Ekuseni ngeMpi yokuqala yaseGulf (1991), ngemva kokuzwa izindaba zokuhlasela kwe-US e-Baghdad, ngangena ehhovisi lami emnyangweni we-physics ngisesimweni sokundikindiki nokucindezeleka. Ukufa kwabantu abaningi kanye nencithakalo ngokuqinisekile kwakuyolandela. Ngadumala, kodwa angimangalanga, lapho ngithola umfundi wami we-PhD, isishoshovu sezempi sophiko lwabafundi lwe-Jamaat-i-Islami e-Islamabad, esesimweni sokujabula. Ukunqoba kwe-Islam, uthe, akunakugwenywa ngoba uNkulunkulu ungakithi futhi abantu baseMelika ngeke bakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kotshwala nabesifazane. Wacabanga ukuthi ngeke kutholakale e-Iraq, futhi ngenjabulo waphetha ngokuthi amaMelika ayesezobhujiswa. Wabe esevala amehlo akhe ngenhlonipho waphinda kathathu โInshallahโ (uma uAllah Ethanda). Emasontweni amabili kamuva, ngemva kokuhlukunyezwa kwebutho likaSaddam kanye nama-Iraqi afile angu-70,000, ngamkhumbuza ngezibikezelo zakhe. Wakhubeka incazelo kodwa washeshe wancama. Ngemva kweminyaka, ngemva nje kokuthola iziqu zobudokotela ezinhle kakhulu kuthiyori ye-quantum field kanye nezinhlayiya eziyisisekelo, wayeka isikole futhi wasebenzisa amakhono akhe amakhulu efiziksi ukuze awasebenzise ngendlela ehluke kakhulu. Namuhla uphethe umnyango obhekene nezinhlelo zokuqondisa imicibisholo enhlanganweni yezokuvikela eyenza izikhali zenuzi nemicibisholo enembayo.
Ukukholelwa ezimangalisweni, nokuthi imithandazo yomuntu ingathonya ukungenela kukaNkulunkulu ezindabeni zezwe elibonakalayo, kuyingxenye ebalulekile yamasiko nezinkolelo eziningi. EPakistan namuhla รขโฌโ lapho iningi labantu liye lathola imfundo yamaSulumane eyaqalwa nguGeneral Zia-ul-Haq ngeminyaka yawo-1980 - ukungenelela okungaphezu kwemvelo kubhekene nezinhlekelele zemvelo nezifo, izingozi zezimoto kanye ukuphahlazeka kwendiza, ukuzuza noma ukulahlekelwa ingcebo yomuntu siqu, impumelelo noma ukwehluleka ezivivinyweni, noma ukunquma izindaba zothando nomshado. E-Pakistan ayikho indiza รขโฌโ kungakhathaliseki ukuthi eye-Pakistan International Airlines noma inkampani yenkampani ezimele ebhaliswe e-Pakistanรขโฌโ engasuka kuze kube yilapho kukhulunywa khona imithandazo efanele. Izimpi azikwazi ukunqotshwa ngaphandle kosizo luka-Allah, kodwa futhi unikezwe umsebenzi wokunqoba imidlalo yekhilikithi ePakistan.
Okokugcina okukhulunywe ngakho kuyibhizinisi elibucayi, funa noma ubani acabange ngenye indlela. Futhi kwenza umsebenzi kaSomandla ube nzima kakhulu noma nini uma kukhona amaSulumane adlala kwelinye ithimbaรขโฌโข. U-Hafizur Rahman, isibukeli esihlakaniphile sekhilikithi yasePakistan, ukhumbula ukuthi ngesikhathi iqembu lasePakistan linqoba umdlalo wokuhlola eNingizimu Afrika eminyakeni ethile edlule, izibukeli zamangala, wonke amalungu eqembu aguqa enkundleni yekhilikithi ebonga u-Allah. Kodwa lona bekuwumcimbi omncane uma kuqhathaniswa nesiphithiphithi sezwe esidalwe yiNdebe yoMhlaba e-Australia; undunankulu wakudala, uBenazir Bhutto, unxuse isizwe sonke ukuthi sithandazele ukunqoba kokugcina. Ngisho nabefundisi, abavame ukugxeka ikhilikithi njengokuzijabulisa nje okuyize, bahlanganyela kulo msindo. Ngesikhathi iPakistan ihlulwa kulo mdlalo, uChaudhry Shujaat Hussain, owaba ngundunankulu ngo-2004, waba nencazelo ethokozisayo. Ngokubona kwakhe, โingoma yePTV (Pakistan Television) eyayizishaya isifuba ngokuthi sizowina, yayingenalo igama elithi Inshallah. Yingakho silahlekelwe.โ
Isomiso singase singabi yindaba ebaluleke njengekhilikithi, kodwa ngesonto eledlule uhulumeni wasePakistan ukhiphe isexwayiso รขโฌโ imifula iyoma, amathanga amanzi aseduze nengozi, futhi ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngamanzi kungase kumiswe maduzane. Ngisho noma ngibhala lesi sigaba ngoLwesihlanu ntambama, izigidi zabathembekile kuma-mosque kulo lonke elasePakistan zilalela ikhwelo likahulumeni lokuthi รขโฌหnamaz-i-istisqaรขโฌโข (imithandazo yemvula). Ngonyaka ozayo รขโฌโ esikhundleni sokwakha amadamu, ukulalisa imisele yamanzi, ukusungula amasu okonga amanzi, noma ukwenza okuthile ukulawula ukuqhuma kwesibalo sabantu basePakistan - uhulumeni cishe uzofaka ingcindezi kuNkulunkulu futhi ngokubiza uquqaba.
Ingabe Lizokuna Uma Uthandaza?
Umlando wezinganekwane nezimangaliso ebuKristwini bangaphambi kweNguquko, ukukhula kwabo ezigabeni zangaphambili, kanye nokwehla kwabo ngaphansi kokucabanga kweRenaissance, kuyisihloko esithakazelisa kakhulu nesifanele labo abafisa ukuqonda isimo sesayensi nomphakathi emazweni amaSulumane namuhla. Umbuzo obalulekile ngaleso sikhathi kwaba, futhi osasele nanamuhla, uthi: ingabe uNkulunkulu uyayimisa imithetho yesayensi yemvelo ephendula izenzo zesintu (lapho izimangaliso zingenzeka khona)? Noma ingabe uNkulunkulu uguqule izindaba zansuku zonke zokuqhuba indawo yonke emithethweni yesayensi yemvelo ayibeka ekuqaleni (kulokhu izimangaliso azinakwenzeka)?
Belandela ukuhola kongqondongqondo be-European Renaissance, abashisekeli benguquko abangamaSulumane ekhulwini le-19, ikakhulukazi uSyed Ahmad Khan, baphikisa ngokuthi izimangaliso รขโฌโ njengoba ngokuvamile ziqondwaรขโฌโข azinakwenzeka futhi azinakwenzeka. Njengesazi sezenkolo esabhala i-tafseer (incazelo) ye-Qurรขโฌโขan, uSyed Ahmad Khan wagcizelela ukuthi izimangaliso ezishiwo kwi-Qurรขโฌโขan kumele ziqondwe ngamagama angokomfanekiso abanzi kunokuba ziqondwe njengezwi nezwi. Ngokulandela isiko lama-Mutazillite lobuSulumane bokuqala, yena, kanye nezazi zesimanje zama-Arab zangekhulunyaka le-19, baphikelela ekuhunyushweni kweQurรขโฌโขan okwakuhambisana namaqiniso abonwayo esayensi, ngaleyo ndlela bechitha izinkolelo ezivamile njengeNowa' UZamcolo Omkhulu kanye nokwehla kuka-Adamu ezulwini. Kwakuyisiphakamiso esiyingozi esabasondeza emcabangweni wesayensi yesimanje, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye nokulahlwa okunzima okuvela ku-orthodox yangalezo zikhathi. Kodwa lezo zimpi zekhulu le-19 zibonakala zilibaleka namuhla. Uma ubheka le mibhalo emidala, umuntu uyazibuza ukuthi labo ngqondongqondo abangamaSulumane balokotha kanjani ukuhlanganyela ngesibindi kangaka ezindabeni eziphikisanayo. Kodwa bakwenza, futhi namuhla asilokothi. Lokhu kuyinkomba yokuhlehla okujulile kwefilosofi nobuhlakani bomhlaba wamaSulumane eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili edlule.
Ingxoxo yami engqungqutheleni yakamuva eLahore yomlando wezimangaliso, imbangela kanye nomphumela ku-Islam yasendulo (kwakukhona ukwamukelwa okukhulu ngaleso sikhathi kunanamuhla!), kanye nencazelo yokuna kwemvula njengenqubo engokomzimba engenakuthonywa umkhuleko, yakhipha umbono ukuthukuthela okuvela kuprofesa weyunivesithi ephakeme. Kamuva, i-imeyili yasakazwa kuwo wonke umzimba wabafundi nangale kwalokho, ingcaphuno yayo ephinde yakhiqizwa ngezansi:
Iqiniso lokuthi imvula ngezinye izikhathi ibangelwa ukuphendulwa kwemithandazo liyindaba yomuntu. Nakuba ngingeke ngikwazi ukulandisa isigameko ngokuqondile, ngikwazi [lokhu] ngokuqaphela kwabantu abangeke benze ihabaรขโฌยฆ. . Inkinga ukuthi uDkt Hoodbhoy uye wanciphisa ingqondo yakhe ukuze ithonywe yilawo maqiniso kuphela angachazwa ubudlelwano bembangela-nomphumela. Leso yisibonelo sakudala sokucwasa kwezemfundoรขโฌยฆ. Umhlaba wethu awusebenzi ngomgomo wobudlelwano obuyimbangela. Igijima ngendlela ephethwe nguMphathi wayo. Umuntu uthole ukuthi, uma sikhuluma nje, izinto ezibonakalayo zomhlaba wethu zilandela isimiso sembangela-nomphumela. Nokho, lokho kungase kungenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba Lowo oyigijimisayo akakaze azibophezele ukunamathela kuleso simiso.
Ngiphendule ngamaphuzu alandelayo:
UProf. X uyavuma ukuthi akakaze azibonele mathupha imvula ngenxa yemithandazo, kodwa usho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi lokhu รขโฌหindaba yomuntu siquรขโฌโข ngoba ucabanga ukuthi abanye babone izinto ezingavamile zenzeka. Hhayi-ke, kunabantu abazimisele ngokufunga ukuthi babone isipoki sika-Elvis. Abanye bathi baye bawabona amaUFO, izilo ezinezimpondo, imimoya, abafileyo bevuka, njll. Ngaphandle kokuphikisa ukuthi abanye balaba bantu bangase babe qotho futhi bathembeke, kumelwe ngigcizelele ukuthi isayensi ayinakuvumelana nale ndlela yokusebenza. Akukho mkhawulo emandleni emicabango yabantu. Ngaphandle kwalapho lezi zenzakalo ezingaqondakali zirekhodwa ngekhamera, ngeke sikwazi ukuzamukela njengezenzeko eziyiqiniso.
ยท Imvula iyinqubo engokoqobo (ukuhwamuka, ukwakheka kwamafu, i-nucleation, ukufingqa). Kuyinkimbinkimbi, ngoba ukunyakaza komkhathi wamagesi kudinga okuguquguqukayo okuningi ukuze uthole incazelo efanele. Nokho, ithobela imithetho yemvelo efanayo ncamashi naleyo echazwe ngokubheka amagesi kusilinda, imizimba ewayo, njalonjalo. Ngokwami โโngingaba nentshisekelo enkulu ukwazi ukuthi imikhuleko ingaphinda ibangele ukuguqulwa kwezinhlobo ezilula zezinqubo zomzimba. Ngokwesibonelo, ingabe itshe lingenziwa liwele phezulu kunokuba liwele phansi? Noma ingabe ukushisa kungenziwa kugeleze kusuke emzimbeni obandayo kuye emzimbeni oshisayo ngokukhuthazwa okungokomoya okufanele? Uma imithandazo ingabangela imvula esibhakabhakeni esiluhlaza, khona-ke yonke i-physics nayo yonke isayensi ifanele ukulahlwa kudoti.
ยท Ngiyesaba ukuthi irekhodi likaProf. X's umbono ngemvula alilihle kakhulu. ISaudi Arabia isewugwadule naphezu kobungcwele bayo obusobala, futhi abalimi abampofu baseSind banesikhathi esibi nesomiso naphezu kokulula nokuzinikela kwabo. Ukuma kwezwe, hhayi ubuqotho bomthandazo, kubonakala kuyisici esinqumayo.
ยท Ukuzethemba ebudlelwaneni bembangela-nomphumela ngempela kuyisisekelo sesayensi futhi, njengososayensi, ngima ngakubo ngokugcwele. Cindezela uhlamvu รขโฌหTรขโฌโข kukhibhodi yakho bese kuvela uhlamvu olufanayo esikrinini; gibela i-accelerator futhi imoto yakho isheshise; gxuma ngefasitela futhi uyalimala; beka isandla sakho esitofini bese uyasha. Labo abangabaza imbangela-nomphumela bakwenza lokho ngokuzifaka engozini enkulu.
UProf. X uqinisile lapho ethi abantu abaningi abahlukene (hhayi amaSulumane kuphela) bakholelwa ukuthi bangaba nomthelela ezenzakalweni zenyama ngokuncenga igunya laphezulu. Ngempela, esimweni esithile sokwenza imvula, sinezibonelo ezimbalwa. AmaNdiya abomvu ayenemidanso yawo eyinkimbinkimbi yokujabulisa uNkulunkulu Wemvula; abantu bezizwe zasehlathini zase-Afrika bashaya izigubhu nokucula; kanye namaHindu angama-orthodox anxusa uRam รขโฌหyagasรขโฌโข ngamakhulu ezinkulungwane zabathembekile. Izindlela zabo zibonakala ziyinqaba kimi, kodwa ngiyazibuza ukuthi uProf. X uyafisa yini ukubanikeza inhlonipho nokuba semthethweni.
Kungani Isayensi Ibalulekile
Izinkolelo zezenkolo ezibalulekile, kanye nokuthembela ezimangalisweni nasezinkolelweni-ze, ziye zasebenza njengegxathu entuthukweni yezenhlalo futhi ngokuvamile zenza abantu babe sengcupheni yokucekelwa phansi kwe-imperialism esekelwe kwisayensi. AmaSulumane abe yizisulu ezimbi kakhulu.
Ecindezelwe amakoloni aseNtshonalanga ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye nesisindo sesiko ngakolunye, amaMuslim esimanjemanje ekhulu le-19 kuwo wonke umhlaba wamaSulumane afuna izindlela ezintsha zokuvuselela imiphakathi yawo. Ukuvumelanisa imfundiso yenkolo yamaSulumane nesayensi kwakuyinselele ebalulekile ngoba, kulaba bantu ababengamaphayona, isayensi yayiyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuthuthukisa ukucabanga okunengqondo ezindabeni zezombangazwe nezenhlalo. U-Mohammed Abduh, u-Rashid Rida, u-Jamaluddin Afghani, uSyed Ameer Ali, uSyed Ahmad Khan, nabanye ongqondongqondo, bafuna ukubhekana nezindaba ezifana nesithembu kanye ne-purdah e-Islam, umbuzo wobugqila, ukuvunyelwa kwesithakazelo, njll. Impumelelo yabo รขโฌ โ kulinganiselwe njengoba kwakunjalo รขโฌโ kwakubalulekile ekugcineni kwakhiwe iqembu elikhulu lamaMuslim elaphula imikhuba yendabuko kanye nezindlela zokuziphatha komphakathi.
Kodwa namuhla i-Islam iphinda ihlehlela ekucabangeni nasekuziphatheni kwangaphambi kwesayensi รขโฌโ izinkulungwane zamawebhusayithi esayensi ne-Islam zikhuthaza izibonelo ezimbi kakhulu ze-crackpotism yesayensi. Kodwa amaSulumane awawodwa. Ukwehla okufanayo kubonakala emhlabeni wonke ngokucabanga okuphambene nesayensi okuhambisana kahle, nokunikeza izizathu, izinhlobo ezinolaka zokuziphatha kwezenhlalo nezombusazwe.
Le nkolelo-mbono ibonakala ngokuphawulekayo eMelika kaGeorge Bush ekhuthaza i-Creationism kanye nemibono yobuKristu yombungu womuntu. Ngokombiko we-National Science Foundation ka-biennial (April 2002) mayelana nesimo sokuqonda isayensi: ama-30% abantu abadala baseMelika bakholelwa ukuthi ama-UFO ayizimoto zasemkhathini ezivela kwezinye izimpucuko; Amaphesenti angu-60 akholelwa ku-ESP; Amaphesenti angu-40 acabanga ukuthi ukufunda izinkanyezi kungokwesayensi; Ama-32% akholelwa ezinombolweni zenhlanhla; Ama-70% amukela ukwelashwa kazibuthe njengokwesayensi; futhi ama-88% ayamukela enye imithi. Lesi sisekelo esikhulu sokungazi sivumela ukukhuphuka kwe-neoconservatism yaseMelika kanye nepulani yeNew American Century; amalungiselelo e-Armagedoni; kanye nokuthi uJenene Boykin eSomalia athi โuNkulunkulu wami mkhulu kunowaboโ.
E-India, izinkolelo-ze zatshalwa ngenkuthalo yi-BJP nabalingani bayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukwakhiwa kweminyango yezinkanyezi, ukukhuthazwa kwezibalo โzeVedicโ kanye ne-cosmology, nokulungiswa kabusha kwezifundo zesikole. I-mass hysteria รขโฌโ ekhuthazwa amaHindu avamile รขโฌโ yahambisana nokubonwa โKwendoda Yenkawuโ, kwalandelwa u-Muhnochwa โu-Face-Scratcherโ, bese kuba u-Lord Ganesh ofana nendlovu okuthiwa uphuza ubisi. Emangalelwa ngombono wokuphakama kwamaHindu, kanye nemibono engalawuleki yokuthi onkulunkulu bamaHindu babezalwe ngaphansi kwamasonto athile amaSulumane, amabutho amaHindutva ahlela ukucekelwa phansi kwamathempeli namathuna, futhi abulala amaSulumane namaKristu.
Kwa-Israyeli, amaJuda angama-Orthodox abe yizinsika zombuso owakhelwe phezu komqondo wokuvalelwa ngaphandle kwenkolo. Ukushisekela kuka-Israyeli ukuphakama okuphelele kwezempi, kanye nesiko eliqinile lenkolo yobuJuda, kuze kube manje kuyigcinile inkolelo yobuorthodox. Kodwa akucaci ukuthi lokhu kungaqhubeka unomphela. Isibonelo, izikhulu ezithile zezinkomo zaseMelika sekuyiminyaka zisebenza nozakwabo bakwa-Israyeli ukuzama ukuzalanisa ithokazi elibomvu elimsulwa kwa-Israyeli, okuzothi, ngokuchaza kwabo isahluko 19 seNcwadi kaNumeri, kubonise ukuza kokwakhiwa kweSithathu. Ithempeli. Uma bengase baphumelele, kungaqinisa umnyakazo osuvele uqinile phakathi kwa-Israyeli wokwakha kabusha iThempeli, isenzakalo esasizothungela iMpumalanga Ephakathi, njengoba noma yiliphi iThempeli elisha kufanele lakhiwe phezu kwekhaya lamanje leNtaba Yethempeli leDome of The Rock, indawo engcwele yamaSulumane.
Abashisekeli bazo zonke izinkolelo รขโฌโ AmaSulumane, amaHindu, amaKristu, namaJuda รขโฌโ ayakwamukela ukuhlaselwa kwesayensi nokucabanga. Ama-Social constructivists, ama-postmodernists, ngisho nabanye abalwela amalungelo abantu besifazane, baye babanikeza izikhali ezengeziwe ngokungazinzi ngokusungula izimpikiswano eziwubuqili. Ukwenziwa ngcono kwesimo somuntu kudinga ukubuyela ekucabangeni okubucayi nokuhlaziywa kwesayensi, ukwenqatshwa kokuvumelana kwamasiko, kanye nokuzimisela ukwamukela izimiso zezimiso zokuziphatha ezisathuthuka nokuziphatha komuntu.
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Umbhali unguprofesa wefiziksi e-Quaid-e-Azam University, e-Islamabad
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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