Emasontweni ambalwa edlule, ngokukhulu ukuduma kwemithombo yezindaba, iKomidi likaJames Baker-Lee Hamilton lithumele kuMongameli uGeorge W. Bush obekunesikhathi eside lilindelwe, izinhlangothi ezimbili. umbiko ngempi yase-US e-Iraq. ร Ngokulinganayo, umbiko unikeze uBush isu lokusindisa ubuso lokukhipha wonke amabutho empi ase-US ekuqaleni kuka-2008. Umbiko we-Baker-Hamilton uthanda ukwanda kwabeluleki base-US abafakwe ngaphakathi kwamasosha ase-Iraqi kanye nezingxoxo eziqondile namandla esifunda. I-Iran neSiriya.
UBush, nokho, wacishe waziqhelelanisa ngokushesha neziphakamiso ezibalulekile embikweni we-Baker-Hamilton. Manje ubukeka ekulungele ukubukisa ngokusobala ukwedelela kwakhe iningi labavoti baseMelika, abahlanza iSenethi kanye neNdlu enkulumweni yabo yamaRiphabhulikhi ngoNovemba odlule. ร Kungani uBush edelela umbono womphakathi ngokuphishekela le mpi engathandeki?
Impendulo ayikho esidingweni seMelika โsokulwa nobushokobezi bamaSulumaneโ kodwa esidingweni sezomnotho sokuthi i-United States ilawule izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nemithombo yemvelo ebalulekile, efana ne-petroleum. ร Isu likaBush lezomnotho yileli "neoliberalism" - elikhuthaza ukuhlakazwa kombuso wezenhlalakahle, ukuqedwa kwezinhlelo zezenhlalakahle ezisabalalisa kabusha zabampofu, kanye nokuqedwa kwemithetho kahulumeni ezinkampanini.
Oshicilelweni lwakamuva lwe New York Times (Disemba 5, 2006), uSolwazi Thomas B. Edsall ye-Columbia University's Graduate School of Journalism yabonisa ngobuhlakani le nqubo yokusabela kwezombusazwe ze-neoliberal ngaphakathi e-United States ngala magama: โEngxenyeni yekhulu leminyaka, ulaka lwamaRiphabhulikhi - umkhankaso wayo wokunganaki wokukhipha inetha lokuphepha komphakathi; ukweseka kwayo udlame ekugcinweni komthetho nasekuvikeleni izwe; ukumela kwayo intela ehlehliswayo, ubungozi bemvelo kanye nokwesulwa kokulawulwa kwebhizinisi; 'ukususa' kwayo ukuphishekela ingcebo - kuye kwahlulelwa abavoti abaningi njengokubalulekile esikhundleni seMelika emhlabeni, okukhiqiza inzuzo engaphezu kwezindleko."
Omunye wemiphumela yalolu hlelo lwezombangazwe nezomnotho oluphikisanayo, ngokuka-Edsall, โkwakuwumncintiswano wezikhali wabaphathi bakwaReaganโ ngeminyaka yawo-1980, โokwaholela ekutheni iSoviet Union ingabi namali.โ Umphumela wesibili, u-Edsall uthi, kwakuwukuhlasela okuyinhlekelele kwezempi kweMelika e-Iraq. โNgenkathi ebhubhisa ama-Iraqis,โ kuphawula u-Edsall, โuBush wandisa izitha zaseMelika futhi wabeka engcupheni amasosha alesi sizwe, ezempilo yezomnotho kanye nesiqu samazwe ngamazwe. Ukubeka engcupheni ngaphandle kokuyiphatha, uBush wehluleka ephindelela nangokungazisoli ukuhlola imiphumela yezenzo zakhe. โ
Okubalulekile ngokuhlaziywa kuka-Edsall ukuthi akakuchazi ukuhlasela kwe-US e-Iraq ngo-2003 kanye nokuhlala kwamasosha njengamanje โnjengephuthaโ lezepolitiki noma โiphutha lokwahlulela.โ Kunalokho, uthola isizathu salokho okubizwa ngokuthi โimpi yobushokobeziโ ngaphakathi komongo wasekhaya wase-US, ipolitiki ye-neoliberal. "Ukuhlangana kwe-Iraq akukona ukuphambuka," kuphawula u-Edsall. ร "Kusukela ezimisweni eziwumgogodla zeqembu [leRiphabhulikhi], okubonakala ngokulinganayo emphakathini wasekhaya."
Umbuzo omkhulu wezomnotho wezepolitiki, oshiywe ungakahlolwa u-Edsall kanye nabahlaziyi abaningi, ukuxhumana phakathi kwezempi yaseMelika phesheya, i-neoliberalism, kanye nezitayela emnothweni womhlaba. ร Njengosomnotho Paul Sweezy, Harry Magdoff, kanye nabanye abaphawulwe emashumini eminyaka adlule, ukuthambekela komnotho okuvamile kobunxiwankulu abavuthiwe kubheke yokujama tsi. ร Emashumini eminyaka e-United States naseNtshonalanga Yurophu, kube nokwehla okuqhubekayo ekutshalweni kwezimali emnothweni okhiqizayo, okuholela ekwehleni kwamandla ezimboni kanye nokukhula okuphansi kwesikhathi esizayo.
Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1970, izinkampani zase-US kanye nezikhungo zezezimali bezithembele kakhulu esikweletini ukuze zandise ukukhula komnotho wasekhaya. ร Ngo-1985, isamba sesikweletu sase-US - esihlanganisa isikweletu esikweletwa yiwo wonke amakhaya, ohulumeni (federal, state, and local), nawo wonke amabhizinisi ezezimali nangewona awezezimali - safinyelela kabili ubukhulu bomkhiqizo wasekhaya we-US waminyaka yonke. Ngonyaka ka-2005, isamba sesikweletu sase-US safinyelela cishe "i-GDP yezwe izikhathi ezintathu nengxenye, hhayi kude ne-GDP eyizigidi eziyizigidi ezingama-44 emhlabeni wonke," ngokusho kombiko. UFred Magdoff.
Ngenxa yalokho, izinkampani zase-US ezivuthiwe ziye ziphoqeleka ukuba zithumele imikhiqizo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe, ukuze zisizakale ngamaholo aphansi, amazinga abuthaka noma angekho nhlobo emvelo nezokuphepha, nokunye, ukuze zithole izilinganiso zenzuzo ephakeme. Namuhla cishe amaphesenti angu-18 enzuzo yonke yezinkampani zase-US avela ekutshalweni kwezimali okuqondile phesheya kwezilwandle. ร Ngokwengxenye ukuze kuvikelwe lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali okukhulayo, i-United States ilandele inqubomgomo yezangaphandle enolaka, yokungenela emhlabeni wonke. Kusukela ngo-2006, i-US yagcina izisekelo zamasosha emazweni angamashumi amahlanu nesishiyagalolunye. ร Amandla okuthumela amabutho kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomhlaba abalulekile kokubili kwezombusazwe nezomnotho.
Ngakho-ke iMpi yamanje yase-Iraq ngokuyisisekelo ayilona iphutha lezempi elibangelwa ukufuna โizikhali zokucekela phansi okukhulu,โ kodwa umzamo wama impiriyali wokuqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwezinqolobane zikawoyela ezifakazelwe yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni; UBush uphinde wahlasela i-Iraq ngoba kwakuyisinyathelo sokuqala sezempi se-neoconservatives yokuphatha kukaBush (njengoPaul Wolfwitz, manje oyinhloko yeBhange Lomhlaba) "ukwenza kabusha iMpumalanga Ephakathi" ngokubhubhisa ohulumeni base-Iraq, Iran, kanye neSiriya.
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UManning Marable unguSolwazi Wezindaba Zomphakathi, Umlando, kanye nezifundo zase-Afrika-American e-Columbia University, eNew York City. ร Ikholomu yakhe ethi "Along the Colour Line" ivela ezincwadini ezingaphezu kuka-400 emhlabeni jikelele futhi itholakala ku www.manningmarable.net.ร Lesi sihloko sanyatheliswa ku UJackson Progressive, futhi iphinde ishicilelwe lapha ngemvume enomusa yombhali, ogcina wonke amalungelo.
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