondile noma esishiwo kumasosha aseTurkey ukuba ahlasele iNyakatho-mpumalanga yeSyria ukuze anqobe amaKurds. Futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo ehoxisa amasosha eSyria, uMnyango Wezokuvikela wamemezela ukuthi i-United States ithumela amasosha asekela eSaudi Arabia. Uhoxile esivumelwaneni ne-Iran mayelana nezikhali zenuzi kanye nesivumelwano seParis Climate Change. Isikhathi nesikhathi, isinqumo esisodwa senqubomgomo yezangaphandle siyaphikiswa esinye. Lokhu kungqubuzana kwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiwe nabalingani kanye nezitha zendabuko. Ngezinye izikhathi izinqubomgomo zibonakala zenziwa ngokuqwashisa okuncane komlando futhi ngaphandle kokubonisana okwanele namanxusa angochwepheshe. (Umuntu ukhunjuzwa ngombono wakudala we-Nixon, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi โithiyori yohlanya.โ Kuthiwa u-Nixon wayefuna ukubonakala ehlanya ukuze izitha zivinjelwe ukwenza izinto ezingqubuzana nezithakazelo zase-US ngenxa yokwesaba izimpendulo ezingahleliwe).
Isimilo esiphikisanayo senqubomgomo yezangaphandle kaTrump sishiye inhlangano yokuthula ididekile. Isabela kanjani ezenzweni zikaTrump ngezikhathi ezithile eziphikisana nokusanhlamvu kombuso wendabuko ngesikhathi esifanayo esenza ngokukhulu ukushesha ukwandisa izingozi zempi? Inhlangano yokuthula ibamba iqhaza kanjani ekwakhiweni kweningi elithuthukayo elifuna ngokufanelekile ukuketula inkathi kaTrump nakho konke elikumelelayo: inhlekelele yesimo sezulu, ukukhula kokungalingani kwezomnotho, ukucwasa ngokwebala, ukucwasa ngokobulili, ukuzonda abantu abathandana nabobulili obufanayo kanye nempi eyingxubevange? Mhlawumbe umsebenzi wenhlangano yokuthula ukufaka phakathi kuphrojekthi yokwakha imibono eminingi eqhubekayo mayelana nokuphonsela inselelo i-US njengamandla ombuso, ukumemezela ukuthi i-ajenda eqhubekayo idinga ukuhlakazwa komnotho wempi unomphela. Lezi izikhathi ezinezinkinga ngempela, ngezinga elikhulu ukusinda kwesintu nemvelo kusengcupheni. Uhlelo lwempi luyingxenye ebalulekile yalokho umzabalazo umayelana.
UHarry Targ unguSolwazi osethathe umhlalaphansi weSayensi Yezepolitiki, ePurdue University. Ubhale izincwadi nezindatshana ezikhuluma ngenqubomgomo yezangaphandle yase-US, umnotho wezepolitiki wamazwe omhlaba, kanye nezindaba zomzabalazo wabasebenzi nezigaba. Ubhalisa ku Idayari ye-Heartland Radical.
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