Andazi ukuba u-Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez uza kuqhuba kakuhle njani njengelungu leCongress. Kodwa unyulo lwakhe sele luphumeza injongo ebalulekileyo. Uyabona, ingcinga nje yokuba nowasetyhini omncinci, ocacileyo, ongekho mhlophe osebenza ngetelejini uqhuba abaninzi ngokuphambana ngasekunene-kwaye ngokuphambana kwabo bazityhila bengaqondanga.
Ezinye zezityhilelo ziyinkcubeko: I-hysteria phezu kwevidiyo ye-AOC yokudansa ekholejini ithi imiqulu, kungekhona ngaye, kodwa malunga ne-hysterics. Kodwa ngandlel 'ithile izityhilelo ezibaluleke ngakumbi zinengqondo: Ukuchaswa kwelungelo leengcamango zomgaqo-nkqubo we-AOC "ziphambene" zisebenza njengesikhumbuzo esihle kakhulu sokuba ngubani ngokwenene ophambeneyo.
Ingxabano yelo xesha ibandakanya ukuxhaswa kwe-AOC yerhafu yerhafu ye-70-80 yeepesenti kwimivuzo ephezulu kakhulu, ngokucacileyo iphambene, akunjalo? Ndiyathetha, ngubani ocinga ukuba iyavakala? Ngabantu abangenalwazi kuphela abanje ... um, uPeter Diamond, owawiswa ngembasa yeNobel kwezoqoqosho kwaye ngokungathandabuzekiyo ingcaphephe yehlabathi kwezemali yoluntu. (Nangona amaRiphabhlikhi amthintela ekuqeshweni kwiBhodi ye-Federal Reserve ngamabango okuba wayenjalo engafanelekanga. Ngokwenene.) Kwaye ngumgaqo-nkqubo ekungekho mntu ukhe wawuphumeza, ngaphandle kweโฆ e-United States, iminyaka engama-35 emva kweMfazwe yeHlabathi yesiBini โ kuquka elona xesha liyimpumelelo lokukhula koqoqosho kwimbali yethu.
Ukucacisa ngakumbi, iDayimane, esebenza no-Emmanuel Saez - enye yeengcali zethu eziphambili ngokungalingani - kuqikelelwa umgangatho werhafu ephezulu ibe ngama-73 ekhulwini. Abanye bayibeka phezulu: UChristina Romer, ingcali kwezoqoqosho ephezulu kunye nowayesakuba yintloko yeBhunga likaMongameli u-Obama labacebisi bezoQoqosho, uqikelela oko. ngaphezu kwe-80 ipesenti.
Avela phi la manani? Ngaphantsi kohlalutyo lweDayimane-Saez ziziphakamiso ezibini: Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa komda kunye neemarike ezikhuphisanayo.
Ukuncipha kwezinto ezisetyenziswayo kuluvo oluqhelekileyo lokuba idola eyongezelelweyo ixabisa ngaphantsi kakhulu ekwanelisekeni kwabantu abanemivuzo ephezulu kakhulu kunabo banemivuzo ephantsi. Nika usapho olunomvuzo wonyaka we-20,000 yeedola kunye ne-1,000 yeedola kwaye iya kwenza umahluko omkhulu kubomi babo. Nika umfana owenza i-1 yezigidi zeedola iwaka elongezelelweyo kwaye akayi kuqaphela.
Oku kuthetha ntoni kumgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho kukuba akufanele sikhathalele ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wenza ntoni kwingeniso yabantu abazizityebi kakhulu. Umgaqo-nkqubo owenza ukuba isityebi sihlwempuzeke ngakumbi uya kuchaphazela kuphela iqaqobana labantu, kwaye uya kuchaphazela ngokungekho ngqiqweni ulwaneliseko lobomi babo, kuba beseza kukwazi ukuthenga nantoni na abayifunayo.
Ngoko kutheni ungarhafisi nge-100 ekhulwini? Impendulo yeyokuba oku kuya kuphelisa nayiphi na inkuthazo yokwenza nantoni na abayenzayo ukuze bafumane loo mali ingako, nto leyo enokwenzakalisa uqoqosho. Ngamanye amazwi, umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu kwizityebi akufuneki ube nanto yakwenza nomdla wezityebi, ngokobuqu, kodwa kufuneka uxhalabele kuphela ukuba impembelelo yenkuthazo itshintsha njani na indlela yokuziphatha kwezityebi, kunye nendlela oku kubachaphazela ngayo bonke abanye abantu.
Kodwa apha kulapho iimarike ezikhuphisanayo zingena khona. Kuqoqosho olukhuphisana ngokugqibeleleyo, kungekho mandla alawulayo okanye ezinye izinto ezigqwethekileyo - oluluhlobo lwabalondolozi bezoqoqosho abafuna ukuba sikholelwe ukuba sinakho - wonke umntu uhlawulwa imveliso yakhe encinci. Oko kukuthi, ukuba uhlawulwa i-1000 yeedola ngeyure, kungenxa yokuba iyure nganye eyongezelelweyo oyisebenzayo yongeza i-1000 yeedola kwimveliso yezoqoqosho.
Kwimeko enjalo, nangona kunjalo, kutheni siyikhathalele indlela abazizityebi abasebenza nzima ngayo? Ukuba umntu osisityebi usebenza iyure eyongezelelweyo, engeza i-1000 yeedola kuqoqosho, kodwa ahlawulwe i-$ 1000 ngemigudu yakhe, ingeniso edibeneyo yomntu wonke ayitshintshi, ngaba kunjalo? Ah, kodwa kunjalo - kuba uhlawula irhafu kwi-1000 yeedola. Ngoko inzuzo yentlalontle ekufumaneni abantu abanengeniso ephezulu ukuba basebenze nzima yingeniso yerhafu eyenziwa ngulo mzamo ongezelelweyo - kwaye ngokuchaseneyo iindleko zokusebenza kwabo ngaphantsi kukunciphisa iirhafu abazihlawulayo.
Okanye ukuyibeka ngokuthe kratya, xa sirhafisa izityebi, into ekufuneka siyikhathalele kukuba sinyusa ingeniso engakanani na. Elona zinga lifanelekileyo lerhafu kubantu abanemivuzo ephezulu kakhulu lizinga eliphakamisa eyona ngeniso iphezulu enokwenzeka.
Kwaye leyo yinto esinokuyiqikelela, sinikwe ubungqina bokuba ingeniso yangaphambi kwerhafu yezityebi ithini ngokwenene kwiirhafu zerhafu. Njengoko benditshilo, i-Diamond kunye ne-Saez babeka izinga elifanelekileyo kwiipesenti ze-73, i-Romer ngaphezu kweepesenti ze-80 - ehambelanayo nento ethethwa yi-AOC.
Ngaphandle: Kuthekani ukuba sithathela ingqalelo ubunyani bokuba iimarike azikhuphisani ngokugqibeleleyo, ukuba maninzi amandla akhoyo apha phandle? Impendulo yeyokuba oku ngokuqinisekileyo kwenza imeko yerhafu ephezulu nangaphezulu, kuba abantu abarhola imivuzo ephezulu banokufumana uninzi lwezo renti zilawulwa ngumntu wonke.
Ke i-AOC, kude nokubonisa ubugeza bakhe, ihambelana ngokupheleleyo nophando olunzulu lwezoqoqosho. (Ndiva ukuba ebethetha neengcali zezoqoqosho ezilunge kakhulu.) Abagxeki bakhe, kwelinye icala, ngokwenene banezimvo zomgaqo-nkqubo ophambeneyo - kwaye umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu usentliziyweni yamageza.
Uyabona, amaRiphabhlikhi phantse jikelele axhasa irhafu ephantsi kwizityebi, ngokusekwe kwibango lokuba ukuthotywa kwerhafu ephezulu kuya kuba neziphumo eziluncedo kuqoqosho. Eli bango lixhomekeke kuphando ngu ... kulungile, akukho mntu. Akukho qela lomsebenzi onzima oxhasa i-G.O.P. iingcamango zerhafu, kuba ubungqina buchasene nezo mbono.
Jonga kwimbali yamazinga aphezulu erhafu yengeniso yomda (ekhohlo) ngokuchasene nokukhula kweGDP yokwenyani ngomntu ngamnye (ekunene, kulinganiswe kwiminyaka eli-10, ukulungisa ukuguquguquka kwexesha elifutshane.):
Into esiyibonayo kukuba iMelika yayidla ngokuba neerhafu eziphezulu kakhulu kwizityebi - ziphezulu nangaphezu kwaloo AOC iphakamisa - kwaye yenza kakuhle. Ukusukela ngoko izinga lerhafu liye lehla kakhulu, kwaye ukuba kukho nantoni na uqoqosho lwenze kakuhle kancinci.
Kutheni abantu baseRiphabhlikhi bebambelela kwithiyori yerhafu engenankxaso evela kwiingcali zezoqoqosho ezingenanto kwaye iyaphikiswa yiyo yonke idatha ekhoyo? Ewe, buza ukuba ngubani ozuza kwiirhafu eziphantsi kwizityebi, kwaye kucacile.
Kwaye ngenxa yokuba iingxowa zeqela zifuna ukuthotyelwa kwezoqoqosho ezingenamsebenzi, iqela likhetha "iingcali zezoqoqosho" ezinobuqhetseba obucacileyo kwaye azikwazi nokuba fake amanani abo ngokufanelekileyo.
Okundibuyisela kwi-AOC, kunye nomzamo oqhubekayo wokumbonisa njenge-flaky kunye nokungazi. Ewe, kumbandela werhafu uthetha nje into ethethwa ziingcali ngezoqoqosho; kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo uyazi ngakumbi ezoqoqosho ukodlula wonke umntu okwi-G.O.P. Caucus, hayi kancinci kuba "akazazi" izinto ezingeyonyani.
U-Paul Krugman ube ngumbhali wemihlathi yeeNgcino zeNew York Times ukusukela ngo-2000 kwaye ukwanguNjingalwazi oBekekileyo kwiZiko leDyunivesithi yeSixeko saseNew York. Uphumelele iMbasa yeNobel yeSikhumbuzo ngowama-2008 kwiNzululwazi yezoQoqosho ngomsebenzi wakhe kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nejografi yezoqoqosho. @PaulKrugman
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