Nabani na oye wabukela umyalezo e-Iraq eGeorge W. Bush's State of the Union idilesi kwiNkongolo yase-US ngoFebruwari 3 kufuneka aqiniseke ukuba amalungu eziNdlu zombini, ukuqala ngoDick Cheney ngokwakhe, ngokuqinisekileyo benza umgudu womzimba ofunekayo ukugcina impilo yabo yenhliziyo. Isingqi esibambeneyo sokuma kwe-ovations silingana ngokwenene neyona aerobics inamandla. Ngokubhekiselele ekufuneni iwonga leOscar, yayilukusilela ngokupheleleyo, ababhali beencwadi zolawulo lukaBush babengcono kumaqonga eesepha kunemiboniso bhanyabhanya esemgangathweni, kwaye uBush ngokwakhe engumdlali weqonga olusizi, nangomgangatho okulula ukuhambelana noRonald Reagan.
Uhanahaniso lwaluphezulu kakhulu: njengoko kwakuqikelelwe kwaye kwaxelwa kwangaphambili, uGeorge W. Bush wazama ukubonisa unyulo lwase-Iraq njengomsebenzi omkhulu wedemokhrasi apho ulawulo lwakhe lunokuthi lufake i-credit card. Kwizikrini zikamabonwakude, uluntu lwalunokubona umfazi wase-Iraq emi phambi kwamagumbi amabini eCongress kwaye ephakamisa umnwe wakhe omfusa - umnwe kwimeko yakhe, ngelixa abantu baseIraq babeyiphakamisile iminwe yabo ephakathi kubahlali babo, ukuboleka uNahomi. Iqhula likaKlein kwisiqwenga sakhe esibalaseleyo ('Ukufumana uMnwe oMfusa,' Wesizwe, Februwari 10, 2005).
Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezizayo, amajelo eendaba ase-US ngokwawo awakwazanga ukufihla into yokuba i-US ngokwenene yoyisiwe ngonyulo. Olu lonyulo aluzange lunyanzeliswe kuphela kubahlali ngoxinzelelo lwesitrato esikhulu sabantu base-Iraqi, emva kweenyanga ezininzi zongquzulwano olushushu phakathi kwe-US Proconsul uPaul Bremer kunye noShia Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani; kodwa lo mva wakwazi ukuphazamisa zonke iinzame ze-Washington's Proconsul John Negroponte ukwenza isileyiti esisodwa sabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kwi-post-invasion eqeshwe yi-US 'amaBhunga aLawulayo e-Iraqi.'
Iistooges zaseWashington neLondon zaliwe, kwaye u-Iyad Allawi, kunye no-al-Yawar, uPachachi, njl., babengenandlela yimbi ngaphandle kokwenza amaphulo ngokwabo, ngelixa i-Ayatollah ixhasa i-United Iraqi Alliance (UIA, ihlelo layo eliqhelekileyo elisetyenziswa IsiNgesi) zinobuhlobo eIran, kubandakanywa amabutho aphambili eShia Islamic fundamentalist kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zamanye amaqela angamaShia kunye nalawo angengawo amaShia.
Ngaphandle kokungenelela okunzima kwe-US kwiphulo lonyulo, kunye nenkxaso enamandla yemali kunye nezopolitiko eWashington neLondon, i-stooge yabo u-Allawi woyiswa kakhulu, efumana ngaphantsi kwe-14% yeevoti - kwaye oku ngaphandle kokungathabathi nxaxheba ekuvoteni. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yabemi baseIraqi, uninzi lwabo bachasa kakhulu yonke into ayimeleyo.
Ukuhlanganisana kwabantu abaninzi okumangalisayo kunye nokuchukumisayo phakathi kwamaShia kunye namaKurds awona maphondo akhuselekileyo elizwe (ku, jonga isihlomelo esingezantsi) kukhokelele kwimpumelelo enkulu ye-UIA nge-48% yevoti iyonke elandelwa yi-Kurdish Alliance ene-26% , Uluhlu luka-Allawi luza kwisithathu esikude kunye neevoti ezingaphezulu kwesiqingatha se-slate ye-Kurdish. (Inzwana esasazeka ngokukhawuleza ithi i-US ifumene umlinganiselo weevoti ezifunyenwe yi-UIA edakumbile ukusuka kwi-60% ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-50% ukuze ibathintele ekuthatheni isigqibo ngekamva lelizwe.)
Washington ithemba elingento yokuba isileyiti Allawi kaThixo, kunye neminye imikhosi pro-occupation, unokufumana inani lezihlalo ezibavumela ukuba baqhubele phambili ulawulo lwepopathi ngenkxaso yamalungu angamaKurd eNdibano ekhethiweyo yaphulwa. Nangona i-UIA ingayaleli izihlalo ezibini kwisithathu zezihlalo ezifunekayo kwizigqibo eziphambili - oku ngokoMthetho woLawulo lweTransitional owenziwe yiBremer, okhuphiswa yi-UIA kwaye noAyatollah al-Sistani uye wavala xa iWashington yayizama ukuyibhala kwi-UIA. Isisombululo se-UN sibiza unyulo - yintsika enkulu yeNdibano entsha, enezihlalo ezingaphezu kwesiqingatha.
IWashington ime ngoku inethemba lokuba iya kukwazi ukwaphula umfelandawonye wamaShia, ngokusebenzisa i-stooge Allawi, ngokubhenela kulo lonke uhlobo lweendlela ezimdaka ukusuka kwizisongelo ukuya kwisinyobo. Ukuvavanywa kwamandla phakathi kwe-al-Sistani kunye nabahlali kusekude nokuphela. Nokuba yeyiphi na into eyenzekayo kwikamva elingekude kulo mdlalo weqonga waseIraq, ozele luqhushululu de thรฉรยขtre kunye ne-backstage maneuvering, imiba emibini kufuneka icace gca.
ISIMO SENGQONDO SESASHINGTON EKUKHISHWENI KWEMIBUTHO YAYO
Kwakucace gca kubo bonke abakhi-mkhanyo ukuba uninzi lwabavoti bama-Arabhu - kwaye ke uninzi lwabantu base-Iraqi, bethathela ingqalelo imeko egqubayo kwabo bangazange bavote - babechasene nomsebenzi. Ngokwenyani, ayizange ibaleke ingqalelo yababukeli into yokuba uninzi lwabavoti bama-Arabhu bathathe ivoti yabo njengendlela yezopolitiko yokususa lo msebenzi. Lo moya wawunyanzelisa kangangokuba phantse zonke izileyiti zaseArabia zaseIraq zibandakanya ukurhoxiswa kwemikhosi yangaphandle njengeyona nto iphambili kwinkqubo yabo. Noluhlu luka-Allawi lwenze njalo! (Iibhena zabo zichazwe ngesiArabhu: Votela isileyiti sika-Allawi ukuba ufuna i-Iraq eyomeleleyo engenamajoni angaphandle.)
Inkqubo yonyulo ye-UIA ibize ngokucace kakhulu uthethathethwano nemibutho yabasebenzi ukuze kumiselwe ithayimthebhile yokurhoxa kwabo. Kwale mfuno inye iye yaba yeyona nto ifunekayo kwimikhosi yezopolitiko ebambelele ngokuqinileyo ekuchaseni umsebenzi: uMbutho wamaSunni weeMfundi zamaSilamsi (okanye iBhunga le-Ulema yamaSilamsi) kunye neMoqtada al-Sadr's Current. Aba babini bangena kumanyano olungekho sikweni ukuze bacinezele esi sinyanzelo kwisininzi seNdibano eyonyuliweyo.
Kukwale mfuno inye kwakhona awathi uGeorge W. Bush wakhankanya ngokucacileyo xa wayebhengeza kwidilesi yakhe yeSimo seManyano:
'Asiyi kumisela ithayimthebhile yokushiya i-Iraq, kuba oko kuya kubaqinisa abanqolobi kwaye bakholelwe ukuba banokusilinda. Sise-Iraq ukuze sifezekise isiphumo: Ilizwe elinedemokhrasi, elimele bonke abantu balo, elinoxolo nabamelwane balo kwaye likwazi ukuzikhusela. Kwaye xa eso siphumo siphunyeziwe, amadoda nabafazi bethu abakhonza e-Iraq baya kubuyela ekhaya nembeko abayizuzileyo.'
Ukhetho lwamagama lwaluchanekile kwaye lunentsingiselo: 'Asiyi kumisela ithayimthebhile eyenziweyo' ithetha ukuba akukho thayimthebhile konke konke, kuba nayiphi na ithayimthebhile inokuba 'yeyokwenziwa kuphela,' ngelixa ixesha elibekiweyo 'lendalo' athe uBush wakhankanya kulo - 'Singaphakathi. I-Iraq izakufezekisa isiphumoโฆ Kwaye xa eso siphumo siphunyeziweโฆ' โ kufana nokuthi iWashington iya kwenza isigqibo ngokuzimeleyo ukuba iya kuyirhoxisa nini na imikhosi yayo. 'Isiphumo' ekufuneka siphunyelelwe sibonisa ukuba iNdibano entsha kunye norhulumente wexesha elizayo wase-Iraq 'ayikameli bonke abantu bayo.'
I-Iraq 'yedemokhrasi' ithetha, kuBush, ilizwe elingalawulwa ngurhulumente ofana neIran odibanisa ubufundamentali bamaSilamsi, umlinganiselo wepalamente kunye nobutshaba kulawulo lwase-US (nangona iWashington yonwabile ngokugqibeleleyo yindibaniselwano yaseSaudi yokusebenzela i-US. kunye nobufundamentali obugqithisileyo - ngokuqinisekileyo olona lawulo lungenademokhrasi kunye noluchasene nabasetyhini emhlabeni). I-Iraq 'eseluxolweni nabamelwane bayo' inokuthetha kuphela, emlonyeni kaBush, urhulumente wase-Iraq oseluxolweni noSirayeli, kunye nezikumkani zaseJordani kunye neSaudi, kunye nabamelwane base-Iranian naseSiriya 'baxolile' ngokomgangatho weWashington. Ekugqibeleni, i-Iraq 'ekwazi ukuzikhusela' ithetha ukuba iWashington ayiyi kuhoxisa (inxalenye) kwilizwe ngaphambi kokuba iqinisekiswe ukuba iphantsi kolawulo lwemikhosi exhobileyo exhomekeke kakhulu kwiWashington njengoko i-Saudi kunye neJordani isebenzisana nabo.
Eli candelo lentetho kaBush yeSimo seManyano, noxinzelelo lwalo 'kwisiphumo' ngokuchasene 'nethayimthebhile,' lalivakalisa ngokucacileyo isilumkiso esasiqulunqwe esidlangalaleni kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo ngamagqala amabini aphezulu okusekwa komgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle weRiphabhlikhi, uHenry Kissinger kunye no. UGeorge Shultz. Babepapashe kunye inqaku kwi Washington Post nge-25 kaJanuwari, ngobusuku bangaphambi konyulo lwase-Iraqi - isihloko salo sasisithi: 'Iziphumo, hayi iithayimthebhile, uMba eIraq'!
Kuyafaneleka ukucaphula ixesha elide ngenxa yokubonakalisa okucacileyo kwengqwalasela yokwenyani ekhokela iWashington:
'Eyona nto ifunekayo kwisicwangciso esamkelekileyo sokuphuma sisiphumo esizinzileyo, hayi ixesha elimiselweyo. Kuba isiphumo e-Iraq siya kubumba ishumi leminyaka elizayo lomgaqo-nkqubo wamazwe angaphandle waseMelika. Isiphithiphithi singazisa uthotho lokuxhuzula kummandla njengoko ii-radicals kunye nama-bandamentalists eshukuma ukuba alawule, umoya ubonakala ngathi usemva kwabo. Naphi na apho kukho inani elikhulu lamaSilamsi, izinto eziguqukayo ziya kuqiniswa. Njengoko lonke ihlabathi linxulumene nale nyani, ingqiqo yayo yolwalathiso iya kuphazamiseka ngokubonakaliswa kokudideka kweMelika e-Iraq.
'Ukuba inkqubo yedemokhrasi kukumanyanisa i-Iraq ngoxolo, okuninzi kuxhomekeke kwindlela uninzi lwamaShiite luchaza ngayo ulawulo lwesininzi. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku iinkokeli zamaShiite ezinobuqhetseba, eziqaqadekileyo ngenxa yokusinda kumashumi eminyaka kwingcinezelo kaSaddam Hussein, bebengaqinisekanga ngeenjongo zabo. Baye bagxininisa kunyulo lwangaphambili - ngokwenene, umhla we-30 kaJan wasekwa ngesiseko se-ultimatum esondeleyo yinkokeli yeShiite ebalaseleyo, u-Grand Ayatollah Ali Sistani. AmaShiites nawo abongoze iinkqubo zokuvota ezisekwe kuluhlu lwabagqatswa belizwe, olusebenza ngokuchasene namaziko ezopolitiko amanyeneyo kunye nawengingqi. Izibhengezo zamvanje zamaShiite ziye zaqinisekisa injongo yorhulumente welizwe kodwa ziyishiye ivulekile ingcaciso yolawulo lwesininzi. Ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kolawulo lwesininzi kuya kwenza kube nzima ukufezekisa ukuba semthethweni kwezopolitiko. โฆ
'Indlela abasabela ngayo kubundlobongela obungaguqukiyo beSunni kunye nokuzola kweShiite akufuneki kusihende ekuchongeni ukuba semthethweni kwe-Iraqi ngolawulo olungaqwalaselwanga lwamaShiite. Amava aseMelika ngolawulo lobuthixo lwamaShiite e-Iran ukusukela ngo-1979 akakhuthazi ukuzithemba kubuchule bethu bokuqikelela indaleko yamaShiite okanye amathemba ebloc elawulwa yiShiite ukuya kwiMeditera. โฆ
'INdibano yoMgaqo-siseko ephuma kunyulo iya kuba yongamile ukusa kumlinganiselo othile. Kodwa amandla aqhubekayo eUnited States afanele agxininiswe kwiinjongo ezine eziphambili: (1) ukuthintela naliphi na iqela ekusebenziseni inkqubo yezobupolitika ukuseka uhlobo lolawulo olwalunanditshwa ngamaSunni ngaphambili; (2) ukuthintela nayiphi na indawo ekutyibilikeni kwiimeko zeTaliban njengendawo yokufihla intloko kunye namaziko okugaya abanqolobi; (3) ukugcina urhulumente wamaShiite angajiki abe ngulawulo lobuthixo, umIran okanye umthonyama; (4) ukushiya umda wokuzimela kommandla ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yedemokhrasi yase-Iraq.'
Yintoni uKissinger, uShultz kunye nenkampani ethethelela ngokucacileyo, kwaye yintoni eyenziwa ngabalawuli bakaBush, kukuba iWashington kufuneka ithintele uninzi lwamaShia - okuthetha ukuba naluphi na uninzi lwase-Iraq oluchasayo kwiWashington - ekulawuleni i-Iraq. Kufuneka ihlale ilawula umhlaba, ngokudlala kwiimpikiswano phakathi kwamaShia namaSunni kunye naphakathi kwama-Arabhu namaKurds, ngokutsho kwesaci sobukhosi esidumileyo esithi 'yahlule kwaye ulawule.'
Izithinteli apha zezona zibaluleke ngakumbi kwiminqweno yama impiriyali ase-US, ngokuthi:
I-1) Ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo kwezopolitiko e-Iraq - oko kukuthi ukulahlekelwa kolawulo lwelizwe kunye nokunyanzeliswa ukuba ulishiye - kuya kuba nemiphumo emibi kuneVietnam ngokubhekiselele ekuthembekeni kobukhosi base-US, ukukwazi ukungenelela emkhosini, kunye ne-US yezoqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko zehlabathi. . Ngenxa yento yeoli, ukubaluleka kobuchule kwe-Iraq kunye ne-Arab-Persian Gulf indawo iphezulu kakhulu kunayo nayiphi na into eyayisemngciphekweni eVietnam nakwi-Indochina yonke.
2) I-Iraq iyinxalenye yengingqi, ngakumbi iShia, 'ixesha lentlekele' eWashington - kunye ne-Israel's - umbono weqhinga, osuka eLebhanon, apho imelwe yi-Hizbullah ngokubambisana ne-Syria hegemony, ukuya kulawulo olulawulwa yi-Alawite. eSyria (ama-Alawites ayinzala yobuShia), kwimikhosi yamaShia axhasa iIran eIraq, kulawulo lweemullah eTehran.
IWashington izibeke njengeyona nto iphambili ukubhukuqwa kolu guqulelo oluhlaziyiweyo noluhlengahlengisiweyo lwe 'axis yobubi.' Isimo sengqondo sayo kwiziganeko zaseLebhanon, kunye nezisongelo ezikhulayo ezichasene neDamasko neTehran, zibonisa umxholo apho icinga indima yayo e-Iraq. Ukukhanya kwayo yonke loo nto, akufuneki kubekho inkohliso malunga nokuzimisela kolawulo lwangoku lwase-US ukuphuma e-Iraq. Uqinisekiso lwemithombo yasemkhosini yaseBritane ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari ukuba iWashington neLondon babeyila 'iqhinga lokuphuma, kodwa ngaphandle kwethayimthebhile yoluntu' lulwazi olusulungekileyo olwenzelwe ukukholisa uluvo loluntu oluchasa ukwandiswa komsebenzi.
URHULUMENTE OLANDELAYO WE-IRAQI KUNYE NOMSEBENZI
Ingxoxo e-Iraq phakathi kwemikhosi yezopolitiko yesininzi esithandwayo iphakathi kwabo bafuna ukurhoxiswa kwemikhosi yangaphandle kwixesha eliphakathi kunye nabo bafuna ukurhoxiswa kwabo kwixesha elifutshane. Kucacile ukuba awona maqhezu aphambili kwi-UIA, mhlawumbi exhaswe kulo mba ngu-Ayatollah al-Sistani, angakwinkampu yokuqala. Bakholelwa - ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ngokunyanisekileyo kuninzi lwabo - ukuba banokuthatha ithuba lokuqhubeka kobukho bemikhosi yokuhlala ukuze bakhe imikhosi exhobileyo phantsi kolawulo lwabo kwaye ngaloo ndlela benze iimeko zokurhoxiswa kakuhle kwemikhosi yangaphandle. Olu luvo luvakaliswe ngumgqatswa we-UIA kwisikhundla esiphambili senkulumbuso, u-Ibrahim al-Jaafari.
Yimbono ephosakeleyo ebulalayo. Kwelinye icala, amava abonise ngendlela engenakuphikiswa ukuba okukhona kuhlala ixesha elide, kokukhona imeko yase-Iraq isiba maxongo. Umsebenzi uzala isiphithiphithi ngokunempumelelo ngakumbi kunayo nayiphi na enye into okanye amandla, nokuba ngowasemzini okanye kwalapha ekhaya. Isizathu saloo nto silula kakhulu: umsebenzi uthiywe kakhulu sisininzi sama-Iraqis ama-Arab, inzondo eyenziwa mandundu usuku nosuku bubuxakaxa kunye nenkohlakalo yabahlali. Ukurhoxiswa kwemikhosi yamazwe angaphandle, ngokuchaseneyo, yimfuneko yokhuseleko kunye nocwangco ukuze kuphumelele kunye nokwakhiwa okusebenzayo kwelizwe elitsha lase-Iraq.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abahlali banokukrokrelwa ngokusemthethweni ngokukhuthaza iintlobo zesiphithiphithi kunye nobundlobongela, kunye nokuqhekeka kobuhlanga kunye namahlelo, ukuze kuqhutyekwe kwaye kube semthethweni umsebenzi. Ngokwenyani batyholwa ngokuziphatha ngolu hlobo luninzi lwabantu baseIraq. Uninzi lwabantu baseIraq bakholelwa ukuba iWashington ihlwayela ngabom imbewu yengxabano yamakhaya phakathi kwabo, ngokudlala uluntu ngalunye ngokuchasene nabanye. Baqinisekile ukuba iWashington ivumela amaqela abanqolobi ngabom, njengeZarqawi kunye nabanye abanenzondelelo yempambano, baququzelele imisebenzi yabo yoburhalarhume ukuze bajongele phantsi ukuxhathisa okusemthethweni kunye nokukhuthaza iintlobo zesiphithiphithi ezisetyenziswa njengezizathu zokwandisa ixesha elingenammiselo lomsebenzi.
Esi sesinye sezizathu, ngengozi, kutheni awona mandla ezopolitiko achasene nomsebenzi, oko kukuthi, umfelandawonye osele ukhankanyiwe phakathi kweSunni Association of Muslim Scholars kunye neMoqtada al-Sadr's Current, baye bacela ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba kutsalwe umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kochaso olusemthethweni oluchasene nomthetho. imikhosi yabasebenzi kunye nento abayibiza ngokuba 'bubugrogrisi,' bebeka ngokufanelekileyo phantsi kweli lebhile abo babhenela kubundlobongela obujoliswe kubemi abamsulwa, nokuba ngama-Iraqi okanye abantu basemzini, kunye nohlaselo lwamahlelo.
Washington izenzo Machiavellian ziye zafikelela isidanga entsha kunye nabafowunelwa esandul 'ukwenziwa kunye nephiko Baathist of ukuchasa, oko kukuthi uthungelwano eshiywe nguzwilakhe Baathist kunye izixa ezikhulu zemali kunye nemininzi yezixhobo. Eli candelo lokuchasa ukusebenza kwe-US - kakhulu lizothekile luninzi lwabantu base-Iraqi ngenxa yokuba lizama ukungakhululi ilizwe, kodwa ukuphinda limisele ingcinezelo yalo enganyamezelekiyo - ngoku lithethathethana uhlobo oluthile lwesivumelwano neWashington.
Olu phuhliso luhambelana ngokugqibeleleyo notshintsho kwizicwangciso zeWashington eIraq ezibonakaliswe kukutshintshwa kweChalabi ngo-Allawi. Owayesakuba wazibeka njengentshatsheli ye-'de-Baathification' kwaye wadlala indima ephambili kwisigqibo sikaBremer sokuchitha izixhobo zolawulo lobuzwilakhe lwaseBaath - ngaloo ndlela evula indlela eya kwesinye seziphumo ezibini: isiphithiphithi kunye nokuhlala ixesha elide kwe-US, okanye isakhiwo. yelizwe elitsha elisekelwe kulawulo lwesininzi. Le yokugqibela yaxhasa, phambi kohlaselo nasemva, intsebenziswano phakathi kweWashington kunye namacandelo amakhulu ezixhobo zeBaathist (kule nto, bona inqaku lam elithi 'Bush's Cakewalk into the Iraqi Quagmire' iposwe ngoMeyi 5, 2004 kwiCounterPunch).
Xa uBremer wahlukana ne-Chalabi waza wamisela u-Allawi njengentloko yolawulo lukanodoli, lo mva waqala ukudibanisa ababekade bengamaBaathists kurhulumente omtsha wase-Iraqi kunye nemikhosi exhobileyo, ngaloo ndlela yacaphukisa imikhosi ephambili yamaShia ehlangene kwi-UIA. Imikhosi yamaShia esisiseko enamajoni, oko kukuthi, iBhunga eliPhakamileyo leNguquko yamaSilamsi e-Iraq, iQela le-Al-Daawa kunye ne-al-Sadr's yangoku, ifuna ukuhlambulula imikhosi emitsha exhobileyo yase-Iraqi kumaBaathists akudidi oluphezulu kwaye idibanise imikhosi yawo kuwo. -Imeko ebuhlungu eWashington. Kucacile ukuba iWashington iya kuzama ukuvala naluphi na ulawulo lwala maqela 'kwinkonzo yamandla' kunye nemikhosi exhobileyo kunye nezixhobo zengcinezelo.
Ijongene nethemba lokungquzulana nesininzi samaShia, iWashington izimisele ukusebenzisa naziphi na iindlela eziyimfuneko ukuchasa eso soyikiso, kubandakanya nemanyano 'echasene neIran' kunye namaBaathists. Ngapha koko, ngaba iWashington ibingekangeni iminyaka emininzi kumfelandawonye noSaddam Hussein ngokwakhe ngokuchasene nolawulo lwaseIran?
Zonke ezi nkqubela zigxininisa elinye ixesha imfuneko yokuba umchasi-impiriyali ashiye phesheya aqonde kakhulu kwisimo sakhe sengqondo kwimeko entsonkothileyo yase-Iraq, kunye nokuphepha imigibe efana nenkxaso engafanelekanga kuxhathiso lwase-Iraq ngaphandle kokwahluka okuyimfuneko, kunye inkolelo elula yokuba olona hlobo lomzabalazo olusemthethweni okanye olusebenzayo ngulowo uxhobileyo.
Imanyano yamaShia-Sunni echasene nomsebenzi woMbutho weeMfundi zamaSilamsi kunye ne-al-Sadr's Ngoku ichanekile ngokugqibeleleyo ekunyanzeliseni ukurhoxiswa kwemikhosi yangaphandle njengemfuno ephambili kunye nemfuneko kwimeko yangoku e-Iraq. Ziyinkqubo yezopolitiko phakathi koxinzelelo lokuchasa okusemthethweni okuxhobileyo kumsebenzi kunye noxinzelelo lwezopolitiko oluchasayo olubonakaliswe ngabemi kunye nabameli bobuninzi babo. Indibaniselwano yezi ngcinezelo zimbini ibalulekile kwinkululeko ye-Iraq.
Lo mfelandawonye wokuchasana nomsebenzi ulungile kumbandela wesizwe. Noko ke, oku akuthethi ukuba zinamandla 'aqhubela phambili'. I-Moqtada al-Sadr's Ngoku ngokukodwa ngumkhwa wobufundamentali, usabela ngokunzulu kwimiba emininzi yentlalo, yenkcubeko kunye nesini. Bubungqina kuphela bokungaphumeleli kwembali kwekhohlo kuloo mmandla wehlabathi - ukoyiswa okuqaqambileyo kweQela lamaKomanisi e-Iraq kunyulo ngumzekeliso ocacileyo - ukuba imikhosi yenkolo, kubandakanywa neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-fundamentalists, inamandla ebantwini. ' umzabalazo ochasene nengcinezelo yamazwe angaphandle neyasekhaya. Ngethamsanqa, ukungafani koluntu lwase-Iraqi kubeka imida ecacileyo kuyo nayiphi na iprojekthi ukunyanzelisa umthetho wamaSilamsi osisiseko elizweni.
UMSEBENZI WOKUPHUMELA UMLO
Ngaphandle kwesikhundla sokuba urhulumente olandelayo wase-Iraqi uya kuchaza malunga nomba wokuhlala, intshukumo yokulwa nemfazwe kwamanye amazwe kufuneka inyuke ngokuqinisekileyo, kunanini na ngaphambili, uxinzelelo lwayo malunga nemfuno yokurhoxiswa kwangoku kunye nokurhoxiswa kwemikhosi e-Iraq. Oku eneneni akwanelanga kuphela kumdla wabantu baseIraq, kodwa nakumdla woninzi lweNdibano entsha ngokwayo kunye nokumelwa kwayo kurhulumente.
Inyani kukuba esi sininzi siya kujongana noxinzelelo lwaseMelika lwalo lonke uhlobo (kule nto, bona amanqaku kaMilan Rai, 'Indlela iWashington iCwangcisa ngayo ukuLawula iNdibano yeSizwe yaseIraq,' iposwe I-Iraq yombane, Feb. 16, 2005 kunye noJaafar al-Ahmar, ngesiArabhu, 'Ingaphakathi kunye noKhuseleko luya kugqiba impembelelo ye-UIA kunye nempumelelo ye-al-Jaafari ekuchaseni uxinzelelo lwase-US,' epapashwe kwi. Al-Hayat, Februwari 24, 2005). Kuya kufuneka ijongane ngokuthe ngqo nenyani yokuba iWashington ayifuni kuqwalasela nayiphi na ishedyuli esetwe kwangaphambili yokurhoxa, singasathethi ke ngethemba lokurhoxiswa ngokupheleleyo kwemikhosi yayo e-Iraq. Ulawulo lukaBush lwakha isiseko somkhosi sokumisa imikhosi yase-US e-Iraq - kwindawo yobuchule yamasimi e-oyile ikakhulu - ixesha elingenammiselo. Ukuba ukuqhubeka kobukho bemikhosi yase-US kule minyaka ingama-60 idlulileyo eJamani naseJapan kudla ngokunikezelwa njengomzekelo ziingcali zolawulo lukaBush kucace gca kulo mba.
Ke ngoko, abantu baseIraq, kunye nabameli bayo abaninzi, bema kuphela ukuzuza kolona xinzelelo lunamandla oluvezwa yintshukumo yokulwa imfazwe kumazwe aphesheya ngokurhoxiswa kwangoko, ngaphandle kwemiqathango kunye nokurhoxa ngokupheleleyo kwemikhosi ehlala e-Iraq. Kungeso sizathu kanye ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba usuku oluzayo lwezizwe ngezizwe lokuhlangana ngokuchasene nokuhlala kwe-Iraq nge-19 Matshi lube yimpumelelo.
Intshukumo yokulwa nemfazwe kufuneka iqalise ukucwangcisa umbono womzabalazo wexesha elide wokuphelisa ukuhlala kwe-Iraq kunye nokuthintela ukuhlasela okutsha komkhosi ngokuchasene ne-Iran, iSyria okanye naliphi na ilizwe iWashington eliya kusongela ngomso. Oku kubandakanya ukusetwa kwekhalenda yokuhlanganisana ukuze kubekwe intshukumo kwimbono yexesha elide, endaweni yokumisela ixesha ngalinye ukuqeshwa okukodwa kunye nokushiya ikamva lokuhlanganisana lingagqitywanga.
Umbutho ochasene nemfazwe wehlabathi wenze kanye. Inokuyenza kwakhona: Siya koyisa.
Februwari 24, 2005
Isihlomelo: Ngonyulo lwe-30 kaJanuwari
Ngenxa yobume beemeko zokhuseleko ezikhoyo e-Iraq, kunye nokungathabathi nxaxheba kweendawo ezibalulekileyo zelizwe, ukujika kwe-60% yabavoti abafanelekileyo kwakumangalisa ngokwenene! Ekubeni izintlu zomxhesho wokutya zazisetyenziswa njengoluhlu lwabavoti, umntu unokucinga ukuba inani elinikiweyo labavoti abafanelekileyo lalilingana nalowo unokubakho, ukuba akukho ngaphezu kwemfuneko (kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na imeko kunenani labavoti ababhalisiweyo elisetyenziswa njenge umlinganiselo kuninzi lonyulo).
Umlinganiselo onjalo wokuthatha inxaxheba kwe-60% - kwilizwe apho, ngenxa yexesha elibekiweyo lokufika ekhaya, abavoti babesoloko behamba imigama emide kakhulu ukuya kwiindawo zokuvota, kwaye apho amaqela amaninzi amaphekula ayesongela ngokubulala abaza kuba ngabavoti ngokusebenzisa abahlaseli, Iimoto-iziqhushumbisi okanye uhlaselo lokuzibulala, kunye nokubulala nabani na obonwe ngomnwe omfusa - yayiyimpumelelo ephawulekayo. Yayibubungqina obunamandla bokunxanelwa idemokhrasi yabantu esele ingamashumi eminyaka iphantsi koyena rhulumente ukhohlakeleyo ehlabathini, ngakumbi, phakathi kwawona macandelo acinezelekileyo aba bantu, awathi abumbene phakathi kwabo. uninzi.
Ukuqala kosuku olusemva konyulo lwase-Iraq, kuye kwakho ukusetyenziswa okubanzi ngokumangalisayo kwenqaku elinye kwinqaku elinye. ENew York Times ngonyulo lwe-1967 eSouth Vietnam (uPeter Grose, 'i-US ikhuthazwe yiVoti yaseVietnam: Amagosa achaza i-83% yokujika ngaphandle kwe-Vietcong Terror,' ngoSeptemba 4, 1967). Amagqabaza amaninzi aye acaphula kwakweli nqaku, elaqalisa ngokuthi: 'Amagosa aseUnited States aye othukile aza akhuthazeka namhlanje kubungakanani benani labantu ababezile kunyulo lukamongameli waseMzantsi Vietnam phezu kwako nje iphulo labanqolobi baseVietcong lokuphazamisa ukuvota.'
Lo mzekeliso bubuxoki ngokupheleleyo kwaye uyalahlekisa. Ukulinganisa umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi meko zimbini, abaphandi bogcino lwe-NYT bebenokufunda, umzekelo, inqaku elinesihloko esithi 'IiSenators zijonga 'Ubuqhophololo' kwiVoti Drive eVietnam,' nguHedrick Smith kwi ENew York Times yomhla we-12 ka-Agasti 1967 - kwiiveki ezintathu ngaphambi konyulo kunye nenqaku likaGrose.
Yaqala: 'Ishumi elinesibini leSenethi kumaqela omabini [alawulayo e-US] atyhola namhlanje ukuba iphulo lonyulo lukaMongameli wase-Vietnamese lujikwa 'bubuqhophololo,' 'i-farce' kunye 'nobuqhetseba' libutho elilawulayo lomkhosi.'
Kwaye ekunene ezi Senators bekunjalo! Kuyenzeka ukubonisa ubungqina obungathandabuzekiyo, kwimithombo ekhoyo ngoku efana namaxwebhu eCIA, ukuba unyulo lwaseVietnam lwango-1967 lwabanjwa, lwanyanzeliswa yiWashington kwi-stooges yase-US ethandabuzayo, uThieu noKy, kwaye yenzelwe ukunika ubungqina bokuba semthethweni kulawulo lwabo lobuzwilakhe oluthiyiweyo. uninzi lwabantu baseVietnam.
Ukuzoba isifaniso nonyulo lwase-Iraq olwanyanzeliswa eWashington ngabantu base-Iraqi, apho isikhulu sase-US soyiswayo saze saphunyezwa ngesileyiti esikhokelwa zezona zihlobo zibalaseleyo zolona tshaba lwase-Washington lubi kakhulu kulo mmandla, kuyachasa ingqiqo yokuqala.
Ngaba umntu kufuneka akhankanye umahluko omkhulu phakathi kokuchaswa kweVietnam kunye naloo mikhosi yazama ukunqanda unyulo lwase-Iraq ngephulo elingazange libonwe ngaphambili elijoliswe kubavoti ngokwabo?
UGilbert Achcar ngumbhali we Ungquzulwano Lwenkohlakalo kwaye Eastern Cauldron, Zombini ezipapashwe yi Monthly Review Press in Inew york. Ndiyabulela kuDavid Finkel ngokuhlela kwakhe okuhle.
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