Abasebenzi bezimoto bazovotela ukuthi bayayisungula yini inyunyana efekthri yakwaVolkswagen e-Chattanooga, eTennessee, okuwukuphela kwemboni yenkampani emhlabeni ngaphandle kwenyunyana.
NgoMsombuluko, i-United Auto Workers (UAW) ifake isicelo sokuthi kube nokhetho lokumela bonke abasebenzi abangu-4,300 XNUMX basebenza ngehora kulesi sikhungo, ngemuva kokuthi inyunyana ithe “iningi” labasebenzi lisayine amakhadi enyunyana ezinsukwini eziyikhulu. Ngokungafani kokugcina ezintathu zehlulekile ishayela kulesi sitshalo, kulokhu, i-UAW ine obala ikhiphe isu layo lokusekela ukuhlela okuholwa ngabasebenzi kuwo wonke umkhakha wemishini yezimoto namabhethri ezinkampanini ezifana neToyota, Rivian, Hyundai, Mercedes, neVolkswagen.
Isu ukuthi abasebenzi bamemezele izinhlelo zabo zokuhlela uma sebefinyelele kumaphesenti angama-30 emakhadini asayiniwe ezinyunyana, babe nemibuthano nomphakathi kanye nabalandeli babasebenzi ngamaphesenti angama-50, futhi bafune ukuqashelwa ngokuzithandela lapho befinyelela kumaphesenti angama-70, sebekhulise ikomidi labo lokuhlela. ukufaka phakathi abasebenzi abavela kuzo zonke izinguquko kanye nezigaba zomsebenzi. Uma inkampani yenqaba, abasebenzi bafaka ukhetho kwiBhodi Likazwelonke Lezobudlelwano Kwabasebenzi.
IVolkswagen iyisikhungo sokuqala esingeyona ingxenye yenhlangano ukusula leso sigameko. Abasebenzi abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyishumi ezinkampanini zezimoto ezingezona eziyishumi nantathu kanye nezikhungo eziyishumi nambili ezweni lonke basayine amakhadi enyunyana kusukela ngoNovemba odlule, lapho i-UAW kumemezela umgomo wokufisa ukuhlela izinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi amahlanu abasebenzi bezimoto.
Lokho cishe yinani elifanayo lezisebenzi ezifakwe ngaphansi kwezinkontileka zeBig 3 kwaFord, kwaGeneral Motors, naseStellantis. Inyunyana ihehe inhlangano yabasebenzi ngekwindla edlule ngesiteleka se-Big 3 esazuza amalungu enkontileka eyingqophamlando.
I-UAW ibikubheka ngokuqiniseka ukuthi amaphesenti angama-70 abasebenzi basembonini yaseChattanooga bawasayinile ngempela amakhadi enyunyana. Kodwa iqhinga lenyunyana likhomba ukuthi abasebenzi sebezakhele amandla nomfutho owanele ukuthi bangenele ukhetho.
Kungani Ngivota Yebo
Phakathi ku ividiyo entsha ekhishwe yinyunyana, abasebenzi bakwaVolkswagen bayachaza ukuthi kungani bevotela yebo: ukwenza ngcono izimo zokusebenza, ukuthola ukumelwa emihlanganweni yabaphathi, ukulungisa imishini ephukile, kanye nokuwina ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okwanele kanye nenqubomgomo engcono yekhefu lomuntu siqu.
“Asinakho okuningi mayelana nekhefu elikhokhelwayo,” kusho u-Isaac Meadows, ilungu leqembu labadidiyeli emhlanganweni, wangitshela. “Imali iza endaweni yesibili kuzo zonke izingxoxo zethu.”
Abasebenzi bakwaVolkswagen abanaso isikhathi sokugula, futhi ukuvalwa kwezitshalo minyaka yonke kudla ibhange labo lesikhashana. I-Meadows inamahora angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesithupha ekhefu elikhokhelwayo. "Uma sivala ukuvalwa kwethu okuhleliwe ebusika nasehlobo, inkampani ithatha ingxenye enkulu yakho," esho. “Futhi uma sibuyela emsebenzini, kudingeka sisebenze iMigqibelo eminingi.”
Izisebenzi zifuna ukuhoxisa izimpelasonto zazo, noma okungenani zithole isaziso esengeziwe uma zihlelelwe ukusebenza ngempelasonto ngaphezu kwesikhathi sokuhola nesigamu. Okwamanje bayaziswa ngomsebenzi wangezimpelaviki ngoLwesine futhi bahola isikhathi nesigamu kuphela uma besebenze amahora angaphezu kwamashumi amane phakathi nesonto.
UZach Costello, ongumqeqeshi kulesi sikhungo, uthe umkhankaso wokugcina wezinyunyana ngo-2019, inyunyana. ilahleke kancane ngamavoti angamashumi amahlanu nesikhombisa, ehlulwe ukuphikiswa kwezombusazwe kanye nezinkampani, wonakaliswa ngoba i-UAW yayidinga ukuhlanza indlu.
Ngaleso sikhathi, uphenyo loMnyango wezoBulungiswa luveze inkohlakalo osekunesikhathi eside ikhona kule nyunyana, okuhlanganisa ukukhwabaniswa kwezimali, ukugebenga, nokusebenzisana nabaqashi. Izikhulu zenyunyana ezingu-13 zibhadle ejele, okuhlanganisa nowayengomongameli ababili, ngemuva kokuwavuma amacala okukhwabanisa kanye nokukhwabanisa.
“Uma ungaboni ukuthi kukhona okuhle okuvela ezinyunyaneni uvele ucabange ukuthi azinayo inhloso ngoba kubukeka kuyisinyathelo esengeziwe ongasidingi,” usho kanje.
Njengoba sekuphethe abashisekeli bezinguquko, i-UAW ayisenaso isigqoko senyunyana egcwele inkohlakalo nokuyekethisa, njengoba abaholi abangenzi lutho ephaketheni labaphathi balungisa inkontileka eyodwa ngemva kwenye.
Emuva ngo-2019, engisebenza nabo “abakwazanga ukukhomba isikhathi ekuphileni kwabo lapho babebukele khona izindaba base bebona, ‘O, Nkulunkulu wami, bheka abakwenzile,” kusho uCostello ebhekise ekuzuzeni i-Big 3 stand- isiteleka phezulu. “Kuyamangalisa lokho. Singakwenza lokho.”
Ukwephula Izinqaba Eziphikisana Nenyunyana
I-UAW ibhekane nokuhlulwa kaningi kwaVolkswagen nakwamanye abakhiqizi bezimoto. Kodwa ngenkathi izinkampani ziphumelela ukuqondisa abasebenzi bazo ekwakheni inyunyana, ukuhlulwa akuzange kuphelele. Kwasala umnyombo wabagqugquzeli bendawo yokusebenza, iqembu elenqaba ukwamukela amandla anonya phezu kwabo. Lapho i-Big 3 autoworkers iphumelela kakhulu izinkampani zezimoto esitelekeni sazo sangonyaka odlule futhi zizuza izinkontileka eziyingqopha-mlando, zazilungele ukusukuma zivuselele umkhankaso wazo wokuhlela.
U-Yolanda Peoples, isisebenzi sezimoto sesizukulwane sesithathu entanjeni yokuhlanganisa injini, ungomunye walabo baholi bezisebenzi abaqashwa ngo-2011, ngesikhathi kuvulwa le mboni, eheha izicelo eziyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalombili nanhlanu zemisebenzi eyizinkulungwane ezimbili. Abantu bathi ikomidi elihlelayo lifinyelele kumaphesenti angama-50 ngokushesha kakhulu kunasezindaweni ezidlule ngenxa yokusebenzisa amakhadi e-elekthronikhi. Yize womathathu amashifu ephethwe yikomidi elihlelayo, nawo azwakalisa ukuweseka umkhankaso wezinyunyana.
Emikhankasweni yangaphambilini, "abantu abebefuna i-UAW, bekufana nokuthi siyingxenye yenhlangano eyimfihlo," kukhunjulwe. “Kwakumele sithule impela ngakho ngoba sasingafuni ukungena enkingeni no-HR ngoba sasisho igama elithi 'inyunyana.' Ngakho-ke kwakunzima kakhulu ngathi ukutshela esisebenza nabo.” Njengoba sebephinde bangena enkundleni yokuhlela, abaholi abangabasebenzi bafundile kulokhu kuhlulwa okwedlule.
Abasebenzi Abahlukahlukene
Kodwa indawo yomzabalazo ngaphakathi kwesitshalo nayo ishintshile ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Lolo shintsho luhlanganisa izizinda yabasebenzi besikhungo kanye nekomidi elihlelayo elimele kabanzi.
Ngo-2014, abasebenzi abayisishiyagalolunye kwabayishumi kulesi sikhungo babemhlophe futhi iningi labo kungamadoda. Inani labantu baseChattanooga liyi-184,000, ngamaphesenti angama-59 abahlali abamhlophe namaphesenti angama-29 abamnyama, ngokusho kombiko. zakamuva izilinganiso zokubalwa kwabantu. Izinja ezicwasa ngokwebala zazisebenza kahle ekwehlukaniseni abasebenzi. Iqembu langaphambili le-Americans for Tax Reform laqasha amabhodi ezikhangiso e-Chattanooga anomyalezo othi: “UNITED AUTO OBAMA WORKERS.”
Lelo qhinga lokuhlukanisa nokunqoba alisebenzi manje, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamalungu angaphambili enyunyana. UMeadows wayeyisisebenzi sezinyunyana eReno, Nevada. Ephuma ezindlini zomfelandawonye uthe okube yisithiyo esikhulu kulo mkhankaso wukunqoba ukungabaza okujulile kwabaseMzansi kanye nobutha ezinyunyana ikakhulukazi kubasebenzi abasebancane abafunda ukungahambisani nezinyunyana kumalungu emindeni. I-UAW ibikade ikhona iziphambano kosopolitiki bezwe beRiphabhulikhi kanye nabameleli bangaphandle abavela eWashington, DC.
Kepha uMeadows uthe phakathi kwabasebenzi asebenza nabo baseNigeria, Vietnamese, Colombian, kanye ne-Ukraine, kunemibono ehlukene ngezinyunyana. “Ngicabanga ukuthi ngenxa yokwehluka kwethu okukhulu, kuxazulule lowo mcabango wezepolitiki waseNingizimu. Ngakho-ke kwenza ingxoxo ibe lula.”
UMeadows uthe iVolkswagen izishaya isifuba ngokuba yinkampani ethuthukayo emhlabeni. Lokho kube nomthelela othile kubasebenzi bayo, muva nje ukugubha iminikelo yabantu base-Afrika baseMelika phakathi neNyanga Yomlando Wabansundu. Umbuzo uwukuthi, uma kungenzeka izisebenzi ziphumelele okhethweni lwazo, inkampani izohumusha lawo magugu aphakeme athuthukayo ekuxoxisaneni nenkontileka yokuqaphela iminikelo yeMeadows, Peoples, Costello, nezinkulungwane zabazakwabo ekuyenzeni inkampani ephumelelayo.
"Siyaziqhenya ngomsebenzi esiwenzayo," kusho uVictor Vaughn, isisebenzi somhlangano kulayini wezokuthutha ngenyanga edlule. "Sifuna ukuqashelwa ngesikwenzayo, singaxhashazwa."
Namuhla, esitatimendeni sabezindaba senyunyana, uthe: “Sivotela inyunyana yethu yebo ngoba sifuna ukuthi iVolkswagen iphumelele. Kodwa uthi impumelelo akufanele ize ngezindleko zokulimala emzimbeni.
“Ngolunye usuku nje, ngicishe ngashayiswa amakhreyithi angu-400-plus-pound ngesikhathi ngihamba ngemoto ngihambisa izingxenye,” kusho uVaughn. “Leso sigameko bekumele silandelwe lingakapheli ihora, kodwa noma sengiqedile akekho owangibuza ngaso. AbakwaVolkswagen babambisene nabasebenzi abahlangene emhlabeni wonke ukwenza izitshalo zabo ziphephe futhi ziphumelele. Yingakho sivotela izwi kwaVolkswagen lapha eChattanooga.”
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