Iphulo lokuvumela ukunyulwa kwakhona kukaMongameli waseVenezuela u-Hugo Chávez kunyulo lukaMongameli ngoDisemba 2012 liqokelela isantya. Kulo mxholo amaxhala avele ngenxa yokuqina kwedemokhrasi yaseVenezuela nangona unyulo lwengingqi olusandul 'ukugqitywa, lubhengezwe "lunoxolo kwaye lungumzekelo" nguNobhala Jikelele we-OAS uJóse Miguel Insulza. Ukuba nokwenzeka konyulo kwakhona kubekwe njengogunyaziwe ngabanye, kwaye akukho mthethweni ngabanye.
UMgaqo-siseko waseVenezuela uthi uhlaziyo lomgaqo-siseko olwaliwe alunakuphinda lunikezelwe kwakhona ngexesha lonyulo olufanayo. Ngenxa yokuba iphakheji yohlaziyo lomgaqo-siseko ka-2007 ibandakanya iinguqu ezivumela unyulo olongezelelweyo xa woyiswa kancinane, utshintsho olucetywayo ngoku lubonakala lungekho mthethweni.
Nangona kunjalo ukuba semthethweni kolu tshintsho kujongwana nokukodwa kuMgaqo-siseko waseVenezuela. Iwenza umahluko phakathi kohlaziyo lomgaqo-siseko kunye nohlenga-hlengiso, kuphela elo langaphambili elingenako ukumiselwa kwakhona kwangexesha elinye. Umahluko ulele ekubeni ngaba utshintsho lufuna ukuguqula imigaqo yomgaqo-siseko endaweni yeenkqubo zayo. Ngokucacileyo ngumba wengxoxo-mpikiswano, kodwa kubonakala ngathi ukushenxiswa kwemida yamaxesha kungumbuzo wenqaku elithile, inani lama-230, kunomgaqo osisiseko womgaqo-siseko.
Igunya elicingelwa ukuba lilonyulo kwakhona olungenammiselo luvakaliswa kakuhle. Nkqu noChávez owabhengeza inkuthazo yobukrelekrele, uSímon Bolivar, umkhululi waseVenezuela kulawulo lwaseSpain wavakalisa inkxalabo malunga nolonyulo kwakhona olungenammiselo. "Akukho nto iyingozi njengokuvumela ummi omnye ukuba ahlale kulawulo ixesha elide".
Yintoni eyayixhalabisa uBolívar nangona kunjalo, yayingeyona ingcamango yokuphinda unyulwe, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo. Abantu, wacebisa, "baqhelana nokuthobela" kunye nommi ukukhokela, kwaye ukusuka kweli nqanaba kuqala ukuhluthwa kolongamo oludumileyo. Nabani na oqhelene neqela elichasayo laseVenezuela, ixhala langaphambili alibonakali ngathi ngumcimbi oxhalabisayo. Ngokukodwa xa siqwalasela ukuba iVenezuela, ngokungafaniyo ne-United States, ivumela i-referendum malunga nokuchithwa kwegunya likaMongameli njengoko kwazama kwi-2004.
Xa sithetha ngokuqhela ukulawula sibeka ubunkokeli ngokubetha usiba lukaMongameli. Kufuneka siqaphele ukuba imimiselo ibe yinto yobongameli be-Chávez, njengoko uninzi lwezolawulo lukazwelonke. Nangona kunjalo sisebenzisa oku njengomlinganiselo wethu, xa kujongwa ngokuthelekisayo, uChávez ubonakala engaqhelananga nobunkokeli nangona ebeneminyaka elishumi ebambe iintambo. IBrazil ukususela ngowe-1988-95 yafumana imiyalelo eli-1004 ngenani elinye. UCarlos Menem waseArgentina, ngoku ephantsi kophando ngokurhweba ngezixhobo ngokungekho mthethweni, nangona ngelo xesha kwakubhiyozelwa kakhulu, kwakhutshwa ngaphezulu kwama-300.
Nangona inkokeli inokuba yeyomntu olawulayo, njengoko abaninzi becebisa ngeChávez, oku akubonisi imeko-bume yeziko abasebenza kuyo njengolawulo-melo. Amaziko edemokhrasi kufuneka azame ukunqanda olu tyekelo lobuqu, kodwa ngokwale ngqiqo kufuneka siqonde ukuba "unyulo kwakhona" "selunyulo". Amandla, kunjalo, aya kuhlala nabantu ekugqibeleni. Ngaphezu koko kufuneka siqonde ukuba isilungiso siya kuba sisiphumo somyolelo jikelele, kuya kufuna imvume kwireferendamu.
Into ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba isilungiso sinegunya yindlela okwaziswa ngayo. UMgaqo-siseko waseVenezuela uvumela imithombo emithathu enokwenzeka yokuqalisa: umongameli, amashumi amathathu eepesenti zamasekela kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, okanye isibongozo esinamasayinwa asuka ubuncinane kwi-15% yalawo abhalwe kwirejista yonyulo yesizwe.
Abaninzi babenethemba lokuba yayiza kulandelwa indlela ethandwayo. Oku kubonakala kufana nedemokhrasi ngakumbi, ngakumbi malunga nokukhusela iprotagon ethandwayo ebonwa kuMgaqo-siseko. Kwakhona bekuya kunika ithuba lokuba isiseko se-activist yeqela le-Chávez, i-PSUV, iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iqale phezu kwamalungu amanqanaba aphezulu, abanye babo babonwa nokuba yi-Chávistas ukuba inkohlakalo okanye ingenamsebenzi.
Kodwa ngo-5th kaDisemba 2008 uChávez wachaza kwinkqubo ethi "dando y dando" ukuba ulungiso luya kwaziswa ngeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho. Nangona eli ilithuba eliphosiweyo lokuqhubela phambili iziqinisekiso zalo zedemokhrasi, ukwaziswa kwesi sihlomelo ngale ndlela kunzima ukuba sikuthathe njengolawulo lolawulo.
Intetho ithi "uthando luqala ekhaya", mhlawumbi kufanele ukugxekwa. Inkqubo yePalamente yaseBhritane ayibeki mda usesikweni kwixesha elinokuchithwa ngumntu omnye njengeNkulumbuso. Ngoloyiso lolonyulo kathathu uTony Blair wayeyeyona Nkulumbuso yezaBasebenzi ixesha elide kweli lizwe, kwaye ngelixa abaninzi becinga indlela yakhe yobunkokeli njengegunya, sisayithatha inkqubo yethu njengedemokhrasi enamandla. Le mvakalelo iyanyamezeleka nangona ngoku kukho indoda esikhokelayo abambalwa abanokuthi bavotele isikhundla esinjalo kunyulo jikelele.
I-ZNetwork ixhaswa ngemali kuphela ngesisa sabafundi bayo.
Nikela