Ukwahlulela ngengxoxo yephaneli evale iFox News's NgeSonto noChris Wallace ekuseni ngo-June 19, into ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni wonke ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa ezedlule kwaba amazwi kaSenator waseMelika uRichard Durbin akhulume phansi egunjini leSigele ngoLwesibili olwedlule (Juni 14) mayelana “isikhungo sokuboshwa eGuantanamo Bay. "
Okungenani into ethakazelisa kakhulu. Ngokuqinisekile ewusizo kakhulu. I-Fox News idlale iziqeshana ezimbalwa. (Bebengahloniphi futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke behlukunyeziwe engqikithini yabo yasekuqaleni—njengoba ubusuqagele.) Abahleli bephaneli—ngaphandle kukaWallace, uBrit Hume weFox News, I-Weekly Standard umhleli uWilliam Kristol, kanye noMara Liasson weNational Public Radio kanye noJuan Williams—yize kufanele ngengeze ukuthi lawa maZombi achitha isikhathi esiningi emoyeni kwaFox, ukuzihlanganisa kwawo kungase kufakwe ohlwini lwezindaba zikaRupert Murdoch’s News Corporation—bonke bavumelana ngokuthi amazwi ayeyone kakhulu i-United States of America. Futhi bonke bavumelana ngokuthi uSenator udinga ukulungisa amazwi akhe, kube nokungavumelani ngokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezidingekayo kuye. Azikho ezinye izinto okukhulunywa ngazo ohlelweni lweWallace kuleli Sonto—i UNobhala Wezwe waseMelikaukukhathazeka okuhlekisayo mayelana nokuletha intando yeningi eMpumalanga Ephakathi ukuze i-United States ivikeleke; isiyaluyalu esihlekisa ngokulinganayo mayelana nendaba ye-Oil-for-Food eNhlanganweni Yezizwe Ezihlangene; kanye nokukhululwa kwe "bipartisan" Task Force on the United Nations' umbiko, kanye nokuthi ngabe leso sishayo sokukhetha uhlangothi olulodwa, uNobhala-Jikelele u-Kofi Annan, sizosinda yini ezinyangeni ezingu-18 zokugcina zesikhathi sakhe sokuphatha—sacishe savusa izinga elifanayo lothando. Ukubuka izindaba ze-Fox NgeSonto noChris Wallace namhlanje ekuseni, ngize ngiqiniseka kakhulu kunangaphambili ukuthi uHulumeni wase-US uzomemezela impi emhlabeni wonke, noma asebenzise izikhali zakhe ezingenakuqhathaniswa zokucekela phansi elinye izwe ngolunye usuku, iFox News izozama konke okusemandleni ukuthi iguqule ukunaka kwayo. okuthile okuphuthuma nakakhulu—njengokuthi ingabe ukuqoshwa kwamahholo oMkhandlu-jikelele we-UN kwakudlulele kakhulu ekuboniseni lesi senzo njengesiyingozi emaqenjini ahilelekile. Kodwa ukuhlasela kohlelo lukaWallace kuSenator Durbin kungiphakamisele ukuthi uDurbin kumele ngabe usho okuthile okubalulekile nokubalulekile. Inethiwekhi kuphela engalinganiseli futhi engenabulungiswa njengoba iFox yayingazimisele ukuvumela izethameli zayo zifunde lokho uDurbin ayekushilo ngempela.
Vele, iFox News ibingakaze ibe yodwa. Isibonelo, ezinsukwini ezimbili ngemuva kokukhuluma kukaDurbin, uNobhala Wezindaba we-White House uScott McClellan wajabulela ukushintshana okulandelayo nentatheli (June 16):
Scott, uSenator Durbin uqhathanisa ukuphathwa kweziboshwa eGuantanamo nendlela amaNazi ayehlukumeza ngayo iziboshwa phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. Ngabe uMengameli uzithatha kanjani lezi zinsolo?
Mnu. UMcCLELLAN: Ngicabanga ukuthi amazwi kaSenator anecala. Kuwukubukela phansi kwangempela kwabesilisa nabesifazane bethu abagqoke umfaniswano ababambelela emazingeni aphezulu futhi abahlonipha izindinganiso zethu nemithetho yethu. Ukuqhathanisa indlela amasosha ethu aphatha ngayo iziboshwa nama-gulag aseSoviet, amakamu okuhlushwa amaNazi, kanye nombuso kaPol Pot kumane kuwukusoleka. Futhi ukuphakamisa ukuthi laba bantu - ngiyabona ukuthi kuphawuliwe - uma kuqhathaniswa nokuboshwa kwabantu baseJapan baseMelika phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. Ukuphakamisa ukuthi laba balwi abayizitha ababoshwe e-Guantanamo Bay kufanele bakhululwe kumane nje akukholekali kimi. Laba ngabantu abayingozi abalandwe enkundleni yempi. Bathathwa enkundleni yempi lapho belwa namabutho aseMelika. Bathathwa enkundleni yempi ngoba bangabantu abathintekayo ezinhlelweni zokulimaza abantu baseMelika kanye nezakhamizi ezingenacala.
Futhi ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi lezo zinkulumo ziyihlazo futhi ziwukubukela phansi kwangempela kwabesilisa nabesifazane bethu abagqoke umfaniswano. Abesilisa nabesifazane bakithi abagqoke umfaniswano bayaphuma endleleni yabo ukuze baphathe iziboshwa ngobuntu, futhi benza konke okusemandleni abo ukuze babambe izimiso nemithetho esiyiqhakambisa kangaka kuleli. Futhi uma ukhuluma ngamagulag namakamu okuhlushwa embusweni kaPol Pot, izigidi zabantu, abantu abangenacala, babulawa leyo mibuso.
Umholi weSenate Majority uBill Frist waseTennessee ucele ngokusemthethweni "USenator Durbin ukuthi ahoxise ukuphawula kwakhe futhi axolise ngokufanele," Washington Post kubika, wengeza ngokuthi uFrist ukholelwa ukuthi "abanye abaholi beDemokhrasi kufanele bacele uxolo." "Amahloni awaqali ukuchaza lokhu kunyundela izwe lethu," kusho yena Thumela ucaphuna uFrist ethi, “futhi amadoda nabesifazane abanesibindi babeka ukuphila kwabo engozini nsuku zonke ukuze bakuvikele.”
Ngokusho the Thumela, isitatimende sikaFrist sikaJuni 18 siphinde sathi “Ekuthunjweni eGuantanamo kukhona ababulali…ababulali abaningi abayingozi. Bavalelwe ezitokisini lapho ngezabo…futhi hhayi ezinkundleni zempi e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan…noma emigwaqweni yaseNashville, eBoston, eMiami noma eNew York.”
Imbongolo yami, Senator. (Kanti: Unayo, Dr. Frist, ukwazile ukuthola umphefumulo kaTerri Schiavo ongasekho, futhi wawubuza ukuthi zaziyini ngempela izifiso zawo ngomzimba owawuwushiye usesimweni sokumila unomphela?)
Noma kunjalo. Ngokubona konke lokhu, angikwazi ukuzibamba kodwa ngiyazibuza ukuthi ngabe ukhona yini umuntu laphaya owake waba nethuba lokucabangela amazwi angempela kaDurbin, ewonke kanye nasemongweni wawo wangempela—okusho umusho phezu kwesigwebo, njengoba uDurbin ngokwakhe awethula phansi. weSenate, hhayi kumazwibela asakazwa ngeFox News?
Nginalokhu kukhathazeka engqondweni, nginqume ukukhiqiza kabusha amagama angempela kaDurbin lapha, njengoba evela Record Record's kungobo yomlando yazo yangoLwesibili, Juni 14, 2005. (Kuzo zombili izihloko zamazwi kaDurbin, nezixhumanisi zawo, bheka ngezansi.)
Qaphela ukuthi isiqephu lapho iDurbin ihlaselwe khona ngale ndlela yokuhlaselwa okubuna yilena elandelayo (S6954, col. 3):
Uma ufunda ezinye izincazelo eziyingcaca zalokho okwenzeke lapha—ngicishe ngingabaze ukuzifaka KUREKHODI, nokho kufanele zengezwe kule mpikiswano. Ake ngikufundele okwabonwa umenzeli we-FBI. Futhi ngicaphuna embikweni wakhe:
Ezikhathini ezimbalwa, ngangena emagumbini okuxoxisana ngawo ukuze ngithole isiboshwa siboshwe ngamaketanga izandla nezinyawo endaweni yombungu, singenasihlalo, ukudla namanzi. Ezikhathini eziningi babezichamela noma bazikhiphe, futhi babeshiywe lapho amahora angu-18-24 noma ngaphezulu. Ngesinye isikhathi, i-air conditioning yayinqatshiwe kuze kube manje futhi izinga lokushisa lalibanda kakhulu ekamelweni, kangangokuthi isiboshwa esasingagqoke izicathulo sasiqhaqhazela amakhaza. ….. Ngesinye isikhathi, [i-air conditioner] yayicishiwe, okwenza izinga lokushisa ekamelweni elingenawo umoya lingaphezu kwama-degree angu-100. Umboshwa ucishe waquleka phansi, kunenqwaba yezinwele eduze kwakhe. Ngokusobala wayekhiphe izinwele zakhe ubusuku bonke. Kwesinye isigameko, izinga lokushisa lalingashisi ngendlela engabekezeleleki kuphela, kodwa umculo we-rap wawudlalelwa phezulu kakhulu ekamelweni, futhi kusukela ngayizolo, isiboshwa siboshwe ngamaketanga izandla nezinyawo endaweni yombungu phansi kwamathayela.
Uma ngikufundela lokhu futhi ngingakutsheli ukuthi kwakuyi-ejenti ye-FBI echaza lokho abantu baseMelika abakwenzile eziboshweni ababezilawula, ngokuqinisekile ubungakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kufanele ukuthi kwenziwa amaNazi, amaSoviet ku-gulags yawo, noma umbuso othile wokuhlanya. -Pol Pot noma abanye - ababengenandaba nabantu. Ngokudabukisayo, akunjalo. Lesi kwakuyisenzo sabantu baseMelika ekuphatheni iziboshwa zabo.
Kungenxa yokuthi ukhulume amagama akulesi sigaba sokugcina ikakhulukazi—wonke amagama aso angama-76—ukuthi uDurbin wathweswa icala wuphiko lwesokudla e-States, futhi washiywa kakhulu ozakwabo beDemokhrasi eSigele.
Futhi nokho mina ngokukodwa angikwazanga ukuvumelana nephuzu likaDurbin ngaphezulu. Okungukuthi, uma kukhona, okwehlisa icala lombuso waseWashington ngenxa yokungabi namthetho kwawo jikelele, ukungabi nalunya kwawo, kanye nosongo olubeka ekuvikelekeni kwabantu ezindaweni hhayi nje kuphela njenge-Afghanistan, i-Iraq, nePakistan-kodwa khona lapha kulokhu. izwe, futhi.
UDurbin waqhubeka (S6594, col. 3 - S6595, col. 1):
Akukephuzi kakhulu. Ngethemba ukuthi sizofunda emlandweni. Ngethemba ukuthi sizoshintsha indlela. UMongameli angamemezela ukuthi i-United States izosebenzisa i-Geneva Conventions empini yokulwa nobuphekula. Angamemezela, njengoba kufanele, ukuthi i-United States, ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, ngeke ibeke noma yimuphi isiboshwa ekuhlushweni, noma ngonya, ngonya, noma ekuphathweni ngendlela ehlazisayo. Abaphathi banganikeza zonke iziboshwa ithuba elinengqondo lokuphikisa ukuboshwa kwazo ngaphambi komenzi wezinqumo ongathathi hlangothi.
Ushintsho olunjalo luzosithuthukisa kakhulu isithombe sethu futhi lungasenza siphephe kakhudlwana. Ngiyethemba ukuthi laba abaphathi bazokhetha leso sifundo. Uma bengakwenzi, iCongress kumele ingenele.
Udaba okuphikiswana ngalo emaphephandabeni namuhla lugeja iphuzu. Udaba alukho mayelana nokuvala iGuantanamo Bay. Akuwona umbuzo wekheli lalezi ziboshwa. Umbuzo ukuthi siziphatha kanjani lezi ziboshwa. Ukuvala i-Guantanamo nokuhambisa lezi ziboshwa ezindaweni ezingadalulwanga kwamanye amazwe, okungenakufinyeleleka kuzo umphakathi, okungenakufinyeleleka kunoma yikuphi ukubhekwa, kuwukuyeka ukuzibophezela okuyisisekelo nokuyisisekelo kobulungiswa nokungenzeleli, isibopho esasenza lapho. sasayina i-Geneva Convention futhi sathi i-United States iyakwamukela njengomthetho wezwe, isibopho esisenzile ngokuphindaphindiwe uma kuziwa endabeni yokuhlukunyezwa. Ukugxeka umhlaba wonke ngokusebenzisa ukuhlukumeza nokushalazela lokho esikwenzayo kule mpi akulungile, futhi akuwona umMelika.
Futhi nakuba ngingavumelani namagama amane okugcina (okungukuthi, elithi Durbin elithi “akusilona i-American” lisezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu), angikwazi ukuzibamba kodwa ngiyazibuza ukuthi, yini ngempela, abagxeki bakaDurbin abathole engafaneleki emazwini akhe. Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi kwakuyilapho etshela iSenethi ngendima yomkhakha wamandla wase-US ekwenzeni inqubomgomo, kuhlanganise "nemibhalo kadokotela yemvelo kanye nezitatimende ukuze kubukeke sengathi akukho usongo lokufudumala kwembulunga yonke" (S5692, col. 2)? Noma lapho uDurbin ebatshela ukuthi ivotele ngokumelene ne-October, 2002 Use of Force Resolution ngoba “wayekholelwa ukuthi lo mbuso udukise abantu baseMelika ngosongo lwangempela lwase-Iraq,” nokuthi lapho ethumba i-Iraq ngezempi, “wayengazi ukuthi enzeni. yenza ngokulandelayo” (S5692, col. 3)?
Noma kuthiwani lapho uDurbin ebafundisa isikhathi eside (okungukuthi, cishe amagama ayi-2,300 ngaphambi kokufaka kwakhe imemo eyodwa "lokho okwabonwa yi-ejenti ye-FBI" Record Record) mayelana nokwephulwa komthetho kaningi, kwasekhaya, kwamazwe ngamazwe, kanye nokusiza abantu, ubulwane bemikhuba eye yavela obala emajele anjenge-Abu Ghraib kanye ne-Guantanamo Bay's Camp X-Ray, kanye nobushiqela bombuso eWashington obhekene nezinkinga. konke lokho, ngokwamazwi kaDurbin, “okufuna wonke amandla: isishayamthetho, isikhulu, nomahluleli,” futhi kunganaki noma ubani nanoma yini emi endleleni yakho (S6593 - S6594)?
Angisikhumbuli noma yisiphi isigameko lapho uSenator Frist noma omunye wabakhulumeli bombuso eWashington enze noma yimuphi umzamo wokuhlola ukufaneleka kwalezi zitatimende. Noma yisiphi isenzakalo lapho i-Fox News isakaza khona iziqeshana lapho uSenator Durbin ayengabonwa futhi ezwakala ewakhuluma.
Ngokubona kwami, uSenator Durbin akufanele nje kuphela hhayi xolisa nganoma yini. (Eqinisweni, kuze kube manje, usekhiphe izitatimende ezimbili ezikhuluma ngale mpikiswano. Okuningi akuvumile ukuthi (June 17): “Ngiye ngafunda emazwini ami ukuthi ukufana okungokomlando kungasetshenziswa kabi futhi kuqondwe kabi. Ngizisola ngobuqotho uma lokho engikushilo kubangele noma ubani ukuba angaqondi imizwa yami yangempela: amasosha ethu emhlabeni wonke nemikhaya yawo esekhaya afanelwe inhlonipho, ukunconywa nokusekelwa okuphelele.” Osekuvele kuvunyelwe kakhulu.)
Kodwa yilabo akade behlasela iDurbin okumele baxolise eDurbin.
Njengoba nje bakweleta umhlaba wonke ukuxolisa. Kusukela ngezinkulungwane ezingenakubalwa zeziboshwa eziboshwe ngokungemthetho endaweni enkulu futhi ekhulayo ye-gulag yaseMelika—ingxenye encane kakhulu eyiCamp X-Ray ebonakala kakhulu eGuantanamo Bay.
USenator uRichard Durbin, Ekhuluma eSenate Floor, Record Record, June 14, 2005, kk. 6591-6595
S6591 (kusuka kukholomu 3)
S6592
S6593
S6594 (bheka isihl. col. 3)
S6595"Ababoshiwe,” Ukulalelwa kweKomidi Lezobulungiswa Lesenethi, Juni 15, 2005
"Isitatimende saseDurbin ngeGuantanamo,” Ukukhishwa Kwabezindaba, USenator wase-US u-Dick Durbin, Juni 15, 2005
"Isitatimende saseDurbin Ngamazwana Angaphambilini Mayelana neGuantanamo Bay,” Ukukhishwa Kwabezindaba, USenator wase-US u-Dick Durbin, Juni 17, 2005"'FOX News Sunday' Okulotshiweyo: I-Amnesty Int'l USA Isikhulu uWilliam Schulz, " I-Fox News ngeSonto noChris Wallace, Juni 5, i-2005
"Press Breifing nguScott McClellan,” Ihhovisi le-White House likaNobhala Wezindaba, Juni 16, 2005
"USenator wase-US umi ngenkulumo yamaNazi, " Al Jazeera, Juni 16, i-2005
"Ukuhlaselwa kuka-Amnesty kunweba ijele laseGuantanamo,” uDemetri Sevastopulo, Izikhathi Zezezimali, Juni 18, i-2005
"UFrist Ugcizelela Ukuxolisa Ngamazwi KaDurbin, " Washington Post, Juni 19, i-2005Izithakazelo zaseMelika kanye Nezinguquko ze-UN, Umbiko we-Task Force on the United Nations, u-Newt Gingrich no-George Mitchell et al., I-United States Institute of Peace, June, 2005 (Okophelele Uhlobo lwe-PDF okufanayo.)
…, ZNet, May 19, 2005
USenator uRichard Durbin, Ekhuluma eSenate Floor, Record Record, June 14, 2005, kk. 6591-6595
-S6591 (kusukela kukholo. 3)—-
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UMnu. HARKIN. Nginikezela phansi, futhi ngibonga uzakwethu wase-Illinois.
ISIKHULU ESEMEMTHETHWENI (UMnu. THUNE). USenator wase-Illinois uqashelwa kuze kube yimizuzu engama-25.
UMnu DURBIN. Ake ngibonge uzakwethu wase-Iowa. Mina naye sinokuthile esifana ngakho: Sithanda izinto zokubasa zotshwala, i-ethanol nodizili. Siyaqonda ukuthi laba ngabantu basekhaya. Awudingi ukulinda inqola ye-OPEC ukuthi inqume ukukuthumelela zona. Sitshala ummbila ensimini, futhi ibhulashi elilodwa kwayisithupha lommbila otshalwa eMelika lidala i-ethanol, uphethiloli wotshwala.
Ngaphambilini, engisebenza naye kanye nomngane wami waseNew York babekhuluma ngokuthi, Lokhu kungase kusho ukuthini kubalimi? Akabuqondi ubulungiswa bemakethe. Isidingo esengeziwe sinyusa amanani. Isidingo sokuthi ummbila uwusebenzise ukwakha amafutha e-ethanol notshwala kuzosiza abalimi. Njengoba abalimi bethola amanani aphezulu ommbila wabo, kunezinkokhelo eziphansi ezinhlelweni zeFederal. Abakhokhi bentela nabo bazohlomula.
UMnu. HARKIN. Kunjalo.
UMnu DURBIN. Lokho iSigele saseNew York ehlulekile ukukuphawula—futhi ngase ngizomphazamisa, kodwa njengoba ngihlala naye, ngiyamphazamisa ngaso sonke isikhathi—ngihlala naye eWashington, ngenhlanhla; kunesimo somndeni ngenye indlela. Engangizomkhumbuza ukuthi uma lamaloli efika ne-ethanol eNew York futhi aphazamiseke esiminyaminya futhi ashise uphethiloli wawo, uma ene-ethanol emathangini awo, kuyancipha ukungcola eDolobheni lakhe elihle laseNew York. Ngakho sinenye inzuzo eyengeziwe lapha–hhayi nje imali engenayo ethe xaxa yabalimi kanye nezinkokhelo ezincane zabakhokhi bentela ngezinhlelo zasemapulazini kodwa umoya ohlanzekile nokuncika kancane kuwoyela wangaphandle.
Ngethemba ukuthi uSenator Harkin kanye nami singakuthatha lokhu njengephrojekthi yekilasi, ukuzama ukusebenza kuSenator Schumer waseNew York. Uyindoda ejabule kakhulu futhi wenzela uMbuso wakhe umsebenzi omuhle, kodwa udinga imfundo eyisisekelo ngommbila ne-ethanol nokuthi kusho ukuthini eMelika.
UMnu. HARKIN. Ngihlangana neSenator. Sizokwenza ukumfundisa okuncane.
UMnu DURBIN. Cishe lo msebenzi okungafanele siwenze ngoba ubalulekile, kodwa sizozama noma kunjalo. Lena yi-Energy bill. Kuyisikweletu esikhulu, njengoba ungasho. Ngahlala phansi ngenza okuthile okuhlukile: Nganquma ukuyifunda, ukuze nje nginqume ukuthi sivotela ini. Angikusho lokho ngendlela embi ngokuphelele ngoba okunye kwalokhu kuwubuchwepheshe, udinga ukuthi abasebenzi badlule futhi bathole kahle ukuthi kwenzekani kulo mthethosivivinywa.Into eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu ngalo mthethosivivinywa akulona iqiniso lokuthi uSenator Domenici waseNew Mexico usebenze kanzima kuwo noSenator Bingaman futhi wenze umsebenzi omuhle kangaka ngesisekelo se-bipartisan ukuze asilethe. Lokho kuyinto enhle, futhi ngamncoma uSenator Domenici ngakho
-S6592-
ngaphambili. Okukhathazayo ngalo mthethosivivinywa ukuthi uhlela ukusungula:
ukuthuthukiswa kokuvikeleka kwamandla e-United States.
Njengoba ihlela ukusungula inqubomgomo yaseMelika yamandla, ungacabanga, Abantu baseMelika abaningi bahlangana kanjani namandla usuku ngalunye? Impela uma ukhanyisa izibani ekuseni noma kusihlwa, uhlangana nogesi, kodwa ngokufanayo, uma ungena kuleyo moto noma kulelo loli noma kulelo bhasi, uthintana nenqubomgomo yamandla kagesi. eMelika.
Uma lokho kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu kwempilo ngamandla, uma ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-60 awo wonke amafutha esiwaletha e-United States esetshenziselwa uphethiloli wezimoto, amaloli nezimoto, ungavele ucabange ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yalo mthethosivivinywa cishe Amakhasi angama-800 kufanele anikezwe kuwo wonke umbuzo wokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli wezimoto namaloli. Akubonakali yini lokho? Ngeke yini kube enye yezinto zokuqala?
Ngokudabukisayo, kuzodingeka ufune isikhathi eside futhi kanzima ukuze uthole noma iyiphi inkomba lapha yomnotho kaphethiloli nokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli wezimoto namaloli eMelika. Umbuzo engiwubuze kaningi uthi, Ungaba kanjani nenqubomgomo yamandla ethembekile eMelika futhi ungakhulumi ngalokho? Ungaba kanjani ngempela nomgomo owehlisa ukuthembela kwethu kuwoyela wangaphandle uma singakhulumi ngezimoto namaloli angawonga kakhulu—ukongiwa okwengeziwe?
Angicabangi ukuthi ungakwazi. Okuwukuphela kwenhlinzeko kulo mthethosivivinywa okhuluma ngokuthi, ngendlela engaqondile nengaqondile, ithi eminyakeni eyi-10 ezayo, sizokwehlisa isidingo sikawoyela eMelika ngemiphongolo eyisigidi esi-1 ngosuku. Yinto enhle leyo. Ngiyakweseka lokho. Akucaci ukuthi sizokwenza kanjani. Eqinisweni, akubonisi isifiso okufanele sibe naso ekuhlanganiseni lo mthethosivivinywa ngoba singenza kangcono. Singenza kangcono kakhulu.
Kusasa, uSenator MARIA CANTWELL waseWashington uzonikeza isichibiyelo sohlangothi lweDemokhrasi mayelana nenqubomgomo yamandla. Kuyisichibiyelo sethu esiholayo. Isizathu sokuthi kube isichibiyelo sethu esiholayo sikholelwa ukuthi kufinyelela enhliziyweni yombuzo. Nakhu esikukholelwayo kukhokhasi yethu yeSenate yeDemocratic Alliance. Sicabanga ukuthi kufanele sengeze kulolu limi lomthethosivivinywa oluthi: Eminyakeni engama-20 ezayo, sizokwehlisa ukuthembela kwethu kuwoyela wangaphandle eMelika ngamaphesenti angama-40.
Eqinisweni, ngicabanga ukuthi singenza kangcono, kodwa sisungula izinga elingamaphesenti angu-40. Namuhla, amaphesenti angu-58 awo wonke amafutha esiwashisa nsuku zonke eMelika avela phesheya-amaphesenti angu-58. Ingahloliwe, ingashintshiwe, kulinganiselwa ukuthi eminyakeni engu-20 izoba ngamaphesenti angu-68. Ingaphezu kwemibili kweyodwa imiphongolo kawoyela emithathu izongeniswa e-United States.
Uma isichibiyelo seDemokhrasi samukelwe—futhi ngethemba ukuthi kunjalo, ngokwesisekelo sezinhlangothi ezimbili–uma sehlisa ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe ngamaphesenti angama-40 eminyakeni engama-20 ezayo, inani lizosuka kumaphesenti angama-58 liye kumaphesenti angama-56. Lokho kusephezulu kakhulu, kodwa ukungenzi lutho kusho ukuthi ukuthembela kwethu kuwoyela wangaphandle kuzokhula.
Kuya ngamafutha angaphandle kusho ukuthi ngabanikazi bawo. Angifuni ikusasa lami, the
Ikusasa lezingane zami noma labazukulu, ezandleni zoMndeni Wasebukhosini waseSaudi. Yilokho ikusasa labo elizoboshelwa kukho—emhlabeni lapho kuzoba nokuncintisana okwengeziwe ngowoyela we-OPEC.
Awukwazi ukucosha iphephabhuku noma indatshana noma kuphi engabhekiseli ekukhuleni kweShayina nomnotho wayo. Bavele bamunca imisebenzi eMelika, babeke ngamafuphi uRoss Perot, nokudala amathuba amasha emisebenzi ezweni elintula amandla. Ngakho-ke babheke emhlabeni wonke ukuthola lapho bengangenisa khona igesi namafutha ukuze baqhubekisele phambili ukukhula komnotho waseChina.
Okusho ukuthi, i-China izoba yimbangi yethu kulowo mafutha eminyakeni ezayo. Uma singakunaki ukwehlisa ukuthembela kwethu kuwoyela wangaphandle, sizozithola sisesimweni esibucayi kakhulu kunanamuhla, lapho izindleko zikawoyela zizokhula ngenxa yokwanda kwesidingo sezinsiza ezilinganiselwe, futhi ukuthembela kwethu kuzokwanda Ngisikhathi esifanayo. Yeka iresiphi yenhlekelele yezomnotho eMelika.
Ngizokutshela into eyodwa ekhathazayo. Uyakhumbula okuwukuphela kwenhlinzeko kulo mthethosivivinywa ohlobene nokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli engikhulume ngawo ekuqaleni efuna ukwehlisa ukuthembela kwethu kuwoyela wangaphandle ngemiphongolo eyisigidi ngosuku? Sisanda kuthola isitatimende esisemthethweni esivela eBush White House namuhla-bayaphikisana nalokho kunikezwa. Bafuna ukuyikhipha esikweletini. Yilokho kuphela okuhlinzekwa kulo mthethosivivinywa ohlobene nokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli nokonga kukaphethiloli, futhi bafuna ukuthi kukhishwe kumthethosivivinywa.
Lona kanye nokuphatha okungahambisani neqiniso lokuthi kukhona ukufudumala kwezwe, abaphathi abafanayo ngesonto eledlule kudingeke ukuthi baxoshe indoda eyayidokotela imibhalo yezemvelo kanye nezitatimende ukuze kubukeke sengathi akukho usongo lokufudumala komhlaba. Laba baphathi bathi bafuna ukukhipha okuwukuphela kwenhlinzeko kumthethosivivinywa ezosenza singanciki kakhulu kuwoyela wangaphandle. Bacabangani? Lobu ubuholi eWhite House?
UMongameli angahamba, ebambene ngezandla, nenkosana yaseSaudi epulazini layo eliseTexas, kodwa ingabe iMelika ifuna ukuhamba ibambene nenkosana yaseSaudi iminyaka engama-20 ezayo? Hhayi mina-cha. Ngifuna ukusibona sibhekela ekuzimeleni kwamandla. Akwenzeki ukuthi sifinyelele kuwo wonke empilweni yami, kodwa asikweleta yini izizukulwane ezizayo ukwehlisa ukuthembela kwethu kuwoyela wangaphandle?
Okungiyisa esihlokweni sesibili, esihlobene. Lokho kuncika kuwoyela wangaphandle kusingenisa ezinkingeni eziningi emhlabeni jikelele. Buza amasosha aseMelika ayi-150,000 ase-Iraq namuhla. Buza ukuthi ngabe besizogxila yini njengathi eMpumalanga Ephakathi kanye nokuzinza kwayo ukube besingathembelanga kulawo mikhumbi kawoyela usuku nosuku sishiya leyo nhlonhlo yase-Arabia, indawo yase-Arabia, singena e-United States nalo mafutha esiwadinga kakhulu. . Angicabangi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi singaba lapho ngomuzwa ongaka. Kodwa sikhona.
Ngenxa yokuthembela kwethu kuwoyela wangaphandle, sesingene engxabanweni, manje eseyingaphezu kweminyaka emi-2, engapheli. Ngangingomunye wamaSenatha angama-23 avotela ngokumelene ne- Use of Force Resolution eyagunyaza uMongameli Bush ukuthi ahlasele i-Iraq. Lokho kwakungengenxa yokuthi nganginozwelo ngoSaddam Hussein-angikaze ngizwe-kodwa ngoba ngangikholelwa ukuthi laba baphathi babedukise abantu baseMelika mayelana nosongo lwangempela lwase-Iraq. Kuvele ukuthi ngemuva kwalokho sikhohlisiwe, azikho izikhali zokucekela phansi abantu abaningi, azikho izikhali zenuzi, azikho ukuxhumana no-9/11. Kuvele ukuthi izinsongo esatshelwa ukuthi zikhona azikho. Abantu baseMelika babedukisiwe.
Ngokudabukisayo, laba baphathi bathatha amasosha angcono kakhulu emhlabeni futhi bahlasela i-Iraq futhi ngokushesha benza i-oda elifushane likaSaddam Hussein namasosha akhe kodwa bengazi ukuthi benzeni ngokulandelayo. Bayinqoba impi. Abakwazanga ukuthola ukuthi bazokuthola kanjani ukuthula. Futhi sisakhokha inani elinzima kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka nsuku zonke ngenxa yokungalungeli kwabo.
Cabanga ngakho. Ngempelasonto, isibalo samasosha aseMelika abulawa e-Iraq empini manje sesifinyelele cishe ku-1,700-1,700 amadodana namadodakazi ethu anikele ngezimpilo zawo e-Iraq, kungazelelwe.
Amasosha athunyelwe empini ngabaphathi abathole yonke imali abayicelile kuKhongolose ukuze banikeze amasosha ethu. Amasosha athunyelwa empini, abulawa, nanamuhla, ngama-humvees angahlomile. Amasosha angenazo izikhali zomzimba. Amasosha angenazo izinto ezifanele.
Kade ngikhona. Ngibonile. Ngizwile. Ngikhulumile nala masosha. Ngiyazi emasontweni ambalwa edlule e-Iraq kwakunjalo. Lokho, kimi, kuyinhlekelele futhi kuwukuhlukumezeka.
Okunye okukhathazayo wukuthi le Ngqungquthela iyasaba ngisho ukubuza imibuzo enzima yalo hulumeni. Sagcina nini ukulalelwa okubucayi eCapitol Hill mayelana nokuhlukunyezwa kwenkontileka kwe-Halliburton e-Iraq? Kuzodingeka siseshe i-Congressional Record isikhathi eside futhi kanzima ukuthola ukuthi akuzange kube khona ukulalelwa okunjalo. Asingeni kulolo daba. Sagcina nini ukulalela eCapitol Hill mayelana nezinkinga ezinkulu esinazo ekubutheni amasosha amasha, amatilosi, amatilosi namasosha asemoyeni? Lokho kuyinkinga enkulu. Amasosha angcono kakhulu emhlabeni adinga amadoda nabesifazane abangcono kakhulu. Kungani bengeke bahlanganyele ezinhlwini zokulwa kule mpi yase-Iraq nase-Afghanistan? Lokho kuwufanele ukulalelwa, akunjalo? Sisayilindile.Kuzoba nokulalelwa kwecala kusasa–futhi ngitusa usihlalo weSenate Judiciary Committee, uSenator Arlen Specter–ukuze axoxe ngezinye zezinto eziyisisekelo mayelana nenkinga enkulu kakhulu esibhekene nayo.
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Mongameli, sekunezingxoxo eziningi ezinsukwini ezisanda kwedlula mayelana nokuvala isikhungo sokuboshwa eGuantanamo Bay. Le mpikiswano igeja iphuzu. Akuyona indaba yokuthi iziboshwa zigcinwe eGuantanamo Bay noma kwenye indawo. Umbuzo uthi kufanele sibaphathe kanjani labo ababoshiwe. Ukuthi sibaphatha ngokomthetho noma cha akuncikile ekhelini labo. Kuya ngenqubomgomo yethu njengesizwe.
Kufanele sibaphathe kanjani? Lona akuwona umbuzo omusha. Asibhali esileyitini esingenalutho. Senze izivumelwano phakathi neminyaka edlule, sithi le yindlela esizophatha ngayo ababoshiwe ngesikhathi sempi. I-United States izamukele lezi zivumelwano. Zingumthetho wezwe njenganoma yimuphi umthetho esawushaya. Balisebenzele kahle izwe lethu ezimpini ezedlule. Sizibambe njengezwe eliphucuzekile, elizimisele ukudlala ngemithetho, ngisho nangesikhathi sempi.
Ngeshwa, ngaphandle kokubonisana noKhongolose, abaphathi bakaBush bathatha isinqumo sokubeka eceleni lezi zivumelwano futhi bazenzele eyabo imithetho mayelana nokuphathwa kweziboshwa.
Eqinisweni, le Ngqungquthela yehlulekile ukubeka abaphathi icala ngokwehluleka kwabo ukulandela umthetho wezwe uma kukhulunywa ngokuhlukunyezwa nokuphathwa kabi kweziboshwa neziboshwa.
Ngiyilungu leKomidi Lezobulungiswa. Sekuphele iminyaka emibili ngicela ukulalelwa lolu daba. Ngiyajabula ukuthi uSihlalo uSpecter uzobamba ukulalelwa kwecala ngezinqubomgomo zokuboshwa ngesikhathi sempi kusasa. Ngiyambonga ngokuthatha lesi sinyathelo. Ngifisa sengathi amanye amalungu eqembu lakhe angavuma ukubamba lo mbuso uziphendulele.
Kuhle ukuzindla isikhashana mayelana nendlela esifinyelele ngayo kuleli qophelo. Abantu abaningi abafunda umlando bayakhumbula, njengoba iMpi Yezwe II iqala ngokuhlaselwa kwePearl Harbour, izwe elalinovalo ngemva kokuhlaselwa lanquma enye indlela yokuvikela iMelika kwaba ukuqoqa ndawonye amaJapane aseMelika futhi awabophe ngokoqobo, awafake emakamu okuboshwa ngenxa yokwesaba. babeyoba amambuka futhi bajikele i-United States. Sakwenza lokho. Izinkulungwane zokuphila zashintshwa. Izinkulungwane zamabhizinisi zicekeleke phansi. Izinkulungwane zabantu, izakhamuzi ezinhle zaseMelika, okungenzeka ukuthi zingabokhokho baseJapane, zaphathwa njengezigebengu ezivamile.
Kwasithatha cishe iminyaka engu-40 ukuba sivume ukuthi sasinephutha, ukuvuma ukuthi laba bantu kwakungafanele baboshwe. Kwakuyinkathi eyihlazo emlandweni waseMelika futhi abambalwa kakhulu, uma bekhona, abazama ukuvikela namuhla.
Ngikholelwa ukuthi izindlela zokuhlukumeza eziye zasetshenziswa e-Abu Ghraib naseGuantanamo nakwezinye izindawo ziwela kuleso sigaba esifanayo. Ngiyazethemba, ngizethemba ngokudabukisayo, njengoba ngimi lapha, ukuthi emashumini eminyaka kusukela manje abantu bazobheka emuva bese bethi: Bebecabangani? IMelika, lo mholi wesizwe omkhulu, onomusa, waphatha abantu ababeboshiwe futhi baboshwa, abantu ababephenywa ngemibuzo ngendlela enonya? Ngesaba ukuthi lokhu kuzoba ngelinye lamafa abuhlungu ekuhlaselweni kwe-Iraq.
Sahlaselwa ngo-September 11, 2001. Kusobala ukuthi sasisempini.
Sibambe iziboshwa kuzo zonke izingxabano esike sazibandakanya kukho. Umthetho wawucacile, kodwa abanye abeluleki bakaMengameli abakhulu babuza ukuthi kufanele siwulandele noma sibhale izindinganiso ezintsha.
U-Alberto Gonzales, owayengumeluleki omkhulu ngaleso sikhathi owayese-White House, owatuswa kuMongameli ukuthi i-Geneva Convention akufanele isebenze empini yokulwa nobuphekula.
U-Colin Powell, owayenguNobhala Wezwe ngaleso sikhathi, waphikisana kakhulu neziphetho zika-Alberto Gonzales. Ngimnika udumo. U-Colin Powell waphikisa ngokuthi singayilwa ngempumelelo impi yobushokobezi futhi siqhubeke silandela umthetho, sisahambisana neziVumelwano zase-Geneva. Kumemo eya ku-Alberto Gonzales, uNobhala u-Powell waveza Izivumelwano Ze-Geneva ngeke zinciphise ikhono lethu lokubuza ababoshiwe noma ukubamba ngisho unomphela. Uveze ukuthi ngaphansi kweGeneva Conventions, amalungu e-al-Qaida namanye amaphekula ngeke bathathwe njengeziboshwa zempi.
Kuningi ukudideka ngalokho ngakho ake ngikuphinde. I-Geneva Conventions ayinikezi isimo se-POW kumaphekula.
Encwadini yakhe eya kuGonzales, uNobhala u-Powell uqhubeke wathi ukubekela eceleni i-Geneva Conventions "kuzohlehlisa inqubomgomo nokusebenza kwe-US iminyaka eyikhulu .... futhi kubukela phansi ukuvikelwa komthetho wezempi
amasosha ethu ….. Kuzolulaza ukwesekwa komphakathi phakathi kwabalingani ababucayi, kwenze ukubambisana kwezempi kube nzima ukukusekela.”
Uma ubheka ukusakazwa okubi mayelana neGuantanamo, uNobhala uColin Powell wayeyisiprofetho.
Ngeshwa, uMongameli wenqaba iseluleko sikaNobhala u-Powell, futhi esikhundleni salokho wamukela isincomo sika-Alberto Gonzales, ekhipha imemo ebeka eceleni Izingqungquthela Zase-Geneva futhi waphetha ngokuthi sidinga "ukucabanga okusha emthethweni wezempi."
Ngemuva kokuthi uMongameli ethathe isinqumo sokungayinaki i-Geneva Conventions, abaphathi badale inqubomgomo entsha yokuboshwa. Bafuna ilungelo lokuthatha noma ngubani, okuhlanganisa izakhamizi zaseMelika imbala, noma yikuphi emhlabeni, kuhlanganise nase-United States, futhi bababambe kuze kube sekupheleni kwempi yobushokobezi, noma nini lapho kungase kube khona.
Isibonelo, baze baphikisana enkantolo ukuthi banelungelo lokuvalela unomphela isalukazi saseSwitzerland esibhalela amasheke kulokho esicabanga ukuthi siyinhlangano esiza izintandane kodwa empeleni esiyisigebengu esixhasa ubuphekula.
Bathi umuntu oboshelwe empini yobushokobezi akanawo amalungelo angokomthetho–akanalo ilungelo lommeli, akanalo ilungelo lokubona ubufakazi obuphikisana nabo, akanalo ilungelo lokuphikisa ukuboshwa kwabo. Eqinisweni, uHulumeni uthe ababoshiwe abanalo ilungelo lokuphikisa ukuboshwa kwabo, ngisho noma bethi bayahlukunyezwa noma babulawa.
Lokhu kwephula Izivumelwano Ze-Geneva, ezivikela wonke umuntu othunjwe ngesikhathi sempi.
Ukuphawula okusemthethweni ngomhlangano uthi:
Akekho osezandleni zezitha ongawela ngaphandle komthetho.
Lokho kusobala njengoba kungaba njalo. Kepha kwenqatshwa ngokusobala ngabaphathi bakaBush lapho u-Alberto Gonzales njengomeluleki weWhite House encoma okunye.
Abameli bezempi baseMelika babize lolu hlelo lokuvalelwa “ngembobo emnyama esemthethweni.” I-Red Cross iphethe ngokuthi, "Iziphathimandla zase-US zibeke iziboshwa eGuantanamo ngaphandle komthetho."
Besebenzisa inqubomgomo yabo entsha yokuboshwa, abaphathi babophe izinkulungwane zabantu ezikhungweni eziyimfihlo emhlabeni wonke, abanye babo abaziwa Amalungu OKhongolose. Nakuba iyaziwa kakhulu, iGuantanamo Bay ingenye yazo. Iningi lithunjwe e-Afghanistan nase-Iraq, kodwa abanye abantu abangakaze basiphakamisele izikhali baboshwe kude nenkundla yempi.
Obani ababoshiwe baseGuantanamo? Emuva ngo-2002, uNobhala uRumsfeld wabachaza ngokuthi “balukhuni kunabo bonke.” Kodwa-ke abaphathi sebewakhiphile amaningi, futhi manje sekucacile ukuthi okushiwo nguNobhala uRumsfeld bekungelona iqiniso ngokuphelele.
Imithombo yezempi, ngokusho kwabezindaba, ikhombisa ukuthi iziboshwa eziningi azixhumene ne-al-Qaida noma iTaliban futhi zithunyelwe eGuantanamo ngenxa yokuphikisa kwabasebenzi bezobunhloli abancome ukukhululwa kwabo. Esinye isikhulu samasosha sathi:
Siyabagxeka laba bafana ngokuboshwa isikhathi eside. Ukube bebengewona amaphekula phambilini, impela ngabe manje.
Ngonyaka odlule, ezinqumweni ezimbili eziyingqopha-mlando, iNkantolo Ephakeme yawuchitha umgomo wabaphathi wokuboshwa. INkantolo yathi izimangalo zeziboshwa zokuthi bavalelwe iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili ngaphandle kwecala futhi ngaphandle kokuthola ummeli “kuchaza ngokungangabazeki ukuboshwa okuphula uMthethosisekelo, noma imithetho noma izivumelwano zase-United States.”
INkantolo iphinde yathi isakhamuzi saseMelika esibanjwe njengempi yesitha kufanele sitshelwe isisekelo sokuboshwa kwaso futhi sibe nethuba elifanelekile lokuphikisa izimangalo zikahulumeni. UJustice Sandra Day O'Connor ubhalele iningi:
Isimo sempi akusona isheke elingenalutho kuMengameli uma kukhulunywa ngamalungelo ezakhamizi zaboHlanga.
Ubungacabanga ukuthi lokho kuzoba sobala, akunjalo? Kodwa nokho, lokhu kuphatha, kule mpi, kubukeke ngendlela ehluke kakhulu.Benginethemba lokuthi isinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme sizoshintsha inqubomgomo yokuphatha. Ngeshwa, abaphathi banqabile ukuthobela isinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme.
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Abaphathi bayavuma ukuthi ababoshiwe bangakwazi ukuphikisa ukuvalelwa kwabo enkantolo, kodwa basathi uma befika enkantolo, abanamalungelo omthetho. Ngamanye amazwi, abaphathi bakholelwa ukuthi isiboshwa singafika emnyango wenkantolo kodwa singakwazi ukungena ngaphakathi.
Inkantolo ye-Federal isivele ibambe ukuthi abaphathi behlulekile ukuhambisana nezinqumo zeNkantolo Ephakeme. Inkantolo yaphetha ngokuthi iziboshwa zinamalungelo angokomthetho, futhi izinqubomgomo zabaphathi “zincisha iziboshwa isaziso esanele sezizathu eziyiqiniso zokuboshwa kwazo futhi zibancishe ithuba elifanelekile lokuphikisa ukuboshwa kwazo.”
Abaphathi baphinde basungula inqubomgomo entsha yokuphenya evumela izindlela zokuphenya ezinonya nezingenabuntu.
Khumbula ukuthi uNobhala Wezwe uColin Powell wathini? Akuyona indaba yokulandela umthetho ngoba sathi sizoyilandela, indaba yokuthi amasosha ethu azophathwa kanjani ngomuso. Lokho kuyinto evame ukunganakwa lapha. Uma sifuna izindinganiso zokuziphatha okuphucuzekile zisetshenziswe kubantu baseMelika abathunjwe esimweni esinjengesempi, kufanele selule indlela efanayo nohlobo lokuphatha kulabo esibavalele, iziboshwa zethu.
UNobhala uRumsfeld ugunyaze inqwaba yamaqhinga okuphenywa ngemibuzo iziboshwa eGuantanamo. I-Red Cross yaphetha ngokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalezo zindlela “kwakuwuhlobo lokuhlukumeza.”
Izwe laseMelika, elikhipha umbiko wamalungelo oluntu unyaka nonyaka, lithwesa izwe ngokuziphatha okubi, liziphatha ngendlela efanayo nalezi ziboshwa.
Amanxusa amaningi e-FBI abone ukuphenywa ngemibuzo eGuantanamo Bay akhala kubaphathi bawo. Kwenye i-e-mail eye yaphumela obala, umenzeli we-FBI wakhononda ngokuthi abaphenyi babesebenzisa “izindlela zokuhlukumeza.”
Leyo nkulumo ayizange ivele entathelini noma kupolitiki. Iqhamuke kumenzeli we-FBI echaza lokho abantu baseMelika ababekwenza kulezi ziboshwa.
Ngaphandle kokufakwa okuvela kuKhongolose, abaphathi babeke eceleni izibopho zethu zesivumelwano futhi benza ngokuyimfihlo imithetho emisha yokuboshwa nokuphenywa. Bathi izinkantolo azinalo ilungelo lokubuyekeza le mithetho. Kodwa ngaphansi koMthethosisekelo wethu, kuwumsebenzi kaKhongolose ukwenza imithetho, nomsebenzi wenkantolo ukwahlulela ukuthi ihambisana nomthethosisekelo yini.
Lokhu kuphatha kufuna wonke amandla: isishayamthetho, isikhulu, kanye nejaji. Umsunguli wethu waxwayiswa ngobungozi boMkhandlu Ophethe ukwephula ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla ngesikhathi sempi. UJames Madison wabhala:
Ukuqoqwa kwawo wonke amandla, umthetho, izikhulu, kanye nezomthetho, ezandleni ezifanayo kungase kuthiwe yiyona kanye incazelo yobushiqela.
Abanye oMongameli baye benza ngokweqisa ngezikhathi zezimpi, bethi banamandla okushaya umthetho, kodwa izinkantolo zababuyisela emuva. Phakathi nempi yaseKorea, uMongameli uTruman, ebhekene nesiteleka sensimbi, wakhipha umyalo wokuba kubanjwe futhi kusetshenziswe izigayo zensimbi zeSizwe. INkantolo Ephakeme ithole ukuthi ukuthumba kwakuwukwephula okuphambene nomthethosisekelo emandleni okwenza umthetho kaKhongolose. UJustice Hugo Black, ebhalela iningi, wathi:
UMthethosisekelo awuthuli futhi awuhambisani nokuthi ubani ozoshaya imithetho okufanele isetshenziswe uMongameli ….. Abasunguli balesi sizwe baphathise uKhongolose amandla okumisa umthetho kuphela ezikhathini ezinhle nezimbi.
Ukuze sinqobe impi yobushokobezi, kufanele sihlale sithembekile ezimisweni izwe lethu elasungulwa phezu kwazo. Izinqubomgomo zokuboshwa nokuphenya zalokhu kuphatha zibeka amasosha ethu engcupheni futhi zenza kube nzima ukulwa nobuphekula.
OwayenguKhongolose uPete Peterson waseFlorida, indoda engiyibiza ngomngane omuhle futhi indoda engasebenza nayo eNdlu yabaMeli, ungumuntu ohlukile. Ungomunye wabantu abajabule kakhulu ongafuna ukuhlangana nabo. Ngeke wazi, lapho uhlangana naye, wayengumshayeli wendiza ye-Air Force eboshwe empini eVietnam futhi wachitha iminyaka engu-6 1/2 ejele laseVietnam. Nakhu akushilo ngalolu daba encwadini angithumele yona. UPete Peterson wabhala:
Kusukela eminyakeni yami engu-6 1/2 yokuthunjwa eVietnam, ngiyazi ukuthi injani impilo ejele langaphandle. Ngokwezinga elikhulu, ngibonga i-Geneva Conventions ngokusinda kwami. ….. Lesi esinye sezizathu ezenza i-United States ihole emhlabeni ekusekeleni izivumelwano ezibusa isimo nokunakekelwa kweziboshwa eziyizitha: ngoba lezi zindinganiso ziphinde zisivikele. ….. Sidinga ukucaciseleka ukuthi iMelika izoqhubeka nokubeka izinga legolide ekuphathweni kweziboshwa ngesikhathi sempi.
Izinqubomgomo zokuboshwa okuhlukumezayo nokuphenywa ngemibuzo zenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthola ukwesekwa abantu emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi labo abasezweni lamaSulumane. Impi yobushokobezi ayiwona umqhudelwano wokuduma, kodwa imizwa emelene namaMelika izala ukuzwelana nezinhlangano zamaphekula ezimelene namaMelika futhi yenza kube lula kakhulu ukuthi zibuthe amaphekula asemasha.
Ukuvota kubonisa ukuthi amaSulumane anesimo sengqondo esihle ngabantu baseMelika kanye nezindinganiso zethu. Kodwa-ke, sezizonke, izilinganiso ezivumayo ezibhekiswe e-United States noHulumeni wayo ziphansi kakhulu. Lokhu kuqhutshwa kakhulu yizimo zengqondo ezingezinhle ngezinqubomgomo zalokhu kuphatha.
AmaSulumane ayawahlonipha amagugu ethu, kodwa kufanele siwaqinisekise ukuthi izenzo zethu zibonisa lezi zimiso. Kungakho iKhomishini ka-Ð9/11 yancoma:
Kufanele sinikeze isibonelo sobuholi obunesimilo emhlabeni, obuzibophezele ukuphatha abantu ngobuntu, ukugcina umthetho, futhi sibe nesandla esivulekile futhi sinakekele omakhelwane bethu.
Kufanele senzeni? Cabanga nje ukube uMongameli wayelandele iseluleko sika-Colin Powell futhi wahlonipha izibopho zethu zesivumelwano. Ngabe izinto bezizohluka kanjani?
Besisazoba namandla okubamba iziboshwa futhi sibaphenye ngemibuzo kanzima. Amalungu e-al-Qaida angeke abe yiziboshwa zempi. Besizokwazi ukwenza konke okudingeka sikwenze ukugcina izwe lethu liphephile. Umehluko wukuthi, besingeke silimaze isithunzi sethu emphakathini wamazwe ngamazwe kule nqubo.
Uma ufunda ezinye izincazelo eziyingcaca zalokho okwenzeke lapha—ngicishe ngingabaze ukuzifaka KUREKHODI, nokho kufanele zengezwe kule mpikiswano. Ake ngikufundele okwabonwa umenzeli we-FBI. Futhi ngicaphuna embikweni wakhe:Ezikhathini ezimbalwa, ngangena emagumbini okuxoxisana ngawo ukuze ngithole isiboshwa siboshwe ngamaketanga izandla nezinyawo endaweni yombungu, singenasihlalo, ukudla namanzi. Ezikhathini eziningi babezichamela noma bazikhiphe, futhi babeshiywe lapho amahora angu-18-24 noma ngaphezulu. Ngesinye isikhathi, i-air conditioning yayinqatshiwe kuze kube manje futhi izinga lokushisa lalibanda kakhulu ekamelweni, kangangokuthi isiboshwa esasingagqoke izicathulo sasiqhaqhazela amakhaza. ….. Ngesinye isikhathi, [i-air conditioner] yayicishiwe, okwenza izinga lokushisa ekamelweni elingenawo umoya lingaphezu kwama-degree angu-100. Umboshwa ucishe waquleka phansi, kunenqwaba yezinwele eduze kwakhe. Ngokusobala wayekhiphe izinwele zakhe ubusuku bonke. Kwesinye isigameko, izinga lokushisa lalingashisi ngendlela engabekezeleleki kuphela, kodwa umculo we-rap wawudlalelwa phezulu kakhulu ekamelweni, futhi kusukela ngayizolo, isiboshwa siboshwe ngamaketanga izandla nezinyawo endaweni yombungu phansi kwamathayela.
Uma ngikufundela lokhu futhi ngingakutsheli ukuthi kwakuyi-ejenti ye-FBI echaza lokho abantu baseMelika abakwenzile eziboshweni ababezilawula, ngokuqinisekile ubungakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kufanele ukuthi kwenziwa amaNazi, amaSoviet ku-gulags yawo, noma umbuso othile wokuhlanya. -Pol Pot noma abanye - ababengenandaba nabantu. Ngokudabukisayo, akunjalo. Lesi kwakuyisenzo sabantu baseMelika ekuphatheni iziboshwa zabo.
ISIKHULU ESEMEMTHETHWENI. Isikhathi sikaSenatha sesiphelelwe yisikhathi.
UMnu DURBIN. Mnu. Mongameli, ngicela imvume ngazwi linye imizuzu emi-3 eyengeziwe.
ISIKHULU ESEMEMTHETHWENI. Ngaphandle kokuphikisa, kuyalwe kanjalo.
UMnu DURBIN. Akukephuzi kakhulu. Ngethemba ukuthi sizofunda emlandweni. Ngethemba ukuthi sizoshintsha indlela. UMongameli angamemezela ukuthi i-United States izosebenzisa i-Geneva Conventions empini yokulwa nobuphekula. Angamemezela, njengoba kufanele, ukuthi i-United States, ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, ngeke ibeke noma yimuphi isiboshwa ekuhlushweni, noma ngonya, ngonya, noma ekuphathweni ngendlela ehlazisayo. Abaphathi banganikeza zonke iziboshwa ithuba elinengqondo lokuphikisa ukuboshwa kwazo ngaphambi komenzi wezinqumo ongathathi hlangothi.
Ushintsho olunjalo luzosithuthukisa kakhulu isithombe sethu futhi lungasenza siphephe kakhudlwana. Ngiyethemba ukuthi laba abaphathi bazokhetha leso sifundo. Uma bengakwenzi, iCongress kumele ingenele.Udaba okuphikiswana ngalo emaphephandabeni namuhla lugeja iphuzu. Udaba alukho mayelana nokuvala iGuantanamo Bay. Akuwona umbuzo wekheli lalezi ziboshwa. Umbuzo ukuthi siziphatha kanjani lezi ziboshwa. Ukuvala i-Guantanamo futhi ithumele lezi ziboshwa kuyo
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izindawo ezingadalulwanga kwamanye amazwe, ezingenakufinyeleleka emphakathini, okungenakufinyelelwa kuzo noma yikuphi ukubhekwa, wukuyeka ukuzibophezela okuyisisekelo nokuyisisekelo sobulungiswa nokungenzeleli, ukuzibophezela esakwenza lapho sisayina i-Geneva Convention futhi sasho i-United States. uyakwamukela njengomthetho wezwe,
ukuzibophezela esikwenze ngokuphindaphindiwe uma kuziwa endabeni yokuhlushwa. Ukugxeka umhlaba wonke ngokusebenzisa ukuhlukumeza nokushalazela lokho esikwenzayo kule mpi akulungile, futhi akuwona umMelika.
Ngesikhathi seMpi Yombango, uMongameli uLincoln, omunye woMongameli bethu abakhulu, wamisa i-habeas corpus, okunikeza iziboshwa ilungelo lokuphikisa ukuboshwa kwazo. INkantolo Ephakeme yasukuma yamelana noMongameli yathi iziboshwa zinelungelo lokubuyekezwa kwezomthetho ngisho nangesikhathi sempi.
Ake ngifunde ukuthi iNkantolo yathi:
Umthethosisekelo wase-United States ungumthetho wababusi kanye nabantu, ngokulinganayo empini nasekuthuleni, futhi umboza ngesihlangu sokuvikelwa kwawo zonke izigaba zabantu, ngazo zonke izikhathi, nangaphansi kwazo zonke izimo. Ayikho imfundiso, ebandakanya imiphumela eyingozi kakhulu, eyake yasungulwa ngobuhlakani bomuntu kunokuba noma yiziphi izinhlinzeko zayo zingamiswa phakathi kwanoma yiziphi izimo eziphuthumayo zikahulumeni. Imfundiso enjalo iholela ngokuqondile esiphithiphithini noma ebugqilini.
Mongameli, lawo mazwi aseyiqiniso nanamuhla. UMthethosisekelo ungumthetho walokhu kuphatha, ngokulinganayo empini nangokuthula. Uma uMthethosisekelo ungamelana neMpi Yombango, lapho isizwe sakithi sihlukene phakathi ngokwaso, ngokuqinisekile siyomelana nempi yobushokobezi.
Nginikela phansi.
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