Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimaphi amathemba namaqili, umMelika osele uye (ngokubikezela, ngokombono wami) ukhishwe inyumbazana—empeleni, wanedemoni—ngeminyaka ka-Obama. Kunezincazelo eziphusile mayelana nesikhathi sonxiwankulu, abezindaba, kanye nemvelo yokubhuqa yenkohliso ka-Obama uqobo. Noma kunjalo, kwelinye izinga eliyisisekelo ngeke kube buhlungu ngabashisekeli abazimisele ukubheka esibukweni futhi bakhulume ngokuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo ye-leftist enolwazi kanye namagama asebenzisa umqondo ofanayo ngokomlando, imibono, izimiso, izitha, neziphakamiso. Noma ngabe iziphi ifa lefilosofi ehlukahlukene neyomhlaba wonke yezinhlangano ezithandwayo zobulungiswa bezenhlalo, singafisa enkulumweni eqondene nesokunxele saseMelika, ekhombisa umlando wayo oyingqayizivele nezinsizi maqondana nezwe elinonxiwankulu elinonya kakhulu kanye nezempi emlandweni, eligqugquzelwa ukungahlelekile. kanye nabasebenzi abacwasa ngokwebala, kanye nabesigaba sabaphathi abangochwepheshe.
Kodwa ukusetshenziswa okuvamile, okugcwele, ukunganaki, nokungenangqondo kwelebula "okuqhubekayo" ukuchaza labo abathi bangakwesobunxele se-Obama Administration kanye neDemocratic Party akubambi iqhaza nhlobo emzamweni onjalo, futhi esikhundleni salokho bekunesikhathi esidlule. iminyaka emibili nangaphezulu kwakha inkulumo eshelelayo, egwemayo, engahloniphi, ezenzela umathanda, kanye ne-faux-leftist inkulumo esebenza ukugwema izindaba ezibalulekile zomzabalazo wezigaba, impi, kanye nokungalungi kwepolitiki yamaqembu amabili.
Ukwehluleka "kwenqubekela-phambili," njengoba kunjalo njengamanje, ngokwengxenye kukhombisa ukudideka ngomlando weNkathi Ethuthukile, ukungazi lutho komlando mayelana naleyo nkathi, kanye nezimiso zokubeka umnyakazo wamanje maqondana nohlu lozalo olubi kakhulu lwemibono. . Kuyamangaza ukuthi labo manje abathi bamele kwesokunxele babonakala bengakwazi noma abazimisele ukucabangela ukuthi inkulumo ethi "inqubekelaphambili" ivame ukuqashwa ama-elitist ideologues ukuze kukhuthazwe "ukubhujiswa kokudala" konxiwankulu kanye nokusungulwa kwezobuchwepheshe (uhulumeni- uxhaso noma ngenye indlela) esikhundleni sobulungiswa benhlalo, ngokusobala inzuzo yesikhathi eside yezinkampani kanye nesigaba sobunikazi, futhi kube nomthelela omubi kanye nokuhlukunyezwa okuqhubekayo kwezigaba zabasebenzi.
I-Progressive Era (1890-1920) yayihlanganisa ukuphatha kukaTheodore Roosevelt noWoodrow Wilson. Ngaleso sikhathi, amandla okulawula ahlanganiswa ezingeni likahulumeni, ikakhulukazi ukuze kuzuze amandla enkampani, ukuzinza, kanye nokuqoqwa komcebo. Ngakho-ke isazi-mlando sokubuyekezwa kwawo-1960 uJames Weinstein sachaza inkathi “yenkululeko yebhizinisi.” Imibono evelele yalesi sikhathi yachazwa abasunguli be The New Republic, kuhlanganise noHerbert Croly noWalter Lippmann; babengamathiyori ezenhlalo, ama-elitist, kanye nochwepheshe abachaza “inqubekelaphambili” ngokwemibandela yokuphatha, yokuphatha, nehlelekile, hhayi ngokomzabalazo womphakathi nobulungiswa bezenhlalo. Basabela ngezindlela ezithile eminyanyeni yangempela ethandwayo, kodwa futhi babebesaba futhi bezenyanya; umphumela wawuvame kakhulu ukuthokomala kanye nokubambisana kokunyakaza okunjalo, kuhlanganise nokunyakaza kwabasebenzi. Ukuhlaziywa kuka-Weinstein kwakuhambisana nomsebenzi wokubukezwa kwesigaba sikaGabriel Kolko nabanye abaningi; UKolko uchaze umphumela we-Progressive Era njengokunqoba “konxiwankulu bezombangazwe.”
I-Progressive Era ibonise Iqembu Elithuthukayo elaqokwa ngokuhlanganyela yiqembu lika-Theodore Roosevelt elithi “Bull Moose” okhethweni oluyinkimbinkimbi lwango-1912. U-Robert La Follette waseWisconsin, owaphakanyiswa u-Roosevelt, kamuva wangenela umkhankaso wokuba umongameli ongowabantu abaningi nowabanxele ngo-1924. , futhi ngaphansi kwesibhengezo se-Progressive Party; ukuhlulwa kwakhe okugqamile nakho kwakhombisa ukushabalala kwalelo qembu ezingeni likazwelonke. Ijenali ayisungula ngo-1909, I-Progressive, sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu ikhuthaza imibono, okuhlanganisa naleyo ka-Howard Zinn, engahlobene kancane “nenqubekelaphambili” yeNkathi Eqhubekayo, ehlanganisa nokungena kukaWilson eMpini Yezwe I.
Labo njengamanje abazichaza njengabathuthukayo, noma labo abasebenzisa leli gama ngokujwayelekile ekuchazeni kwabo umehluko wemibono phakathi kuka-Obama “nesisekelo” sakhe, babonisa ukuqonda okuncane ngalezi zinkinga zomlando waseMelika kwesokunxele, futhi ngaleyo ndlela baba ngaphansi kwezingibe ezifanayo.
Ngakho-ke igama elithi "inqubekela phambili" njengamanje liyisimeli sombono "osinganangqondo", igama elingacacile nelithumelayo lencazelo kanye nokwenza lula—elifaneleka ngendlela exakayo eNkathini ka-Obama. Igwema i-ideology ye-socialist for programmatic instrumentalism, noma ngabe izinhlelo zabo (inketho ye-pubic, njll.) zingakaze zibe yinhlansi esweni lika-Obama. Kule minyaka emibili edlule, i-progressivism ibihlanganisa i-ajenda yezinhlelo eziyize ngaphandle kwenhlangano noma inhlangano, futhi ngokuqinisekile ngaphandle kwezimiso ezingaguquki, ikakhulukazi maqondana nezimpi zethu.
Ngenxa yalokho, inqubekela-phambili yamanje ichazwa ngokwandayo ngalokho elikushoyo—ngokusobala noma ngokusobala—akufanele kube. Kubonisa ukungaguquguquki ekuhlulekeni kwaso ukusho ngokucacile kanye nokukhuluma ngomzabalazo nezimpi zezigaba, ukungahlali kwabantu enkambisweni yabo yezobuchwepheshe, inguquko ye-elitist, kanye nokungahambisani nempi ekuzimiseleni kwayo ukubeka izigigaba zethu zombuso phezu komlilo ovuthayo. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, abanenqubekela phambili abasele ekwesekeni kwabo abangenele ukhetho lweDemocratic Party. Okusho ukuthi, abathuthukayo—njengabandulele emlandweni omubi kakhulu—abazimisele ngentando yeningi, futhi bayadelela abantu.
Abaqhubekela phambili abangashiyi nokho bazama ukunxenxa labo “maqili” ababona ukuthi bakude kwesokunxele sabo, ngokuya nge-pragmatism yezinhlangothi ezimbili kanye nobubi obuncane. "U-Obama omuhle" kusacatshangwa ukuthi unethambo elingase "inqubekela phambili" (okungukuthi, i-liberal reformist) emzimbeni wakhe, futhi iDemocratic Party kuthiwa iphikisana nalabo okucatshangwa ukuthi babi kakhulu kunabambiswano kanye namasosha: Ama-Tea Partiers anobandlululo. , abashisekeli benkolo, nabagxeki abangenangqondo “bohulumeni omkhulu.” Kubonakala sengathi akukho ukuqaphela “okuhlekisayo” okungokomlando kokuthi uWilliam Jennings Bryan owayenesimiso (kanye nosaziwayo) wesula esikhundleni njengoNobhala Wezwe ngesikhathi i-U.S. ingena eMpini Yomhlaba I, futhi kamuva wamelela “abadali” bezenkolo e-Tennessee.
Lapho abathuthukayo beqeda ukuzichaza ngokwalokho abangeyikho, kuhlala kusobala ukuthi bayini: izidalwa zenhlangano, uhlelo lwezinhlangano ezimbili. Okubi kakhulu, abathuthukayo baphendukela ekuchazeni “ukwehluleka” kokuphatha kuka-Obama kwenkampani ngamagama anjengokuthi “ubuthakathaka,” “ubuwula,” “ubugwala,” kanye “nokukhaphela.” Bathi, ngokungazenzisi, u-Obama uyisihambi kubo. Kuleli qophelo i-progressivism iba, uma kungekho okunye, umbono wentukuthelo ebaliwe kanye nokucasulwa kokwesaba. Imvamisa yala magama kanye nalawa maqhinga anyuke kakhulu phakathi namasonto okugcina omkhankaso wokhetho lwamanje; iDemocratic Party isazoba yiqembu elikhulu, kodwa inqubekela phambili izoxazululwa ngomusa.
Umnyakazo oqhubekayo, njengoba unjalo, ukhombisa ngokwandayo i-Tea Party, njengoba injalo, ekuzichazeni ngokwalokho ephikisana nakho, nalokho ekwesabayo. Kodwa okuthakazelisayo, i-Tea Party ibonakala ikhombisa ngokweqiniso ukwenqatshwa (okwesatshwa ngokufanelekile) uhlelo lwezinkampani ezimbili, kuyilapho abathuthukayo bezwakala njengoThomas Friedman emizamweni yabo yokuphoxeka kanye nokugxekayo yokusindisa iCongress ku-Republican Party; babuyela ku-elitism, uma empeleni kungabizwa ukuguqulwa.
Uma labo njengamanje abazibiza ngama-progressive futhi bethatha leli gama ngokungathi sína benolunye uhlaka abangangisiza ngalo ukuze ngiqonde ukuziphatha kwabo, ngizokucubungula ngenjabulo nangokujulile.
Ngaphandle kokuthi, lapho ukuxoxisana okuzayo sekuqediwe futhi izidumbu zingcwatshwa, kufanele kwethenjwa ukuthi esinye sazo kuzoba yilesi simiso sokuthembela egameni elimane lembule ukuthi kuleli zwe, abaningi balabo abathi bakha kwesokunxele nokho. ukuntula ukucaca noma isibindi sezinkolelo zabo, futhi ngenxa yalokho bayehluleka ukwenza okuthile kuzo ngendlela engathi sína.
UDavid Green ([i-imeyili ivikelwe]) uhlala e-Champaign, IL.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa kuphela ngokuphana kwabafundi bayo.
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